1、1.second only tosecond only to.仅次于 He is second only to my own son in my affections.我除了爱我的儿子，最爱他。我除了爱我的儿子，最爱他。Coffee rank second only to tea as a most popular drink.I think that,as a writer,he is second tonone.我认为我认为,作为一个作家作为一个作家,他是最好的。他是最好的。那个英国游泳选手得第二。那个英国游泳选手得第二。The English swimmer came(in)second
2、.2.bordern.边缘；边界,国界vt.vi.与.接壤，接近 on the border of在在.的边界上；将要的边界上；将要;接近于接近于,濒临于濒临于 The river lies on the border between the US and Mexico.Chinas border with Russia Her handkerchief has a lace border.Canada borders the United States.美国接界于加拿大美国接界于加拿大 The United States borders on Canada.那条河在美国和墨西哥的边境上。那条
3、河在美国和墨西哥的边境上。3.defenddefend from/against.面临危险时，采取措施抵制进攻；辩护面临危险时，采取措施抵制进攻；辩护protect.from/against.提供某种保护，来驱开不适、伤害或疾病提供某种保护，来驱开不适、伤害或疾病guard.against.注意观察、戒备注意观察、戒备，看守，看守 The cover protects the machine from dust.Physical exercise can protect you against heart disease.The castle was built in 1549 to defe
4、nd the island against invaders.The police are guarding the entrance to the embassy.4.frozen freezing be freezing cold freezing point freezing weather fresh/frozen fish You must be frozen!Come and sit by the fire.be frozen to death /be frozen dead be frozen with fear/terror/fright5.seemingly a seemin
5、gly impossible task a seemingly endless/limitless source of water They were seemingly unaware of the decision.他们似乎并不了解这个决定。他们似乎并不了解这个决定。There is seemingly nothing we can do to stop the plans.6.abundant The seas and rivers are abundant infish.这个国家天然资源丰富。这个国家天然资源丰富。The country is abundant in natural r
6、esources.an abundant supply of fresh water7.The vast majority of Canada s population of have a population of.Whats the population of.?populate vt.居住在居住在中中人口密集、稀少人口密集、稀少 be heavily/thickly/thinly/lightlypopulated人口稠密的市区人口稠密的市区 heavily/thickly populated urban areas thinly/lightly populated rural areas
7、8.thrillednot before nounnot before noun very excited,happy,and pleased be thrilled to see/hear/learn.be thrilled about/at/with.be thrilled that.a thrilling end to the story惊心动魄的；令人兴奋的；毛骨悚然的惊心动魄的；令人兴奋的；毛骨悚然的9.be known internationally for be known all over the world be famous worldwide be world-famou
8、s 10.Located in the heart of.is the Canadian National Tower,which is.be located in/near/on.位于位于=be situated.商行就在市中心。商行就在市中心。The business is located right in the center of town.坐落在学校附近，那家超市很容易找到。坐落在学校附近，那家超市很容易找到。Located near our school,the supermarket is easy to find.Its a small town located 30 mile
9、s south of Chicago(在在Chicago Chicago 向南向南3030英里英里).11.be called.for shortfor shortshort for Her names Jo its _ _ Josephine.Her names Josephine,or Jo _ _.be short of Hes disorganized,inefficient,never there when you want him-_,the mans hopeless.in short/in brief/in a word/in summary总而言之，简而言之；概括地说总而言之
10、，简而言之；概括地说short forforshort(05福建）Why didnt you buy the camera you had longed for?I had planned to.But I was 50 _.A.fewer B.less C.cheap D.short12.Montreal,and also the second largest French-speaking city in the world,Paris being the largest.独立主格结构，在句中作状语(精英 P133)1.n./pron.+doing Time/Weather permitt
11、ing,we shall start tomorrow.The decision(having been)made,the next problem was how to make a good plan.2.n./pron.+done The job finished,we went straight away.3.n./pron.+to doHere are the first two books,the third one to come out next month.4.n./pron.+非动词(n./adj./adv./prep.phrase)He entered the room,
12、his nose red with cold.Dinner over,we decided to play games.He went off,gun in hand.The workers ran out of the ship,many of them with their clothes on fire.There are 55 students in their class,most of _ are boys.There are 55 students in their class,most of them _ boys.There are 55 students in their
13、class _ most of them are boys.whom(being)and(2007，重庆25)The children went home from the grammar school,their lessons _ for the day.A.finishing B.finishedC.had finished D.were finished(2007，山东33)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft,the most recent _ at the end of last March.A.has
14、been launched B.having been launchedC.being launched D.to be launched13.be lost to Quebec,which was originally colonized by France,was lost to the British in 1763.被英国接管被英国接管 My daughter was lost to me when she married.女儿结婚之后就不再属于我了。女儿结婚之后就不再属于我了。He was lost to the world in this task.他忙于这项工作而对周围的一切漠然
15、处之。他忙于这项工作而对周围的一切漠然处之。14.cover an area of What is the area of?It has an area of 2,000 square miles.The city covers(an area of)25 square miles.They had hoped to cover 40 miles yesterday.The award should be enough to cover her tuition fees.Exercise is a word which covers a vast range of activities.He
16、was sent to Northern Ireland to cover the peace talks.15.consist of Its a simple dish to prepare,consistingmainly of rice and vegetables.由米饭和蔬菜组成consist in存在于，在于 The beauty of the plan consists in its simplicity.这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。16.the most widely recognizednatural phenomenon他被公认为是陶器(pottery)方面的权威。He wa
17、s recognized as an authority on pottery.a recognized authority on pottery a well paid job a newly built library a curiously shaped piece of wood 17.fortune seek ones fortune 找出路 make a fortune赚了一笔钱 tell ones fortune算命18.featurevt.以.为特色；是.的特色博物馆的展品博物馆的展品突出介绍突出介绍殖民时代的绘画。殖民时代的绘画。The museums exhibits fe
18、atures paintings of colonial times.The new movie features/stars two of my favorite actors.这部新片由我最喜爱的两位演员主演。这部新片由我最喜爱的两位演员主演。feature/show a film放映影片放映影片19.outdoor enthusiasts a baseball/sports _ You dont sound very _ about the idea.Employers showed little _ for the new regulations.an enthusiast for s
19、th.enthusiastenthusiasticenthusiasm20.due to the large amount of immigrationimmigrationu外来的移民,移居入境immigrantc外来移民emigrationu移民出境,侨居emigrantc移居外国者21.cater to every shopping needcater to/for 满足，投合电视必须迎合各种人的口味。TV must cater to different tastes.It is the kind of movie that caters to boys.Phrases:second o
20、nly to Russia defendfrom/against be abundant in be located in for short/be short for be lost to the British be home to cover an area of on the football pitch/field consist of/be made up of be the most widely recognized nature phenomenonPhrases:be shaped like seek one fortune a handful of people go(p
21、erfectly)with award Canada the honor of being the best country to live in outdoor recreation(His only recreations are drinking beer and watching football.)throughout/all through the year due to the large amount of immigration enjoy the comforts of homeReading Strategysorting out information1.What to
22、 sort out:Information about four cities/the whole country Information about nature/tourist attractions2.How to sort them out:making a table with different headingsCategoryDescriptionLocationSize and populationGeographyMajor CitiesOther interestHistorySymbolThe Arctic,the USA;the Atlantic,the Pacific
23、Second largest;30 millionFrozen wastes,mountain ranges,open plains,rivers and forestsToronto,Montreal,Vancouver,EdmontonNiagara FallsGold rush in 1896Maple leafHow to write about a country?Functional sentences1.Sentences to describe the locationCanada has vast areas of,from,where,towith.,whichOn the
24、 eastern and western boundaries,the country bordersLocated in the heart of Toronto is,whichSmaller in size,but equally famous,is the city of Vancouver in the province of BC on the Pacific coast.2.Sentences to describe geography:Within this huge country,there are _ wastes,_ mountain ranges,_ open pla
25、ins,_ rivers and _ forests.vastfrozenenormouscountlessseemingly endless3.Beautiful scenery is just one of the treasures Canada has to offer.承上启下，过渡自然4.The vast majority of Canadas population of about 30 million people is urban.介绍人口，句式简单但信息量大5.You will be thrilled by-all known internationally for the
26、ir metropolitan lifestyle,beautiful architecture and unique culture.高度概括四座城市的共性主题句Sentences with participles1.Rising 553 meters into the sky,it is the tallest tower in the world.2.Montreal is also the second largest French-speaking city in the world,Paris being the largest.3.There are old,all alongs
27、ide glass and steel and concrete skyscrapersreaching upwards.4.It is like an underground city,covering an area of more than 20 football pitches.5.The mall consists of eight kilometers of tunnels,filled withshops,art galleries and even a water park.6.There are many museumsshowing what life was like b
28、ack then.Long sentences1.As a modern city,Montreal has colorful nightlife,with many restaurants and clubs,as well as cultural and street festivals to ensure that no visitor is ever bored.2.Vancouver has superb scenery,a harbor and all the comforts of modern life and international cuisine,in addition
29、 tobeing close to the most popular wilderness and ski areas.Inversion and ellipsis1.Located in the heart of Toronto is 2.Smaller in size,but equally famous,is 3.(As/Being)Another multicultural city,it has one of the largest Chinese populations in North America.Other sentences1.You will be thrilled by,all known internationally for their metropolitan lifestyle,beautiful architecture and unique culture.2.No visit to the west coast is complete without a stop in
