1、Unit 2Healthy eating课时作业.阅读(2020“皖豫联盟体”高中毕业班第一次考试)Do you know that junk food isnt healthy? Of course you do! Do you eat it anyway? Of course you do! But a new study shows teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool can encourage kids to fight backby e
2、ating healthier.The pull of junk food can be superstrong. Its designed to be tasty, which makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it. Yet we keep eating junk food.Professor Christopher Bryan says, “Food compa
3、nies want you to want junk food.” They spend millions of dollars coming up with new ways to promote junk food consumption. They hire scientists to make new junk food almost irresistible. They might do this, for example, by adding more sugar. Rats fed junk food for six weeks will even walk across a f
4、loor that gives them electric shocks just to get more of such food.Food ads often make unhealthy junk food seem healthy by featuring professional athletes, fitlooking pop stars and smiling, active teens. “We thought when the students learned this, it would matter to them，” Bryan says. He worked with
5、 8th graders at a Texas school. Half of them got a lesson Bryan created. It focused on the ways junk food is advertised, or marketed. A second group received lessons that focused on health. These lessons informed students junk food is bad, and that foods like apples or carrots are a better choice. T
6、he students learned a bad diet can lead to major weight gain，and that being overweight puts people at risk for serious diseases. They also learned how eating well now can keep them healthy when theyre older.After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most did
7、nt have positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，让青少年了解食品公司的推销方式比单纯告诉他们垃圾食品的危害更能让他们选择健康的饮食。1Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?ATo express his doubts about junk food.BTo promote the idea of healthy eating.CTo describe the situation of junk food.DTo intro
8、duce the topic for discussion.答案：D推理判断题。通读全文内容可以推断，文章第一段中提及那两个问题是为了引出本文要讨论的话题。2What remains a great health challenge to doctors?AMaking people do more exercise.BMaking people eat healthily.CMaking people lose weight.DMaking people prefer junk food.答案：B细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“Its designed to be tasty, which
9、makes eating well one of the great health challenges of our time. Everyone from doctors to the government has been trying to handle it.”可知，垃圾食品很美味，这使吃得好成为一个巨大的健康挑战，从医生到政府每一个人都一直在努力应对这一挑战。由此可知，对医生而言，让人们吃得健康依然是一个巨大的健康挑战。3What message does Paragraph 3 mainly try to convey?AWhat makes junk food almost i
10、mpossible to resist.BWhat influences junk food can have on consumers.CHow food companies try to get people to reach for junk food.DWhy food companies promote the consumption of junk food.答案：C推理判断题。文章第三段中先提到“食品公司想要消费者吃垃圾食品”，紧接着说到“他们(食品公司)花巨资想办法推广垃圾食品，聘请科学家制作令人无法抗拒的垃圾食品”，接着还举例说“他们可能会往垃圾食品中添加更多的糖”。由此可以
11、推断，作者在本段主要是想告诉读者，食品公司是如何想方设法让人们去吃垃圾食品的。4Which of the following words can best describe Bryans lessons? AShocking.BPopular.CEffective. DAbstract.答案：C推理判断题。文章第四段主要介绍Bryan给德克萨斯州的一所学校的八年级学生们上的课。根据文章最后一段“After the lessons, the kids in both groups were asked how they felt about junk food. Most didnt have
12、positive feelings about these unhealthy foods.”可知，课后当这些孩子被问及他们对垃圾食品的看法时，大多数人对这些不健康的食品都持消极的看法。由此可以推断，Bryan的课是有效的。【词汇积累】irresistible adj. 极诱人的；忍不住想要的feature v. 由主演matter to 对重要【长难句分析】But a new study shows teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool can
13、encourage kids to fight backby eating healthier.但是一项新的研究表明，告诉青少年食品公司如何欺骗他们，让他们认为垃圾食品很酷，可以鼓励孩子们通过更健康的饮食进行反击。分析：这是一个主从复合句。shows后面是一个省略了that的宾语从句；在这个从句中，动名词短语teaching adolescents about the ways food companies fool them into thinking junk food is cool作主语，其中ways后跟一个省略了关系词的定语从句food companies fool them int
14、o thinking junk food is cool，此定语从句中thinking后又跟一个省略了that的宾语从句。.完形填空Many years ago, three hungry soldiers arrived at a small village. The villages, suffering a poor harvest and years of war, quickly 1 the food. The soldiers said, “You have nothing, so we shall share what we have: The 2 of how to make
15、soup from stones.”The villagers became 3 and soon a fire was put to the villagers greatest pot as the soldiers carefully 4 three stones. “Now this will be a fine soup，” said the soldiers, “ 5 some salt and parsley would make it more 6 ！” A woman said, “Ive got some！” Off she ran. 7 with a handful of
16、 parsley. As the pot boiled on, carrots, beef and cream had soon 8 their way into the pot.The soldiers ate and danced and sang well into the night, 9 by the meal and their newlymade friends. The next morning, they awoke to 10 the entire villagers standing before them with their best bread and cheese
17、. “You have given us the greatest 11 ，” said an elder, “and we shall never forget it.” The soldiers turned to the 12 ， and said, “There is no secret but one thing is 13 ： It is only by 14 that we may make a feast.” And off the 15 wandered, down the road to their next destination. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了
18、三个士兵如何巧用石头做汤，从而告诉我们：在分享中获得快乐。1A.ateBpresentedChidDsold 答案：C经历了庄稼欠收和战争蹂躏的村民们，对士兵有防范之心，把粮食都藏(hide)起来了，故选C。2A.importanceBsecretCproblemDmatter答案：B根据第四段中的“There is no secret but one thing is .”可知，三个士兵要向村民们展示如何用石头做汤的秘诀(secret)，故选B。3A.curiousBscaredCworriedDcontent答案：A士兵说能用石头做汤，村民们自然是非常好奇的(curious)，故选A。4A
19、.picked upBdropped inClooked backDmade sure答案：Bpick up “捡起来”；drop in “投入”；look back “回顾”；make sure “确信”。此处指三个士兵小心翼翼地往锅里放入三块石头，故选B。5A.as ifBin caseCin thatDif only答案：D士兵们说道，“这会是一锅好汤，要是(if only)有点盐和西芹就好了。”as if “好像”；in case “万一”；in that “因为”，故选D。6A.disgustingBhardCwonderfulDharmful答案：C根据下文的提示可知，若要是有点盐
20、和西芹，味道就更美了(wonderful)，故选C。7A.ReturningBLeavingCDealingDFiguring答案：A上一句提到这位女士跑走了，现在拿着西芹回来了(return)，故选A。8A.foughtBtoldCfoundDlost答案：Cfind ones way “找到路”；fight ones way “打出一条路”；lose ones way “迷路”。本句为幽默的表达手法，将人们主动投入食材到汤锅中，写成就像这些食材认路一样，故选C。9A.refreshedBalarmedCannoyedDamused答案：Arefresh “恢复精神”；alarm “警告”；
21、annoy “烦人”；amuse “使发笑”。吃饱了，士兵们的精神恢复了，故选A。10A.keepBrecognizeCexpectDdiscover答案：D第二天醒来，士兵们发现(discover)全村的村民们都站在他们的面前，拿着最好的面包和奶酪，故选D。11A.answerBhopeCgiftDadvice答案：C一位长者说，你们送给了我们最好的礼物(gift)，故选C。12A.crowdBfamilyCstrangersDcompanions答案：A根据上下文的提示，士兵转向人群(crowd)，故选A。13A.funnyBdoubtfulCdifferentDcertain答案：D士兵
22、告诉村民，石头汤没有什么秘诀，但是有一样东西是确信无疑的(certain)，故选D。14A.distributingBsharingCappreciatingDdonating答案：Bdistribute “分发”；share “分享”；appreciate “感恩”；donate “捐赠”。总结上文，大家都把食材放到汤锅中，大家一起享用美食，这就是分享，故选B。15A.villagersBeldersClocalsDsoldiers答案：D士兵们(soldiers)离开了，沿着路，朝着下一个目的地走去。wander off表示“离开”，故选D。.七选五One of the Healthies
23、t Foods on the Planet(2020河南省平顶山市高三阶段性检测)There is probably no flower more hated, or misunderstood, than the bright yellow dandelion (蒲公英). 1 In an effort to have the perfect green grass lawn, people try their best to kill all dandelions with chemical products. Or they dig them out at the rootsonly t
24、o see them grow right back. 2 They are a great source of vitamin K and also are a good source of vitamins A and C. They also have vitamin E, folate and small amounts of other B vitamins. Also, they provide lots of iron, calcium, magnesium and potassium.Besides nutrition, another great thing about da
25、ndelions is that you can eat every part of themfrom the bottom of the roots to the top of the flower. 3 Do not eat ones that have been treated with dangerous chemicals or are growing near high traffic areas.Dandelions are said to provide several possible health benefits such as helping in digestion
26、and improving some skin conditions. They may also reduce inflammation (炎症)Children in many parts of the world have had the simple pleasure of blowing the soft, white dandelion tops. 4 In fact, there is a game children play with dandelions that have gone to seed. Pick the white top, make a wish, clos
27、e your eyes and blow! If you blow all of the seeds off in one breath, your wish will come true! 5 AWell, that is what many children believe.BThey watch the seeds float easily in the air.CAt least the seeds have traveled far and wide.DJust make sure to take care when picking wild dandelions.EYou can
28、let more of this nutritious food source continue to grow.FDandelions are actually one of the most nutritious foods in the world.GIn the United States, they are considered “weeds”， the name for any unwanted plant.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了蒲公英的益处。蒲公英实际上是世界上最有营养的食物之一。它们是维生素K的重要来源，也是维生素A和C的良好来源。它们还含有维生素E和少量其他维
29、生素B。1G根据后面的“people try their best to kill all dandelions”可知，人们千方百计消灭所有的蒲公英。由此推知，在美国，蒲公英被认为是“杂草”，是指那些不想要的植物。故选G。2F根据后面“They are a great source of vitamin K and also are a good source of vitamins A and C. (它们是维生素K的重要来源，也是维生素A和C的良好来源。)”可知，讨论的是蒲公英所含的各种维生素。由此推知，本段介绍的是蒲公英实际上是世界上最有营养的食物之一。故选F。3D根据后面的“Do no
30、t eat ones that have been treated with dangerous chemicals or are growing near high traffic areas.(不要吃那些经过危险化学品处理或生长在交通繁忙地区附近的蒲公英。)”可推测此处为说明采摘野生蒲公英时一定要小心。故选D。4B根据前面的“Children in many parts of the world have had the simple pleasure of blowing the soft, white dandelion tops.(世界上许多地方的孩子都有吹蒲公英的简单乐趣。)”可知
31、，此处承接上文，说明孩子喜欢吹蒲公英的表现有：他们看着种子轻松地漂浮在空中。故选B。5A根据前面的“If you blow all of the seeds off in one breath, your wish will come true! (如果你一口气吹掉所有的种子，你的愿望就会实现！)”可知，此处承接上文，指出许多孩子相信吹掉所有种子愿望就会实现。故选A。.概要写作阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。The food we eat seems to have a great effect on our health. Although science has mad
32、e big steps in making food fitter to eat, it has, at the same time, made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of human illness is related to food and forty percent of cancer is caused by food. This is not a new discovery. In 1945, some researchers realised tha
33、t things commonly used to keep colours in meat and other food additives (添加剂) caused cancer.Yet, these additives remain in our food, and it is difficult to know which things on the wrappings of food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicill
34、in to their animals, and because of this, penicillin has been found in the milk of cows. Sometimes similar things are supplied to animals not for their health, but just to make a profit.The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to get a higher price on the market. Although some co
35、untries have tried to control such things, the practice continues. 写前导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了我们吃的食物对我们健康的巨大影响。精彩范文Science has made the quality of our food greatly improved. Meanwhile much food is made unfit to eat. Research has proved that most of our diseases are caused by some food additives, including cancer. (要点1) Apart from this, similar things are provided for animals by farmers not for their health, but just to make a profit, which has an indirect effect on our health. (要点2) Although some countries have made efforts to control such things, this phenomenon still exists. (要点3)
