1、Unit Four Rules and suggestions一、 重点单词和短语1.set off 动身，出发2. sock 短袜3. whenever wenev(r) 无论何时，每当4. proper prp(r) 合适的，恰当的5. edge ed 边，边缘6. yourself j:self 你自己（yourselves）7.go off 离开8. starve st:v 挨饿9. go 努力，尝试10.in one go一口气11.rock 岩石12.rock climbing攀岩13. stone 石头14. fairly feli 相当，还算15. smooth smu 无困难
2、的，平坦的16. straight stret 直的，笔直的17. tent tent 帐篷18. fall f:l 变成，进入某种状态19.fall asleep入睡20. hang( hung, hung)悬挂，吊21. sudden sdn 突然的22. gun 枪23. soft 软的24. still stl 静止的25. wood 小树林26. blood 血二、 语法回顾情态动词用法can/could表示能力，意为“能，会”表示许可(相当于 may)表示猜测(主要用于否定句或疑问句中)may/might表示许可表示可能性不大的推测(用于肯定句)must表示主观看法“必须”表示可能
3、性很大的推测(用于肯定句)have to表示客观需求“不得不”need表示需要、必须(主要用于否定句或疑问句中)had better表示“最好做某事”shall表示征求意见、询问等should表示义务、责任，意为“应该”will表示询问、请求，也可以表达现在的意愿would表示过去的意愿或委婉的请求，也可表示对未来的一种想象1. can, could 1)表示能力(体力, 知识, 技能) , 常用情态动词can和could表达。 Can you lift this heavy box? (体力) Mary can speak three languages. (知识) Can you skat
4、e? (技能) 此时可用be able to代替。can只有一般现在时和一般过去时；而be able to则有更多的时态。 Ill not be able to come this afternoon. (一般将来时) 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to, 不能用can。如：He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 2) 表示请求和允许 -Can I go now? -Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中
5、还可用could, might代替，但could, might 并不表示过去式，只是语气更委婉。它们不能用于肯定句和答语中。 - Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you can. (No, Im afraid not.) 3) 表示客观可能性 (客观原因形成的能力)。 Theyve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least. 4) 表示推测 (惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度) ，用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 C
6、an this be true? This cant be done by him. How can this be true? 2. may, might1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用cant 或mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。 例如：- Might/ May I smoke in this room? - No, you mustnt. - May/Might I take this book out of the room? - Yes, you can. (No, you cant / mustnt. ) 用May I.？征徇对方
7、许可时比较正式和客气，而用Can I.？在口语中更常见。2) 用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 例如：May you succeed! 3) 表示推测、可能性 (不用于疑问句)。might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。 例如：He may /might be very busy now. Your mother may /might not know the truth. 3. must, have to 1) 表示必须、必要。例如：You must come in time. 在回答引出的问句时, 如果是否定的, 不能用mustnt (禁止, 不准)，而用neednt, dont have
8、to (不必)。- Must we hand in our exercise books today? - Yes, you must. - No, you dont have to/you neednt. 2) must是说话人的主观看法，而have to则强调客观需要。must只有一般现在时，have to 有更多的时态形式。 例如： His play isnt interesting, I really must go now. I had to work when I was your age. 3) 表示推测、可能性 (只用于肯定的陈述句) 例如： Youre Toms good f
9、riend, so you must know what he likes best. Your mother must be waiting for you now. 4. shall和should1) shall 征求对方意见 Shall we go out for a walk?What shall we drink?2) should 劝告义务责任We should protect our environment.You should do it better next time.5. will, would1) 表示请求、建议等，would更委婉例如: Will / Would yo
10、u pass me the ball, please? 2) 表示意志、愿望和决心例如: I will never do that again.They asked him if he would go abroad.3) would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种 倾向。would表示过去习惯时比used to正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。 During the vacation, he would visit me every other day. The wound would not heal. 4) 表示估计和猜想 It would be about ten oclock when
11、 she left home. 6. should, ought to1)should, ought to表示“应该”，ought to 表示义务或责任，比should语气重。 I should help her because she is in trouble. You ought to take care of the baby. 2) 表示劝告、建议和命令。should, ought to可通用，但在疑问句中常用should。 You should/ought to go to class right away. Should I open the window? 3) 表示推测 sh
12、ould, ought to (客观), must(主观) He must be home by now. (断定他已到家) He ought to/should be home by now. (不太肯定) This is where the oil must be. (直爽) This is where the oil ought to/should be. (含蓄)三、 语法操练can ,may ,have to , cant ,must ,mustnt ,should1.Dont you see the sign? Silence. You _ talk.2.It is noisy.
13、I _hear you.3.You _use the computer if you like.4.Lucys parents are proud of her. She _speak four languages.5.You _pay him for the newspaper.6.I _ go now. Thank you for your dinner.7.Its raining heavily outside. He _stay home watching TV.can, cant, must, mustnt, should8.You _ join the club without a
14、 test.9.You _ wear the right clothes.10.You _ wear a belt, jewelry or a watch.11.You _ tie back long hair.12.You _ try new skills without the instructors advice.13.You _ take rests if you want to.14.Beginners _ start gymnastics without doing an Introduction course first.1.Susan is good at English an
15、d she _ sing English songs.Aneed Bmay Ccan Dmust2.The car breaks down, so we _ get there in two hours.Acant Bcouldnt Cwont be able to Dwasnt be able to3.Mr.Wang, must I come again on Sunday morning to clean the windows? No, you _.I have asked others to do it.Adont have to B.mustnt Ccant Dshouldnt4.Y
16、ou _ cross the road when the traffic light is red. Its dangerous.A neednt Bmay not Cmustnt Ddont have to5.I saw Kevin in the supermarket this morning. No, it _ him. He moved to Canada last week.(2010年广东)Acan be Bmust be Ccant be Dmustnt be6.She _ go to the supermarket far from her homenowhere else i
17、s good enough for her.(2010年广东佛山)Amust Bhas to Ccan7.The desk is not dirty.You _ clean it.Amustnt Bshouldnt Cneednt Dcant8.Boys and girls, dont forget your report.It _ today.Acant finish Bcant be finished Cshould finish Dshould be finished9.Its such a long way! What shall I do? You_ take my car if y
18、ou want.AWill BMust CMay Dshall10. Is Susan going to her hometown by train? I guess she _. I know she likes driving her new car.A. mustnt B. cant C. may not (佛山中考题）11. These newspapers are free. You _ keep one if you like(2008 佛山）A. may B. should C. must四、 重难点突破1.the three of us 意为“我们三个人(一共就三个人)”，th
19、e 用在基数词前，表特指。需要注意的是，three of us 意为“我们中的三个(一共不止三个人)”。如：The forty of the students have come. 40 个学生都来了。Forty of the students have come. 学生当中来了 40 个。会议室里有 8 个人，这 8 个人都是女士。There are eight people in the meeting room and _ _ _ _ are women.他有三个姐姐，其中两个是医生。He has three sisters, and _ _ _ are doctors.2.rememb
20、er doing sth.意为“记得做过某事”，表示记起的动作已发生。remember to do sth.意为“记得要去做某事”，表示记起的动作还没有发生。如：Dont worry.I remember locking the door. 别担心，我记得锁过门了。Remember to close the window before you leave. 离开前记得关窗。Please remember _ the light when you leave the room. OK, I will.A to turn off Bturning off Cto turn on Dturning
21、onYou arent a stranger, are you? _, dont you remember _ me at the school gate ten minutes ago?AYes; to see BNo; seeing CNo; saw DYes; seeingI am sorry that I forget _ the book to you.ABringing Bto bring CTaking Dto take3.keep to 沿着走; 留在某个位置 我们还是围绕主题吧，不然我们永远也做不了决定。_ the point or well never _.请靠楼梯左手边通
22、行。 Please _ the stairs.4.go off 离开，走开(尤指去做某事) She went off to get a drink. 她拿饮料去了。 go off 消失 The headache went off quite suddenly. 头疼突然消失了。 go off 开始变坏, 变质 Fish soon goes off in this hot weather. 在这么热的天气里鱼很快会变质。 go off 开火； 爆炸The bomb went off in a crowded street. 炸弹在挤满人群的大街上爆炸了。 go off (电灯)熄灭;(电)中断；
23、停止运行Suddenly the lights went off. 灯突然熄灭了。 The heating went off last night. 昨晚暖气停止供应。五、 练兵场 一.单项选择（15分）1. -Frank will have his birthday party tomorrow. -It _ be! He had it yesterday. A. cant B. must C. may D. neednt2. -Must I hand in my homework now, Mr. Smith? -No, you _. A. cant B. shouldnt C. woul
24、dnt D. neednt3. When you visit a museum you should _ the instructions and dont be against them. A. compare with B. look forward to C. pay attention to D. try out4. -Mom, must I take out the trash now? -No, you _. You may take a rest first. A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. dont have to5. The children
25、 _ very early because they live far away from the school. A. take off B. turn off C. put off D. set off6. Some people _ feel sick when they read a book in a car or on a boat. A. must B. should C. may D. need7. I _ follow you. Would you please repeat it? A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt8. - Wh
26、at a good _ youve given me! Thanks a lot. - My pleasure. A. information B. news C. suggestion D. advice9. There are some _ in Dayton Art Museum. For example, no food or drinks is allowed inside.A. jobs B. records C. rules D. paintings10. Have you started _ yet? A. to working B. working C. worked D.
27、to be worked11. When you talk with a stranger, be _ one thing: dont talk much about yourself. A. interested in B. careful about C. good at D. frightened of12. The little girl didnt sleep well last night because of the _ from the factory. A. voice B. noise C. music D. song13. I stood at the window an
28、d saw four boys _ under the tree. A. fights B. fighting C. to fight D. to fighting14. -The room is so dirty. -Well, lets _. A. tidy it up B. tidy up it C. tidy them up D. tidy them up15. Sorry, I cant go swimming with you, _ Im afraid of water. A. so B. because C. but D. while二.完型填空(10分)Hawaii is fa
29、mous for its beautiful beaches. Every year water sports, especially surfing and water skiing attract 1_ tourists to the island.Hawaii has been a magical name to people who like to travel 2_ many years. People on 3_ sides of the Pacific Ocean（太平洋）in Japan and in America, dream of 4_ these beautiful i
30、slands in the middle of the ocean. In the tropical（热带的）lands, the sun drops like a ball of golden fire into the sea, and it drops so 5_ that you can almost see it move. The sun leaves behind a glow(落日) that lights(照亮) the sky in the quiet water.People often have a quiet, enjoyable time walking along
31、 the water. This scenery（景色）here is not very different from the exciting beauty that greeted the first tourists to these islands centuries ago. They came in canoes not much 6_ than small boats.They found the beautiful white sand beaches and the waving palm trees(棕榈树)，but there were no grand hotels l
32、ike 7_ we see today. The first people came to Hawaii nearly 8_ years ago, but skyscraper(摩天大楼)hotels were only built in the last 25 years. Now planes make it possible to fly to Hawaii for a weekend from Tokyo 9_ San Francisco.10_ people come from, they really want to see the earliest beauty of Hawai
33、i. They want to see the lovely beaches and the mountains which are almost hidden by the tall hotels.1.A. many B. much C. any D. no2.A. by B. with C. for D. since3.A. both B. each C. either D. every4.A. to see B. seeing C. see D. saw5.A. happily B. quietly C. heavily D. quickly6.A. big B. biger C. bi
34、gger D. biggest7.A. the one B. the ones C. this D. that8.A. two thousands B. two thousands of C. two thousand D. two thousand of9.A. to B. of C. in D. or10.A. Wherever B. Whatever C. However D. Whenever三.阅读理解（20分）ABeing safe in your everyday life needs knowledge (知识). If you remember the following i
35、nformation, your life will be much safer.Always notice the environment around you. You shouldnt walk alone outside. Make sure where the public phones are. If anything dangerous happens, you can find them easily.Your bag should be carried towards the front of your body instead of putting on your back
36、. When a bus is full of people, it is easy enough for a thief to take away the things in the bag on your back.If you are followed by someone you dont know, cross the street and go to the other way, let the person understand that you know he or she is after you. Next, dont go home at once. You are sa
37、fer in the street than you are alone in your home or in a life (电梯)If you have to take a bus to a place far away, try to get to the stop a few minutes earlier before thebus leaves. This stops other people from studying you. On the bus, dont sit alone. Sit behind the driver or with other people. Dont
38、 sleep. l. Which of the following is NOT safe when you are out? A. Go home alone late at night. B. Make sure where the public phones are.C. Dont get to the bus stop too early. D. Always notice the environment around you. 2. Youd better put your bag _ when there are too many people on a bus. A. on yo
39、ur back B. beside youC. in front of you D. behind the driver 3. When you are followed by someone on your way home, you should _ to make yourself safe. A. run homeB. find a lift and go inC. turn back and walk towards him or her at onceD. cross the street and go to the other way 4. When you take a bus
40、 alone, its safe for you _. A. to sit behind the driver or with other people, but not to sleepB. to talk with the driverC. to call your friendsD. to get off the bus at once 5. What can you learn from the text? A. How to notice the environment around you. B. How to be safe in your everyday life.C. Ho
41、w to cross the street. D. How to use the public phones. 四.根据汉语意思完成句子（10分）1.我记得我想过：“如果我伸出手的话，就能摸到它。” I remember _, “If I _ _, I can just touch it.”2.你应该整理一下你的卧室。 You _ _ your bedroom _.3.我能够独自处理。 Im able to manage _ _ _.4.他业余时间经常去攀岩。 He often _ _ _ in his spare time.5.他向我做手势示意我保持安静。 He made gestures to me to tell me to _ _.练兵场答案：单项选择1-5 ADCDD 6-10 CACCB 11-15 BBBAB完形填空1-5 ACABD 6-10 CBCDA阅读理解 1-5 ACDAB 完成句子1.thinking reach out 2.should tidy up 3.on my own 4.goes rock climbing 5. keep quiet
