1、Unit 2Making a differenceStep 1 诵读经典渗透文化意识.细品味经典文章(2020新高考全国卷完形填空题改编)Molai grew up in a tiny village in India.The village lay near some wetlands which became his second home.He learned the value and beauty of nature there from a very young age.When he was 16,Molai began to notice something disturbin
2、g happening around his home.A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of birds.Besides,the number of snakes had declined as well.He realized that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them from the heat.The solution,of course,was to pl
3、ant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.He turned to the forest department for help but was told that nothing would grow there.However,Molai went looking on his own and discovered a nearby island where he began to plant trees.Watering young plants in the dry season was tough f
4、or a lone boy.Molai built at the top of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform,where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater.The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below.Molai continued to plant trees for the next 37 years.His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-gro
5、wn land that has become home to many plants and animals.按要求完成任务1.写出文中与本单元话题有关的词汇。_ _ 2.上下文的衔接是作文的要求之一,本文就用了besides,however等衔接语,使得上下文连贯自然。请写出你知道的表时间的衔接语:_value,damage,realize,protect,solution,shelter,on his own,efforts,resultin(1)first/firstly,second/secondly,third/thirdly第一,第二,第三(2)in the meantime同时
6、(3)at the same time同时_(4)for the first time第一次(5)ever since自从(6)while/when/as当时候(7)shortly after不久以后(8)the next moment下一刻(9)nowadays当今(10)at present目前(11)before long不久(12)in the future将来Step 2 固本强基锻造语言能力.重点词汇1.contribution n.贡献【典型例句】The Medal of the Republic,the highest national honor,was awarded to
7、 Zhong Nanshan for the great contribution he made in fighting COVID-19.为表彰在抗击新冠肺炎中做出的突出贡献,钟南山被授予国家最高荣誉共和国勋章。【词块必记】make a contribution to/towards 捐赠,贡献contribute to 捐助,投稿,有助于,导致donate to捐赠,赠送collect/raise money for为募捐【熟词生义】The editor is short of contributions for the May issue.编辑缺少稿件编五月号的杂志。(n.投稿)【语境
8、速测】单句语法填空The young scientist has made great _(contribute)to space development program.A proper amount of exercise _(contribute)to good health.He didnt contribute anything _world peace.She _(contribute)a lot of good ideas to the discussion.contributionscontributestocontributed完成句子Being a good listene
9、r can _ _.当一个好的倾听者有助于我们与他人之间形成良好的关系。Honesty and hard work _.诚实和努力有助于成功和幸福。contribute to an excellent relationship with otherpeoplecontribute to success and happiness2.earn v.挣(钱)【典型例句】He works hard,but he does not earn much money.他工作很努力,但钱赚得不多。【词块必记】earn/make a lot of money 赚很多钱earn ones bread/livin
10、g谋生earn/make a living谋生make ones living 谋生earn ones trust/respect 赢得信任/尊敬【构词法】earn v.赚钱earnings n.(pl.)工资,所得【语境速测】单句语法填空His writing has _(earn)him many friends.His wife has no pensionable(可领取养老金的)_(earn).完成句子It is honorable to _with your hands.靠双手劳动来养活自己是光荣的。I am far from being competent.I can hardl
11、y _.我一点也不能干,我几乎赚不到钱。earnedearningsearn a livingearn any money3.hesitate v.迟疑,犹豫【典型例句】In case you need something,please dont hesitate to ask me.如果你需要什么东西,尽管来找我。【词块必记】hesitate to do sth.对做某事犹豫不决hesitate about/over/at doing sth.对做某事犹豫不决without hesitation毫不犹豫地,立即with hesitation 犹豫不决hesitate between.and.
12、在之间犹豫【语境速测】单句语法填空 Dont hesitate _(make)comments or suggestions if you have any.She hesitated _ the choice between the two blouses for her daughter.Though she _(hesitate)for a moment,she finally went in.【写作金句】He who hesitates is lost.当断不断,必受其患。“If there is anything you need,dont hesitate to ask,”said
13、 the room clerk.客房服务员说:“你如果有什么需要的,尽管说。”to makeabout/over/athesitated.核心短语4.benefit from从受益【典型例句】Everyone can benefit from better communication.每个人都能够从更好的交流中受益。【词块必记】benefit by/from 得益于for the benefit of 为的利益,为了的好处bring benefit to mankind造福于人类benefit future generations为后代造福be beneficial to对有益【名师点津】be
14、nefit作为不及物动词后接by/from,表示“得益于”,作为及物动词后直接跟宾语,表示“使受益”。【语境速测】完成句子One can greatly _extensively.博览群书,受益广阔。The reason why I did this was to _.我这么做是为了我们大家的利益。The teacher teaches us by using his personal examples which _.老师用他的个人例子来教育我们,这使我们受益匪浅。The goal was achieved _.借助现代技术,这个目标已经达到。benefit by/from readingb
15、enefit all of our interestbenefits us a lotwith the benefit of modern technology.经典句式5.In Uganda,Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.在乌干达,瑞安最终亲眼看到了挖好的井。【典型例句】The broken glass has been thrown outside.碎玻璃片被扔到外面去了。【句型公式】单个过去分词作定语时,一般放在被修饰的名词之前。但是,单个的过去分词修饰复合不定代词 something,everything,an
16、ything,nothing,nobody 等或指示代词those 时,要放在这些词的后面。【语境速测】单句语法填空The prime minister issued a cautiously _(word)statement this afternoon.句型转换The lost time must be made up as soon as possible.The time _must be made up as soon as possible.wordedwhich is lost【备选要点】1.reality n.真实,现实【典型例句】She looks young,but in
17、reality she is over forty.她看起来年轻,实际上她已年逾四十。【词块必记】make.a reality使成为现实in reality(=in actual fact,really)实际上,现实escape from reality 逃避现实turn.into reality(=come true)实现【语境速测】单句语法填空Outwardly she looked confident but _reality she felt extremely nervous.完成句子Mr Green is a professor _格林先生是徒有虚名的教授。Jaron Lanier
18、 coined the term“_”and pioneered its early development.加隆雷尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词,并率先进行早期开发。inin name but not in reality.virtual reality2.supply sb.with sth.提供给某人某物【典型例句】He supplied the police with the names of those involved in the crime.他向警方提供了涉案人员名单。【词块必记】“向某人提供某物”的表达方式有:supply sth.to sb.supply sb.with sth.
19、provide sb.with sth.provide sth.for sb.【误区释疑】supply sth.for sth.的结构,表示“提供某物作为(用处或目的)”,这里介词for不能用with替代。【语境速测】单句语法填空They were arrested for supplying drugs _street dealers.Foreign governments supplied the rebels _arms.The Afghan air force was using helicopters _(supply)the besieged(被包围的)town.The compa
20、ny can supply small parts _replacement.towithto supplyfor完成句子Changes _affect the level of economic activity and the interest rate.货币供给的变化影响经济活动水平和利率。in the money supply3.break into a smile突然笑起来【典型例句】We watched her puzzled face break gently into a smile.我们看见她原先迷惑的脸上轻轻绽放出了笑容。【词块必记】break down破裂,坍塌,镇压,分
21、解break in破门而入,插话break into强行进入break up驱散,打碎,分解,分裂break away from摆脱,脱离,打破(陈规)break out突然发生,爆发break through突破【语境速测】单句语法填空The hall broke _cheers when the singer appeared.Chemicals in the body break _the food into useful substances.The robbers broke _his home and robbed him of many possessions.The telep
22、hone system has broken _.Excuse me for breaking _on your conversation.intodownintodownin4.make a difference起作用,有影响【典型例句】In fact even the simplest everyday activities can make a big difference to the environment.实际上,甚至是最简单的日常活动都会对环境产生重大影响。【词块必记】make some/much/little/no,etc.difference有一些(很多/没有等)影响be d
23、ifferent from与不同differ from与不同make.different 使不同【语境速测】完成句子Your support will certainly _our cause.你的支持当然会对我们的事业起作用。The rain didnt _the game.这场雨对比赛没多大影响。It _whether he goes or not.不管他去或是不去,对我无关紧要。make a difference tomake much difference tomakes no difference to meStep 3 强化检测提升学习能力.单句语法填空1.(2019江苏高考)Th
24、is has led companies and individuals _(donate)money to developing countries to buy computer equipment and Internet facilities.2.(2020江苏高考)The speed of 6G will exceed 125 GB/s,allowing for a new generation of virtual _(real).3.(2020新高考全国卷)Jennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical coll
25、ege student to pursue her goal of _(earn)a nursing degree.4.(2020 天津高考)Most of us meet new people,and new ideas,with_(hesitate).to donaterealityearninghesitation5.(2019全国卷)Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a _(ability).disability.句式转换(把下列句子中的从句转换成含有非谓语动词的短语)
26、1.The meeting which was held yesterday is of great importance.The meeting _is of great importance.2.It is one of the funniest things that are found on the Internet so far this year.It is one of the funniest things _.3.The chairman was dismissed because profit has fallen.The chairman was dismissed _.
27、4.The man who is standing by the window is our English teacher.The man _is our English teacher.held yesterdayfound on the Internet so far this yearbecause of fallen profitstanding by the window5.Can those who are seated at the back of the classroom hear me?Can those _hear me?seated at the back of th
28、e classroom.语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)Being a Volunteer Is Great!There are lots of volunteers making 1._(contribute)to society around us now.And they dont do it for 2._(earn)money;they do it only for 3._(happy).They often help people of 4._(ability)or people 5._(infect)with diseases.Sometimes they are also w
29、illing 6._(donate)money to foundations.As a young student,helping other people is a major mission.contributionsearninghappinessdisabilityinfectedto donateIf I have a chance,Ill join a volunteer club without hesitation and try my best to help others 7._(generous).In my classroom,I am good at math and
30、 science.I can help my classmates who are in trouble if I am free.In primary school,I can help teach young students paint 8._I am good at drawing.And I do well 9._singing,so I can sing songs to cheer up the sick people in the hospital.Also,I can help the old people in the nursing home.There I can cl
31、ean the floor and do chores.Besides these,I can do so many other 10._(thing).In this way not only do I feel good about helping others,but I also do something useful.So I think I should study hard to improve my skills and I will help others better in the future.generouslybecauseinthings【易错误区】第5题考生容易填
32、写are infected。(1)误导原因:把这里看成是谓语动词了。(2)去伪存真:infect所在的句子前面已经有谓语动词help,且不是并列谓语,所以要考虑用非谓语动词,根据该词的用法,这里应该用过去分词作定语,表示被动。Step 4 直击高考培养思维品质.话题与阅读理解(2019全国卷阅读理解B)“You can use me as a last resort(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a reque
33、st for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport.She may just need a little persuading.So I try again and tug at the heartstrings.I mention the single parent withfour kids runn
34、ing the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even on.At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright.Yes,Ill do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many.The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedu
35、le,sends out emails,and collects money for end-of-season gifts.Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team.Thecoach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season.Handing out sliced oranges to bloo
36、dthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely
37、give your time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.In that sense,Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter where my motivation lie
38、s?【文章大意】文章讲述了有些家长不情愿当志愿者,当被说服去做志愿者之后,在工作中慢慢成为了队伍中不可或缺的成员,给别人带来好处,并从中体会到快乐。1.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in Paragraph 1?A.She knows little about the club.B.She isnt good at sports.C.She just doesnt want to volunteer.D.Shes unable to meet her schedule.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一句话“如果没人帮你了,
39、我再帮你。把我当成最后的选择”不难看出这个家长是不愿意做志愿活动的。2.What does the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Encourage teamwork.B.Appeal to feelings.C.Promote good deeds.D.Provide advice.【解析】选B。词义猜测题。根据前面一句She may just need a little persuading.可知家长不愿做志愿活动,需要去说服她。再根据后文我向她提到了一个志愿者父亲在自己孩子不在场的情况下依然
40、帮助训练其他的孩子这样的例子来说服她,一直到最后她同意做志愿者,可见作者是动之以情,晓之以理来说服这名家长。3.What can we learn about the parent from Paragraph 3?A.She gets interested in lacrosse.B.She is proud of her kids.C.Shell work for another season.D.She becomes a good helper.【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的Somewhere along the way,the same parent ends up bec
41、oming an invaluable member of the team.可知这位家长已经成为志愿队伍中不可或缺的一员。4.Why does the author like doing volunteer work?A.It gives her a sense of duty.B.It makes her very happy.C.It enables her to work hard.D.It brings her material rewards.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Connecting to the community as you freely give y
42、our time,money,skills,or services provides a real joy.Volunteering just feels so good.可知自愿帮助别人是一种快乐,再根据最后一段的内容可知做志愿者可以在帮助别人的同时,使自己体会到快乐。【难句释疑】That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more:Connecting to the community as you freely give your time,mon
43、ey,skills,or services provides a real joy.释疑:of后面是一个why引导的宾语从句。冒号后的句子用来解释a deep understanding,其中动名词短语Connecting to the community是句子的主语,as引导状语从句。翻译:和这种宽慰在一起的是深入地理解了为什么同样的人们会一直回来做更多的事情:当你大量地付出你的时间、金钱、技术或服务时,和社区的联系会提供一种真正的快乐。【微技能点拨】瞻前顾后猜词义,猜中词义很容易 本文中第2题属于第一个考点类型,猜测词组的意义。这就需要采用瞻前顾后的方法进行推理判断。根据前面一句She m
44、ay just need a little persuading.可知家长不愿做志愿活动,需要去说服她。后文作者通过举例最终说服了这名家长。值得注意的是heartstrings一词意思是“心弦”,从构词法方面也可以猜出该词意思,heart心脏,string细绳,弦。appeal to是吸引的意思,appeal to feelings吸引情感,故选_。B【语用提能】话题词汇volunteer,persuading,unwilling,power,sharing,responsibilities,understanding,service,selfish,benefit,motivation,de
45、manding work schedule,social anxiety短语tug at the heartstrings(牵动心弦),at this point,speak up,send out,end up,focus on,be off the hook(摆脱困境),score a goal(射门得分),in the process,collect money for熟词新义pretty adj.漂亮的adv.相当地【微完形填空】(2019全国卷阅读理解B改编)Volunteer work sometimes needs 1.“You can use me as a last reso
46、rt(选择),and if nobody else volunteers,then I will do it.”This was an actual reply from a parent 2I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.I guess that theres 3some demanding work schedule,or social anxiety around 4up to help for an unknown sport.So I try again and tug at the
47、5.After 6to feelings,the unwilling parent 7up,“Alright.Yes,Ill do it.”Im secretly relieved because I know theres real power in sharing volunteer 8among many.The same parent did 9work.Still,most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close.That relief is coupled with a d
48、eep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more work.Im pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than Id freely like to admit.However,if others benefit in the process,and I get some reward too,does it really matter 10my motivation lies?1.A.persuadingB.thinkingC.readingD.e
49、xplaining【解析】选A。根据后文可以看出,作者要求孩子的家长做志愿者,家长不情愿。由此得出,有时候志愿工作需要做说服教育。故选A。2.A.thoughB.ifC.beforeD.after【解析】选D。在我发出请求做志愿者以后得到的答复。故选D。3.A.happilyB.necessarilyC.probablyD.thoughtfully【解析】选C。由句子中的guess一词可以推出,为了去给某个未知的活动提供帮助,可能会有一些严格的工作时间表、社交焦虑症。4.A.speakingB.stepping C.speedingD.breaking【解析】选B。这里用step up to
50、help指走上前去提供帮助。speak up大胆地说出来,speed up加速,break up分手。5.A.handsB.hairsC.skirtD.heartstrings【解析】选D。tug at the heartstrings意思是“牵动心弦”。也就是动之以情,晓之以理。6.A.appealingB.leading C.referringD.getting【解析】选A。appeal to吸引;lead to通向,导致;refer to指的是;get to到达。appeal to feelings指吸引情感。7.A.thinksB.takesC.speaksD.turns【解析】选C。
51、speak up大胆说,take up从事,think up想出,turn up出现,调大,根据语境,应是大胆地说。8.A.achievementsB.contributionsC.abilitiesD.responsibilities【解析】选D。这里指志愿责任,而不是贡献、能力和功绩。9.A.manyB.muchC.littleD.less【解析】选B。work是不可数名词,排除many;根据上下文,这个家长在被说服做志愿者后,做了大量的工作,由此排除C、D。10.A.thereB.whatC.whereD.when【解析】选C。由句子中lie一词可以得出,我的动力在哪真的重要吗?.话题与
52、写作(2018浙江高考书面表达)假定你是李华,你校英语协会招聘志愿者,接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘,内容包括:1.口语能力;2.相关经验;3.应聘目的。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。Step 1 写作技巧逻辑严谨(尽量运用使上下文衔接连贯的语篇标志词)Firstly,I can speak fluent English.Secondly,I helped receive some visiting foreigners to our school last year.I also want to improve my spoken English.句式多变(
53、运用固定搭配和句式,使文章地道自然。)I can speak fluent English and I can communicate with foreigners freely.I can speak fluent English and _.I also want to improve my spoken English and help them understand Chinese culture better.I also want to improve my spoken English and help them _ _.I have little difficulty com
54、municating withforeigners freelyhave a betterunderstanding of Chinese culture思想品质(运用虚拟语气,更加体现信件结尾必要的委婉客气,彰显礼貌谦逊等优良品质,提升作者素质水平)Ill thank you very much if you give me the chance._if you_give me the chance.I would be gratefulcould Step 2 妙笔成篇Dear Sir/Madam,I have learnt that our English association nee
55、ds some volunteers to meet the visiting foreign students and I want to apply for the position.Firstly,I can speak fluent English and I have little difficulty communicating with foreigners freely.Secondly,I helped receive some visiting foreigners to our school last year.This experience is sure to ena
56、ble me to do better this year.I also want to improve myspoken English and help them have a better understanding of Chinese culture.I would be grateful if you could give me the chance.Yours,Li Hua【加固训练】阅读填句Luckily most bad moods and even mild depression attacks can be dealt with if people know the ri
57、ght action to take.Most people deal with bad moods incorrectly by either escaping from them or by acting as if they are not there.1Do something.Taking serious action is one of the most powerful ways of ending bad moods and depression.Most people lie in bed when they feel bad without being aware of t
58、he fact that this is the time when they need to take action the most.When you takeaction,you actually tell your brain that you are responding to the signal that it sent you and thats why the bad mood eases.2If at any moment of your life you are worried about your future or sad because of your past,t
59、hen you will never be able to experience real happiness.Conscious living is the ability to enjoy your present moment without letting your mind wander in the past or the future.People who live in the present moment are less vulnerable(易受伤的)to bad moods and depression attacks.3Sometimes your mind need
60、s nothing more than reassurance in order to remove the bad moods.In such a case writing a plan might be the perfect solution to bad moods.When you write a plan you are actually telling your subconscious mind indirectly that you are going to solve the problems that are bothering you and as a result i
61、t withdraws the bad moods.Get more self-understanding.4When you get to understand yourself more,you will realize what makes you happy and what makes you sad.Many people are unhappy just because they dont quite understand what can make them happy and whats important for them in life.5Many people mist
62、akenly believe that bad moods should disappear overnight if they do the right thing but thats completely wrong.Even if you started solving the main problem that caused your bad mood still your mood wont change instantly butinstead it will happen gradually as the time passes.Its extremely important t
63、o be patient while trying to end your bad moods,or you will give up before a significant change happens and your mood will remain the same.A.Write a planB.Learn how to live consciouslyC.Dont care about what others saidD.How can we end these bad moods?E.Understand that bad moods might not disappear o
64、vernightF.Sometimes your mood will change quickly when you have a rest.G.Sometimes people get bad moods because they dont understand themselves well.【文章大意】本文就如何消除不良情绪提出了几点建议。1.【解析】选D。文章开头就点题,不良情绪需要消除,后文就怎样消除不良情绪提供了一些方法,所以这一句是承上启下句。故D项正确。2.【解析】选B。根据该段第二句“Conscious living is the ability to enjoy your
65、present moment without letting your mind wander in the past or the future.”可知,本段告诉我们活在当下,故B项正确。3.【解析】选A。根据本段第二句“In such a case writing a plan might be the perfect solution to bad moods.”可知A项正确。4.【解析】选G。根据本段主题句“Get more self-understanding.”可知,本段告诉我们,要好好地了解自己,故G项正确。5.【解析】选E。根据本段首句“Many people mistakenly believe that bad moods should disappear overnight if they do the right thing but thats completely wrong.”可知坏的情绪不会一夜之间就消失,需要我们耐心地等待,故E项正确。
