1、2019版高考（人教）英语一轮基础达标练：必修3U5含答案*阅读理解A new “smart bin” could mean the end of environment-conscious families spending hours sorting tins, cartons, bottles, and cardboard for recycling.The invention, which can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate. It is being tria
2、led in Poland and is set to go on sale in UK within a few years.The bin, designed by start-up company Bin.E, recognizes different type of waste via a system positioned inside the bin which uses sensors, image recognition and artificial intelligence. Once waste is placed inside, the camera and sensor
3、 identify its type and place it in one of the smaller bins. Then it compresses the waste so it occupies less space.It is thought that the bin could be stocked by department stores such as John Lewis, which said it is introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins. Matt Thomas, a buyer at John Lewis, ga
4、ve us the reason, “Weve recently seen a jump in specialist bins sales, with a 25 percent increase in the last few months alone. We have noticed our customers are becoming more and more focused on sustainability. In response to this demand, we are really excited to introduce a smart bin this autumn/w
5、inter season-designed to make recycling more efficient and functional for the everyday home.Bin. Es official release on the market will take place in 2018. However, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available. The office bin will sell at 430 while customers will need to pay
6、 a 107 subscription fee for an accompanying smartphone app, which hooks them up with collection services. A spokesman at Bin. E said that home version of the bin will be cheaper and will not include a monthly payment.They added: “After the office version, we plan to create an outdoor version and lat
7、er the home version. We decided to go for the outdoor version for public areas first because it is more difficult to organize an efficient waste segregating system than in our homes.”1.What do we know about about a new “smart bin” from the first paragraph?A. It works automatically.B. It has been use
8、d widely.C. It is easy to operate.D. It is very expensive.2.What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. The waste.B. The camera.C. The bin.D. The sensor.3.Why is John Lewis introducing more new hi-tech recycling bins?A. To change peoples behaviour,B. To satisfy increasing demands.C
9、. To popularize new technology.D. To make them more famous.4.Where will the first version of new “smart bin” be used according to Bin. Es official?A. At home.B. In the supermarket.C. In the open air.D. In the office.【文章大意】本文介绍了一款可以智能分类垃圾的“智能垃圾箱”。并对它的设计，市场应用进行了介绍。2.C 【解析】词义猜测题。根据上段The invention, whic
10、h can help sort rubbish into recycling categories without needing people to operate这项发明可以帮助垃圾分类，可知it指代the smart bin，故选C。 4.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章However, at first only a larger version designed for offices will be available.最初只有一个为办公室设计的更大胆版本才可以使用。可知最初是在办公室使用，故选D。*单句语法填空1We choose this hotel because the p
11、rice for a night here is down to $20, half of _it used to charge.答案：what分析句子结构可知，本句的“half of _ it used to charge”在句中作$20的同位语，由此可知这里要用what引导名词性从句，作介词of的宾语，同时what在宾语从句中又作charge的宾语，因此填what。2My grandfathers collection of paintings can leave a deep _(impress) on all of you.答案：impressionleave a deep impre
12、ssion on sb. “给某人留下深刻印象”。3They built themselves large villas (别墅) in the wooded _(surround) of the town.答案：surroundings此处surroundings为名词，意为“环境”。4Little babies are _(tradition) expected to imitate their fathers.答案：traditionally此处副词traditionally修饰expected to imitate。5The young woman grew up in a _(wea
13、lth) family.答案：wealthy形容词wealthy “富裕的”修饰名词family。6Children are usually _(terrify) when alone in the dark.答案：terrified形容词terrified “感到害怕的”，在句中作表语。7Nancys first reaction to the news was a strange _(mix) of joy and anger.答案：mixturea mixture of . “的混合体”。8The faces of four famous American presidents on M
14、ount Rushmore can be seen at a _(distant) of 60 miles.答案：distanceat a distance of 60 miles “在60英里外”。9After a long wait, some of them finally get to stay and settle _ , while others have to pack up and leave.答案：downsettle down 为固定短语，在本句中意为“定居”。10Tom managed _(set) aside a few dollars of his wages eac
15、h week to buy a computer.答案：to setmanage to do sth. “设法做成某事”。*完形填空。(20172018太原市第一学期阶段测评)One day when I was 13，my family was working in the fields to clear away old brush when somehow the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and _1_ a fire.We didnt see the fire _2_ it had blocked the way to the only gate.I _3_
16、 to jump over the fence to safety but the fire was all around us.I could only watch in _4_ as the flames continued to rise.Little did I know that my father had once been a(n)_5_ and knew what to do. _6_ with only a pump sprayer，buckets, and his boots，he _7_ down to the nearby pond，filled the buckets
17、 and the sprayer，and began spraying the _8_ while my older brother threw water with the buckets.Soon the wind _9_，however，and with the Fire Department too far away to arrive in time，my father began to stamp(踩灭) out the flames as he moved to the _10_，so that my family was able to move inch by inch to
18、ward the gate._11_ he arrived at the gate，he jumped into the truck，rolled up the windows，and drove _12_ the fire.Then the fire was put out，and my mother was looking at my father with her _13_ eyes.After that，my father began telling us about his days as a firefighter，and my brother and I became _14_，
19、asking him what other jobs he had done before he _15_.Well，it turned out that he had done just about _16_ except brain surgery!He had been in the military as a carpenter，carpet layer，and an electrician，and had built B2 bombers before being poisoned in an accident that had _17_ him to retire.My fathe
20、r has a blood disorder as a result of that _18_，but that hasnt stopped him from being a fulltime electrician.To all those people whose fathers have worked in the military and in other dangerous jobs, be _19_ of them，and remember that some day their _20_ might save your life.1A.prevented BpermittedCw
21、itnessed Dstarted 2A.because BunlessCafter Duntil3A.wanted BmanagedCpromised Dhappened4A.anger BhorrorCexcitement Dembarrassment5A.carpenter BelectricianCfirefighter Deducator6A.Armed BSatisfiedCShared DIdentified7A.slid BfellCdashed Dwalked8A.trees BgrassCflames Dflowers9A.died off Btook onCturned
22、out Dpicked up10A.fence BtruckCfurniture Dbucket11A.If BOnceCSince DWhile12A.through BalongCover Dacross13A.high BwideCfast Dfar14A.curious BsuspiciousCconcerned Danxious15A.moved BresignedCretired Dsuffered16A.everything BnothingCsomething Danything17A.allowed BencouragedCinvited Dforced18A.fire Ba
23、ccidentCattempt Dexplanation19A.afraid BproudCcareful Dashamed20A.culture BlearningCskills Dlanguages【解题导语】本文作者通过讲述火灾中父亲扑灭大火的故事，告诉我们曾经在部队和做过其他危险工作的父亲将来某一天可能会用他们的技能拯救我们的生命，我们应为他们感到骄傲。【核心词汇】as a result of由于，因为(其后跟宾语)be proud of为感到骄傲1D根据该句中的“the electric fence sparked(冒火花)and _1_ a fire”可知，此处表示一场火灾开始了。
24、D项意为“开始，使开始发生”，符合语境。prevent“阻止”；permit“允许”；witness“目击”。2D直到大火堵住了通往唯一的门的路，我们才发现大火。此处考查“not.until.”结构。3A根据语境可知，“我”想(wanted)跳过篱笆，到达安全地带，可是大火包围了我们。manage“设法做成”；promise“许诺”；happen“发生”。4B由上文可知，大火包围了我们，“我”只能惊恐地看着火焰继续上升。in horror“惊恐地”；in anger“生气地”；in excitement“兴奋地”；in embarrassment“尴尬地”。5C根据第二段第一句中的“my fa
25、ther began telling us about his days as a firefighter”可知，父亲曾经是一名消防员。carpenter“木匠，木工”；electrician“电工”；educator“教育工作者”。6A本题考查be armed with的省略结构作状语，意为“用装备或武装”，故选A项。satisfied“满意的，满足的”；shared“共有的”；identified“可辨认的”。7C根据语境可知，父亲应该是冲(dashed)向最近的池塘。slide“滑行”。8C根据上下文可知，此处指开始用水喷向火焰(flames)。9D根据语境可知，此处表示然而很快，风又变
26、强了。pick up“变大，变强”，符合语境。die off“相继死去，先后死去”；take on“呈现，开始具有(某种特征、面貌等)”；turn out“结果是，证明是”。10B根据下文中的“he jumped into the truck”可知，父亲走向卡车。11B考查连词。A项意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句；B项意为“一就，一旦”，引导时间状语从句；C项“自以来，因为，既然”；D项“当时候，尽管”。由上下文可知，此处指父亲一到达大门，就跳进了卡车里。故选B项。12A根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过。through“通过，穿过”，表示运动发生在某物的空间内；along“沿着”；over
27、“在上面”；across“从一边到另一边，横过”，表示动作发生在物体的表面。13B根据语境可知，父亲开着卡车从火中穿过，火最终被扑灭了，所以母亲睁大(wide)眼睛看着父亲。14A根据下文中的“asking him what other jobs he had done”可知，我们是很好奇的(curious)。suspicious“怀疑的，猜疑的”；concerned“(与某事)有关的，有牵连的”； anxious“焦虑的，不安的，担心的”。15C根据语境可知，我们问父亲在退休(retired)之前还做过其他什么工作。下文中的“to retire”也是提示。16A根据第三段对父亲退休前工作的描
28、述可知，父亲做过很多事情，所以此处指除了做脑外科手术之外，父亲几乎什么都做过。everything except“除了之外什么都”符合语境。17D由上下文可知，那场事故迫使(forced)父亲退休。18B根据上下文可知，此处指那场事故(accident)。attempt“尝试”； explanation“解释”。19Bbe proud of “为感到骄傲”符合语境。ashamed“(因自己所做的事而)羞耻的，内疚的，惭愧的”。20C根据上文可知，此处指他们的技能(skills)有朝一日可能拯救你的生命。*单句改错1I caught the sight of an old friend of m
29、ine while I was waiting for the bus._答案：去掉sight前的thecatch sight of “看见；瞥见”，为固定短语。2With water is on all sides, the local people have to go out by boat._答案：去掉is逗号后没有连接词，故“With water on all sides”是with的独立主格结构。3Rather than riding on a crowded bus in the morning, I always prefer to ride a bicycle._答案：rid
30、ingrideprefer to do A rather than do B “比起做B更喜欢做A”。4After the typhoon, people found some tall trees,measured more than 10 meters, lying on the ground._答案：measuredmeasuringmeasure 表示“某物的长度为”时，是连系动词，在本句中，trees和measure为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。5So far as the eyes can see, nothing is to be seen but sand._答案：SoAsas far as the eyes can see “在目所能及的地方”。
