1、介词和连词1. Its said that Johnson will be promoted to senior manager next week. Cool! He is well suited to the role _ his years of hard work and experience.A. by virtue of B. by order of C. in case of D. in favour of【答案解析】 A【详解】考查介词短语。句意：据说Johnson下周会被提拔为总经理。太好了。因为多年的努力工作和经历，他非常适合这个职位。A. by virtue of因为，由
2、于；B. by order of奉之命；C. in case of以防；D. in favour of赞成。根据“He is well suited to the role ”可知，他因为多年的努力工作和经历很适合这个职位。符合语境，故选A项。2. Their modern style home seems oddly_among the towns old farmhouses.A. out of balance B. out of control C. out of style D. out of place【答案解析】 D【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：他们的现代风格的家在镇上的旧农舍中
3、显得很不相称。A. out of balance失去平衡；B. out of control失去控制；C. out of style过时的；D. out of place不合适的，不相称的。结合上文Their modern style home seems oddly可知现代风格的家在镇上的旧农舍中显得很不相称（out of place）。故选D。3. I truly believe that success should be defined _ health and happiness.A. in view of B. in terms of C. in line with D. in s
4、ympathy with【答案解析】 B【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我坚信成功应该用健康和幸福来定义。A. in view of鉴于；B. in terms of在方面、从角度；C. in line with符合；D. in sympathy with赞成。根据“health and happiness”可知此处表示“从角度”，故B项正确。4. In the librarys warehouse, robots would manage stock and fetch books _.A. on board B. on watch C. on demand D. on occasion【答
5、案解析】 C【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在图书馆的仓库里，机器人会管理库存和按需取书。A. on board在火车(或轮船、飞机)上； B. on watch警戒，值夜；C. on demand一经要求；承索； D. on occasion偶尔；间或；有时。根据robots would manage stock and fetch books，结合常识，可知这里意思是“按需取书”，故选C。5. In the librarys warehouse, robots would manage stock and fetch books _.A. on board B. on watch C. o
6、n demand D. on occasion【答案解析】 C【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在图书馆的仓库里，机器人会管理库存和按需取书。A. on board在火车(或轮船、飞机)上； B. on watch警戒，值夜；C. on demand一经要求；承索； D. on occasion偶尔；间或；有时。根据robots would manage stock and fetch books，结合常识，可知这里意思是“按需取书”，故选C。6. Local police said a large number of civilians are among the victims and ma
7、ny of the bodies were reportedly burned _.A. beyond control B. beyond descriptionC. beyond repair D. beyond recognition【答案解析】 D【详解】考查介词短语。句意：当地警方表示，遇难者中有大量平民，据报道，许多尸体被烧得面目全非。A. beyond control 无法控制；B. beyond description 无法形容；C. beyond repair 无法修理；D. beyond recognition 面目全非。分析句子，前句提到遇难者大部分是贫民，有些尸体被火烧过
8、。应该是烧的面目全非。故选D项。7. _ the severe traffic pressure, many city authorities have started to restrict the use of private vehicles.A. By means of B. In terms of C. With regard to D. In response to【答案解析】 D【详解】考查介词词组。句意：为了应对严重的交通压力，许多市政当局已经开始限制私家车的使用。A. By means of通过；B. In terms of根据；在方面；C. With regard to至于
9、；对于；D. In response to对做出反应。根据句意可知，政府限制私家车是为了缓解交通压力，in response to符合句意。故选D。8. The new product is beyond all praise and has quickly taken over the market _ its superior quality.A. in terms of B. on account ofC. on behalf of D. on top of【答案解析】 B【详解】考查介词短语。句意：这款新产品很快获得了极高的赞扬，并且因其超级好的质量而迅速占领了市场。A. in ter
10、ms of就而言；B. on account of由于；C. on behalf of代表；D. on top of在顶端。商品能够迅速占领市场，是由于超级好的质量，所以前后是因果关系。故B选项正确。9. This meeting room is a non-smoking area. I would like to warn you _ that if you smoked here you would be fined.A. in advance B. in detailC. in total D. in general【答案解析】 A【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个会议室是无烟区域。
11、我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟，会被罚款。A. in advance提前；B. in detail详细地；C. in all总共，总计；D. in general大体上，笼统地。根据句意可知，此处用in advance“提前”符合语境。故选A项。10. The artists staged music and dances with Nantong features at the folk festival, winning applause_.A. at will B. at random C. at intervals D. at odds【答案解析】 C【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：
12、艺术家们在民间艺术节上表演了南通特色的歌舞，不时地赢得阵阵掌声。A. at will任意地；随意地；B. at random随机的；C. at intervals间或；不时；D. at odds有分歧；不一致。根据句意，表演不时地赢得掌声。故选C。11. When a bird spots a hunter, _ just flying away, it calls out in alarm and warns other birds.A. regardless of B. other than C. instead of D. rather than【答案解析】 C【详解】考查介词词组辨析。
13、句意：当一只鸟发现了一个猎人，不是飞走，而是会发出警报，警告其他的鸟。A. regardless of不管，不顾；B. other than不同于；C. instead of代替； D. rather than而不是。根据空格后一句“it calls out in alarm and warns other birds.”（ 它就会发出警报，警告其他的鸟。），可判断鸟儿没有飞走，“instead of”（是而不是）符合句意，故选C。12. 5G has faster data transmission, lower delay and stronger mobility _ the conve
14、ntional 4G.A. in charge of B. in contrast to C. in defense of D. in proportion to【答案解析】 B【详解】考查词组辨析。句意：与传统的4G相比，5G具有更快的数据传输速度、更低的延迟和更强的移动性。A. in charge of负责，主管；B. in contrast to与与形成对照；C. in defense of为辩护；D. in proportion to与成比例。此处是“5G与4G相比”，故选B。13. _ money spent, Chinas Singles Day of consumption ha
15、s already overshadowed predictions of Thanksgiving, Black Friday and Cyber Monday-combined.A. In honor of B. In response to C. In contrast to D. In terms of【答案解析】 D【详解】考查介词短语。句意：就消费金额而言，中国 “光棍节”的消费规模已经超过了对感恩节、黑色星期五和网络星期一的预测总和。A. In honor of向致敬；B. In response to响应，对有反应；C. In contrast to与形成对比；D. In te
16、rms of依据；按照；根据句意可知，此处是就消费金额而言，故选D。14. Try to buy less_unnecessary shopping could become another source of pressure to the environment.A. though B. unless C. because D. before【答案解析】 C【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：尽量少购物，因为不必要的购物可能会对环境造成压力。A. though虽然；尽管；然而；B. unless除非；除之外；C. because因为；D. before在之前。分析句子可知，过多的购物从而产生的垃圾
17、会对环境造成一定的影响，两者之间是因果关系，因此需选择表示因果的连词。故选C。15. _ the content of this letter can be confidential; security is an issue that you must address.A. Although B. Since C. Unless D. After【答案解析】 B【详解】考查从属连词辨析。句意：因为这封信的内容是保密的，安全性是您必须解决的问题。A. Although尽管；B. Since因为；C. Unless除非；D. After在之后。分析句子可知，前后句为从属关系，前句是后句的原因，因
18、为信得内容是保密的，所以必须保证安全性，故用引导原因状语从句的从属连词。故选B项。【点睛】从结构上说，英语连接词分两大类：并列连词（coordinating conjunctions）和从属连词（subordinating conjunctions）。并列连词连接两个或两个以上地位平等的字、词组或分句。从属连词连接两个或两个以上的分句，形成复杂句中的从属分句。从属连词是连词的一种，从属连词这种连词是用以引导名词性从句和状语从句的。连词通常引导一个从句，修饰主句。 由从属连词所引导的句子叫从句，而含有从句的句子叫作复合句。从属连词大致可分为两大类：、1、名词性从句里的从属连词：that （无词义
19、，不做成分），if、whether （表达是否的意义，但不做句子成分）；2、状语从句里的从属连词：before、after、since、if、because、though等。16. China is playing a key role in controlling the virus. However, it will take long and much effort _ it is under control.A. until B. after C. before D. unless【答案解析】 C【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：中国在控制病毒方面发挥着关键作用。 但是，需要很长时间并付出很
20、大努力才能控制住它。A. until直到时；B. after在之后；C. before在之前，在（一段时间 ）之后才；D. unless除非，如果不。before的基本含义是“在之前”，又可以根据不同语境灵活翻译成 “才”、“还没来得及就”、“就”等。before在这里引导时间状语从句，可译为“才”。故选C。17. _the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.A. UntilB. UnlessC. OnceD. Although【答案解析】 C【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：一旦农田被毁坏，将需要
21、许多年的时间才能得以恢复。A. until到为止，直到才，在以前；B. unless如果不，除非；C. once一旦，一经便；D. although虽然，然而，尽管。前后是时间先后关系，故选C。【点睛】本题考查连词在句子中的应用，要先了解每个选项的意思，然后在具体语境中选出合适的选项。选项中词语都是引导状语从句的连词，学生需要分析其在句中作何种状语从句并结合语境分析。18. There are other languages that sound extremely different, _ they are conveying the same meaning.A. as though B.
22、 in case C. so that D. even though【答案解析】 D【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：还有其他一些语言听起来大不相同，尽管它们表达的意思是一样的。A. as though 好像；B. in case 以防万一；C. so that 因此，以便；D. even though 尽管。根据句意可知，逗号前后两个句子构成让步关系，该空意为“尽管”， even though 意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句 they are conveying the same meaning，符合句意及语法结构。故选D项。19. Pick yourself up. Courage is d
23、oing _ you are afraid to do.A. whether B. which C. how D. what【答案解析】 D【详解】考查从属连词辨析。句意：振作起来，勇气就是做你害怕做的事。A. whether是否；B. which 哪一个；C. how怎样；D. what什么。根据句意及句子结构可知，Courage is doing后跟宾语从句，而宾语从句中缺少宾语，且意为“.的事情”，应用连接代词what。故选D项。20. I cant figure out why some foreigners must go out_staying at home is the safest way during the outbreak of the virus.A. until B. before C. unless D. when【答案解析】 D【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：我不明白为什么一些外国人必须出门，当在病毒爆发期间呆在家里是最安全的方式的时候。A. until直到；B. before在之前；C. unless除非；D. when当的时候。根据句意及常识可知，此处引导时间状语从句，意为“当在病毒爆发期间呆在家里是最安全的方式的时候”。故选D。
