1、基础知识自测Unit 4 Wildlife protection一、单词拓展(A)单词派生1._ vt.保护_ n.保护protectprotection2._ n.仁慈；宽恕_ adj.仁慈的；怜悯的3._ n.重要性_adj.重要的importanceimportantmercymerciful4._ vi.成功;vt.继承;接任_ n.成功_ adj.成功的_ adj.不成功的succeedsuccesssuccessfulunsuccessful5._ n./vt.损害;伤害;危害_ adj.有害的_ adj.无害的harmharmfulharmless(B)灵活运用 用所给词的适当形
2、式填空。1.The _(protect)of wildlife has become urgent because more and more animals are dying out.在theof sth.结构中,需要一个名词。protection3.Most of the students _(success)passed the exam in the end.修饰动词passed,故用副词。2.The _(mercy)king saved the poor old man.修饰名词king,故用形容词。successfullymerciful4.The old man told hi
3、s son that he should realize the _(important)of saving.在theof sth.结构中,需要一个名词。5.It is _(harm)to smoke too much.作表语,结合意思可知应填harmful。importanceharmful二、短语翻译1._ 在危险中;垂危2._ 如释重负;松了口气3._ 突然笑起来4._ 注意pay attention to in danger(of)in reliefburst into laughter5._ 形成;产生6._ 按照;根据所说7._ 灭亡;逐渐消失8._ 以至于;结果so that c
4、ome into beingaccording todie out9._ 和平地；和睦地10._ 保护不受11._ 渴望做某事12._ 被用来做be used to doin peaceprotect.fromlong to do sth.三、语篇填空 Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth.1 _ most famous of these animals are dinosaurs.They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago,long
5、2 _ humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.There were many 3 _(difference)kinds of dinosaur and a number of 4 _(they)used to live in China.themdifferentbeforeTheNot long ago a rare new species of bird-like dinosaur 5 _(discover)in Chaoyang County,Liaoning Province.When sc
6、ientists inspected the bones,they were surprised 6 _(find)that these dinosaurs could not only run like the others but also climb 7 _(tree).treesto findwas discovered Dinosaurs died out suddenly about 65 million years ago.Some scientists think it came after an 8 _(expect)incident when a huge rock fro
7、m space hit the earth and put too much dust into the air.9 _ think the earth got too hot for the dinosaurs to live on any more.Nobody knows for sure 10 _ and how dinosaurs disappeared from the earth in such a short time.whyOthersunexpected1.The 最高级前用the。2.before 指在人类出现很久之前。3.different 在名词kinds前作定语，用
8、形容词。4.them 作介词of的宾语，用宾格。5.was discovered 主语与discover是被动关系，又与ago连用，可知用一般过去时的被动语态。6.to find 在作表语和补语的形容词后作状语只能用不定式。7.trees 名词复数表示泛指。8.unexpected 指“突如其来的”事件。9.Others 与上面的Some scientists相对。10.why 指没有人确切知道为什么又是怎么样恐龙在地球上消失的。五、语段改错 The flown carpet travelled so fast that nextminute they were in Zimbabwe.Dai
9、sy turneddown and found that she was being watchedby an elephant.“Have you come to take yourphoto?”it asked.flyingturned around/roundmyIn a relief Daisy burst into laughing.“Dontlaugh,”said the elephant,“We used to be anendangered species.Farmers hunted us withmercy.They said we destroied their farm
10、s,and money from tourists only went to the large tour companies.laughterwithoutdestroyedSo the government decided help.Theyallowed tourists to hunt only the certain number of animals whether they paid the farmers.Now the farmers are happy and our numbers are increasing.”toifnumber ofa certain1.flown
11、 flying 表示“正在飞行的”。2.turned down turned around/round意为“转过身来”。3.your my 意思是：你来给“我”拍照？4.删除In a relief 中的a 因in relief是固定词组，意为“如释重负”。5.laughing laughter 习惯上说burst into laughter或burst out laughing。因此，也可不改laughing，而将into改为out。6.with without 因without mercy 意为“毫不留情”。7.destroied destroyed 拼写错误。8.在decided后加to
12、由decide to do sth.可知。9.the certain number of a certain number of 意为“一定数量的”。10.whether if 引出条件状语从句，意为“如果”。重点词汇讲练1.appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到例句 You should pay more attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.你们应该多关注我生活的热带雨林，并且懂得热带雨林的动物是如何在一起生活的。用法 appreciate 一般用名
13、词、代词或动名词充当宾语，但不能接不定式作宾语。注意 appreciate和thank都可表示“感激，感谢”，但appreciate的宾语是sth.,而thank的宾语是sb.。运用 填入一个适当的词或按提示完成句子。The sound quality was poor so we couldnt fully_(欣赏音乐)I would much appreciate _ if you could come to my party.appreciate the music it appreciate your helping us/thank you for helping us/are gr
14、ateful to you for helping us We _(感谢你帮助我们)2.succeed vi.成功 vt.接替;继任例句 What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?如果野生动物保护要成功的话，我们必须要做些什么?succeed in doing sth.成功做某事be successful in doing sth.成功做某事搭配运用 根据提示完成句子。The astronauts_(成功返回)from the moon to the earth according to the plan.succeeded
15、in returning He_(接替他父亲)as president of the company.succeeded his father One of the keys to _(success)business is careful planning.successful3.employ vt.雇用;利用(时间、精力等)例句 The company employs 1,200 people.该公司雇用了1200人。写出下列词语的汉语意思。employee n._ employer n._ employment n._ unemployment n._(5)the unemployed
16、_派生雇员，雇工雇主雇用;受雇失业失业的人思考 研读下列例句，归纳employ的常用搭配。He was employed as a bus driver.They employed her to look after the baby.She employs her free time in sewing/to sew.He employed himself in(=was employed in/was busy)watering the garden.根据以上例句，可归纳如下搭配。employ sb._ 雇用某人为 employ sb._ sth.雇用某人做某事 employ sth._
17、sth.利用某物干某事 employ oneself in=be _ 忙于 搭配employed inasto doto do/in doing/busy4.harm n.&vt.损害;危害例句Hard work never did anyone any harm.努力工作对谁都没有害处。搭配do harm to sb.=do sb.harm对某人有害处come to no harm 没受损害There is no harm in doing做是无害的谚语 Harm set，harm get.害人反害己。派生 harmful adj.有害的 harmless adj.无害的运用 根据汉语意思完
18、成英语句子。不妨一试。There is no harm _.Our dog wont_(伤害你).in tryingharm you Such books _(对年轻人危害很大)我对你没有恶意。I mean you no harm=I meant no harm _.The child fell over but _(没伤着)came to no harm do great harm to young people/do young people great harm to you 5.die out(指物种)灭绝;火慢慢熄灭;渐渐消亡原句 As a result these endanger
19、ed animals may even die out.结果这些濒危动物甚至可能会灭绝。(B2P25)例句 Many wild animals have died out in the past few years.在过去几年里，许多野生动物都已灭绝了。die away 减弱(以致觉察不到)；淡化die of 死于(饥饿；疾病)die from 死于(外界引起的)be dying forto do sth.渴望联想运用 填入一个恰当的词。Nowadays,many old customs are _(渐渐消亡)because of the influences of foreign festi
20、valsdying out A great number of people _(死于)the earthquake which broke out at midnight years ago The young mans grandfather _(死于)a heart attackdied of died from 例句 Why are some valuable plants in danger of disappearing?为什么有些珍稀植物濒临灭绝?6.in danger(of)在危险中;垂危原句 Why are they in danger ofdisappearing？它们为什
21、么会有消失的危险？(B2P25)联想in need of 需要in honor of 纪念(=in memory of)in search of 寻找in charge of 掌管；负责(2)Although he was _(处于危险中)at the beginning,he finally was _(脱离危险).in dangerout of danger运用 The man_ _(有丧命的危险)if he doesnt accept any operation will be in danger of losing his life7burst into+n.=burst out do
22、ing 突然起来(尤指哭、笑、唱等)例句 Everyone burst into laughter when they heard the joke told by David听到大卫所讲的笑话后，每个人都笑了起来。burst into laughter=burst out laughing 突然笑起来burst into tears=burst out crying 突然哭起来burst into song=burst out singing 突然唱起来联想运用 根据提示完成下列句子。Hearing the news that her father died from an accident
23、,the girl _(突然哭起来)All the audience _ (突然笑起来)when they saw the famous comic stars performance burst into laughter/out laughing burst into tears/out crying8protectfromagainst保护不受(危害)例句 It is necessary for us to protect our eyes from sunshine有必要保护我们的眼睛免受阳光伤害。区别preventstopkeep sbfrom doing阻止某人做某事区别preve
24、nt/stop/keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事运用根据提示完成下列句子。When it is raining,it is necessary for you to wear an umbrella _(保护你免被雨淋湿)to protect yourself from the rain People are becoming aware of the necessity _(保护环境免受污染)I tried many times to _(阻止他吸烟)，but I failed at last prevent/keep/stop him from smoking
25、to protect the environment from pollution 9pay attention to 注意例句The government should pay more attention to poor peoples need政府应该更加关注穷人们的需求。catch sbs attention 吸引某人的注意力draw sbs attention to sth吸引某人注意某事give ones attention to 注意联想运用 根据提示完成下列句子。The famous film stars performance _(吸引了所有人的注意力)As teachers
26、,we should _ _(更加注意学生的反应)in classes pay more attention to students reaction caught all peoples attention 10come into being 形成；产生例句 Scientists have found out how the world came into being at the very beginning.科学家们老早就已经查明世界形成的原因。come into effect 实施come into use 投入使用come into power 上台执政联想运用 根据提示完成下列句子
27、。The new law _(开始实施)next week The new machines bought last month_(投入使用)tomorrow The president of America _ _(上台执政)since 2010 has come into power will come into effect will come into use 11long to do sth渴望做某事例句Mike has always longed to have a camera to record the beauty of nature迈克一直渴望着拥有一部相机来记录下自然的美
28、丽。说明long adj.远的;长久的;vi.渴望表示“渴望”的短语还有：用动词表示：long/desire/starve to do sth；longdesirestarve for sth用形容词：be dyingthirstyeageranxioushungry to do sth联想运用根据汉语意思完成英文句子。A great number of young people in the country _(渴望城市生活)long for/are anxious for city life The students in our class _ _ _(渴望上英语课)The little
29、 boy whose parents are not at home _(渴望父母亲的爱)longs for parents love/is anxious for parents love long to have English classes/are anxious to have English classes 12be used to do被用来做例句Computer is being used to solve many difficult scientific problems电脑被用来解决很多科学难题。be used to doing sth习惯于做某事be used to d
30、o sth.被用来做某事 (=be used for doing sth.)used to do sth过去常常做某事联想运用 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。他过去常和朋友们一起玩，而现在他已经习惯于独处了。He_ with his friends,but now he _ aloneused to playis used to staying 水不仅被用来饮用，还用来灌溉植物。Water _，but also_ used to irrigate plants.is not only used to drink写作句型仿写例句 My brother lives in the room with i
31、ts window facing south.我弟弟住在窗户朝南的房间里。1.with+宾语+非谓语动词宾补原句 She turned around and there was an antelope with a sad face looking at her.她转过身来，一只羚羊一脸苦相望着她。(B2P26)说明 该结构在句中除用作定语外,还可用作状语,表原因、伴随、方式等。常见的有：to do 主动,将要发生的动作doing 表示主动,正在发生的动作done 被动或完成了的动作with+宾语+有很多作业要做,我没空陪妈妈去逛街。_,I have no time to go shoppin
32、g with my mother.仿写 根据汉语意思,完成英文句子。With a lot of homework to do 钥匙丢了,他进不了家门。_,he couldnt get into his house.她住在那个亮着灯的房子里。She lives in the house _ _.With the key lostburning(定语)with the light2.主句+so that因此(结果)；以便(目的)例句 I study hard so that I may not fail in the examinations.我要努力学习，以免考试不及格。用法 引导目的状语从句时
33、，从句的谓语常有can，could，may，might等情态动词引导结果状语从句时，从句谓语不用情态动词。仿写 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。她早上起得早，以便成为第一个到达那儿的人。She got up early in the morning _./in order that she could=so as to/in order to be the first to get there so that 他父亲开车时把所有的车窗都关了以免他感冒。His father drove with all the windows closed _.so that he should not catch
34、cold(3)珍妮已经知道这个消息了，因此她一点都不开心。Jenny had already known the news _.so that she was not happy at all3.the way(that/in which)的方法例句They learned this from the way the bones were joined together.他们从骨骼连接方式中学到这一点。(1)way表示“方式；方法”时,如果先行词way在定语从句中作状语,那么可以用that或in which来引导,也可以省略that或in which。如果way在定语从句中作主语或宾语,则用t
35、hat或which引导,that/which在定语从句中作宾语时也可省略。(2)way表示“方式；方法”时,其后还可接不定式或of doing sth.的形式。说明仿写 根据汉语意思,完成下列英文句子。(1)学校活动通常被认为是一种不错的交友和培养新兴趣的方法。School activities are usually considered _ and developing new interests.a good way of making new friends the way you look at the world(2)往往是你日常生活中发生的事情会改变你看待世界和人们的方式。Much too often,something that happens in your daily life will change _ and the people in it.Thank You!
