1、Unit 5 On the road必备词汇速记重点单词快速记destinationn.目的地,终点indigenousadj.本地的,土生土长的creditableadj.声誉好的;值得称赞的remote adj.偏远的,偏僻的,遥远的quitv.离开(工作岗位,学校等);离任,停止戒掉;离开,迁出routen.路线,路途;(公共汽车和列车等的)常规路线,固定线路;途径;方法currencyn.货币,通货,通用;流行;流传,被接受,传播budgetn.预算,政府的年度预算 v.谨慎花钱;把编入预算cashn.现款,现金vt.将兑现;支付现款souvenirn.纪念品,纪念物vehiclen.
2、交通工具,车辆continentn.洲,大洲,大陆flight n.航班,班机,飞行;飞翔aboard adv.在船(飞机、火车)上transfern.转乘,换乘,(使)转移;(使)调动landscapen.(陆上的)风景,景致,景色questn.(长期的)寻求,探索,追求v.探索;探求拓展单词联想记previous adj.以前的,先前的previously adv.以前,先前mass n.大量,众多;块;群众 massive adj.大规模的;巨大的profession n.(需要高等教育和训练的)专业;行业professional adj.专业的engage v.参与;参加engaged
3、 adj.忙于;从事于engagement n.订婚:约定aware adj.意识到的;知道的;有方面知识的awareness n.意识,认识;明白accommodate vt.容纳;使适应;供应accommodation n.住处;(pl.)膳宿;调节;和解follow vt.跟随;遵循;追求following adj.其次的;接着的prep.在(某事)以后particular adj.特别的;详细的;独有的;挑剔的particularly adv.异乎寻常地;特别是apply vt.应用;运用 vi.申请;请求applicant n.申请人application n.申请;运用dramat
4、ic adj.激动人心的;给人印象深刻的drama n.戏剧,戏剧艺术;剧本dramatically adv.突然地;戏剧地;引人注目地重点短语高效记come true 实现in particular尤其;特别fall in love with喜欢;爱上regard.as.认为是be determined to do sth.下决心做某事be engaged in 从事;忙于when it comes to.当谈到时make it(及时)到达;成功make an impact on.对产生影响make a comment on/about.对作评价核心词汇探究Period 1Starting
5、out&Understanding ideasNO.1 impact n.影响;冲击力;撞击【教材语境】I use my photography to make an impact on people,especially when it comes to environmental issues.(P51)我用我的照片来影响人们,尤其是涉及一些环境问题时。【语块归纳】have/make an impact on 对有/产生影响an impact against对的冲击【语境助记】The development of science and technology has an impact o
6、n our daily life,forexample,the Internet.科技的发展,比如因特网,影响了我们的日常生活。But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给我们的环境和当地的历史造成灾难性的影响。The impact of the stone against the windowpane shattered the gl
7、ass.石头撞击窗户打碎了玻璃。NO.2 previous adj.以前的,先前的【教材语境】Previous job(P52)以前的工作【语块归纳】previouslyadv.以前,先前previous to在之前(to为介词)【语境助记】This years harvest is better than any previous years.今年的收成比以往任何一年都好。This action is greatly different from his previous attitude.这一行为与他以往的态度大相径庭。He had no previous experience of th
8、is kind of job.他从前没有做这种工作的经验。【名师点津】与previous to相似的短语还有:senior to 比级别高的;junior to 比级别低的;superior to 比好的;inferior to 比差的。【链接高考】(2021浙江高考)Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animals call,the animals do not appear to use their voices
9、 intentionally to communicate messages.虽然先前的研究表明,类人猿和猴子可以从另一种动物的叫声中理解复杂的信息,但这些动物似乎并没有故意使用它们的声音来传达信息。NO.3 be determined to do sth.决心做某事【教材语境】In 2013,I was determined to make my dream come true.(P50)2013年,我决心要实现我的梦想【语块归纳】(1)determinedadj.坚决的;有决心的;意志坚定的be determined that.决定;坚信(2)determinev.决定,确定;判定,判决;
10、使决定determine to do sth.决心做某事(3)determination n.坚定;决心with determination坚决地【语境助记】It is your attitude not your aptitude that will determine your altitude.是你的态度而不是你的才能,决定你(人生)的高度。No matter how great the difficulty is,we are determined to overcome it.无论有多困难,我们都决心克服它。He is a determined man and he believes
11、 determination and effort can lead to success.他是一个有决心的人,他相信决心和努力可以带来成功。【链接高考】(2021浙江高考)After a thorough search we determined that he must have left it at the fountain.经过彻底的搜查,我们断定他一定是把它落在喷泉边了。Period 2Using languageNO.1 aboard adv.在船(飞机、火车)上 prep.上船(飞机、火车)【教材语境】People who travel aboard the Bernina Ex
12、press have the chance to see incredible views.(P53)在伯尔尼纳快车上旅行的人们有机会看到难以置信的景色。【语块归纳】(1)go aboard(the plane/ship/train)登机/上船/上火车All aboard!(口语)请大家上船/火车/飞机!(2)boardn.木板 v.登机;上船on board在船上;在飞机上【语境助记】The plane crashed,killing all 200 people aboard.飞机失事,飞机上200人全部遇难。They were the last two to go aboard the
13、ship.他们两位是最后上船的。All the people aboard survived in the accident.船上所有的人都在这次事故中幸存下来了。【名师点津】abroad与aboard两者容易混淆,abroad是副词,意为“在国外;到国外”。NO.2 engage v.参与,参加;吸引;订婚【教材语境】Adventure tourism:travellers explore unusual or remote destinations,often engaging in risky activities.(P55)冒险旅行:旅行者们探索不寻常或者偏远的目的地,常会参与冒险活动
14、。【语块归纳】(1)engage in 参加,参与(2)engaged adj.忙碌的;(电话)占线的;订婚的be engaged in忙于be engaged to与订婚(3)engagement n.约定;订婚【语境助记】Students are given the fullest opportunity to engage in class discussions.学生拥有充足的机会参与课堂讨论。As soon as the project came up at the meeting,it engaged many peoples attention.这个项目在大会上一提出,就引起了许
15、多人的注意。NO.3 in advance 提前,预先【教材语境】Dont forget to check in online and print your boarding pass in advance.(P54)别忘了在网上办理登机手续并提前打印你的登机牌。【语块归纳】(1)in advance of 比进步;在之前make advances in在方面取得进展(2)advancedadj.高级的;进步的;先进的【语境助记】If you inform me in advance,I will have your order ready for you.你若预先通知我,我就能给你准备好了。
16、I had asked everyone to submit questions in advance of the meeting.我已要求大家在会议之前提出问题。We need to learn advanced technology from foreign countries.我们需要从外国学习先进的技术。With the help of the advanced technology,we can complete the task in advance.借助先进的技术,我们能够提前完成任务。【链接高考】(2020 天津高考)Next time you visit Bob,remem
17、ber to give him a call in advance.Good point.I will.下次你拜访Bob的时候,记得提前给他打电话。好主意。我会的。Period 3Developing ideasNO.1 mass n.大量,许多;团;块;堆adj.大量的;大规模的【教材语境】There were forests,mountains with snowy tops and masses of ice.(P57)那里有森林,有山顶带积雪的群山,还有大片的冰。【语块归纳】(1)a mass of/masses of 许多的;大量的(后跟名词作主语时,谓语动词的数与of后的名词保持一
18、致)the masses群众;平民百姓(2)mass media大众传媒mass production 批量生产(3)massive adj.巨大的,强烈的【语境助记】A cloud is a mass of vapour in the sky.云是天空中的水汽团块。Its mass production that has reduced the prices of cars.是大规模生产降低了汽车的价格。In China,masses of graduates go abroad to have further study every year.在中国,每年都有大批毕业生出国深造。NO.2
19、cheer(.)up 使高兴起来,使振作起来【教材语境】To cheer her up,we went to a typical Quebec restaurant for lunch.(P57)为了让她高兴起来,我们去了一家典型的魁北克餐厅吃午饭。【语块归纳】(1)cheer on为加油(2)cheerv.&n.欢呼cheerfuladj.高兴的【语境助记】Most children need encouragement in time of failure so that they can cheer upagain.大部分孩子在失败时需要鼓励以便再次振作起来。Nobody can hel
20、p you,so you must cheer yourself up.没人能帮你,因此你必须让自己振作起来。Sarah pretended to be cheerful,saying nothing about the quarrel.萨拉假装很高兴,对争吵什么也没说。【链接高考】(2019全国卷)All the football players on the playground cheeredloudly,saying that I had a talent for football.操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼,说我有足球天赋。NO.3 keep in touch(with)(与)
21、保持联系;知道(的)情况【教材语境】Were going to keep in touch,so I now have someone to practiseFrench with!(P57)我们将会保持联系,因此我现在有人一块练习法语了!【语块归纳】lose touch with 与失去联系(表动作)be in/out of touch with与有/没有联系(表状态)get in touch with 与取得联系(表动作)【语境助记】Now most of our classmates keep in touch through WeChat.现在我们的大部分同学都通过微信保持联系。Dur
22、ing the war many people lost touch with their relatives.战争期间,许多人与他们的亲戚失去了联系。We must keep in touch with what is happening in foreign countries.我们必须了解外国的动态。I had been out of touch with Tom for years.And last week we get in touch again.I will keep in touch with him,or I will lose touch with him again.我
23、已经和汤姆失去联系好几年了。上周我们又联系上了。我会和他保持联系,否则我会再次与他失去联系。【高频句式】句式1 There is no doubt that.毫无疑问【教材语境】There is no doubt that the Bernina Express is a journey for travellerswho want to get back to nature:the train window becomes the TV screen,and the natural world is the show.(P53)毫无疑问,伯尔尼纳快车对想回归自然的旅行者来说就是一段旅程:火车
24、窗口变成了电视屏幕,大自然就是节目。疑难句式破解【句式解构】句中 There is no doubt that.意为“毫无疑问”。that 引导的是同位语从句,用来说明doubt的具体内容。that引导的同位语从句中含有一个who引导的定语从句,先行词为travellers。【归纳总结】(1)There is(some)doubt whether.对持有疑问(2)I doubt whether/if.我怀疑是否I dont doubt that.我确信There is no doubt that.毫无疑问(3)without doubt 毫无疑问【语境助记】He studies very ha
25、rd.There is no doubt that he will pass the exam.他学习很努力。毫无疑问他会通过这次考试。There is still some doubt whether the autumn sports meet will be held in our school.对秋季运动会是否将在我们学校举行还有些疑问。I doubt whether he can vote for us.我怀疑他能否投票支持我们。I dont doubt that you will succeed one day.我确信你总有一天会成功的。【名师点津】doubt可作动词和名词。在否定
26、句和疑问句中,doubt后跟 that引导的宾语从句(doubt v.)或同位语从句(doubt n.);在肯定句中,doubt后接 whether 或 if引导的宾语从句(doubt v.)或 whether 引导的同位语从句(doubt n.)。句式2 强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+that+其他【教材语境】It was then that I realised her seat was empty!(P57)就在那时,我意识到她的座位是空的!【句式解构】句中的 It was then that.是强调句,强调了时间状语then。强调句型的基本结构为:It is/was+被强调部
27、分+that/who+句子其他部分。【语境助记】It is the teachers praise that contributes to my success.是老师的表扬促使我成功的。It was his best friend that/who he met at the party.在聚会上他遇到的是他最好的朋友。It was years of hard work that made him successful.正是多年努力才造就了他的成功。【知识拓展】(1)强调句型的一般疑问句:Is/Was it+被强调部分+that/who+句子其他部分?(2)强调句型的特殊疑问句:疑问词(被强
28、调部分)+is/was+it+that+句子其他部分?(3)not.until.结构的强调句型:It is/was not until从句+that+句子其他部分。【长难句分析】难句1 At that time I discovered blogging and found that I took pretty good pictures.(P50)【句子解构】本句and连接两个并列谓语discovered和found,that引导的宾语从句作found的宾语。【参考译文】那时我发现了写博客,并且觉得自己拍的照片很不错。难句2 When I post the picture online,I
29、will make a comment about how bad it is to feed wild crocodiles.(P51)【句子解构】本句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句,how(bad)引导的宾语从句作介词about的宾语,宾语从句中it作形式主语,而to feed wild crocodiles为真正的主语。【参考译文】当我把这张照片发布到网上时,我会评论给野生鳄鱼喂食有多么糟糕。一、基本特征动词-ing形式作定语分为前置定语和后置定语。语法精讲突破【用法展示】1.They talked in a low voice in order not to wake up the
30、 sleeping girl.他们低声说话,以免吵醒那个睡着的女孩。2.The student making the experiment in the lab is our monitor.在实验室里做实验的学生是我们的班长。3.She found herself in an embarrassing position.她发现自己处于尴尬的境地。4.They built a highway leading into the mountains.他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。【自我总结】1.句1为动词-ing形式作定语,它与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系。2.句2,4为动词-ing短语作定语
31、,放在所修饰的名词后。3.句3为形容词化的动词-ing形式单独作定语,放在所修饰的名词前。二、主要用法精析 动词-ing形式既包括动名词又包括现在分词,在英语中使用极其广泛,同时也是高考中的重要考点。就动词-ing形式在句中作定语的用法总结如下:动词-ing形式作定语,在句中通常有两个位置,如果是单个的动词-ing形式作定语,常放在被修饰词前作前置定语;如果是动词-ing形式的短语作定语,常放在被修饰词后作后置定语。例如:1.He is an attacking player.他是一位攻击型运动员。2.A little child learning to walk often falls.学走
32、路的小孩常常摔跤。【名师点津】当动词-ing形式作后置定语时,相当于相应的定语从句。例如:The girl sitting next to me was my cousin.The girl who sat next to me was my cousin.坐在我旁边的女孩是我表妹。动词-ing形式作定语通常从以下四个方面考查,即:1.说明被修饰词的性质、特征或用途。例如:They set up an operating table in a small temple.他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。He may be in the reading room,for all I know.据我所
33、知,他可能在阅览室里。2.与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作。例如:There were about 200 children studying in the art school.有大约两百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。Who is the woman talking to our English teacher?正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁?3.有些动词-ing形式已经转化成形容词,常作定语用来修饰物,表示“令人的”。常用的此类词有:exciting,amusing,amazing,astonishing,shocking,puzzling,confusing,disappoin
34、ting,discouraging,pleasing,striking,boring,tiring,touching,moving,interesting,satisfying,terrifying,frightening等。例如:That must have been a terrifying experience.那一定是一段可怕的经历。The experiment was an amazing success.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。4.如果v.-ing形式与被修饰词之间是被动关系,就用它的被动式,即being done。being done通常表示正在被做,常作后置定语。例如:The tall building being built now is our new school.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。The question being discussed was presented by the headmaster.正在被讨论的问题是由校长提出的。本课结束
