1、Section Warming Up & ReadingComprehending 阅读理解ATodays beef comes from animals raised on farms.So do chicken and pork.But some scientists are looking to change that.Theyd like to grow just the parts that we want to eat.Create hamburgers, for example, without any cows.Opinions differ on how best to do
2、 this.Some would start with animal cells(细胞)Others would reach for parts of plants instead.But whatever their source is, the goals are the same：tasty meat for more people, less stress on the environment.The idea of growing just the beef, not the whole cow, has been around since at least the 1890s. A
3、nd it got a bit more real in 2013. That was when Mark Post introduced his labgrown hamburger at a televised tasting(品尝会)But the cost of that first burger was highmore than $300，000.No one expected to buy a burger that cost more than a car, let alone a small plant.Other scientists want to make “meat”
4、 from plants.These dreamers are not looking to create a better “vegetable burger”Indeed, one of these scientists, Patrick O. Brown, doesnt like that term at all.Vegetable burgers are made from plants and have the shape of a burger.The taste is often quite different from true meat.Browns company, Imp
5、ossible Foods in Redwood City, Calif, instead wants to make plant burgers so delicious that even those meat eaters will enjoy them and want to take another bite.When it comes to making meat，“Animals happened to be the technology that was available 10，000 years ago，” Brown says.“We stuck with that te
6、chnology.But it is unbelievably inefficient(效率低的) by any measure.” Brown believes that science can come up with something better.His team is going towards the plant path. But if the scientists can make their animalcellbased dream affordable, he adds，“Ill be their biggest fan.”【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。一些研究人员想利
7、用植物生产肉或者在实验室里种植出肉来，以减少肉类动物的养殖。1What do the scientists want to do?ARaise animals in a better way.BCreate meat without raising animals.CChange the taste of chicken and pork.DMake much healthier burgers for people.B解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的Theyd like to grow just the parts that we want to eat. Create hamburgers,
8、 for example, without any cows.可知，科学家们想通过不用养殖动物的方式来获得肉。2What can we know about Mark Posts labgrown hamburger?AIt was first created in the 1890s.BIt was made based on animal cells.CIts price was too high for customers.DIts taste was not as good as original hamburgers.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的But the cost of t
9、hat first burger was highmore than $300，000.No one expected to buy a burger that cost more than a car, let alone a small plant.可知，Mark Post在实验室种植出的汉堡包价格太高。3Whats Patrick OBrowns attitude towards the traditional way of making meat?AUninterested.BNegative.CHopeful. DSupportive.B解析：观点态度题。根据末段的“We stuck
10、 with that technology.But it is unbelievably inefficient(效率低的) by any measure.” Brown believes that science can come up with something better.可知，Brown认为传统的用动物来获得肉的方式效率太低，他相信能找到更好的方法。故他对这种方式持消极态度。BAs hard as you and your loved ones try to pick out the perfect present, you may need to return something
11、.The sweater will be the wrong size, or the new coffee maker wont match your kitchen.Almost everyone is in the same boat, though, with almost twothirds of shoppers making a return over the holiday season, according to data from the National Retail Foundation.With numbers like that, a “quick” return
12、or exchange can turn into a big headache for you.Luckily, if you plan correctly, you can be in and out at once.To avoid long lines, beat the crowds by arriving right at opening time, typically two hours before noon, says personal stylist Vanessa Valiente, creator of VStyle. “Most mornings at a store
13、 have shorter lines, but the mornings with the shortest lines are on Sundays，” she says.“This is true all through the year and continues to be true during the holidays.”If you cant get out on a Sunday, weekday mornings, especially Mondays and Tuesdays, usually have shorter lines too, says Sarah Holl
14、enbeck, a shopping and savings expert.Hitting the shops on a weekday afternoon is also better than heading out after work or on a busy weekend, she says, but notes that the week after Christmas tends to be full of people no matter what.Stores offer New Years and afterChristmas sales, and shoppers ga
15、ther for the things that werent checked off their Christmas lists.So many people avert that week.But for the bestofthebest and the worstoftheworst, there are two days to notice.December 26 tends to be extra busy with people rushing out to make their Christmas returns immediately, says Valiente.On th
16、e other side, shoppers are more likely to stay at home on New Years Day.“If you take it easy on New Years Eve, you can be the only one in the stores doing returns on the first day of the year，” she says.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。圣诞节后，很多人会想去商场退掉一些收到的圣诞节礼物，可是不是每天都适合去做这件事。4What does the author mean by saying “Alm
17、ost everyone is in the same boat”？APeople find it hard to do Christmas shopping.BPeople really like the things bought as gifts.CIts common for people to receive wrong gifts.DIts common for people to return Christmas gifts.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段的Almost everyone is in the same boat, though, with almost twoth
18、irds of shoppers making a return over the holiday season.可知，作者的意思是：圣诞节后很多人想去商场退掉一些他们收到的礼物。5What does the underlined word “avert” in Paragraph 4 mean?AAvoid. BFear.CCelebrate. DSuggest.A解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段的Stores offer New Years and afterChristmas sales, and shoppers gather for the things that werent chec
19、ked off their Christmas lists.可知，这一周商场一般都会很拥挤，故可知很多人会选择“避开”这一周去商场。6Which of the following statements would Valiente agree with?AAfternoon is the best time to go shopping.BPeople should rest at home on New Years Day.CNew Years Day is the best time to return Christmas gifts.DWed better return our Chri
20、stmas gifts on December 26.C解析：推理判断题。根据末段的“If you take it easy on New Years Eve, you can be the only one in the stores doing returns on the first day of the year，” she says.可知，她认为新年第一天去退掉那些商品最好。7What is the text mainly about?AThe best time to visit a store.BThe best time to return Christmas gifts.CS
21、ome good ways to deal with Christmas gifts.DSome good ways to return Christmas presents.B解析：主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲圣诞节过后哪一天去商场退掉那些不需要的礼物最好。CThe National Pass walking track is in the Blue Mountains National Park, one of the most wellknown national parks in Australia.It is near Wentworth Falls, which is
22、 around 100 kilometres from Sydney (the largest city in Australia)It is a circular walking track of 4.4km.It includes a 709m climb and takes around 3.5 hours to complete.Though the transport is not perfect, the National Pass can be readily reached by car or train.The Grand Stairway is an unforgettab
23、le part of the National Pass.This is a zigzag stairway(which looks like a line of Zs joined together) with 173 steps. It has been described as the tallest outdoor stairway in Australia.The Grand Stairway provides a way to the valley below Wentworth Falls.It was built around 1906 by workers who used
24、all kinds of different tools.Along a great part of this track is the amazing waterfalls which hikers(远足者) pass by, through, and over.These include the Empress Falls.This is a wonderful waterfall in the Valley of the Waters.It goes down a series of rocks to a pool.There are stepping stones for hikers
25、 to cross the falls and some shady spots where tired travelers can rest.In 2002 the National Parks and Wildlife Service started repair work on the National Pass.This work took several years and the project was awarded recognition from UNESCO(United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organi
26、zation) and the National Trust of Australia.It is worthwhile to choose a guided tour package for the National Pass.The walk costs around $135 per person and requires good health and physical condition.It takes the hiker through valleys, thick forests and ends with a lovely picnic lunch.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明
27、文。文章介绍了澳洲蓝山国家公园的国家山口步行小道。8What do we learn about the National Pass?AYou can finish it in one or two hours.BIt is a track that is close to Sydney.CYou can get there on foot only.DIt ends where it begins.D解析：细节理解题。由第一段中的It is a circular walking track of 4.4km.可知，国家山口步行小道是一条环形路线。9Which of the following
28、 best describes the Grand Stairway?AIt is under the valley below Wentworth Falls.BIt was built with the help of UNESCO.CIt is the longest stairway in Australia.DIt has a history of over one century.D解析：细节理解题。由第二段中的It was built around 1906 by workers who used all kinds of different tools.可知，大阶梯有一百多年的
29、历史了。10What will be exciting for a traveler?AThe clear pools near the track.BThe waterfalls along the track.CThe traditional native culture.DThe beautiful rocks on the mountains.B解析：细节理解题。由第三段中的Along a great part of this track is the amazing waterfalls which hikers(远足者) pass by, through, and over.可知，
30、一路上的瀑布会让旅行者感到激动。11What should hikers know about the track?AThey must be strong enough to walk it.BSome parts of it are quite dangerous.CIt is being repaired at the moment.DMeals are sold during the walk.A解析：推理判断题。由最后一段中的requires good health and physical condition.可知，步行者应该知道，他们必须足够强壮才能完成这里的旅行。 七选五Acc
31、ording to medical experts, people do not need food as much as they need water.If you are in good physical shape, you are likely to survive longer.In fact, the body stores fat and other forms of energy.The fatter you are, the more fat your body can store.1._The survival time without food also depends
32、 on how fast a person burns food.Those who use up food energy faster will probably not survive as long as those who burn food energy more slowly.Climate also plays an important role in it.2._ However, hot climate allows you to go on longer without replacing food.3_ It may lead to physical weakness o
33、r confusion.After many weeks without food, your body organs can fail one after another.Even so, people can still survive without food for up to two months as long as they have enough to drink.However, living without water can be a very different story.Every minute, we lose water through breathing an
34、d other activities.The water that our bodies lose must be replaced so that our organs can work properly.4._ Otherwise, we may suffer a heat stroke(中暑)Dehydration(严重脱水) can lead to many illnesses.In the beginning, you may just suffer a dry mouth or a fast heartbeat.5._ Therefore, you should never go
35、on without water for a day or more.AWater helps us cool down in the heat.BHowever, we cant live long without water.CThat is why fatter people can survive longer.DCold weather makes you use up more energy.EEating too much is not necessary in our daily life.FBut a few weeks later, you may be in a stat
36、e of shock.GEating too little causes your body to react in some special ways.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要指出了相比于食物，人们存活更需要水。人体内可以存储一些脂肪和能量备用，而呼吸和其他身体活动却随时随地在消耗人体内的水分。1C解析：此空设于段尾，与上文存在逻辑上的指代关系。本句中的That指代的是前一句中提到的The fatter you are, the more fat your body can store.。2D解析：此空设于段中，是对前一句的进一步解释。此句和后一句都是对前一句的进一步解释。前一句指出，气候在人们存活的过程中扮演着很重要的角色，此句和后一句分别提出冷天气和炎热的气候是如何具体影响的。3G解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。此句提出，吃得太少会使身体作出一些特殊的反应，接着后文再具体描述这些反应。4A解析：此空设于段中，与后文存在转折关系。本段主要是讲缺水可能会带来的后果。后一句句意为“否则，我们可能会中暑。”由此可推测，此句是提出水可以使我们在炎热的天气凉快下来。5F解析：此空设于段中，是对第一句的进一步解释。第一句指出，严重脱水可以导致很多疾病，接着提出了刚开始的后果。所以可推测，此句是表明几周后，你可能会处于休克状态。
