1、Section_Project原文呈现读文清障The development of Chinese charactersThe Chinese language differs from Western languages in that， instead of an alphabet， it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds.Chinese words are formed by putting together different characters.In many cases， a single charac
2、ter can also make up a word.The history of the Chinese language can be examined by looking at how these characters developed.Chinese writing began thousands of years ago.According to an ancient story, a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing.One winter day while he was hunting， he saw the track
3、s of animals in the snow and observed that the appearance of each one was different.Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects.The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects.Some characters have been simplified and others have been made mor
4、e difficult over time.However, as a whole， the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms.The character for a mountain was at first three mountaintops together.This became one mountaintop and three lines, and over time turned into the character used nowadays.Chinese character 汉字diff
5、er from 和不同，不同于differ/dIf(r)/vi.相异，有区别in that“在于，因为”，引导原因状语从句。alphabet/lfbet/n.(一种语言的)字母表，全部字母which引导的定语从句，修饰characters。stand for 代表，象征deed/did/n.行为，行动in many cases 在许多情况下make up构成writing/raItI/n.文字；文字作品according to根据，是介词短语，后跟名词作宾语。过去分词短语named Cang Jie是后置定语，修饰a man。invent v发明；创造；捏造discover 发现hunt/hn
6、t/vt.&vi.打猎，猎杀；搜寻track n踪迹appearance/pIrns/n.外观，外貌that he could .是同位语从句，解释说明idea的具体内容。represent/reprIzent/vt.代表；展示，描绘drawing/drI/n.绘画，绘画艺术physical adj.有形的；实物的；物质的；物理的simplify/sImplIfaI/vt.简化over time随着时间的推移；久而久之as a whole作为整体，总体上mountaintop n山顶汉字的发展第12段译文汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体或行为。中文的词语是通过
7、把不同的汉字放在一起而组成的。在许多情况下，一个单字也能构成一个词。通过研究这些汉字是如何发展的就可以考察汉语的历史了。汉字起源于数千年前。根据古代传说，一位名叫仓颉的人发明了汉字。他在某个冬日打猎时，看到各种动物留在雪中的足迹，他发现足迹的外观各不相同，接着他有了用不同形状代表不同物体的想法。最初的汉字只是表现有形物体的图画。随着时间的推移，一些汉字被简化了，而另一些则变得更加复杂了。然而，总体看来，汉字已从图画发展成了标准形式。表示“山”的汉字最初是三座山峰并列，继而变成了一座山峰和三条线，随着时间的推移，最终演变成了现在使用的字形。Not all characters were deve
8、loped from drawings of objects.Sometimes to express ideas， some characters were made by combining two or more characters together.For example， rest was made up of the characters for a man and a tree.The character prisoner was formed with a man inside a square.Other characters were developed for dire
9、ctions and numbers.It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them, for example, the characters for up and down， which are opposites of each other.Though these kinds of characters indicate meanings, one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced.Therefor
10、e， a method was developed to have one part of a character indicate the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation.Many Chinese characters used today were made this way.In the 1950s the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters and now they have widespread use in Chinas mainlan
11、d.Not all .是部分否定句式，意为“并不是所有的都”。动词不定式短语to express ideas作目的状语。combine/kmbaIn/vt.&vi.组合；(使)联合combine sth. and sth.(together)使某物与另一物结合起来combine sth.with sth.把某物与另一物相混合for example 例如be made up of 由组成/构成be formed with 由组成it为形式主语，真正的主语是to distinguish .。distinguish/dIstIwI/vt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征which are opposite
12、s .是非限制性定语从句，修饰the characters for up and down。opposite n对应物；对立面indicate/IndIkeIt/vt.显示，表示；象征，暗示shortcoming/tkmI/n.缺点，短处pronounce v发音therefore adv.因此；所以have sb./sth.do sth.让某人/某物做某事get sb./sth.to do sth.让某人/某物做某事used today作后置定语，修饰characters。in the 1950s 在20世纪50年代simplified Chinese characters 简化汉字第34段
13、译文并非所有的汉字都是由用来描绘物体而发展的。有时为了表达想法，某些汉字由两个或多个汉字联合起来而创造的。比如，“休”是由表示“人”和“树”的汉字组合而成的，“囚”字则是由人字位于框中构成的。另一些汉字则用于表示方向和数字。通过看它们的字形，很容易区别它们的意思，比如汉字“上”和“下”，其字形恰好相反。虽然这几种类型的汉字能够表意，但是它们的缺点之一是其字形不能显示怎样发音。因此便出现了一种应对之策，即汉字的一部分表意，另一部分表音。今天使用的许多汉字便是用这种方式创造出来的。20世纪50年代，中国政府推广简化汉字，现在它们已在中国大陆全面普及。The story of BrailleUsua
14、lly, when we talk about reading, we think of using our eyes to see letters written in ink on paper.However， this is not always true.For example, blind people cannot see, but they can still read books.The man who introduced blind people to reading was Louis Braille (18091852)Braille lost his eyesight
15、 at the age of three as a result of an injury.When he was ten, he went to a school for the blind in Paris.In those days, books for blind people used paper pressed against metal wire to form letters.Since the metal wire was heavy， each book weighed as much as 100 pounds.The whole system was not conve
16、nient for use.Indeed， the school library only had fourteen such books in it.In 1821, a soldier visited the school and showed the students a system for passing messages at night during times of battle.His system used paper with small, raised dots that could be felt with the fingers.Each letter of the
17、 alphabet was represented by a different pattern which consisted of twelve dots.The soldiers would drag their fingers over the raised dots to read the message.talk about 说到；谈到think of 想到；考虑ink/Ik/n.墨水，油墨however是副词，意为“然而”，表示转折关系。who引导定语从句，修饰the man。introduce .to/into把引入，介绍到。eyesight/aIsaIt/n.视力at the
18、 age of 在岁时as a result of 由于；因为；作为的结果the blind盲人；theadj.表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。press/pres/vt.(被)压，挤，推，施加压力n.报刊；新闻界；出版社；press against 压在上(压住，施压于)wire/waI(r)/n.金属丝；铁丝网动词不定式短语to form letters作目的状语。since用作连词，意为“因为”，引导原因状语从句。weigh v重达；有重量as much as 多达；和一样多convenient/knvinInt/adj.方便的be convenient for sb.对某人来说方
19、便indeed adv.事实上；的确battle/btl/n.&vi.战斗with small .fingers作定语修饰paper；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词dots。represent v代表；表示pattern/ptn/n.图案，花纹；模式，方式consist of 由组成/构成，不用于进行时态和被动语态。which引导定语从句，修饰先行词pattern。drag/dr/vt.(使劲地)拖；拉布莱叶盲文的故事第13段译文通常，当我们谈到阅读时，我们会想到用眼睛去看纸上墨水写成的字母。然而，情况并不总是这样的。比如，盲人无法看到东西，但他们仍能阅读书籍。将盲人领入阅读世界的人是路易斯
20、布莱叶(1809 1852)。布莱叶在3岁时因为受伤而失明。10岁时，他进入巴黎的一所盲人学校就读。那时候，盲人用书是用纸压在金属丝上来形成字母。因为金属丝很重，所以每本书都会重达100磅。整个系统使用起来不方便。事实上，学校图书馆也只有14本这样的书。1821年，一位士兵参观学校并向学生们展示了一种战时夜间传递信息的方法。他的方法是使用带小凸点的纸张，这些小凸点可以用手指感觉出来。字母表里的每一个字母都由12个点组成的不同形状来表示。因此士兵们可以用手指触摸凸点来阅读信息。While the students found the soldiers idea interesting， the
21、system was too difficult to be of practical use.However, young Louis Braille took the idea and worked on it.At the age of fifteen, he created a system with patterns of six raised dots representing each letter.Braille， the system for reading used today by blind people around the world， was thus born.
22、The blind can easily recognize Braille with the fingers.They can also easily write in Braille with a special typewriter.Today, it is the most common system used by blind people for reading and writing， and nearly every language, including Chinese, has its own version of Braille for its people to use
23、.while引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。too .to .太而不能practical/prktIkl/adj.切实可行的，实用的of practical use意为“实用的”，一般来说，“of抽象名词”相当于形容词，常用作表语。work on 从事with patterns of six raised dots .是由“withn.v.ing形式”构成的with复合结构，作后置定语，修饰a system。around the world 世界各地thus/s/adv.以此方式，如此；因此，从而recognize v识别；认出；认识typewriter/taIpraIt(r)/n.打字
24、机过去分词短语used by blind .作定语，修饰system。version/vn/n.版本第45段译文虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这个方法太过复杂而不实用。然而年幼的路易斯布莱叶采纳了这个想法并着手完善它。15岁时，他创造出了可以由6个凸点来表示每个字母的体系。“布莱叶盲人点字法”，这一当今被全世界盲人广泛使用的阅读体系就此诞生了。,盲人可以轻松地用手指辨别布莱叶盲文。他们也可以使用特殊的打字机，方便地用布莱叶盲文书写。今天，布莱叶盲文是最为普及的盲人阅读及书写体系，几乎每种语言，包括汉语，都有着自己的布莱叶盲文版本供盲人使用。Step 1Read the text and
25、 choose the best answers.1The Chinese language uses _ which stand for ideas, objects or deeds.AalphabetsBlettersCcharacters Ddrawings2The character for a mountain was at first _.Athree mountaintops togetherBtwo mountaintops togetherCone mountaintopDone mountaintop and three lines3_ the Chinese gover
26、nment introduced simplified Chinese characters.AThousands of years agoBIn 1950CIn 1905DIn the 1950s4In 1821 a soldier showed the students a system _.Ausing paper with small raised dotsBof practical useConly used at midnightDwidely used by the blind soldiers5The first passage is mainly talking about
27、_.Ahow the Chinese characters were inventedBhow the Chinese characters have developedChow the Chinese characters have been influenced by Western languagesDhow the simplified Chinese characters were introduced答案：15CADABStep 2Fill in each blank with only one word according to the text.The development
28、of Chinese charactersBrief introductionIn Chinese language, we use characters instead of an alphabet. Many words are formed by bining different characters. Sometimes a single character can also make up a word.OriginCang Jie, who was 2.inspired by the tracks of animals in the snow, invented the first
29、 Chinese characters. He used different shapes to 3.represent different objects.Different 4.ways/methods of forming charactersSome characters were 5.made up of two or more characters.Some were made for directions and numbers.Some characters consisted of two parts, one 6.indicating/suggesting the mean
30、ing and the other the pronunciation.Simplified Chinese charactersIntroduced in the 1950s and coming into widespread use now.The story of BrailleThe 7.inventor of BrailleNameLouis BrailleExperiencesLosing his eyesight at the age of three 8.due to an injury.Going to school for the blind at ten.Formati
31、onIts development was 9.based on a soldiers idea. Being a system with patterns of six raised dots which stand for each letter.AdvantagesBeing 10.easy/practical for the blind to recognize with the fingers and write with a special typewriter.一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.deed n行为，行动2.writing n. 文字，文字作品3.h
32、unt v. 打猎，猎杀；搜寻4.represent vt. 代表；展示；描绘5.distinguish vt. 区分，辨别；使具有某种特征6.shortcoming n. 缺点，短处7.eyesight n. 视力8.pattern n. 图案，花纹；模式，方式9.drag vt. 拖，拉10.thus adv. 以此方式，如此；因此，从而11.version n. 版本.拓展词汇1.differ vi.相异，有区别difference n差别，不同different adj.不同的，有差别的differently adv.不同地，有差别地2.appearance n外观，外貌appear
33、vi.出现；出场3.drawing n绘画，绘画艺术draw v绘画，画4.simplify vt.简化simplification n简化simple adj.简单的bine vt.& vi.组合；(使)联合combination n组合6.indicate vt.显示，表示；象征，暗示indication n征兆，迹象；指示indicator n指示者；指示器，显示器7.press vt.(被)压，挤，推，施加压力 n报刊；新闻界；出版社pressure n. 压力；挤压；压强；压迫(感)8.convenient adj.方便的convenience n方便，便利inconvenient
34、adj.不方便的9.practical adj.切实可行的，实用的practically adv.讲究实际地；从实际出发地practice n实际；练习；惯例；实习practise v实践；实习，练习1.“ing”结尾的名词集合heading标题reading 阅读；读物ending 结局，结尾finding 发现，调查的结果being 人，生物；存在spelling 拼写，拼法learning 知识，学问saying 谚语，言论writing 文字，文字作品drawing 绘画，绘画艺术2.不怕“缺点，短处”多shortcoming 缺点，短处disadvantage 缺点，劣势weakne
35、ss 弱点，缺点fault 缺点，毛病drawback 缺点，不足之处weak point 缺点，弱点3.含词根“press”的单词impress 使印象深刻express 表达，特快depress 压下，使沮丧repress 抑制，镇压compress 压缩4.语境巧记convenient派生词You can visit professor Li when it is convenient, that is, at his convenience.His house is conveniently near the bus stop.你可以在方便时拜访李教授，也就是说在他方便的时候。他家就在
36、车站附近，很方便。二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.differ from与不同，不同于2as a whole 作为整体，总体上3stand for 代表，象征4instead of 代替，而不是5turn into 变成6think of 想到7as a result of 由于8at the age of 在岁时9work on 忙于，努力改善1.Chinese writing汉字2thousands of years ago 数千年前3a man named Cang Jie 一个名叫仓颉的人4by looking at them 通过看一下它们5be made this way
37、 用这种方法造出来6a school for the blind 一所盲人学校7written in ink on paper 用墨水写在纸上的8be of practical use 实用9in the 1950s 二十世纪五十年代三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds.汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，
38、而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。in that意为“因为”引导原因状语从句，但不能放于句首。She was fortunate in_that she had friends to help her.她很幸运，因为有朋友帮她。2.Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects.并不是所有的汉字都是由用来描绘物体而发展的。Not all .“并非全都”，表示部分否定。Not_all birds fly away to the south in winter.冬天不是所有的鸟都飞往南方。3.Therefore, a method
39、 was developed to have one part of a character indicate the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation.因此便出现了一种应对之策，即汉字的一部分表意，另一部分表音。have sth.do sth.“使某物做某事”。If you cant work out this problem, you can have_your_brother_help_you.如果你解不出这道题，你可以让你的兄弟帮助你。4.While the students found the soldiers idea
40、interesting, the system was too difficult to be of practical use.虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这个方法太复杂而不实用。be ofn.相当于“beadj.”的用法。Basic research is_of_great_importance in all scientific fields.在各个科学领域里，基础研究是非常重要的。1(教材P38)The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it use
41、s characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds.汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。differ vi.相异，有区别(1)A and B differ (from each other)A与B不同differ from sb./sth.in sth. 与某人/某物在某方面不同differ with .on . 在上与不同(2)different adj. 不同的，有差异的be different from .in . 在方面与不同(3)difference n. 不同，差别tell the diff
42、erence between A and B区别A与B，说出A与B的区别make a/some/little/no difference有/有些/几乎没有/没有影响Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.世界上的事物千差万别。My brother and I are alike in appearance, but differ_in our tastes.我们兄弟俩长得很像，但爱好却不相同。We differ_with your opinion on that point.在那一点上我们和你持不同意见。Ame
43、rican English is significantly different from British English.美国英语与英国英语有很大差异。Jim, can you tell_the_difference_between this picture and that one?吉姆，你能说出这幅图画和那幅图画的不同吗？One false step will make a great difference.失之毫厘，谬以千里。stand for 代表，象征；主张，支持；忍受写出下列各句中stand for的含义。Could you tell me what VOA stands for
44、？代表People usually eat mooncakes which stand for a happy reunion.象征I want to know what she stands for before I vote for her.支持，主张I am not standing for it any longer.忍受名师点津与stand相关的其他短语：stand by 袖手旁观；支持，忠于stand out 出色，杰出；显眼，突出stand back 往后站，退后stand up 起立，站立；经得起stand aside 站到一边，置身事外stand for 代表；支持，主张st
45、and up for 支持，维护2(教材P38)Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects.接着他有了用不同形状代表不同物体的想法。represent vt.代表；展示；描述；声称(1)represent .to sb. 向某人描绘represent sth./oneself as/to be 把描绘成，自称是represent .to do sth. 代表做某事(2)representation n. 代表；描绘；陈述(3)representative adj.
46、典型的，有代表性的 n. 代表，代理人This picture represents a scene at King Arthurs court.这幅画描绘了亚瑟王法庭的一个场面。Let me represent_my_ideas_to you in another way.让我用另一种方法向你说明我的想法。The young represented_himself_as/to_be a lawyer.那个年轻人声称自己是律师。名师点津represent用来表示“代表某人/团体/政府等”，也可以表示“把某人/某物描绘成”；stand for指字母、图形或符号代表或象征某人/某物。3(教材P38
47、)However, as a whole, the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms.然而，总体看来，汉字已从图画发展为标准字形。as a whole 作为整体，总体上on the whole总的说来；大体上；基本上the whole of 全部的；全体的；所有的We must consider these matters as a whole.我们必须从整体上考虑这些事情。I analysed his words as_a_whole.我是把他的言论作为一个整体来分析的。My opinion is on_t
48、he_whole the same as yours.我的意见大体上同你的差不多。名师点津as a whole“作为一个整体；整体来说，总体上”，侧重于表示所有部分都已考虑；on the whole与generally同义，表示“大体上，总的来说”，多用来表示并非百分之百的意思。4(教材P38)Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by combining two or more characters together.有时为了表达想法，某些汉字由两个或更多的汉字联合起来而创造的。combine vt.&vi.组合；(使)联
49、合；使结合；兼备(1)combine A and/with B 把A和B结合/联合；兼有combine to do sth. 联(结)合起来做某事combine against . 为反抗而联合(2)combination n. U联合；结合；C混合体，结合体in combination with 与联合/结合(3)combined adj. 联合的，结合的The teacher asked us to combine the two short sentences to make a new sentence.老师让我们把这两个短句合成一个新的句子。We consider it necess
50、ary to_combine_work_with/and rest.我们认为劳逸结合是必要的。Efforts and confidence combine_to_make a full man.努力与信心结合造就完人。He carried on the business in combination with his friends.他与朋友们合伙做生意。名师点津combine不与together连用。5(教材P38)It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them, for example, the characters
51、for up and down， which are opposites of each other.通过看它们的字形，很容易区别它们的意思，比如汉字“上”和“下”，其字形恰好相反。distinguish vt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征(1)distinguish between .and .区别/辨别和distinguish .from . 使有别于，使具有区别于的特征distinguish oneself 使出众；使著名(2)be distinguished from 与不同，有别于be distinguished by 以为特征(3)distinguished adj. 著名的，杰出的
52、，高贵的be distinguished for/as 因/作为而著称I could not distinguish her words, but she sounded very excited.我听不清她说的话，但听得出她非常激动。At what age are children able to distinguish_between right and wrong?儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非呢？The twins are so alike that it is difficult to distinguish one from the other.这对孪生儿长得很像，很难分辨出谁是谁。H
53、e distinguished_himself by his performance in the examination.他在考试中成绩优异，因而显得突出。The male bird is distinguished from the female by its red beak.雄鸟有别于雌鸟，其喙呈红色。Hangzhou is_distinguished_for its beautiful scenery.杭州因其风景秀丽而著称。6(教材P38)Though these kinds of characters indicate meanings, one of their shortco
54、mings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced.虽然这几种类型的汉字能够表意，但是它们的缺点之一是其字形不能显示怎样发音。indicate vt.显示，表示；象征，暗示(1)indicate sth.to sb.向某人指出某物indicate that . 表明/标示indicate wh to do . 表明/指出/标示(2)indication n. 显示；表明；迹象indicative adj. 指示的；暗示的A signpost indicated the right road for us to follow.
55、一个路标给我们指出应走的正确的路。She took out a map and indicated the quickest route to us.她拿出一张地图，给我们指出最快捷的路线。The research indicates_that it may raise the speed of drawing and simplify the process.研究表明，此法可以提高成图速度，简化过程。Indications are that the situation hasnt improved much.迹象表明，情况并未有大的改观。7(教材P39)In those days, book
56、s for blind people used paper pressed against metal wire to form letters.在那时，盲人用书是用纸压在金属丝上来形成字母。press vt.(被)压，挤，推，施加压力；敦促；逼迫 n报刊；新闻界；出版社(1)press ones way through 从中挤过去press sth.on sb. 把强加于某人(2)pressed adj. 加压的，紧张的pressing adj. 紧迫的，迫切的The little girl pressed her nose against the shop window.小女孩把她的鼻子紧
57、贴在商店橱窗上。They are pressing_us_to_make a quick decision.他们正在敦促我们迅速做出决定。He pressed his way through the crowd.他从人群中挤了过去。8(教材P39)The whole system was not convenient for use.整个系统用起来不方便。convenient adj.方便的(1)be convenient to/for 对于是方便的It is convenient for sb.to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是方便的(2)convenience n. U便利，方便C便
58、利的事物for convenience 为了方便起见at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候May I come and talk with you whenever its convenient?在你方便时我能来和你谈谈吗？I live just by the market, and its_very_convenient_to_go shopping.我家就住在商场旁边，买东西很方便。Please send me an answer at_your_convenience.请你在方便时给我回信。名师点津convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，要用事物作主语或用it来充
59、当形式主语。单项填空1_ the whole school, he made an interesting speech at the meeting about how to protect the habitat of the wild animals.AReplacingBRepresentingCDividing DReflecting解析：选B句意：在会议上，他代表整个学校做了一个关于怎样保护野生动物栖息地的有趣演讲。represent“代表”，符合句意。replace“代替”；divide“分开”；reflect“反射；反映”。2To avoid being misled by n
60、ews reports, we should learn to _ between facts and opinions.Adistinguish BdisagreeCexplore Dwander解析：选A句意：为了避免被新闻报道误导，我们应该学会辨认事实和观点。distinguish“区分，辨别”，符合句意。disagree“不同意”；explore“探索”；wander“漫游”。3Is this true just in this country, or in the world _？Aas a result Bas usualCas a whole Das well解析：选C句意：只是
61、在这个国家如此呢，还是就整个世界来看都这样？as a whole“作为整体，总体上”，符合句意。as a result“结果”；as usual“和平常一样”；as well“也”。4In this day and age, women can have children and jobs as well.I cant agree more.Its great to have the two _.Alinked BrelatedCconnected Dcombined解析：选D句意：“在这个年代，妇女可以养育子女，也可以工作。”“我非常赞同，把这两者结合起来太好了。”link“连接”；rela
62、te“把联系起来”；connect“使连接，与有关联”；combine“(使)结合，联合”。5The shortage of teachers in lessdeveloped areas seems to _ that teaching there offers _ chance of advancement or pay increase.Ashow; fewBindicate; littleCsuggest; a few Dexpress; a little解析：选B根据语境，“the shortage of teachers”判断第二空为否定的推断，故用“little chance o
63、f .”由此推断第一空用indicate表示“预示着，表明”。6English differs _ Chinese greatly _ many aspects, especially in grammar.Afrom; in Bin; atCfrom; at Din; in解析：选A句意：英语与汉语在很多方面差别很大，特别是在语法方面。differ from“和不同”；differ in“在方面不同”，故选A。7Would it be _ for you to pick me up at four oclock and take me to the airport?Aunique Broug
64、hCsteep Dconvenient解析：选D句意：你是否方便在四点钟来接我，然后再送我去机场？convenient“方便的”，it is convenient for sb.to do sth.“某人做某事方便”，符合题意。unique“独特的”；rough“汹涌的；粗糙的”；steep“陡峭的；急剧的”。8He told me the red lines on the map _ newlybuilt railroads.Astand up Bstand outCstand for Dstand by解析：选C句意：他告诉我地图上的红线代表新建成的铁路线。stand for“代表，象征”
65、，符合题意。stand up“站立”；stand out“显眼，引人注目”；stand by“袖手旁观”。9What should I do next then?_ this button to start the engine.APush BPullCPress DStress解析：选C句意：“那么接下来我应该做什么？”“按这个按钮开动引擎。”press“按，压”，符合题意。push“推”；pull“拖”；stress“强调”。1The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabe
66、t, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds.汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。本句为双重主从复合句，in that引导的是原因状语从句，意为“因为”，该原因状语从句中又包含which引导的限制性定语从句。引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：(1)because/as由于，因为(2)since/when/now that 既然，因为(3)seeing/considering/given that 考虑到，既然，因为The new system is better in that it
67、 provides faster access to the Internet.新系统更好是因为它的网络连接速度更快。A gas differs from a solid in_that it has no definite shape.气体不同于固体的是它没有固定的形态。I said nothing about it because his wife was there.因为他妻子在那儿，我对此事只字未提。Seeing/Considering/Given_that its raining outside, wed better stay indoors.考虑到外面在下雨，我们最好待在室内。2
68、Therefore, a method was developed to have one part of a character indicate the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation.因此便出现了一种应对之策，即汉字的一部分表意，另一部分表音。句中have是使役动词，构成“have宾语宾补”结构，宾语是one part of a character和the other，宾补是indicate the meaning和suggest the pronunciation。have作使役动词的用法：(1)have宾语do .让做(
69、2)have宾语doing . 让一直做或处于做的状态(3)have宾语done The doctor had me take exercise for two hours every day.医生让我每天锻炼两个小时。He was busy when I visited him and had_me_waiting for half an hour.我拜访他时，他正好忙着，让我等了半小时。Tomorrow I will have my car repaired.明天，我要去修车。I had_my_wallet_stolen while I was on the subway.乘地铁时，我的钱
70、包被偷了。3While the students found the soldiers idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be of practical use.虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这个方法太复杂而不实用。句中be of practical use属于“beofn.(抽象名词)”结构。(1)of抽象名词该名词相对应的形容词。如：of (great)(very)(2)of后加表示度量、种类、形状、颜色等的名词，可用来描述人或事物的特征，在句子中可作表语或定语。如：of .size/weight/height/de
71、pth/length/age/colour/shape/kind/typeThe dictionary is of great use to us.这本词典对我们很有帮助。This is an issue of great importance to all disabled people.This is a very_important issue to all disabled people.这个问题对于所有残疾人至关重要。We dont think there is anything of_interest in your pictures.我们认为你的画并没有什么有趣的地方。The t
72、wo boys are_of_the_same_age,_but are of different heights.这两个男孩年龄相同，但身高不同。名师点津“of抽象名词”结构中，抽象名词前可用any, some, little, no, not much, great等形容词修饰，用以说明其程度；“of名词(表示度量、大小、颜色、类别等)”结构中，名词前常用a(n), the same, this, that, all, different等词修饰或说明。完成句子1我的处境有点尴尬，因为他要到10号才来。(in that) Im in a slightly awkward position
73、in_that_hes_not_arriving_until_the_10th.2他们打算多栽些树。(have sth.done)They are going to have_some_more_trees_planted.3常去图书馆对你的学习有很大的帮助。(be ofn.)Going to library often is_of_much_help to your study.4并非人人都喜欢这本书。(not的部分否定用法)Not_everyone likes this book.单词拼写1He was highly thought of because of his brave deed
74、 (行为)2We human beings have our strengths as well as shortcomings (缺点)3My method for studying English differs (区别) from yours completely.4The results indicated (显示) that the silkworms at different growing stages had about 20 proteins.5It is hard to distinguish (辨别) him from his twin brother.6She has
75、never been greatly concerned about her appearance (外貌)7Is it convenient (方便的) for you to post this letter?8Try to simplify (简明) your explanation for the children.9She represented (代表) her fellow workers at the union meeting.10We should learn to combine (结合) our business with pleasure.选词填空distinguish
76、 .from； differ from； in that； be convenient for； as a whole1Chinese differs_from English in pronunciation.2The boy is old enough to distinguish right from wrong.3She is late for work in_that the traffic is bad today.4The files can be dealt with as_a_whole.5Please send me your answer when it is_conve
77、nient_for you.一、打牢语言基础，基稳才能楼高单元语言点综合练习.单项填空1If you _ work with pleasure, you will feel pleased and happy.AjoinBcombineCconnect Dunite解析：选B句意：如果你把工作寓于快乐中，你就会觉得快乐和幸福。combine A with B“把A与B结合起来”，符合题意。join with“与合伙”；connect with“连接”；unite不与with搭配。2Graduates should do something creative in the interview t
78、o _ themselves _ other interviewees.Arefer; to Bname; afterCdistinguish; from Dattach; to解析：选C句意：毕业生应该在面试中有一些创造性的东西以使自己与其他面试者不同。distinguish .from . “使与不同”，符合题意。refer to“提到，涉及”；name after“以命名”；attach .to .“把附在上”。3Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly _ size and shape.Aon Bfr
79、omCby Din解析：选D句意：各种各样的树上都长有树叶，但树叶的大小和形状大不相同。differ in sth.为固定短语，意为“在方面不同”；differ on“有异议，有分歧”；differ form“与不同”；differ一般不与by构成固定搭配。4Have you bought a new car?Yes.But I find a bicycle is often more _ than a car in my city, especially when its delayed in a jam.Aattractive BconvenientCfluent Dfrequent解析：
80、选B句意：“你买新车了吗？”“买了。不过，我觉得在城市里自行车往往比汽车更方便，尤其是在交通拥挤的时候。”convenient“方便的”，符合句意。attractive“有吸引力的，有魅力的”；fluent“流利的”；frequent“频繁的”。5Whitecollar workers in China are willing to postpone their retirement age _ bluecollar workers prefer to retire early.Awhen BwhileCthough Dsince解析：选B句意：中国白领工人更愿意推迟他们的退休年龄；而蓝领工人
81、更愿意早退休。when“当时候”；while“在期间，而”；though“虽然”；since“自从”。故选B。6When we plan our vacation, mother often offers _ suggestions.Acareful BpracticalCoutgoing Dcurious解析：选B句意：当我们作假期计划时，妈妈经常提出一些实用的建议。practical“实用的”，符合题意。careful“仔细的”；outgoing“爱交际的；外向的”；curious“好奇的”。7The statistics clearly _ that the poverty in rur
82、al areas is less widespread than before.Adirect BindicateCmean Dsign解析：选B句意：统计显示，农村贫困的范围比以前的小了。indicate“显示，表明”，符合句意。direct“指挥，指导”；mean“意味着，意思是”；sign“标志着”。8_ doesnt always happen as we expect.Really！So we mustnt take the impossible things as our aims in case that we might be disappointed in future.AA
83、nything BEverythingCNothing DSomething解析：选B第一句句意：并不是每件事情都像我们希望的那样发生。everything与否定词连用，构成部分否定。9_， what you said agreed with the answer on the book.AAs a whole BOn the wholeCAs the whole DOn a whole解析：选B句意：你所说的总的看来与书上的答案一致。as a whole“作为整体来看”和on the whole“总的看来，总体而言”两者均为固定搭配。由句意可知B项正确。10The two pairs of
84、shoes are _ the same size.But they are different _ colour.Aof; from Bof; inCin; from Din; in解析：选B“beof度量名词”表示共同特征；be different in .“在方面不同”。.完成句子1那就是越来越多的中国人对学习英语感兴趣的原因。Thats_why more and more people in China are interested in learning English.2她数学学得好，而我则擅长语文。She does well in math while_Im_good_at_Ch
85、inese.3他们领我们参观了农场，我们在那里看到了许多漂亮的花。They showed us around the farm where_we_saw_many_beautiful_flowers.4看起来他准备过马路。It_seemed_that he was ready to cross the road.5只有你有信念，你才能被带向成功，即使一路上有很多困难。Only if you have a belief will_you_be_guided_to_success,_even_though_there_is_much_difficulty along the way.二、勤练语篇阅
86、读，多练自能生巧.完形填空If you want to learn a new language, the very first thing to think about is why. Do you need it for a _1_ reason, such as your job or your studies? _2_ perhaps youre interested in the _3_， films or music of a different country and you know how much it will help to have a _4_ of the lang
87、uage.Most people learn well using a variety of _5_， but traditional classes are an ideal (理想的) start for many people. They _6_ an environment where you can practice under the _7_ of someone whos good at the language. We all lead _8_ lives and learning a language takes _9_. You will have more success
88、 if you study regularly, so try to develop a _10_.It doesnt matter if you havent got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes _11_.Many people start learning a language but soon give up. “Im too _12_，” they say. Yes, children do learn languages more _13_ than
89、 adults, but research has shown that you can learn a language at any _14_. And learning is good for the health of your brain, too. Ive also heard people _15_ about the mistakes they make when _16_. Well, relax and laugh about your mistakes _17_ youre much less likely to make them again.Learning a ne
90、w language is never _18_.But with some work and devotion, youll make progress. And youll be _19_ by the positive reaction of some people when you say just a few words in _20_ own language. Good luck!语篇解读：本文为一篇议论文。文章就学习一门语言的原因、方法以及语言学习与年龄、犯错误之间的关系等进行了讨论。1A.technicalBpoliticalCpractical Dphysical解析：选C
91、接下来的“such as your job or your studies”是对填空部分的列举，据此可知答案为C项。practical“实际的”。2A.After BSoCThough DOr解析：选D本段讨论的是学习语言的原因，上句和本句分别给出了一种原因，显然两句之间为并列关系。or perhaps “或许”。故选D项。3A.literature BtransportCagriculture Dmedicine解析：选A根据语境可知，所填词语与接下来的“films or music”并列，被“of a different country”修饰，“films or music”为文艺方面，故
92、选A项。4A.view BknowledgeCform Ddatabase解析：选Bview“观点，看法”；knowledge“知识，了解”；form“形式，表格，形状”；database“数据库”。have a knowledge of“掌握，了解，熟知”。故选B项。5A.paintings BregulationsCmethods Dcomputers解析：选C本句为本段的主题句。上一段讨论了学习语言的原因，本段讨论的是学习方法。故选C项。6A.protect BchangeCrespect Dprovide解析：选D根据空格后的内容“an environment where .”可知，此
93、处应该表示“提供(provide)”一种环境。故选D项。7A.control BcommandCguidance Dpressure解析：选C“someone whos good at the language”对于学习者来说应是“指导”其学习，而不是“控制”“命令”或“强迫”。under the guidance of“在的指导下”。故选C项。8A.busy BhappyCsimple Dnormal解析：选A接下来讨论的是学习一门语言需要大量的时间，故选A项。句意：我们都过着忙碌的生活，而且学习一门语言需要时间。9A.courage BtimeCenergy Dplace解析：选B根据接下
94、来的“regularly, long, take years”等词语可知，学习语言需要时间。故选B项。10A.theory BbusinessCroutine Dproject解析：选C句意：如果定期学习，你会获得更多的成功，所以要努力养成习惯。根据前半句中的regularly可知应选C项。routine“例行公事；日常工作；常规，惯例”。11A.some risks Ba lot lessCsome notes Da lot more解析：选Bbut表示转折，前一句说的是需要很多时间，后一句自然说相反的情况。故选B项。12A.old BnervousCweak Dtired解析：选A句意：许
95、多人开始学习一门语言，但很快就放弃了。他们说：“我年龄太大了。”根据接下来的children和adults可知，本段讨论的是学习语言与年龄之间的关系，故选A项。13A.closely BquicklyCprivately Dquietly解析：选B根据常识可知，孩子比成年人学习语言的速度快。故选B项。14A.age BspeedCdistance Dschool解析：选A本段讨论的是学习语言与“年龄”之间的关系，故选A项。15A.worry BhesitateCthink Dquarrel解析：选A根据常识可知，学习一种语言的时候，人们一般都担心犯错误。worry about“担心”，故选A项
96、。hesitate about“对犹豫不决”；think about“考虑”；quarrel about“就争吵”。16A.singing BworkingCbargaining Dlearning解析：选D本文讨论的是学习语言的事情。“when learningwhen they are learning”。故选D项。17A.if BandCbut Dbefore解析：选B本句为“祈使句and陈述句”结构。该结构相当于一个含有条件状语从句的主从复合句，祈使句表示的是一个条件。18A.tiresome BhardCinteresting Deasy解析：选D根据上下文的信息可锁定本句句意。本句
97、为第四段的首句，起着承上启下的作用，是对上文的总结。上文讨论学习语言的诸多困难，然后通过“But with some work and devotion, youll make progress.”话锋一转，讨论学习语言的收获。故选D项。19A.blamed BamazedCinterrupted Dinformed解析：选B通过上句可知，话题转移到讨论学习语言带给你的收获你说上几句他们自己的语言，一些人的积极反应会让你“惊奇”。故选B项。20A.their BhisCour Dyour解析：选A用their指代主句中的“some people”。故选A项。.阅读理解Learning Engl
98、ish can sometimes seem like a difficult thing to do the grammar can be very confusing and spoken English seems to be changing all the time.But, it is not as hard as it seems and the most important thing for any learner to achieve is confidence with the language.If students are nervous about using En
99、glish or worried about making mistakes, they wont feel like practicing, and without practice they cannot make progress.General English courses aim to give students that confidence.Whether students are complete beginners or advanced learners, schools want them to be confident about using English by t
100、he time they finish their course.To do this, schools have developed General English courses which combine a range of different teaching methods.In class, teachers encourage to work together so that they can practice new words and grammar.They always try and make this class work interesting and fun.M
101、any schools are equipped with language labs and libraries where students can work on their own with audio tapes and video and computers.And outside the classroom, the learning continues, where students are meeting together socially, visiting local attractions, or at home with a host family.Most scho
102、ols offer General English courses which are either parttime usually 15 hours per week or fulltime, which can be as much as 40 hours.This type of course is available all year round.Students can normally start a General English course every Monday, and can study for as long as they like.Other types of
103、 General English courses may last a minimum number of days or weeks.Some of the most popular General English courses are available during the summer holiday period.These are usually parttime, and schools organize social activities for students in their free time.Some schools offer special activities
104、 like sports.General English courses also give students the chance to discover new parts of Britain.With so many schools offering this type of course, students can go almost anywhere, and while they are studying, they will have a chance to explore the countryside or towns and meet local people.Whene
105、ver they go in Britain they are assured high quality courses.语篇解读：对初学者来说，英语并不像想象中那样难学。文章对英语初学者提出了一些学习英语的建议。1If English learners are nervous about using English, _.Athey wont feel like practicingBthey wont go to EnglandCthey wont go to any language classDthey wont talk to teachers解析：选A细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“
106、If students are nervous about using English or worried about making mistakes, they wont feel like practicing”可知答案。2Teachers help students practice new words and grammar in class by means of _.Aencouraging students to work togetherBtrying and making the class work interesting and funCmaking students
107、speak in English all the timeDboth A and B解析：选D细节理解题。根据文章第三段的前两句“In class, teachers encourage to work together so that they can practice new words and grammar.They always try and make this class work interesting and fun.”可知答案。3Which of the following is NOT true?AGeneral English courses help students
108、 practice English not only in classroom but also outside the classroom.BWe can learn from the passage that there are many schools offering General English courses across Britain.CGeneral English courses are designed for beginners of English as a second language.DThe aim of General English courses is to make students confident about using English.解析：选C推理判断题。根据文章第二段的第二句“Whether students are complete beginners or advanced learners”可知C项与原文内容不符。
