1、高中英语黄金阅读(高二版)Golden Reading for Senior Middle School Students七、教育类(1)Many instructors believe that an informal, relaxed classroom environment is good to learning and innovation. It is not uncommon for students to have easygoing and friendly relationships with their professors. The casual(随和的) profes
2、sor is not necessarily a poor one and is still respected by students. Although students may be in a subordinate(从属的) position, some professors treat them as equals. However, no matter how equal professors would like to be, they still are in a position of authority.Professors may establish social rel
3、ationships with students outside of the classroom, but in the classroom they maintain the instructors role. A professor may have coffee one day with students but the next day expect them to meet a deadline for the submission(提交评判) of a paper or to be prepared for a discussion or an exam. The profess
4、or may give extra attention outside of class to a student in need of help but probably will not treat him or her differently when it comes to evaluating school work. Professors have several roles in relation to students; they may be friends as well as teachers. Students must realize that when a teac
5、hers role changes, they must appropriately adapt their behaviour and attitudes.1. Generally speaking, relationships between students and their professors are_.A. common B. friendly C. poor D. equal2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Professors can set up good social rel
6、ationship with students outside the classroom.B. In the classroom, professors should be in a position of authority.C. Professors may treat their students differently in evaluating school work.D. If a student has good relationship with a professor, hell still have to take an exam.3. A student must le
7、arn to change his behavior and attitude when _.A. the professor invites him to have coffee together B. he is in need of helpC. the professor changes his roleD. the professor gives him extra attention4. The main subject discussed in the text is “_”. A. changing relationship B. the teacher-student rel
8、ationship C. professors authority D. students positions【答案与解析】本文从老师和学生角色变换的角度讨论了师生之间的关系。1. B。细节题。文中提到It is not uncommon for students to have easygoing and friendly relationships with their professors。而not uncommon= common。所以答案为B。2. C。推断题。根据The professor may give extra attention outside of class to a
9、 student in need of help but probably will not treat him or her differently when it comes to evaluating school work 可以知道，教授在评价学生的学习表现时，不会有什么不同，即教授会平等对待每一个学生。故C项正确。3. C。细节题，根据Students must realize that when a teachers role changes, they must appropriately adapt their behaviour and attitudes我们知道，当一个教师
10、角色发生改变的时候，学生也应相应地随之改变和适应。4. B。主旨题。本文从老师和学生角色变换的角度讨论了师生之间的关系。故答案为 B。(2)Are you carrying too much on your back at school? Im sure lots of children of your age will say “Yes”. Not only the students in China have this problem, but children in the United States also have heavy school bags.Doctors are sta
11、rting to worry that younger and younger students are having back and neck problems as a result of school bags being too heavy for them.“Its hard for me to go upstairs with my bag because its so heavy,” said Rick Hammond, an 11-year-old student in the US.Rick is among students who have common school
12、bags with two straps(带子) to carry them, but many other students choose rolling(有滚轮的) bags.But even with rolling bags, getting up stairs and buses is still a problem for children. Many of them have hurt their backs and necks because of the heavy school bags.But how much is too much? Doctors say stude
13、nts should carry no more than 10% to 15% of their own body weight(重量).Scott Batch, a back doctor, said children under Grade 4 should stay with 10%. But it is also important that older children dont stay with over 15%, because their bodies are still growing.“Children are losing their balance(平衡) and
14、falling down with their school bags,” he said.Parents and teachers are starting to tell children to only take home library books they will be reading that night. Some teachers are using pieces of paper or thin workbooks for students to take home.One of the best answers is, as some children said, to
15、have no homework at all! 1. From the passage we can know that _.A. only children in China carry too heavy school bagsB. children in other countries dont carry too heavy bagsC. both children in China and the US carry too heavy school bagsD. only children in the US carry too heavy school bags2. Childr
16、en feel it hard for them to go upstairs because _. A. they are too young B. their school bags are too heavyC. they dont know how to go upstairsD. their parents dont always go upstairs with them together3. If a child carries a heavy school bag, _.A. his back and neck will be hurtB. his head and arms
17、will be hurtC. his hands will be hurtD. his feet will be hurt4. According to the doctor, Scott Batch, if a child in Grade 5 weighs(重) about 30 kilos, the school bag he carries should not be over _.A. 5 kilos B. 3 kilosC. 5.5 kilosD. 4.5 kilos5. Some students think the best answer to this problem is
18、that _.A. they should have a little homework to do after they get homeB. their teachers had better not ask them to do any homeworkC. they should only take home library books they will read that nightD. they should use thin workbooks instead of thick ones 【答案与解析】这篇文章谈到了由于沉重的家庭作业导致书包超重给儿童带来的一些问题。1. C。
19、根据第1段中的Notonlythestudents.but children in the United States 可推知答案为 C。2. B。从第3段我们得知他们无法上楼的原因是因为书包太重了。3. A。文章第5段说Many of them have hurt their backs and necks because of the heavy school bags，我们便可知道一个学生如果背太重的书包，他们的后背和颈部就会受伤。4. D。根据第7段第2句可计算出问题的答案是：3015= 4.5 kilos。5. B。文章最后一句呼吁不要再有家庭作业。据此可知答案B正确。(3)Are
20、you carrying too much on your back at school? Youre not alone. Back experts in the USA were worried that young students are having back and neck problems because they are carrying too much in their backpacks (schoolbags).“It hurts my back when I run,” said Beeline Reyes, a student in Virginia. “Its
21、hard to get up the stairs with my backpack because its too heavy.”Students have to carry heavy backpacks on their backs for a whole weeks study. Beeline is one of them. They have regular backpacks with two straps(带子) to carry them, but a number of students with heavy loads have switched to rolling b
22、ackpacks. The backpacks have wheels and can roll on the ground.Shirley Parks backpack weighs 10 kilos, and she said, “Ill change to a rolling backpack because I am starting to have back pain.”How much is too much? Experts say that students should carry no more than 10 to 15 percent of their own body
23、 weight. A few students have had a good idea to lighten the load: Less homework.Doctors suggestions:Lighten the load. Take home only the books the students need that night.Wide straps are better. They can send out weight over your shoulders and be sure to wear backpacks with two straps.The heaviest
24、things should be packed closest to the back.Bend(弯曲) both knees when you pick up the pack, dont just bend the waist(腰).1. The main idea of the text is _.A. the problems made by rolling backpacksB. the goodness of backpacksC. the best backpacks for students2. From what Eglin Reyes and Shirley Park sa
25、id, we know _.A. students have to carry heavy backpacksB. students have to do homeworkC. backpacks with wheels are bad for studentsD. students have no time to play because of homework3. By the words of the experts, its better for a student of 40 kilos to carry a backpack of at most _.A.10 kilos B. 8
26、 kilos C. 6 kilos D.7 kilos4. If students follow the doctors suggesting, they _.A. may do less homeworkB. may feel their backpacks are lighterC. can learn how to enjoy themD. will know how to use backpacks【答案与解析】本文讲述的是由于学校作业太多，学生上学时要背太多东西，背部容易受伤的问题。1. C。读完全文我们可以知道文章讲的都是最适合和最好的书包，而不是由于书包的滑轮而带来的问题或书包的
27、好处。由此可知答案。2. A。通过Eglin Reyes and Shirley Park说的，我们可以知道什么？Eglin Reyes说背着书包上楼很困难，是因为它太重了。而Shirley Park 的书包重10公斤。我们可得知学生不得不背很重的书包。3. C。专家认为一个40公斤的学生最多能背多少公斤的书包？文章第5段说可以背相对于学生体重10% 15%的重量。那么40公斤的学生最多背4015%=6公斤。4. D。如果学生听从专家的意见那么他们将如何呢？从专家的建议我们了解到学生如何正确使用书包以减少背部的问题。由此可知答案是 D。(4)“It hurts me more than you
28、” and “This is for your own good” these are the statements my mother used to make years ago when I had to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework. That was before we entered the permissive period in education in which we decided it was all right not to push our children to achieve thei
29、r best in school. The schools and the educators made it easy for us. They taught that it as all right to be parents who take a let-alone policy. We stopped making our children do homework. We gave them calculators, turned on the television, left the teaching to the teachers and went on vacation. Now
30、 teachers, faced with children who have been developing at their own pace for the past 15 years, are realizing weve made a terrible mistake. One such teacher is Sharon Klompus who speaks of her students “so passive” and wonders what has happened. Nothing is demanded of them, she believes. Television
31、, says Klompus, contributes to childrens passivity. “Were talking about a generation of kids whove never been hurt or hungry. They have learned somebody will always do it for them, instead of saying go and look it up, you tell them the answer. It takes greater energy to say no to a kid.” Yes, it doe
32、s. It takes energy and it takes work. Its time for parents to end their vacation and come back to work. Its time to take the car away, to turn the TV off, to tell them it hurts you more than them but its for their own good. Its time to start telling them no again. 1. Children are becoming more inact
33、ive in study because _. A. they watch TV too oftenB. they have done too much homeworkC. they have to fulfill too many duties D. teachers are too strict with them2. We learn from the passage that the authors mother used to lay emphasis on _.A. learning Latin B. disciplineC. natural development D. edu
34、cation at school3. By “permissive period in education” (L.1, Para. 2) the author means a time _.A. when children are allowed to do what they wish toB. when everything can be taught at schoolC. when every child can be educatedD. when children are permitted to receive education4. The main idea of the
35、passage is that _.A. parents should leave their children aloneB. kids should have more activities at schoolC. its time to be more strict with our kidsD. parents should always set a good example to their kids【答案与解析】如果孩子在学校接受的是宽容式教育，即不做作业、不限制看电视、把教学看成仅仅是老师的事，那么培养出来的学生会是什么样的呢？一个字“passive”。1. A。语义理解题。从第
36、3段第4句话Television contributes to childrens passivity. 可以做出正确判断。2. B。语义理解题。第1段中的 to learn Latin, clean my room, stay home and do homework就是作者妈妈的discipline。3. A。词义猜测题。从这个词组后面的内容可以看出，家长和学校都给了孩子们许多自由，也就是孩子们想干什么就让他干什么。4. C。主旨题。文章最后一句话Its time to start telling them no again 就是主题句。(5) Education is not an en
37、d, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life. In some modern countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all whether rich or poor, clever or stupid one can solv
38、e all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough; we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degree；they refuse to do what they think “low” work; and, in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirt
39、y and shameful in such countries. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor; we can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away fro
40、m our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we must be educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability and, secondly, that we can realize that
41、all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be ashamed of ones work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.1. The writer of the passage thinks that _.A. education can settle most of the worlds problemsB. free education for all probably leads to a perfe
42、ct worldC. free education wont help to solve problemsD. all the social problems cant be solved by education2. The writer wants to prove that _.A. our society needs all kinds of jobsB. our society needs free education for allC. a farmer is more important than a professorD. work with hands is the most
43、 important3. The purpose of education is _.A. to choose officials for the countryB. to prepare children mainly for their future workC. to let everyone receive education fit for himD. to build a perfect world4. The passage tells us about _ of the education.A. the meansB. the systemC. the valueD. the
44、type【答案与解析】本文为论说文。作者认为教育不是目的，而是达到目的的一种手段而已。1. D。细节题。文中说：it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. 但作者对这种说法提出了质疑(But we can already see)，故D最佳。2. A。推断题。根据we can live without education, but we die if we have no food.，我们可以推断出来，我们的社会需要各种各样的工作。3. B。推断题。根据In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life 可知B为最佳答案。4. C。推断题。根据文章第1段最后一句Our purpose is to fit them for life 以及 Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society 可知，短文主要是讲教育的价值问题。
