1、语法专题突 破专题五 并列连词与复合句英 语2023高 考 总 复 习 优 化 设 计GAO KAO ZONG FU XI YOU HUA SHE JI内 容 索 引增素能 精准突破测效果 课堂评价增素能 精准突破一、并列连词和状语从句【真题语境】并列连词1.(2021新高考全国卷)Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain,still it highlights the whole adventure offers a place where you can sit down to rest your a
2、ching legs.2.(2021新高考全国卷)I found the contact information of the companyemailed its president.3.(2021全国甲卷)My bike was old and shaky did the job.andandbut/yet4.(2021浙江卷)Although Mary loved flowers,she nor her husband was known as a gardener.5.(2020新高考全国卷)They kept their collection at home until it got
3、 too big until they died,and then it was given to a museum.6.(2019全国卷)Irene said,“I dont see any reason to give up work.I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I have made over the years.I work not because I have to,because I want to.”neitherorbut7.(2020全国卷)he asked the villagers
4、 on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist,they smiled and pointed down the river.8.(2019全国卷)On our way to the house,it was raining hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.When/Asso状语从句(从属连词)9.(2018全国卷)While running regularly cant make you
5、 live forever,the review says it is more effective at lengthening life walking,cycling or swimming.10.(2018全国卷)Corn uses less water rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥)runoff.11.(2017浙江卷)Pahlsson screamed loudly that her daughter came running from the house.thanthanso【用法点拨】并列连词连词but“但是”,表示转折关系;and“和
6、”,表示并列或顺承关系;or“或者/否则”,表示选择或转折关系;so“所以”,表示因果关系连词短语not only.but also.不但而且;neither.nor.两者都不;either.or.或者或者;both.and.两者都状语从句从句关联词或短语意义时间状语从句when,while,as当的时候till,until直到since自从the moment/minute.,no sooner.than.,once,hardly.when.,as soon as,directly,immediately一 就结果状语从句so that结果so/such.that从句如此以至于条件状语从句
7、if,if.not,unless如果;除非as/so long as只要从句关联词或短语意义让步状语从句though,although,while,as虽然;尽管even if,even though即使no matter+what/who,whatever/whichever.无论原因状语从句because,as,since,now that因为;既然比较状语从句than比as.as,(not)as/so.as和(不)一样the more.the more.越越目的状语从句so that,in order that,in case,for fear that以便;以防;唯恐方式状语从句as,
8、just as按照;正如as if/as though仿佛,好像地点状语从句where,wherever在的地方;无论在地方二、定语从句【真题语境】1.(2021新高考全国卷)I decided that if I learned of a company used a lot of plastic,Id send it an email urging it to cut back.2.(2020全国卷).China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot it could send signals to t
9、he spacecraft and to Earth.3.(2020全国卷)In ancient China lived an artist paintings were almost lifelike.which/thatwherewhose4.(2019全国卷)Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield,she opened with her late husband Les.5.(2019全国卷)They were well trained by their masters
10、 had great experience with caring for these animals.6.(2018全国卷)Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes.7.(2018全国卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture find
11、s that between 2005when the government started a soil-testing program gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers.whichwhothat/whichthat/which8.(2018浙江卷)Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out.9.(2017全国卷)Howev
12、er,be careful not to go to extremes.Like anything,it is possible to have too much of both,is not good for the health.10.(2017全国卷)But Sarah,has taken part in shows along with top models,wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.11.(2017浙江卷)Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probab
13、ly got swept into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden,it remained until the carrots leafy top accidentally sprouted(生长)through it.who/thatwhichwhowhere【用法点拨】1.定语从句的引导词类别关系词功能关系代词that指人或物,作主语、宾语which指物或代指整个主句,作主语、宾语as指人或物或代指整个主句,作主语、宾语who指人,作主语、宾语whom指人,作宾语(不可作主语)whose表所属关系,作定语关系
14、副词when表时间,作状语where表地点或有地点含义的抽象名词,作状语why表原因,作状语2.限制性与非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用,如果去掉,主句意思就不完整明确,写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句对先行词作附加的说明,与主句的关系不是十分密切。从句和主句之间用逗号分开,相当于一个插入语,不能用that引导。as和which引导非限制性定语从句,都可以指代前面整个主句。as有“正如,像”的含义,引导的从句可以放在主句前,也可以放在后面;而which引导的从句只能放主句后,指代主句中某物或整个句子所表达的内容。【点津】(1)当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词,如point
15、,situation,case,stage等时,如果引导词在从句中作状语,常用关系副词where引导定语从句。(2)先行词occasion意为“时机”时,用关系副词when;意为“场合”时,用关系副词where。(3)当先行词way意为“方法、方式”,且在从句中作状语时,可用that,in which或省略关系词这三种形式。(4)若介词放在关系代词之前,关系代词指人时常用whom,指物时常用which。另外,whose也可以放在介词后,即“介词+whose+名词”结构。(5)注意“名词/代词/数词+介词+关系代词”结构。三、名词性从句【真题语境】主语从句1.(2021新高考全国卷)Going
16、to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles song“The Long and Winding Road”.is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.What宾语从句2.(2020北京卷)Oliver says if youre lucky enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking,ask them you can join in when its possible
17、.3.(2020浙江卷)Over thousands of years,they began to depend less oncould be hunted or gathered from the wild,and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.4.(2020天津卷)The student completed this experiment to make come trueProfessor Joseph had said.5.(2018全国卷)Im not sure is more frightened,
18、me or the female gorilla(大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere.whether/ifwhatwhatwhich同位语从句6.(2020江苏卷)It is not a problemwe can win the battle;its just a matter of time.7.(2019全国卷)There is evidencethey range all the way across the Arctic,and as far south as James Bay in Canada.whetherthat【用法点拨】名词
19、性从句分主语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、表语从句。名词性从句的引导词分类连接词功能从属连词that在句子中不作任何句子成分,也没有词汇意义whether,if在句子中不作任何句子成分,意为“是否”because,as if/though 在句子中不作任何句子成分,分别意为“因为”,“好像”连接代词who(ever),whom,what(ever),whose,which(ever)who(ever),what(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语或表语;whom在从句中作宾语;whose在从句中作定语;which(ever)在从句中作主语、宾语连接副词when(ever),where,whereve
20、r,why,how在从句中作状语【提醒】that,what与which的区别that引导名词性从句时,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,一般可省略;that引导定语从句时在从句中作成分,只有作宾语时能省略what可以引导名词性从句,其意义为“的人/物/数目等”,不能引导定语从句which引导名词性从句,其意义为“哪一个”,可以指人也可以指物,是在已知的具体的人、事、物当中进行选择;引导定语从句时,只能当关系代词,在从句中作主语或宾语,且只能指物测效果 课堂评价一、练时鲜单句语法填空1.Often,the companies create user“challenges”as part of thei
21、r ad campaigns.In challenges,users are invited to publish their own videos in they perform similar dance moves.2.The museum has developed an appprovides an in-depth explanation of cultural relic information and cultural services.3.A big part of the reason is 5G means more than one thing.whichthat/wh
22、ichthat4.Some people praised Shanghai for being a role model and taking active steps to solve the trash problem in big cities,others complained about the inconvenience the rule has brought to their daily lives,and made jokes about sorting their garbage.5.He believes that eating on your own can be ha
23、rd in a country like South Korea,social eating is such a long tradition.whilewhere二、练模拟单句语法填空1.(2021河北唐山二模)Recent studies provide ample evidence _the ancient art of reading aloud has a number of benefits,from helping improve our memory to strengthening emotional bonds between people.2.(2021苏北4月新高考适应
24、性测试)Its never been so important to spend time outside,_ thats because its the only place to experience different scenes or for the mental and physical good provided by fresh air and exercise.thatwhether3.(2021东北三校第二次联考)In China,food deliverymen are always in a rush between traffic regardless of wind
25、 and rain._ they make our life more convenient,this can come at a cost to them.4.(2021河北石家庄质检)It dates from 1158 and is _you will find the citys most beautiful buildings.5.(2021东北三省四市联考)It is hoped _the new digitalized technologies will facilitate the“rebirth”of the cultural relics.6.(2021福建高三诊断)Now
26、 more than 20,000 cliff paintings and carvings _were created by the ancestors have been discovered at Helan Mountain.Though/Although/Whilewherethatthat/which7.(2022河南九师联盟9月质检)Two features give the paint its extreme whiteness.One is the paints high concentration of a special chemical,_ is used to mak
27、e photo paper white as well.8.(2021江西南昌摸底)_ the project was operated,it has increasingly drawn public attention for its facilitation of economic growth,industrial upgrading and ecological improvement in water-stressed districts.9.(2021四川成都摸底)Entrepreneurs are people _start companies to develop new o
28、r improved products.10.(2021山东烟台一模)At first,we thought anime is just entertainment,_we could not take the data seriously.whichSincewho/thatso三、练语篇语法填空Each time I take the underground I find myself surrounded by dozens of passengers 1._ are playing smart-phones.They almost wont even give a glance at
29、the outside world.You may hold the view 2._ it is normal to play smartphones to kill time.Whats worse,3._I talk with some of my friends,they talk as playing,4._ is really annoying.who/thatthatwhen/aswhichI really miss the old days 5._ I chatted with some passengers on the train.Now things are differ
30、ent from 6._they were.Everyone just concentrates on their smartphones.When talking with them,it seems 7._ you are disturbing their playing smart phones.I could not just blame them 8._ I am moving to be one like them.Sometimes I just feel we largely ignore our neighbors 9._want to keep in touch with distant strangers through the Internet.We care about the things far away 10._ pay no attention to the needs nearby.How awkward the situation is!In a way we are controlled by smartphones now.Are you experiencing the same situation like me?Do you have any ways to avoid that?whenwhatthatforandbut
