1、考前提分必刷题(九)对应学生用书(单独成册)第227页.单词拼写1From now on，I will work harder and focus my attention on my study.2Youll regret sooner or later，if you always make decisions without careful thought.3His boss was satisfied with his job and decided to give him an important job.4If you come to my city，Ill entertain yo
2、u with a good performance and delicious food.5Hearing his convincing explanation about his absence from school，the teacher agreed to give him a second chance.6Though he is young，he is struggling(拼搏)to support a large family.7Please write down your name，age and occupation(职业)here.8The specialists wil
3、l make comments(评论)on your works.9We should nevercontent(满足)ourselves with what we have learned.10Shes fortunate(幸运的)enough to have very good health.单句语法填空1Unless children believe they can succeed，they will never become confident(confidence)2He tricked her into marrying him by pretending that he was
4、 rich.3The heavy snow lasted for a week，causing(cause)a serious traffic confusion in the area.4He is a very cautious(caution)man；he always thinks carefully before he makes a decision.5For our homework tonight，we have to write a description(describe)of the street where we live.熟词生义(根据语境写出加黑词的词性及词义)1e
5、xpand(熟义：v.扩大，扩张)He expanded on his new theory.v.充分阐述2experience(熟义： U 经验)The best of a Kilimanjaro experience，in my opinion，isnt reaching the top.C经历3fail(熟义：v.失败)Words fail me right at the sight of this beautiful scenery.vt.有负于4favor(熟义：n.恩惠，善行)Of the two possible plans I favor the first.v.支持，喜欢5f
6、ill(熟义：v.填满)His answer did not fill our need.vt.满足.重点句式1这个周日你有空吗？如果有，我们去野营吧。(省略) Will you be free this Sunday？If_so，lets go camping.2正如我们所期待的那样，他们及时地来帮助我们。(as)As_was_expected，they came to help us in time.3那场大火持续了近一周，没有剩下什么值钱的东西。(v.ing短语作状语)The fire lasted nearly a week，leaving_nothing_valuable对应学生用书
7、(单独成册)第228页.阅读理解A(2020开封一模)Cattle manure(粪肥)has become one of the worlds greatest environmental killers，but one Dutch artist is using chemistry to turn it into something that is both ecofriendly and valuable.In recent years，scientists around the world have made great progress in their attempts to re
8、cycle cattle manure，including turning it into natural fertilizer，but the artist Jalila Essadi in Eindhoven didnt think they were efficient enough to solve the global manure problem.So she started on her very own solution，one that approached animal waste as a valuable material that could be processed
9、 into useful products.She started by separating the waste，with the dry manure used to get pure cellulose(纤维素)from the grass that cows eat.From the wet manure，she got acids used to create a natural liquid plastic which was used to make fibers that are later turned into fabric(material used for making
10、 clothes)This new material was named Mestic，from mest，the Dutch word for manure.Essadi claims that it has the same function as plastic from fossil fuels，but is biodegradable(可生物降解的)Better yet，the degradability can be dealt with in the lab，making it possible to create materials that last for differen
11、t periods of time depending on their purposes.“This is not the first time scientists have been looking for ways to solve the manure problem，but it is the first time manure has been considered as a valuable resource，”the Dutch artist said.Last year，Jalila Essadi partnered the city of Eindhoven to pro
12、duce a fashion show using Mesticbased fabrics.Her Mestic collection was so impressive that clothing giant H&M awarded her the Global Change Award and a $1 million prize.And cow manure is just the beginning of Jalila Essadis experiments with animal waste.“After cows，well deal with pigs and other anim
13、als，” she said.语篇类型说明文主题语境人与自然环境保护牛粪的作用语篇解读本文主要介绍了荷兰艺术家Jalila Essadi利用化学反应，将牛粪转变成做衣服的材料。1Why has the author written the text?ATo suggest practical ways to deal with cattle manure.BTo advertise some clothes made by a Dutch company.CTo introduce how an artist turns cow manure into clothing material.DT
14、o persuade people to purchase products made from manure.解析：写作目的题。根据第一段中的“but one Dutch artist is using chemistry to turn it into something that is both ecofriendly and valuable”和下文的内容可知，作者写作本文的目的在于介绍一位荷兰艺术家是怎样将牛粪转变成做衣服的材料的，故选C。答案：C2Which is the correct order of making Mesticbased clothing?AAcidsliqu
15、id plasticmanurefabricfibersclothing.BManureacidsliquid plasticfibersfabricclothing.CLiquid plasticmanurefabricfibersacidsclothing.DFibersmanureacidsfabricliquid plasticclothing.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“From the wet manure，she got acids used to.turned into fabric(material used for making clothes)”可知，B项的顺序是
16、做以Mestic为原料的衣服的过程，故选B。答案：B3What do we know about Mestic?AIts smell is rather terrible.BIt is made from fossil fuels.CIts name has a Dutch origin.DIt can only be made in the lab.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“This new material was named Mestic，from mest，the Dutch word for manure.”可知，Mestic这个材料的名字来源于荷兰语中的mest这个单词，
17、故选C。答案：C4What do Jalila Essadis words in the last paragraph mean?ASomething more needs to be done about cow manure.BShe will switch to other animals waste in the future.CWhat experiments to do next really puzzles her.DThe future of fashionable clothing is optimistic.解析：细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句中的“After cows，w
18、ell deal with pigs and other animals”可知，Jalila Essadi在未来会将关于动物粪便的实验转向猪和其他动物，故选B。答案：B词汇积累：Para.1：ecofriendly adj.环保的Para.2：fertilizer n肥料Para.5：partner v做搭档，结成伙伴难句分析：From the wet manure，she got acids used to create a natural liquid plastic which was used to make fibers that are later turned into fabr
19、ic(material used for making clothes)(Para.3)分析：“which was used to make fibers”为定语从句，修饰先行词a natural liquid plastic；“that are later turned into fabric”为定语从句，修饰先行词fibers。译文：她从湿粪中得到了酸，这种酸被用来制造一种天然的液态塑料，这种液态塑料被用来制造后再被转变成布料(用来做衣服的材料)的纤维。B(2020南昌NCS20200607项目联考)The remains of an ancient ape(猿)found in a Ba
20、varian clay site recently caught peoples eye.According to scientists，they may renew peoples opinion on when humans ancestors began standing upright.An international team of researchers said the fossilized skeleton of a male ape that lived in the humid forests of what is now southern Germany bore a s
21、triking resemblance(相似之处)to modern human bones.In a paper published by the journal Nature，they concluded that the previously unknown speciesnamed Danuvius guggenmosicould walk on two legs but also climb like an ape.The findings“raise fundamental questions about our previous understanding of the evol
22、ution of the great apes and humans，”said Madelaine Boehme，who led the research.The question of when apes could walk on two legs has fascinated scientists since Charles Darwin first argued that they were the ancestors of humans.Previous fossil records of apes with an upright movefound in Crete and Ke
23、nyadated only as far back as 6 million years.These apes are called Touma.Boehme，along with researchers from Bulgaria，Canada and the United States，examined more than 15，000 bones recovered from the archaeological remains.Among the remains they were able to piece together primate(灵长目动物)fossils belongi
24、ng to four individuals that lived 11.62 million years ago.The most complete，an adult male，likely stood about 1 meter tall，weighed 31 kilograms and looked similar to modernday bonobos，a species of the chimpanzee.Like humans，Danuvius had an Sshaped backbone to hold its body upright while standing. Unl
25、ike humans，though，it had a powerful big toe that would have allowed it to grab branches with its foot easily.Fred Spoor，a paleontologist at the Natural History Museum in London，called the fossil finds “fantastic” but said they would likely be denied or suspected by others，not least because they coul
26、d challenge many existing ideas about evolution.语篇类型说明文主题语境人与社会考古发现科学家发现了古猿遗骨语篇解读本文主要介绍了科学家新发现的古猿遗骨的相关情况，并指出这可能会刷新人们关于人类的祖先在何时开始直立的观点。5Where did the scientists find the bones?AGermany.BBulgaria.CKenya. DBrazil.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the fossilized skeleton of a male ape that lived in the humid forests of
27、what is now southern Germany”可知，科学家在德国发现了古猿遗骨，故选A。答案：A6What can we infer about Danuvius?AIt could make Sshaped tools.BIt was a species of the chimpanzee.CIt lived in Crete and Kenya.DIt existed much earlier than Touma.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Previous fossil records of apes with an upright movefound in Cret
28、e and Kenyadated only as far back as 6 million years.These apes are called Touma.”和第五段中的“Among the remains they were able to piece together primate fossils belonging to four individuals that lived 11.62 million years ago.”可推知，Danuvius生活的时期比Touma早得多，故选D。答案：D7How does Spoor feel about the finding?AIt
29、offers further support for the theory of evolution.BIt may cause much debate.CIt is a fantastic finding.DIt denies the previous ideas.解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“they would likely be denied or suspected by others”可推知，Spoor认为这项发现可能会引起很多争议，故选B。答案：B8Which of the following would be the best title for the text?ATh
30、e Secrets Revealed from FossilsBLegend of Humans AncestorsCFindings Against the Theory of EvolutionDThe Oldest Example of Upright Ape Found in a Bavarian Clay Site解析：标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了一项考古发现，通读全文内容可知，第一段概括了全文的主要内容，由此可知，D项最适合作本篇文章的标题。答案：D词汇积累：Para.1：remains n剩饭菜；遗址；遗骸catch sb.s eye吸引某人的注意renew v更换；更新Para.
31、2：fossilize v使变成化石，石化skeleton n骨骼；骨架humid adj.湿热的bear v显示；带有striking adj.引人注目的；显著的；异乎寻常的Para.3：fundamental adj.根本的；十分重要的；基本的Para.4：fascinate v深深吸引fascinating adj.迷人的；极有吸引力的Para.5：modernday adj.现代的Para.7：find n发现物not least特别，尤其难句分析：An international team of researchers said the fossilized skeleton of
32、a male ape that lived in the humid forests of what is now southern Germany bore a striking resemblance to modern human bones.(Para.2)分析：本句是一个主从复合句。句中said后的内容为省略了that的宾语从句；宾语从句的主干为“the fossilized skeleton of a male ape bore a striking resemblance to modern human bones”，而“that lived in the humid fores
33、ts of what is now southern Germany”是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a male ape。译文：一个国际研究者团队说，生活在现在德国南部湿热森林中的雄猿的化石骨骼酷似现代的人类骨骼。更上层楼语篇与命题(一)分析历届阅读理解题，可以发现命题者命制的考点是有一定规律的，且考点规律常与某种题型(主旨大意题、细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题等)相对应。如果考生掌握了这些规律，就能在第一遍快速阅读短文时，敏锐地捕捉到考点并能预测可能会出的题型。下面，将这些考点的规律及对应题型归纳如下：考点规律(1)举例子、打比喻处常考为了使自己的观点更明确、更有说服力，作者经常用具体的事例打比方，句中常由as，such as，for example，for instance等引导的短语或句子作为举例，这些例句或比喻成为命题者提问的焦点。考生需注意的是例子或比喻一般是和文章或段落中心紧密相关的，常以“细节事实型”题型和“推断型”题型出现，但倾向于“推断型”题型。考点规律(2)引用人物论断处常考作者为了正确表达出自己的观点或使论点更有依据，常常引用某名人或文中某人的话、最新发明/现作为论证，命题人常常在此处设题，多以“推理判断题”为主，有时也会设置“细节理解题”，如阅读理解A中的第4题，B中的第7题。
