1、Section Word power & Grammar and usage (教材P6)When you consider the career path you want to follow，it is useful to think about jobs in categories.考虑你要经历的求职之路时，把它们分类思考是有帮助的。【句式分析】Its adj.(of/for sb.) to do sth.是一种常用的句型结构。其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式。形容词通常是necessary，important，dangerous，difficult，hard，easy，im
2、possible等表示事物的特点或特征的词时，用for；当形容词是kind，nice，good，bad，wise，clever，silly，foolish，careless，rude，brave，cruel，careful，grateful等表示人的特征或特点的词时，须用of。Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.对孩子们来说，穿过繁忙的街道很危险。Its very kind of you to help me.你能帮我，真好。完成句子你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。 the maths problem.在日常生活中你练习
3、英语口语是非常重要的。 your oral English in daily life.【答案】Its clever of you to work outIts very important for you to practise practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的；注重实际的(教材P6)There are jobs that are practical，such as carpenters，hairdressers，dressmakers and chefs.有实用的工作，例如，木工、理发师、裁缝和厨师。He is a practical person.他是一位很讲实际的人。
4、Tom likes joining practical activities.汤姆喜欢参加实践活动。a practical method 实用的方法；有效的方法a practical proposal 切实可行的建议for (all) practical purposes 实际上Yours is a practical proposal.你的建议切实可行。For all practical purposes，it was useless.实际上它毫无用处。完成句子实际上，这种产品毫无价值。This kind of product is worthless .试验表明，这是一个有效的方法。The
5、 test shows it is 【答案】for all practical purposesa practical method include v包含；包括(教材P6)These jobs include nurses，doctors，dentists and babysitters.这些工作包括护士、医生、牙医和保姆。I include eggs on the list of things to buy.我在要买的货单上包括了鸡蛋。The university includes ten colleges.该大学有10个学院。include.in/on.把列为的一部分，将列在上inclu
6、ded pp. 包括在内的(过去分词，用于名词之后)including prep. 包括，包含(用于名词前)The farm includes 150 acres，but only ten people are working on it，including a cook.这个农场有150英亩，但却只有十个人干活，其中还包括一个厨师。Many people were dancing on the square when I passed by，including Helen/Helen included.我经过时，许多人正在广场上跳舞，包括海伦在内。include/containinclude
7、 意为“包含并使之成为一部分”contain意为“含有，装得下”The list included his name.这个名单上包括他的名字。Rice contains protein and fat.大米含蛋白质和脂肪。用include和contain的正确形式填空He his fear.All animals， men，feed on plants or other animals.His school bag a lot of books， a cartoon book.【答案】containedincludingcontains；including (教材P6)Included in
8、this category are singers，actors and musicians.这种分类中包括歌手、演员和音乐家。【句式分析】本句是一个完全倒装句，其结构是：表语be主语。主语太长，为了平衡句子结构的需要，将表语提前。充当表语的主要有形容词、现在分词和过去分词。Present at the meeting are ten famous writers.十位著名作家出席了这次会议。Standing inside were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又大又黑的奇
9、怪生物。Located in the heart of Toronto is the Canadian National Tower，which is often called the CN Tower for short.加拿大国家电视塔坐落于多伦多市中心，常被简称为CN塔。完成句子山坡上长满了各种各样的野花。 wild flowers of all kinds.我们缺衣少食的日子一去不复返了。 when we are short of food and clothing.教我们英语的刘老师出席了这次聚会。 ，who taught us English.【答案】Growing on the
10、hillsides areGone are the daysPresent at the party was Mr.Liu be based on建立于基础之上(教材P6)There is also a new category of jobs that are based on information technology，such as computer software engineers.也有以信息科技为基础的新工作种类，例如电脑软件工程师。This story is based on facts.这个故事是有事实根据的。Most business or economic relati
11、ons are based on trust.多数商业或经济关系都是建立在信任的基础之上的。base.on/upon.把建立在；以为根据be based on/upon 以为根据(基础)basis n. 原因，缘由；基准，准则；方式；基础on the basis of 在基础上basic adj. 基础的；基本的One should always base ones opinion on facts.我们应总是把自己的观点建立在事实的基础上。The company has set up its new base in the north.这家公司在北部设立了新的基地。句型转换You shoul
12、d base your conclusion on careful research.Your conclusion should careful research.Teaching is an art which is based on science.Teaching is an art science.【答案】be based onbased on as well也；还(教材P6)Do not forget that there are public service jobs as well，such as police officers and firefighters.别忘了还有公共
13、服务行业，比如警察和消防员。He speaks English and Spanish as well.他既能说英语，也能说西班牙语。may/might as well 不妨；还是的好as well as 不但而且；既又；和一样好pretty well 几乎；差不多I neednt wait.I may as well tell you now.我不必等了，不妨现在就告诉你。Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。Hes pretty well finished his latest book already.他最近
14、的一本书已差不多完成了。【提示】as well常用作状语，作“又；也”解，相当于too或also，常位于句末，无须用逗号与句子分开。as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，如名词、形容词、动词、介词短语等。它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；翻译时要先译后面，再译前面。而用not only.but also.连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致。用适当的短语填空I am going to London and my sister is going Electric energy can be changed into light energy into
15、 sound energy.If you find it unworkable，we call the deal off.【答案】as wellas well asmay as well get on with进步；进展；继续做；与相处(教材P7)I had better stop thinking about jobs and get on with my homework.我最好停止思考关于工作的问题，继续做我的家庭作业。I find it hard to get on with my colleagues.我发现和同事相处很难。Hed rather just get on with hi
16、s job.他宁愿只是做好自己的本职工作。get on 进行；上车；上马；变老get in 插话；收获；到达get over 克服(困难等)；(从疾病等中)恢复过来get through 通过；拨通(电话)；做完；用光(钱等)；吃光(食物等)They got on at this station.他们是在这个站上的车。The farmers are getting the crops in now that they are ripe.庄稼熟了，农民正在收割。We had to get over many difficulties.我们必须克服很多困难。【提示】get on withget a
17、long with；表示“和某人相处融洽”要用get on/along well with sb.。完成句子安静下来，继续做你的工作。Be quiet and your work.我一个晚上就看完了这本小说。I the novel in one evening.一旦克服了这些困难，工作进展就快了。Once these difficulties were ，the work would speed up.【答案】get on withgot throughgot over familiar adj.熟悉的；通晓的(教材P8)For a simile to be effective，readers
18、 must be familiar with the things being compared.为了让明喻有效果，读者必须对所比较的物体很熟悉。The man seemed familiar，but I could not quite place him.这人很面熟，但是我认不出他是谁。The place felt familiar to me.这个地方我隐约觉得有点熟悉。be familiar to为所熟悉be familiar with 熟悉；通晓；精通make oneself familiar with 同熟悉起来；同亲近起来(2019全国卷)It also doesnt requir
19、e a new type of technology that people arent already familiar with.它也不要求采用人们并不熟悉的一种新技术来操作。The word is not familiar to me.我不认识那个词。At last he appeared to have made himself familiar with his surroundings.最后，他似乎把房间里的情形摸熟了。用适当的介词填空His name seems familiar me.I am not very familiar European history.Firstly
20、，we should make ourselves familiar the place where we live.【答案】towithwith英语修辞中明喻和暗喻一、Simile(明喻)1基本概念Simile(明喻)是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，与汉语的明喻相似，它指的是将具有共性的不同事物或现象做对比，表明本体和喻体的关系。在明喻中，本体和喻体均同时出现在句中，在形式上是相对应的。注意，用于对比的事物或现象之间的共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。2基本格式基本格式：本体 显著比喻词 喻体3常见标志词Simile的常用标志词有 like，as，seem，as if，as tho
21、ugh，similar to，such as等。4典型实例(1) as 像一样，as.as 像一样，as if/though 好像，像似的，as it were 好像，似乎，仿佛Hes not as honest a man as I thought.他不像我想象的那样诚实。He looked as if he had seen a ghost.他那副惊骇的样子就像见到了鬼似的。This socalled antique，as it were，is a fake.这个所谓的古董，看上去好像是古董，但实际上是赝品。(2) compare.to 把比作，comparison of sth. to
22、sth.把比作Shakespeare compared the world to a stage.莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。His comparison of the heart to a pump helped the children understand its action.他将心脏比作打气筒(抽水机)有助于孩子们了解心脏的作用。(3) like 像一样，something like 与类似，有点像，seem 好像，similar to与相似The human history is like a long river.人类历史像一条长河。The house looks something
23、 like a castle.那房子看上去有点像一座城堡。Johns taken up stampcollecting；he seems really bitten by it.约翰已经着手集邮，好像真入迷了。Their educational system is similar to that in the United States.他们的教育制度和美国的差不多。(4) may as well.as 做某事正如One might as well throw money into the sea as lend it to William.把钱借给威廉，就好像把钱扔到海里一样。(5) no
24、more.than 像一样不；和都不I know no more Spanish than I know Greek.我对西班牙语和希腊语同样都不懂。(6) As A is to B，so C is to DC之于D，犹如A之于B；A is to B as C is to DA之于B，犹如C之于D；A is to B what C is to DA之于B，犹如C之于DAs soul is to a body，so love is to a home.爱之于家庭犹如灵魂之于身体。Air is to man as water is to fish.空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。Air is to us
25、what water is to fish.我们离不开空气，就像鱼儿离不开水一样。二、Metaphor(暗喻)1基本概念Metaphor(暗喻)，指的是用甲事物来指代与其所指事物有相似特点的乙事物。暗喻是一种含蓄的比喻，是利用不同事物的抽象的“相似点”来“打比方”，它不需要借助比喻词，而是直接将甲事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是隐含的。2基本格式基本格式：本体 is/are/have/has.喻体3典型实例(1) 形容词类His remarks were rather acid.他的话有些尖酸刻薄。Their faces were alight with joy.他们因喜
26、悦而容光焕发。(2) 动词类Clever children absorb knowledge easily.聪明孩子容易吸收知识。It makes my heart ache to see her suffer.看到她受罪使我痛心。Some books are to be tasted，others swallowed，and some few to be chewed and digested.一些书可以浅尝辄止；一些书可以囫囵吞枣；而有些书则需要细嚼慢咽，好好消化。(3) 名词类Such people are the backbone of the country.这样的人是国家的栋梁。Poor health may be a barrier to success.健康欠佳可能成为取得成功的障碍。She has a heart of stone.他有一副铁石心肠。
