1、2019年人教高考英语一轮练习题：必修3U5含答案一、阅读理解。In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to work longer than those who dont. About 65% of American men aged 6274 with a professional degree are in the workforce(劳动人口), compared with 32% of men who only finish high school. This gap is part of a d
2、eepening divide between the welleducated wealthy and the unskilled poor. Rapid technological advance has raised the incomes of the highly skilled while squeezing those of the unskilled. The consequences, for individuals and society, are profound.The world is facing an astonishing rise in the number
3、of old people, and they will live longer than ever before. Over the next 20 years the global population of those aged 65 or more will almost double, from 600 million to 1.1 billion. The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿) translated into more years in retirement rather than mo
4、re years at work, has persuaded many observers that this shift(变化) will lead to slower economic growth, while the swelling(渐增的) ranks of pensioners will create government budget problems.Policies are partly responsible. Many European governments have abandoned policies that used to encourage people
5、to retire early. Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement. But the changing nature of work also plays a big role. Pay has risen sharply for the highly educated, and those people continue to reap(获得) rich rewards into old age because these days the educated elderly are mor
6、e productive than the preceding(先前的) generation. Technological change may well reinforce(强化) that shift: the skills that complement(补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了在发达国家有专业技能的人的工作年限更长及其原因分析。1What is the common phenomenon in the w
7、orkforce in rich countries?AYounger people are replacing the elderly.BWelleducated people tend to work longer.CPeople with no college degree cannot find any job.DUnemployment rates are decreasing year after year.B解析：细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句“In many developed countries, people who have high degrees begin to
8、 work longer than those who dont.”可知，在发达国家，受过良好教育的人的工作年限更长，故选B。2In view of the experience of the 20th century, many observers predict that Aeconomic growth will slow downBgovernment budgets will decreaseCmore people will try to receive higher educationDthere will be more competition in the job marke
9、tA解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“The experience of the 20th century, when greater longevity(长寿) . pensioners will create government budget problems.”可知，选A。3According to the text, what is the result of policy changes in European countries?AUnskilled workers may choose to retire early.BMore and more people have
10、to go abroad to hunt for jobs.CPeople may be able to use computers to do more complicated work.DEven wealthy people must work longer to live comfortably in retirement.D解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段的第三句“Even the betteroff must work longer to have a comfortable retirement.”可知，欧洲国家政策的变化导致富有的人也必须工作更长时间才能过上舒服的退休生活，故选D
11、。4The underlined word “knowhow” in the last paragraph probably refers to “ ”Aa completely different environmentBpractical knowledge and technical skillsCa better understanding of policy changesDthe courage to face difficulties and dangersB解析：词义猜测题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Technological change may well reinforce(
12、强化) that shift: the skills that complement(补充) computers, from management knowhow to creativity, do not necessarily decline with age.”可知，knowhow是对skills的限定修饰，由此可推知，knowhow指相应的技能和知识，故选B。二、单句语法填空1After the typhoon, people found some tall trees, (measure) more than 10 meters, lying on the ground.答案：mea
13、suring2I live nearby. My house is within walking (distant) of the university.答案：distance3(2019天津卷书面表达)Your art skills are excellent and admirable, which leaves me a deep (impress)答案：impression4The moment he caught sight the police, the thief ran away as fast as he could.答案：of5He was listening attent
14、ively in class, his eyes (fix) on the blackboard.答案：fixed6Have you finished the report?Oh, sorry. It was so noisy in the office that I couldnt settle to writing anything.答案：down7 (surround) by the sea on three sides, modern Qingdao is considered one of the most livable cities in China.答案：Surrounded8
15、It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot easy reach.答案：within9Though we left home very late, we managed (catch) the last bus.答案：to catch10He didnt realize the love we have for our families is important he went through real hardship.答案：until三、完形填空。One day when I was 13，my family was
16、working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and _1_ a fire.We didnt see the fire _2_ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I _3_ to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in _4_ as the flames continued to rise.L
17、ittle did I know that my father had once been a(n)_5_ and knew what to do. _6_ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he _7_ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets and the sprayer，and began spraying the _8_ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind _9_，however，an
18、d with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began to stamp(踩灭) out the flames as he moved to the _10_，so that my family was able to move inch by inch toward the gate._11_ he arrived at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove _12_ the fire.Then the fi
19、re was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her _13_ eyes.After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became _14_，asking him what other jobs he had done before he _15_.Well，it turned out that he had done just about _16_ except brain surge
20、ry!He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had _17_ him to retire.My father has a blood disorder as a result of that _18_，but that hasnt stopped him from being a fulltime electrician.To all those pe
21、ople whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be _19_ of them，and remember that some day their _20_ might save your life.1A.prevented BpermittedCwitnessed Dstarted 2A.because BunlessCafter Duntil3A.wanted BmanagedCpromised Dhappened4A.anger BhorrorCexcitement Dembarrass
22、ment5A.carpenter BelectricianCfirefighter Deducator6A.Armed BSatisfiedCShared DIdentified7A.slid BfellCdashed Dwalked8A.trees BgrassCflames Dflowers9A.died off Btook onCturned out Dpicked up10A.fence BtruckCfurniture Dbucket11A.If BOnceCSince DWhile12A.through BalongCover Dacross13A.high BwideCfast
23、Dfar14A.curious BsuspiciousCconcerned Danxious15A.moved BresignedCretired Dsuffered16A.everything BnothingCsomething Danything17A.allowed BencouragedCinvited Dforced18A.fire BaccidentCattempt Dexplanation19A.afraid BproudCcareful Dashamed20A.culture BlearningCskills Dlanguages【解题导语】本文作者通过讲述火灾中父亲扑灭大火
24、的故事，告诉我们曾经在部队和做过其他危险工作的父亲将来某一天可能会用他们的技能拯救我们的生命，我们应为他们感到骄傲。【核心词汇】as a result of由于，因为(其后跟宾语)be proud of为感到骄傲1D根据该句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and _1_ a fire”可知，此处表示一场火灾开始了。D项意为“开始，使开始发生”，符合语境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允许”；witness“目击”。2D直到大火堵住了通往唯一的门的路，我们才发现大火。此处考查“not.until.”结构。3A根据语境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳过篱
25、笆，到达安全地带，可是大火包围了我们。manage“设法做成”；promise“许诺”；happen“发生”。4B由上文可知，大火包围了我们，“我”只能惊恐地看着火焰继续上升。in horror“惊恐地”；in anger“生气地”；in excitement“兴奋地”；in embarrassment“尴尬地”。5C根据第二段第一句中的“my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父亲曾经是一名消防员。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“电工”；educator“教育工作者”。6A本题考查b
26、e armed with的省略结构作状语，意为“用装备或武装”，故选A项。satisfied“满意的，满足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨认的”。7C根据语境可知，父亲应该是冲(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。8C根据上下文可知，此处指开始用水喷向火焰(flames)。9D根据语境可知，此处表示然而很快，风又变强了。pick up“变大，变强”，符合语境。die off“相继死去，先后死去”；take on“呈现，开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；turn out“结果是，证明是”。10B根据下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知
27、，父亲走向卡车。11B考查连词。A项意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；B项意为“一就，一旦”，引导时间状语从句；C项“自以来，因为，既然”；D项“当时候，尽管”。由上下文可知，此处指父亲一到达大门，就跳进了卡车里。故选B项。12A根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过。through“通过，穿过”，表示运动发生在某物的空间内；along“沿着”；over“在上面”；across“从一边到另一边，横过”，表示动作发生在物体的表面。13B根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过，火最终被扑灭了，所以母亲睁大(wide)眼睛看着父亲。14A根据下文中的“asking him what other jobs
28、he had done”可知，我们是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“怀疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(与某事)有关的，有牵连的”； anxious“焦虑的，不安的，担心的”。15C根据语境可知，我们问父亲在退休(retired)之前还做过其他什么工作。下文中的“to retire”也是提示。16A根据第三段对父亲退休前工作的描述可知，父亲做过很多事情，所以此处指除了做脑外科手术之外，父亲几乎什么都做过。everything except“除了之外什么都”符合语境。17D由上下文可知，那场事故迫使(forced)父亲退休。18B根据上下文可知，此处指那场事故(accide
29、nt)。attempt“尝试”； explanation“解释”。19Bbe proud of “为感到骄傲”符合语境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的，内疚的，惭愧的”。20C根据上文可知，此处指他们的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。四、单句改错1These students would walk there rather than to take a bus. 答案：删掉to2The old lady took lots of baggages with her. Its obvious that she needed our help. 答案：baggagesba
30、ggage3I still find it terrified to find myself surrounded by large numbers of horses. 答案：terrified terrifying4My father has a gift of playing the piano, which has a great influence on me. 答案：offor5His car knocked into the tree. Fortunately, he just got slight injured. 答案：slightslightly五、单元语法同位语从句1(2
31、019天津卷)The manager put forward a suggestion we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.答案：that2(2019浙江卷6月)A baby will come to accept the idea other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has.答案：that3The thought came to him he could use the money to help the poor.答案：that4The question the work was worth doing has not been decided.答案：whether5We havent yet settled the question we are going to spend our summer vacation this year.答案：where
