1、Unit 1Friendship“A friend is one that knows you as you are, understands where you have been, accepts what you have become, and still, gently allows you to grow.”William ShakespeareFriendship is a very important human relationship and everyone needs good friends.However, it is not easy for all the pe
2、ople to make new friends, that is, for some people it is easy while for others it is not an easy job. Below are some helpful tips on how to make and keep friends.Get in touch with others. The first step to making friends is getting in touch with other people. Health clubs, places of worship and char
3、ities are some places where you can meet new people and build friendship, but attending these places is not enough, and you will need to make yourself known by becoming an active member.Be cheerful. A smile on the face is a sure way to attract (吸引) new friends as people are always likely to stay wit
4、h those with a cheerful mind. No one wants to keep company with someone who is constantly unhappy.Start a conversation. Starting a conversation is the second most important step in making new friends. Do not wait to be spoken to; you can always start the conversation. Being able to make small talk i
5、s a very useful skill in connection with other people no matter where you are.Stay in touch. For a friendship to grow you need to stay in touch. There are several ways of staying in touch with your friends and these include phone calls and online social networking sites.Do things together. Choosing
6、friends with common interests is important in building friendship as these interests would always bring you and your friends together and hanging out will always be a pleasant experience. The less you have in common with your friends, the more likely the friendship will not grow.Let it grow. It is a
7、 good thing to stay in touch but try not to choke your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and at last he or she may not want to be your friend anymore. The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.Enjoy your friendship. The best way to enjoy y
8、our new friendship is to allow your friends to be themselves. Try not to be critical of their personality and try not to change them from who they are to what you want them to be.Task: Judge the following true (T) or false (F)1According to William Shakespeare, a good friend should feel the same as y
9、ou when you are in trouble.(T)2According to the passage, not all the people are good at making new friends.(T)3To make new friends, the most important step is to keep smiles on the face.(F)4It is very important to choose friends with common interests to set up friendship.(T)5The best way to enjoy yo
10、ur friendship is to change your friend into what you are.(F)Section Warming Up & Reading.重点单词1upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的；vt.使不安；使心烦2ignore vt.不理睬；忽视3calm vt.&vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定；adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的4concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到；n.担心；关注；(利害)关系 concerned adj.担心的5loose adj.松的；松开的6series n连续；系列7outdoors adv.在户外；在野外8entir
11、e adj.整个的；完全的；全部的 entirely adv.完全地；全然地；整个地9power n能力；力量；权力 powerful adj.强大的；强有力的10dusty adj.积满灰尘的 dust n灰尘.重点短语1add_up 合计；加起来2calm (.) down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来3have_got_to 不得不；必须4be_concerned_about 关心；挂念5go_through 经历；经受6set_down 记下；放下；登记7a_series_of 一连串的；一系列；一套8on_purpose 故意9in_order_to 为了10at_dusk 在黄昏
12、时刻 11face_to_face 面对面地12no longer/not.any longer 不再.重点句式1状语从句的省略While walking (walk) the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.在遛狗的时候，你不小心松了手，结果狗被一辆汽车撞了。2make宾语宾补Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made_her_diary_her_best_friend.安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。3强调句型It
13、is/was.that.I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。4There was a time when.曾经有一段时间I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds,
14、moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我记得非常清楚，那时湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花从未令我心驰神往过。5It is/was the first time that.这是第一次.it_was_the_first_time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.这还是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚课文预读ANNES BEST FRIENDDo you want a friend whom you could tell everything
15、to， like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through？ Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend.Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War . Her family was
16、 Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hid away for nearly twentyfive months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do， but I
17、 want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942.whom在此引导定语从句，修饰a friend。go through经历；经受what在此引导宾语从句，作going through的宾语。made her diary her best friend为“make宾语宾补”结构，名词短语her best friend作宾补。Germandmnadj.德国的；
18、德国人的；德语的n德国人；德语，Germans(复数)hide away躲藏；藏起来hide (hid, hidden) vt.&vi.隐藏set down记下；放下；登记同义短语：write/take/put downa series of一连串的；一系列；一套seriessIrizn.连续；系列as在此引导方式状语从句，意为“正如”。安妮最好的朋友第12段译文你想不想拥有一位可以无话不谈、推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮弗兰克想要的就是第一种类型的朋友，于是她把自己的日记当成了最好的朋友。第二次世界大战期间，安妮居住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她全家
19、都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则就会被德国纳粹党人抓走。她和她的家人躲了将近两年零一个月才被发现。在那段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说：“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把我这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把这个朋友称作基蒂。”现在，让我们看一看安妮自1942年7月以来在藏身之处躲着时的那种心情吧。Thursday15th June, 1944Dear Kitty，I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about eve
20、rything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. Thats changed since I came here.,if在此意为“是否”，引导宾语从句。outdoors atdzadv.在户外；在野外；indoors在室内its because.that.为强调句型。grow crazy about 对
21、变得热衷；对变得狂热everything to do with 与有关的一切事物nature neIt(r)n.自然；自然界there was a time when.为常用句型，意为“曾经有一段时间”，when在此引导定语从句，修饰a time。第3段译文,1944年6月15日星期四亲爱的基蒂：我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我可以非常清楚地记得，以前湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和花朵从未令我如此心驰神往。自从我来到这里后，一切都变了。when在此引导定语从句，修饰one evening。stay link v保持，继续是，相当于keep，
22、其后接形容词作表语。stay awake 醒着。on purpose (by design)故意反义短语：by accident/chance偶然地in order to 为了，同义短语：so as to为了have a good look at 好好看看as在此引导原因状语从句，表示“由于；因为”。far too much中far是副词，表程度；too much“太多”，后跟不可数名词。happen to do 碰巧做at dusk dsk 在黄昏时刻 not.until. 直到才thunder nd vi.打雷；雷鸣n雷；雷声entirely IntaIlI adv.完全地；全然地；整个地
23、entire IntaI adj.整个的；完全的；全部的power pa n能力；力量；权力，powerful adj.强大的it was the first time that.“这是第一次”，其中that引导定语从句，从句用于修饰先行词the first time。face to face 面对面地，facetoface adj.面对面的curtain ktn n窗帘；门帘；幕布dusty dstI adj.积满灰尘的现在分词短语hanging.作后置定语，修饰curtains。Its no pleasure doing sth. 做某事是没有乐趣的。在此It为形式主语，looking t
24、hrough.为真正的主语。no longer/not.any longer 不再(指时间上不再延续)no more/not.any more 不再(指程度或次数不再增加)experience vt.体验；经历that在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词one thing。第45段译文比如，在一个非常温暖的夜晚，我故意熬到11点半不睡觉，为的是独自好好地看一看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，那是在五个月前的一个黄昏，我恰好在楼上，窗户是开着的。我一直等到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣，我完全被这种力量镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚让人伤心的是我只能
25、透过挂在沾满灰尘的窗户上的脏兮兮的窗帘观看大自然。观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。你的，安妮课文理解.根据课文内容判断正(T)、误(F)1Anne kept a diary because she could tell everything to it.(T)2She didnt feel very lonely because she could meet her friends.(F)3Anne set down a series of facts in her diary as most people did.(F)4Anne named her diary Kit
26、ty and she wanted it to be her best friend.(T)5Annes feelings changed towards nature after she had to live in the hiding place.(T).课文阅读理解1According to Anne, a true friend is a person _.Athat would laugh at youBwho makes you happyCwhom you can trust Dwho could save your life答案：C2Anne said that she ha
27、d grown crazy about nature because _.Ashe had always been soBher interest in nature had grownCshe had been outdoors for too longDshe had been indoors for too long答案：D3Anne didnt dare open the window when the moon was bright because _.Athey might be discoveredBit was dark in the roomCit was very cold
28、Da thief might get into the room答案：A4What kind of life did Anne live in Amsterdam during World War ？AExciting and interesting.BFrightening but safe.CFrightening and unsafe.DFrightening and exciting.答案：C5According to the diary, we can know that Anne _.Aalways stayed awake in order to look at the moon
29、Bwanted to experience nature very much by herselfChated to go outdoors in the daytimeDdisliked looking outside their window答案：B.课文难句分析1I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.句式分析此句为由but及an
30、d连接的并列句，其中but表示转折，and表示承接。第一分句中的“as most people do”为方式状语从句；而第三个分句中的“call my friend Kitty”为“call宾语宾语补足语”结构。自主翻译我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把我的日记当作自己的朋友，我把我的这个朋友叫作基蒂。2Its no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced.句式分析本句为复合句。it为形式主语，looking throug
31、h these是真正的主语；because引导原因状语从句；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词thing。自主翻译观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。 upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.使不安，使心烦；扰乱；打翻，使倾覆(教材P1) Your friend comes to school very upset.你的朋友来上学时心情很不好。(1)be upset about sth.为/对某事烦心/不安be upsetthat从句 为感到不高兴/不安(2)upset oneself 使自己感到心烦It upset(s) sb. that. 让某人不高兴的是up
32、set the plan 打乱计划巧学助记即学即用(1)He was upset about not being invited to attend the wedding.He was upset that he hadnt been invited to attend the wedding.没邀请他去参加婚礼，他很不高兴。(2)I thought it was the food that made my stomach upset.我认为是食物让我的肠胃不适。(3)After upsetting the plate of food, the child showed a regretfu
33、l smile.打翻了那盘食物后，小孩抱歉地一笑。(4)Our plans were_upset by the sudden change in the weather.我们的计划被天气的突然变化打乱了。(5)It_completely_upset_her that she lost the necklace borrowed from her friend.She lost the necklace borrowed from her friend, which completely upset her.使她非常心烦意乱的是，她把从朋友那儿借来的项链弄丢了。2 (教材P1)You will
34、ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.你会不顾铃声而去某个安静的地方安慰你的朋友。(1)ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的(2)ignorance n. 愚昧；无知in ignorance of 不知道，一无所知(3)ignore ones advice/mistakes 忽视某人的建议/过错ignore traffic rules 忽视交通规则巧学助记即学即用(1)He who ignores outsiders is naturally ignored himself.忽视别人的人自然也会受到忽
35、视。(2)I was deeply hurt by the way she just ignored me.她根本就不理睬我的样子深深地伤害了我。(3)He is quite ignorant of (is in complete ignorance of) French although he has lived in France for a year.尽管他已在法国生活了一年，但是他对法语一点儿也不了解。(4)Finding herself ignored in the party, she felt very upset.发现自己在聚会上受到了冷落，她感到非常难过。(5)Ignorin
36、g the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.忽视这两项研究结果的差异将会是你犯的最严重的错误之一。 calm vt. & vi. (使)平静；(使)镇定adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的(教材P1)You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.你会不顾铃声而去某个安静的地方安慰你的朋友。calm down 平静下来calm sb. down 使某人平静下来；
37、使某人镇定下来remain/keep/stay calm 保持冷静易混辨析calm/quiet/silent/stillcalm指天气、水、水面时，表示风平浪静；指人时，表示镇定自若quiet表示“宁静”“安静”“寂静”，侧重没有响声，没有噪声，没有动静；指人时侧重性格温和、文静silent表示“沉默”“不发言”“不说话”，常常表示人不爱说话，沉默无语still表示“不动的”。指人时侧重一动不动；指物时指完全没有声音，突出静止不动即学即用(1)It is important to keep/stay calm when a fire breaks out.当火灾发生时，保持镇静是很重要的。(2
38、)Moved by what she said, he could hardly calm down.由于被她的话所感动，他很难平静下来。(3)Before the performance she took a deep breath to calm herself down.表演前，她做深呼吸来让自己平静下来。(4)He spoke calmly to them trying to pour oil on troubled waters but it was useless.他心平气和地与他们讲话试图使争吵平息，但这是徒劳的。(5)选词填空(calm/quiet/silent/still)W
39、e should keep quiet in the hospital.Weve been silent for too long. Its time to speak out.When facing danger, one should keep calm;_when taken photos of, one should keep still;_when someone else is asleep, one should keep quiet;_in class, one shouldnt keep silent about teachers questions.(教材P1)You wi
40、ll tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他/她，下课后你们会见面再谈。(1)show/express concern about/for/over 对表示关心(2)be concerned about/for 关心；挂念be concerned with/in 与有关/涉及as/so far as.be concerned 就而言(3)concern about/for 担忧/关心concern oneself
41、 with 从事/参与(4)concerning prep. 关于即学即用(1)At the meeting, the leaders from many countries expressed their concern over the climate.在会议上，来自许多国家的领导人表达了他们对气候的担心。(2)We have been very much concerned for/about the state of his health since our teacher fell ill last week.自上周我们老师生病以来，我们对他的健康状况非常担心。(3)The poli
42、ce could not prove he was concerned with/in the case, so they had to set him free.警方无法证明他与此案件有关，因此不得不释放了他。(4)As far as I am_concerned,_reading always seems better for killing time.就我来说，阅读似乎总是能更好地消磨时间。(5)We refused to tell him any information concerning the research project.我们拒绝告诉他有关那个研究项目的任何消息。5 (教材
43、P2)The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.漆黑的夜晚，风雨交加，电闪雷鸣，我全然被这种力量镇住了(1)be in power执政；掌权come to/into powertake power 上台；执政(2)have the power to do sth. 具有做某事的能力beyond/out of ones power 力所不能及的即学即用(1)As is known to all, knowledge is power.众所周知，知识就是力量。(2
44、)He was so drunk that he had lost the power of speech.他醉得太厉害，连话都说不出来了。(3)It was a task beyond_our_power to raise so much money in such a short time.在这么短的时间内筹集到这么多的钱是一项我们力所不能及的任务。(4)The government has been in_power for twenty years, and is still going strong.政府执政已有20年，政权依然稳定。(5)It was an event worth
45、celebrating when our Party came_into_power.我们党成为执政党，这是一件值得庆贺的事情。1 (教材P1)Add up your score and see how many points you get.把你的得分加起来，看看你得了多少分。add up to总计；合计为add to 增加了；增添了(多用于抽象意义)add.to. 把加到上add that. 补充说即学即用Remember: Little steps add up to big dreams.记住：小的积累成就大的梦想。Every failure one meets with adds t
46、o ones experience.谚语吃一堑，长一智。Will you add more sugar to your coffee?你的咖啡要多加些糖吗？巧学助记名师点津add up to一般不用于被动语态。add up的宾语如果是代词，要放在add与up之间。2 (教材P2)Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through?或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？即学即用一词多义写出下列句中go through的
47、含义The rope is too thick to go through the hole. 穿过 You must go through your papers before you hand them in. 仔细检查 Have you gone through all your money yet? 用完 go ahead前进；请说(做吧)go over 越过；温习go against 背叛；违背；违反go by 走过(某处)；(时间)过去，流逝A week went by before he answered the letter.过了一周后他才回信。3 (教材P2)For exam
48、ple, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.比如，有天晚上天气很暖和，我故意不睡觉熬到11点半，为的是独自好好看看月亮。易混辨析in order to/so as to/in order thatin order to意为“为了”，既可以置于句首，又可置于句中so as to意为“为了”，只可置于句中，不可置于句首in order that意为“为了”，引导目的状语
49、从句，从句中的谓语动词前常带may, might, can, could等情态动词即学即用In order to catch the train, she got up early.为了赶上火车，她起床很早。We told a white lie to her in order not to upset her.为了不让她难过，我们向她撒了一个善意的谎言。In_order_to be noticed, she shouted and waved to us.He arrived early in_order_that he might not miss anything.He decided
50、to work harder so_as_to catch up with others.4 (教材P2)She said, “I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.”她说：“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账，但我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，并且我把我(这个)朋友称作基蒂。”set out (to do sth.)出发；开始干某事s
51、et about (doing sth.) 着手做某事set off (for.) 动身；引爆(炸弹等)set up 成立，建立set aside 留出，节省即学即用Youd better set your idea down before you forget it.你最好在忘记之前把你的想法写下来。The doctor asked me to set aside an hour a day to walk.医生让我每天抽出一小时散步。They want to set up their own importexport business.他们想创办自己的进出口公司。名师点津set down是
52、动词与副词构成的短语，遇到此类短语时，如果代词作宾语，则要将代词放在动词与副词之间。 While walking the dog， you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.遛狗的时候，你不小心把狗松开了，它被车撞了。 while walking the dog是“连词分词短语”结构，是状语从句while you were walking the dog的省略形式。当when, while, before, after, unless, as if等状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句的主语为it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时
53、，省略从句中的主语和be动词。省略后从句的形式：连词形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词。While (I was) waiting for the bus, I met an old friend.在等公共汽车时，我遇到了一个老朋友。While playing (play) with his children outdoors, the father felt very happy.当和孩子们在户外玩耍时，这位父亲感到非常幸福。If_interested_in_it,_you can send an email to 123456.如果对它感兴趣，你可以发送电子邮件到123456.When (i
54、t_is)_necessary,_you can look up the word in a dictionary.必要的时候你可以在词典里查这个单词。 I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。 (1)I wonder if/whether.“我不知道是否”，此句型中if或whether引导宾语从
55、句，该句型多用于口语中，表示有礼貌地询问某事或请求帮助。I wonder if/whether you can help me to calm the little boy down.不知道您能否帮我让这个小男孩平静下来。I_wonder_if/whether I could set down what you said just now.我不知道是否可以记下你刚才所说的话。(2)本句中的its.that.为强调句型。强调句的结构为：It is/was被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)that/who(当强调主语且主语指人时)其他部分。I met Mary on my way to scho
56、ol last night.It was Mary that I met on my way to school last night.(强调宾语)It was on my way to school that I met Mary last night.(强调地点状语)It was last night that I met Mary on my way to school.(强调时间状语)It was I who/that met Mary on my way to school last night.(强调主语)昨天晚上在上学的路上我遇到了玛丽。It was in front of th
57、e Palace Museum that a lot of people were waiting to buy the tickets.在故宫博物院的前面有很多人等着买票。.it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚(1)本句中It was the first/second/.time that.“这是第一次/第二次/做”是常用句式，从句要用过去完成时。在此句型中的it可用this或that来代替。It was the first time tha
58、t we had met each other.这是我们第一次见面。It was the second time that he had_missed (miss) such a good chance.这是第二次他错过这么好的机会。(2)It is the first/second/.time that.，从句中要用现在完成时。It is the first time that I have_walked (walk) with my teacher.这是我第一次和我老师一起散步。 Its no pleasure looking through these any longer becaus
59、e nature is one thing that really must be experienced.观看这些已经不再是乐趣，因为大自然是你必须亲身体验的。 Its no pleasure doing sth.“做某事没有乐趣”。It is/wasn.doing sth.是一个固定句型，该句型中的名词(词组)常用no use, no good, no pleasure, no fun, a waste of time/money等。Its no pleasure working in these conditions.在这种环境下工作没有乐趣。Its no use advising (a
60、dvise) him to change his mind.建议他改变主意没用。Its no good smoking (smoke). Youd better give it up.抽烟没好处，你最好戒烟。.单句语法填空1As far as Im concerned (concern), I cant agree with what you said.2I wanted to have a word with her, but she ignored (ignore) me and went away.3The fast economic development before 2016 wa
61、s probably the most powerful (power) engine driving the constant growth in the box office income.4It was no pleasure watching (watch) the football match at home alone, so I went to the bar.5It was the second time that he had_visited (visit) the farm.6I wonder if/whether I could use your computer.7Wh
62、ile walking (walk) his dog in the park yesterday afternoon, Bob heard someone shouting for help in the distance.8Hearing what Father had said, the crying child soon calmed down.9He has left his book here on purpose so that you can read it.10He was asked to set down the facts just as he remembered th
63、em.补全句子1The childrens mother was_concerned_about/for_their_safety (为他们的安全担心) when they didnt come back from school at the usual time.2He suddenly fell ill, which upset_our_plan (打乱了我们的计划)3If you add_up_all_the_numbers (把所有数字加起来), you will know who wins the game.4It_was_when_I_felt_lonely_that (正是感到孤独时) I realized the importance of friends.5In_order_to_finish_his_novel (为了完成他的小说), the writer hid away for ten months, because he didnt want to be troubled by the reporters.6I always start the day by going_through_my_mail (仔细查看邮件)
