1、Unit 4Sharing分 享Warming Up&Readingzxxkw学科网学.科.网.下面是本部分的重点词汇，你能准确填出内容吗？1.根据词性及汉语写出单词及其拓展形式。(1)_(adj.)有关的；切题的(2)_(conj.)否则；不然(adv.)用别的方法；其他方面(3)_(n.)特权；特别优待relevantotherwiseprivilege学科网(4)muddy(adj.)泥泞的；泥土般的_(n.)泥，泥泞(5)rectangle(n.)矩形；长方形_(adj.)长方形的；矩形的(6)adjust(vi.&vt.)调整；(使)适合_(n.)调整；适合(7)participat
2、e(vi.)参与；参加_(n.)参加_(n.)参加者，参与者(8)arrangement(n.)安排；排列_(v.)安排；排列mudrectangularadjustmentparticipationparticipantarrange2.短语互译。(1)_接到的信(2)_极想；渴望(3)_适应(4)_确切地，肯定(5)_不久前的一天(6)_偶然遇到hear from(be)dying toadapt tofor surethe other daycome across(7)to be honest_(8)make a difference_(9)shake hands with sb._(1
3、0)upside down_(11)dry out_(12)dry up_说实话产生影响与某人握手颠倒地(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透(指河流、井等)干涸.语篇导读A.What Jo experienced in the home of one of the boys in his class.B.Tombes father showed Jo around his house.C.Jo introduced something about his high school and his students.D.Jo was glad to hear from Rosemary and wrot
4、e back to her.E.Jo left Tombes home with satisfaction.F.The conditions in this school were very poor.答案:D C F A B Ezxxkw【读悟思】Generalize the main idea of the passage using about 30 words.The passage is written by a young volunteer who is working as a high school teacher in Papua New Guinea.She writes
5、 of her experiences as a teacher and on a visit to a students village.1.hear(sth.)from sb.接到某人的信、电话等It was wonderful to hear from you.收到你的来信真是太棒了。I havent heard anything from her for months.我好几个月都没她的音信了。【拓展】hear of/about听说，得知hear sb.out听某人把话说完Hear me out before you decide.先听我说完你再做决定。【即学即练】用hear from
6、,hear of,hear out填空I have never _ such a thing.How often do you _ your sister?Im serious about this;_ me _,please.heard ofhear fromhearout2.(be)dying to do.极想做I know youre dying to hear all about my life here，so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.我知道你急于了解我在这
7、儿的生活情况，所以我在信中附有几张照片，它们会帮助你想象出我所谈到的地方。There is no doubt that all the Syrians are dying to live a peaceful life.毫无疑问，所有的叙利亚人都渴望过安宁的生活。【拓展】(1)be dying for sth.极想得到某物(2)同义表达还有:表示“渴望得到”的短语:be thirsty for sth.;have a strong desire for sth.;starve for sth.;long for sth.表示“渴望做”的短语:be eager to do sth.;desire
8、 to do sth.;long to do sth.;be keen to do sth.;have an urge to do sth.The children are dying for the Christmas gifts.孩子们期盼圣诞礼物。Fewer people desire to live in the north of the country.想住在这个国家北方的人就更少了。【即学即练】完成句子中国人民渴望发展经济。The Chinese people _ the economy.我非常想得到一盒巧克力，而她非常想去看展览。I _ a box of chocolates,w
9、hile she _ the exhibit.are dying to developam dying foris dying to see3.the other day不久前的一天(=a few days ago)Have you seen my daughter recently?你最近见到过我女儿吗？I saw her at the bank the other day.不久前的一天我在银行见到过她。【辨析】the other day“不久前的一天”，只能用于一般过去时one day“某一天”，既可用于一般过去时，又可用于一般将来时some day“将来某一天”，只能用于一般将来时ano
10、ther day改天【即学即练】选词填空We had a letter from Li Ping _.(some day;the other day)She hopes to own her own business _.(one day;some day)We cant go there today.We can go _.(the other day;another day)the other dayone day/some dayanother day4.relevant adj.有关的；切题的Sometimes I wonder how relevant chemistry is to
11、 these students,most of whom will be going back to their villages after Year 8 anyway.有时候，我真想知道化学对这些孩子究竟有多大的用处。反正他们中大多数上完八年级以后就会回到他们的村庄去。Maintaining peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula is in line with the common interests of relevant parties.维护朝鲜半岛的和平与稳定符合有关各方的共同利益。His nationality isnt relev
12、ant to whether hes a good lawyer.他的国籍与他是否是个优秀的律师无关。【拓展】be relevant to与有关relevantly adv.有关地；切题地relevancen.关联;贴切;中肯irrelevant adj.无关的；不切题的be irrelevant to sth.sb.与某物人不相关Dont care about the irrelevant remarks.不要在乎这些不相关的言论。【即学即练】一句多译这个年轻人与这起凶杀案有关。The young man _ the murder.The young man _ the murder.The
13、 young man _ the murder.The young man _ the murder.had something to do withwas related towas relevant towas connected with5.adjust vi.vt.调整；(使)适合The hut was dark inside so it took time for our eyes to adjust.小屋内很黑，因此我们的眼睛要过好一阵才能适应过来。The US urged the Chinese government to adjust its monetary policy.美
14、国敦促中国政府调整货币政策。【拓展】(1)adjust sth.to sth.调整以适应adjust to sth./doing sth.适应于adjust oneself to.使自己适应于(2)adjustable adj.可调整的；可调节的adjustment n.调节；调整；校正make adjustments to对作出调整He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.他使自己很快适应了这个国家的炎热气候。Adjust your language to the age of your audience.要根据听
15、众的年龄使用相应的语言。【即学即练】完成句子新来的同学看来适应了学校生活。It seems that the newcomers _ in the school.退伍军人们很难适应平民生活。The former soldiers have difficulty _ civilian life.have adjusted themselvesin adjusting to6.participate vi.参与；参加I loved listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language，even though I
16、 could not participate in the conversation.我喜欢听他们家里人轻声细语地用自己的语言交谈，尽管我不能参与谈话。【拓展】participate in参加participation n.参加；参与participant n.参加者；参与者China will continue to develop friendly exchanges with other countries and participate in international cooperation.中国将继续与其他国家进行友好的交流活动并参与国际合作。【辨析】participate侧重指参
17、加某一项活动，常与in搭配attend侧重于到场、出席take part in侧重参加者持积极的态度并在其中起一定的作用join侧重指参加某一机构、组织并成为其中的一员join(sb.)in参与某种已在进行着的活动【助记】如何“参加”?加入组织join选，出席到场attend用。参加活动起作用，take part in来闹场。和人一起来活动，join sb.in来凑份。提起participate,和in作伴齐参加。【即学即练】用participate in,take part in,join和attend填空Do you know how many countries _the London
18、Olympic Games?They will _ an important meeting tomorrow.Her wish is to _ the army after graduation.participated in/took part inattend/take part injoin7.dry out(使浸水等之物)完全变干；干透Tombe told me that the can was heated to dry out the leftover food.汤贝告诉我说，加热锡罐是为了把里面的残菜剩饭烧干。Keep your wet coat near the fire a
19、nd dry it out quickly.把你的湿大衣拿到炉火旁，快把它烤干。Water the plants regularly,never letting the soil dry out.定期给植物浇水，别让土壤干透了。【辨析】不同点相同点dry out强调浸水等物的完全变干；干透两词既可以作及物动词，也可以作不及物动词dry up强调河流、井等干涸；枯竭【即学即练】完成句子在干旱期间，我们家乡的河流都干涸了。During the drought,all the rivers _ in our hometown.把湿衣服拿到太阳底下去晒干。_ the wet clothes in th
20、e sun.dried upDry out8.otherwise(1)conj.&adv.否则；不然Otherwise they dont waste anything.否则，他们不会浪费任何东西。Seize the chance,otherwise youll regret it.抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。(2)adv.用别的方法；其他方面The rent is a bit high,but otherwise the house is satisfactory.这所房子租金贵了点，但在其他方面倒是令人满意的。【拓展】(1)同义短语:or else否则；in other ways在其他方
21、面。(2)or otherwise或相反。Paul always goes to school very early,sunny or otherwise.保罗总是很早就去上学，无论晴天还是相反。【名师点津】otherwise连接的句子如果表示与事实相反，则用虚拟语气。Thank you for your help!Otherwise,we would not have finished our task on time.多谢你的帮助！不然的话，我们是不可能按时完成任务的。【即学即练】完成句子昨天我很忙。否则我就能帮你了。I was busy yesterday._.你的书写不是很好，但在其他
22、方面这篇作文还令人满意。Your handwriting is not good,_.Otherwise I would have helped youbut otherwise the compositionis satisfactory9.The other day I was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when,before I knew it,the mixture was bubbling over everywhere!有一天，我正在给男孩子们做每周一次的化学实验的演示，我还没明白怎么回事，混合剂就到处冒泡了!
23、【分析】1)when是并列连词，连接两个并列分句。before I knew it是时间状语。2)本句为“was/were doing+when+一般过去时”句式，意为“正在做就在这时”；when为并列连词，意为“正在这时”。I was watching TV when there was a loud knock at the door.我正在看电视，这时响起了猛烈的敲门声。【想一想】还有哪些句式中使用并列连词when?【拓展延伸】when还可用于:be about to do.when.即将要做就在这时be on the point of doing.when.正要做就在这时had jus
24、t done.when.刚做完了就在这时【即学即练】完成句子我正要睡觉，这时他来看我了。I _ he came to see me.我正在电脑上下棋，这时电话铃响了。I was playing computer chess _.was just about to go to bed whenwhen the phone rang10.We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst up a mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic views and then down a stee
25、p path to the valley below.我们走了两个半小时到那儿。先爬到山脊，在那儿我们欣赏了优美的风景，然后下了一个陡坡到了下面的山谷。【分析】1)句子结构分析:We walked for two and a half hours to get therefirst upa mountain to a ridge from where we had fantastic viewsand then down a steep path to the valley below.对行程进行说明连接 first.和then.句子主干引导定语从句，修饰a ridge2)from where
26、是“从某处”，指大概的地方；而from which是“从那个”，往往指具体的东西。She was standing behind the curtain,from where she could see what was happening outside.她站在窗帘后面，从那儿她能看见外面发生的事情。In nature,there is nothing more important than the sun,fromwhich we get heat and light.在自然界，没有比太阳更重要的东西，从太阳中我们得到光和热。【即学即练】完成句子晚饭后,他通常站在窗户旁,从那里他能看见塔。
27、After supper,he usually stood near the window,_.我在黑暗中看到一位妇女朝我跑来，我还没认出她是谁，她就朝她来的方向跑回去了。I saw a woman running towards me in the dark.Before I could recognize who she was,she had run back in the direction _ _.from wherehe could see the towerfromwhich she had come11.Tombes father,Mukap,led us to his hou
28、se,a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roofthis shows it is a mans house.【分析】1)该句中含有多个同位语，主句部分为Tombes father led us to his house。2)Mukap是Tombes father的同位语；with grass sticking out of the roof是复合结构，在句中作定语修饰hut；句中的破折号表示进一步解释说明。【即学即练】将上面的句子翻译成汉语汤贝的父亲莫卡普把我们带到他的家里。这是一个低矮的竹屋，屋顶伸出一簇茅草它表示这间竹屋是男人住
29、的。12.When hot,he placed them in an empty oil drum with kaukau(sweet potato),corn and greens.待(石块)烧热之后，他把它们连同考考(红薯)、玉米和青菜一起放进一个空的油桶中。【分析】1)When hot是一个省略句，完整的句子应是:When the stones were hot。2)状语从句的省略现象当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句的主语是it,且有系动词be时，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。Work hard when(you are)young,or youll regret.少壮不努力，老
30、大徒伤悲。Unless(it is)necessary,youd better not refer to the dictionary.如果没必要，你最好不要查字典。【名师点津】当从句的主语和主句的宾语一致时，也有这样的省略。Her father told her to be careful when(she was)crossing the street.她爸爸告诉她，过马路时要小心。【即学即练】完成句子她匆忙离开房间，好像生气了。She left the room hurriedly _.当詹妮沿着河岸走时，她注意到有什么东西很不寻常。_,Jenny noticed something u
31、nusual.as if angryWhen(she was)walking along the riverside1.privilege n.特权；特别优待It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombesfamily.和汤贝一家度过一天，真是一种殊荣。【拓展】It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣have the privilege to do/of doing sth.=have the right to do sth.有特权(权利)干某事You can enjoy all the benefi
32、ts and privileges of club membership.你可以享受俱乐部成员的一切福利和优惠。It was a privilege to hear her sing.能听她唱歌十分荣幸。Only members have the privilege to use it.只有会员才有特权使用它。【即学即练】完成句子只有本校的学生才能享受免费用餐的特权。Only the students in this school can _ the free meals.能认识你真是莫大的荣幸。_ to know you.enjoy the privilege ofIt is a privi
33、lege2.arrangement n.安排；排列【拓展】(1)come to an arrangement 谈妥；达成协议make arrangements for.为作好准备；为作好安排have an arrangement with sb.to do sth.与(某人)商定或约好干某事(2)arrange vt.&vi安排，整理，筹备arrange(for sb.)to do sth.安排(某人)做某事arrange that.安排We can come to an arrangement over the price.我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。Ill make arrangeme
34、nts for you to be met at the airport.我会安排人到机场接你。Please arrange for a taxi to pick me up at 6:00am.请安排一辆出租车上午6:00来接我。【即学即练】完成句子We _ our vacation.(arrangement)我们已经为假期作了安排。Can I _ for Monday?(arrange)我可以安排星期一见面吗？have already made arrangements forarrange an appointment3.But last weekend another teacher,
35、Jenny,and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys,Tombe.不过，上周末我和另外一个叫詹妮的教师真的去访问了一个村庄，那是我的学生汤贝的家。【分析】(1)本句是个复合句。(2)句中which引导的是个定语从句，修饰先行词village。(3)句中did visit为一种强调形式。英语中强调谓语动词时，用“do/does/did+动词原形”来表示，意为“确实，一定，肯定”。这种强调句型只有一般现在时和一般过去时两种，只对肯定的谓语动词进行强调，do在句中要重读。Do be careful when cros
36、sing the street.过马路时一定要当心。He does work hard at his lessons.他学习的确很努力。You did lose your temper the other day,but it doesnt matter.你那天的确发脾气了，但没关系。【即学即练】句型转换(强调谓语动词)She really wants to make peace with you.She _ to make peace with you.He came here yesterday.He _ here yesterday.does wantdid come.阅读理解Amber
37、 has a degree in business management and economics.She put her skills to good use when she spent eleven months in Cambodia through World Hope International as a volunteer working with a local micro-finance(小 额 信 贷)company to help the poor get financial services.Ambers first few weeks in Cambodia wer
38、e busy and difficult as she tried to learn the language,understand the culture and get used to her new surroundings.Her volunteer service involved working with a local micro-finance company.In addition to writing plans,preparing international marketing materials and building donor(捐赠人)relations,Ambe
39、r met with company clients.During these visits she learned how the small loans they received transformed their lives.She learned first-hand the benefits of micro-finance,which by providing farmers and small-business owners with affordable working capital(such as money to buy a sewing machine)helped
40、them to earn their way out of poverty(贫穷).“It never stopped amazing me when a client would show me a new home that was built because of a loan he received or the way a clients business had improved and thus allowed his children to be sent to school,”Amber said.Amber recalled that one client called P
41、aul walked her all around his house,pointing to what he had done with each of eight loans hed received.He explained how every loan had improved his familys quality of life.Amber said he was one of the hardest-working men she had ever met.He had suffered greatly in the Cambodian Civil War and became
42、disabled,but not once did he let it kill his dreams of realizing a better life for his family.His latest purchase,a sound system that he rented out for weddings and other parties doubled his income!Amber said,“Living and working in Cambodia helped me see the world in new ways and made me aware of th
43、e hardship and suffering that many people around the world face every day.Those eleven months were some of the most meaningful months of my life.”Amber作为志愿者在柬埔寨生活、工作了十一个月，并通过帮助当地人摆脱贫穷，对世界有了新的看法。1.Whats the best title for this passage?A.World Hope International.B.Benefits of micro-finance.C.Ambers vo
44、lunteer experience in Cambodia.D.Poverty in developing countries.【解析】选C。主旨大意题。通读全文，主要介绍了Amber在柬埔寨的志愿者经历。2.Ambers volunteer work in Cambodia included all of the following things EXCEPT _.A.teaching the languageB.meeting with company clientsC.writing plansD.building donor relations【解 析】选 A。细 节 理 解 题。根
45、 据 第 二 段 writing plans,preparing international marketing materials and building donor relations,Amber met with company clients可知，文章没有提到Amber教当地人语言。3.It can be inferred from the passage that _.A.Amber met with no difficulties after she arrived in CambodiaB.Amber is the leader of World Hope Internatio
46、nalC.few children go to school because there arent enough schools in CambodiaD.many local people in Cambodia changed their lives with the loans【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段how the small loans they received transformed their lives和第三段内容可知，小额信贷项目让很多人受益，改变了他们的生活。4.Which of the following statements about Paul is T
47、RUE?A.Each of the loans he had received helped him a lot.B.He was poor because he didnt work as hard as others.C.He became disabled because of a car accident.D.He bought a sound system for his wedding.【解 析】选 A。细 节 理 解 题。根 据 第 四 段 every loan had improved his familys quality of life可知，每次小额信贷都帮助他改善了他和他
48、家人的生活。5.After living and working in Cambodia as a volunteer,Amber _.A.planned to travel to more countriesB.changed her view of the worldC.decided to be a lifelong volunteerD.became aware of how happy her life was【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段helped me see the world in new ways可知，Amber在柬埔寨的志愿者经历改变了她对世界的看法。.信息匹配
49、有5个人各自在寻找夏威夷的一个小岛度假。请阅读下列相关信息，并按要求匹配信息。请阅读下列有关夏威夷各岛屿的介绍:A.Maui is a magical place.It now offers exceptional vacation activities.Experience sunrise at the top of Haleakala Crater,play on championship golf courses,browse historic Lahainatown for pearls and other treasures,and relax at world-class reso
50、rts along white-sand beaches at Kaanapali,Wailca,Makena,and Kapalua.B.The surfers and skyscrapers of Waikiki Beach are world-famous,but the USA Arizona,Memorial at Pearl Port,downtown Honolulus historic Lolani Palace and thriving Chinese town,and the Polynesian Cultural Center also attract Oahu visi
51、tors.And sunset at Waimea Bay is unforgettable.C.The Big Island goes by several nicknames,including Orchid Island,thanks to its tropical rainforests,and volcano island,a nod to still-active Kilauea.The big island also includes the 13,792-foot Mauna Kca.D.Kauai is Hawaiis oldest and most tropical isl
52、and.From its far beaches beneath the Na Pali coast cliffs to Waimea,from mystical Hanalei to Bali Hai mountain,this is a place of unequalled beauty.Strange species flock to the Kilauea Point National Wildlife Refuge,while vacationers prefer the sunny Poipu Beach and Prineeville resort areas.E.Theres
53、 no public transport on the tiny island,Lanai,but you can rent a four-wheeler and drive 100 miles of paved and unpaved roads,past uncrowded beaches.Despite its size,Lanai offers a large variety of activities,including hiking through ancient ruins,horseback riding and golf.F.Molokai is more undisturb
54、ed and less developed than Hawaiis other islands.Its distant park,Kalaupapa National Historical Park,can be reached by hiking,on mule-back,or by a small plane.Those who drive on Molokais coastal highway meet St.Josephs church and tropical gardens,ancient temples and a rainforest,and scenic waterfall
55、s.以下是五人的情况说明，请匹配符合各人要求的最佳去处。1.Maggie is interested in biology and she likes all kinds of animals.She wants to visit an island with the longest history so that she can see the most unusual animals.2.Steven likes to experience the pleasure of riding mule and wants to see ancient temples and beautiful
56、waterfalls besides a rainforest.3.Catherine dislikes modern forms of transport.She thinks it is not good for the protection of the environment.So she prefers an island providing vehicles which bring no pollution to the island.She hopes to experience all sorts of activities.Horse-riding is her favori
57、te.4.Mike has an interest in the culture of Polynesia and likes the scenery with tall buildings standing on the beach.He prefers to see sunset.5.Tom hopes to spend his holiday on an island where he can enjoy the beautiful scenery of tropical rainforests.He also looks forward to having a chance to look at an active volcano because he has never seen one as a geography student.答案:15.DFEBC
