1、专题01 系动词第一部分 语法概念:连系动词,又称系动词,不能单独做谓语,后面必须跟表语构成系表结构,说明主语的身份、状态、性或特征。连系动词包括表示状态或状态持续、某种感官、变化或结果、表象等几类。用法01状态或状态持续类连 系动词表示主语具有特征或保持某种状态。Playing sports can help you keep fit. .运动可以帮助你保持健康。(仁爱八上 )初中阶段常见的此类连系动调表状态: be 动间表状态持续:keep(保持.状态) stay(保持.状态) stand (处于.状态 ) remain (仍然是.状态)lie (处于.状态)02感官类连不动调表示与人体五
2、种感官相关的动作That sounds interesting.那听起来挺有趣的。This fruit tastes sweet.这个水果尝起来很甜。初中阶段常见的此类连系动词look(看起来) taste (尝起来) smell (闻起来) sound (听起来) feel(提起来/感到)03变化或结果类连系动词表示主语的特征或状态发生改变Ive become much better at speaking English.我的英语说得更好了。I dont drink tea at night because it makes me feel difficult to fall asleep
3、.我晚上不喝茶,因为它会让我难以入睡。初中阶段常见的此类连系动词come(多表示向好的方面变化) , turn (变得与以前完全不同) ,get(变得),grow (表示逐渐变化,强调变化的过程),fall(进入某种状态,变成),become (向好的或不好的方面变化),go(多表示由强到弱、由好到坏或颜色变化)。become, get, grow, tum,go的区别:1. become通常不用来表示来来米的事,而是表示变化过程已经完成,用法比较正式。其后可以跟形容词,名词作表语,主语可以是人也可以是物。Teachers and students can become good friend
4、s.教师和学生可以成为好朋友。2 get也表示变化的过程已经完成,比become口语化,通常与形容词用,When spring comes,day get longer and longer.当春天到来时,白天显得越来越长。3. grow 侧重于“逐渐变成某种状态” 可接表示人成事物特征的形容词,也可接表示天气的形容词作表语:接名调作表语时,名词前一般不用冠词。Your son is growing taller and taller.你儿子长得越来越高。4. turn 意义上侧重于“变得与以前完全不同” 、后面多接表示颜色的形容词作表语,也可接表示天气的形容词作表语。接名词作表语时,名词前般
5、不用冠词,His face turned red when he heard my words.当他听到我的话时、他的脸变红了。He turned reporter after leaving school.他离校之后当上了记者。5. go多表示从好的状态变成坏的状态,其后的表语多为mad(疯的) ,crazy(疯狂的) ,bad(坏的) ,blind(瞎的)等,面come与之相反。I hope my dream will come true.我希望我的梦想变成现实。The food goes bad easily in summer.在夏天,食物容易变坏。04表象类连系动词表示“似乎,看起来
6、像”等意义A pie chart gets its name because it looks like a pie.饼状图因为看起来像饼而得名。用法 In fact, he seems to know the names of 200 toys.事实上,他似乎知道两百个玩具的名字.初中阶段常见的此类连系动词appear (看起来) seem(似乎,看超来) look(看起来)第二部分 主系表结构专项训练一、单项选择1The bed _ soft and comfortable.AtastesBfeelsCsmellsDsounds2Oh, it _so nice. What beautifu
7、l music it is !AsmellsBsoundsCtastesDlooks3 Not only my friends but also I interested in football and Messi is our favorite star.AareBbeCisDam4(易错题)Everyone except Mary and Lily _ there when the meeting began.AisBwasCareDwere5-Mum, what are you cooking in the kitchen? It _ so good!- Fried noodles.As
8、mellsBtastesCsoundsDeats6Li Meis _ is very beautiful.Yes.Her songs _ very beautiful.Anoise;voiceBvoice;soundCsound;noiseDshout;sound7 There are dark clouds, and the wind is blowing strongly. It _ that a typhoon is coming.AfeelsBsoundsCseemsDlooks8 How do you like the fish I cooked for you?I havent h
9、ad it yet. However, it _ good.AsmellsBtastesCsoundsDfeels9How much _ the pair of sunglasses?Five dollars _ enough.Ais ; isBare ; isCare ; areDis ; are10How do you like Yi Yangqianxi?A cool guy! His music _ really beautiful.AsmellsBtastesClooksDsounds11Our school is very big. The number of the studen
10、ts in our school _ about 6000.AhaveBhasCisDare12Not only my friends but also I _ interested in football.AareBbeCisDam13All the students as well as their teacher _ going to the zoo this weekend.AareBwereCwill beDis14Children shouldnt play on the riverside, _dangerous for them.AtheyreBtherereCitsDits1
11、5This kind of fruit salad _ delicious. Im sure it _ well.Ais tasted; is soldBtastes; is soldCis tasted; sellsDtastes; sells16In this shop, 60 percent of the watches _from other countries.AisBamCbeDare17Hard work can bring you , but if you are lazy, you wont become .Asuccess; successBsuccessful; succ
12、essCsuccess; successfulDsuccessful; succeed18There_some orange juice in the bottle You can drink itAisBareCwasDwere19_ apples_ good for physical health.AEat; areBEating; areCEating; is20We thought the suggestion sounded _, yet common sense told us it wouldnt work.AgoodBwellCbadDbadly21You dont put t
13、he milk in the fridge. Now it bad.AsmellsBis smeltCwill smellDis smelling22I like this song. It_ nice.AlistensBsoundsChearsDsounds like23This kind of ice cream delicious. Im sure it well.Ais tasted; is soldBtastes; is soldCis tasted; sellsDtastes; sells24These apples _ well because they _ nice.Aare
14、sold; lookBsell; are lookedCsell; lookDare sold; are looked25Hes going to _ an artist when he _ up.Ado; growBdo ; growsCbe; growDbe; grows26The skirt is made of silk. It _ comfortable.AsmellsBfeelsCsoundsDtastes27The flowers in the shop _, so they _ well.Aare smelled better; are soldBare smelled wel
15、l; sellCsmell terrible: are soldDsmell nice; sell28Mr. Green told us both the sun and the moon _ round.AwasBwereCareDis29There _ a football match between Class 1 and Class 3 next week.AhaveBhasCis going to haveDis going to be二、汉译英30这个电视节目越来越受欢迎。_31这些巧克力饼干尝起来真的很甜, 中间感觉很软。 _32他曾经试图在卧室里安装一盏更亮的灯。_33令人难过
16、的是, 大熊猫在野外面临严重的问题。_34冬天来临时, 白天变得越来越短。_35当我们在看有趣的书时, 时间似乎过得更快。_36瘦西湖(Slender West Lake)不仅在中国很有名, 在全世界也很有名。_答案解析一、单项选择1. B【详解】句意:这张床感觉柔软而舒服。taste尝起来;feel感觉;smell闻起来;sound听起来。“soft and comfortable”是对床的感觉,应该用feel表示感觉起来如何, 故选B。2. B【详解】根据What beautiful music it is!可以得知音乐应该听起来优美。smells闻起来;sounds听起来;tastes尝
17、起来;looks看起来;故选B。3. D【解析】句意:不仅我的朋友们而且我都对足球感兴趣,Messi是我们最喜爱的球星。not only.but also.,不仅而且,连接两个并列的结构,在句中做主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式根据就近原则。所以这里的be动词应该跟I一致,故选D。考点:考查主谓一致。4. B【详解】句意:会议开始时,除了玛丽和莉莉,大家都在。考查系动词辨析。分析题干可知,此句的主语是everyone,谓语动词用第三人称单数,排除C、D两项。由后面when引导的时间状语从句为一般过去时可知,主句时态应用一般过去时,故选B。【点睛】易错警示:主语后有except.,(together
18、)with.,as well as.等时,谓语动词的人称和数应与前面的主语保持一致。5. A【详解】句意:妈妈,你在厨房做什么饭呢?闻起来那么好。炸面条。根据what are you cooking in the kitchen? 和so good!可知是闻起来;smells闻起来,tastes尝起来,sounds 听起来,eats吃;故选A。6. B【解析】句意:李梅的声音很美。是的,她的歌声听起来很好听。根据noise噪音;voice 声音,通常指人的声音,优美的声音;shout大声喊;sound名词,声音,指任何声音;动词,听起来;故选B7. C【详解】句意:有乌云,风很大。好像台风要来
19、了。考查系动词辨析。能接as if/as though表语从句的系动词有:look(看起来),smell(闻起来),sound(听起来),feel(觉得)。可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有:seem, appear, 不可用be, look。根据语境,故选C。8. A【详解】句意:你认为我给你做的鱼怎么样?我还没有吃。然而,它闻起来很好闻。考查动词词义辨析。A. smells闻起来;B. tastes品尝起来;C. sounds 听起来; D. feels感觉,摸起来。结合句意,他没有吃,因此是闻起来好。故选A。9. A【详解】句意:太阳镜多少钱?五美元足够了。考查主谓一致。sun
20、glasses是复数,但是前有the pair of修饰,表示这副太阳镜,故用is;Five dollars五美元,金钱做主语看做第三人称单数,系动词用is。结合句意,故选A。10. D【详解】句意:你觉得易烊千玺怎么样?一个酷家伙!他的音乐听起来真的很美。考查感官动词。smell闻起来;taste尝起来;look看起来;sound听起来。根据关键词“music”和“beautiful”,可知是音乐听起来很美。故选D。11. C【详解】句意:我们学校很大。我们学校的学生大约有6000人。考查主谓一致。have/has意为“某人有某物”,表所属;is/are是be动词一般现在时形式;从文字的表层
21、意思推断空格指“学校的学生数有6000人”,所以排除A、B;the number of意为“的数目”,谓语动词用单数形式,所以排除D,故选C。12. D【详解】句意:不仅我的朋友们,我也对足球感兴趣。考查就近原则和be动词。根据“Not only my friends but also”可知,此处应满足“就近原则”,be动词的选择取决于I,所以用am。故选D。13. A【详解】句意:所有的学生以及他们的老师,这周末会去动物园。考查主谓一致和一般将来时的用法。时间词this weekend“这周末”可知时态是一般将来时,根据“going to”可知是使用be going to结构,故排除BC;a
22、s well as“也,和一样”遵循就远原则,主语“All the students”是复数,故be动词用are。故选A。14. C【详解】句意:孩子们不应该在河边玩,这对他们很危险。考查代词。根据所给空前面的play on the riverside可知,应该用it代指,由所给空后面的dangerous是形容词可知,前面要用be动词,所以its最符合,故选C。15. D【详解】本题考查感官动词的用法和sell well固定短语的用法:taste品尝,taste + adj (表味道的形容词,如good,delicious)做表语。sell well动词+副词,描述事物属性,不用被动语态,类似
23、用法还有wash easily, write smoothly。16. D【详解】句意:在这家商店,百分之六十的手表是来自其它国家。考查be动词。is第三人称单数形式;am第一人称单数形式;be动词原形;are复数形式。根据当百分数后跟名词复数时,谓语动词用相应的复数形式。此空应填are,故选D。17. C【详解】句意:努力工作能给你带来成功,但如果你懒惰,你就不会成功。考查名词和形容词辨析。success成功,名词;succeed 成功,动词;successful成功的,形容词。bring sb. sth. 给某人带来某物,固定短语,前空需用名词success;become(变得)是表变化系
24、动词,后接表语形容词,后空需用successful。根据句意结构,故选C。18. A【详解】句意:瓶子里有些橙汁,你可以喝。考查be动词。is是,主语是单数;are是,主语是复数;was是,is的过去式;were是,are的过去式。句子表达的是现在的状态,属于一般现在时。根据some orange juice是不可数名词,所以用is,故选A。19. C【详解】句意:吃苹果对身体健康有好处。动词原形开头是祈使句;分析句子结构可知_ apples作主语,动名词作主语,所以排除A;动名词作主语看作单数,所以系动词用is,故选C。20. A【详解】句意:我们认为这个建议听起来不错,但常识告诉我们它行不
25、通。A. good好的(形容词);B. well好地(副词);C. bad糟糕的(形容词);D. badly糟糕地(副词),根据所给空前面的系动词sound“听起来”,后面要跟形容词作表语,排除B和D,由所给空后面的句子yet common sense told us it wouldnt work可知,应该是建议听起来好,但是行不通,故答案选A。21. A【详解】句意:你没有把把牛奶放在冰箱里。它现在闻起来很难闻。A. smells一般现在时的主动语态;B. is smelt一般现在时的被动语态;C. will smell一般将来时的主动语态;D. is smelling现在进行时的主动语态
26、。smell为系动词,后跟形容词作表语,物作主语时,无被动语态,无进行时态。根据now可知,句子用一般现在时表达当前的情况,故答案为A。22. B【详解】句意:我喜欢这首歌,它听起来很好听。listen to+名词 听(强调听的过程)。 hear+名词 听到(强调听到)。sound+形容词 听起来(强调听的效果),sounds like听起来像;nice是形容词,与sound 构成系表结构。故选B.23. D【解析】句意:这种冰淇淋品尝起来非常好吃。我确信它卖得好。taste“品尝起来”,是系动词,没有被动语态,故排除A、C两项。sell表示“销售”,是及物动词,是被动语态;表示“卖得”,是不
27、及物动词,没有被动语态。sell well卖得好,故选D。24. C【解析】句意:这些苹果卖得好,因为它们看起来非常好看。sell表示卖得,是不及物动词,没有被动语态。look“看起来”,是不及物动词,没有被动语态,故选C。25. D【解析】句意“当他长大后,他想成为一名艺术家”。be成为,且根据主将从现原则,第一空用一般现在时,主语为he,用grows,故选D。26. B【解析】这裙子是由蚕丝制作的。它摸起来很舒服。Smell闻起来;feel摸起来;sound听起来;taste尝起来。故选B。27. D【解析】句意:商店里的花闻起来很棒,因此卖的很好。Smell是系动词,无被动语态,后接形容
28、词做表语。结合句意,故选D。考点:考查系动词的用法。28. C【详解】句意:格林先生告诉我们太阳和月亮都是圆的。考查宾语从句的用法。宾语从句中,从句陈述的是客观事实时,不受主句时态影响,为一般现在时。根据“both the sun and the moon _ round”可知,太阳和月亮都是圆的属于客观事实,故be动词用一般现在时,主语“the sun and the moon”是复数,故be动词用are。故选C。29. D【解析】句意:下周一班和三班之间有一场足球赛。句中有next week表示下周,句子用一般将来时态,there be 句型的将来时态用there will be 或是th
29、ere is going to be 故选D考点:there be 句型点评:There be .句型表示的是 “某处有(存在)某人或某物”,其结构为There be(is,are,was, were )+名词+地点状语。There be结构的一般疑问句变化只需把be动词移到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可。另外注意There be句型中be动词的形式要和其后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。二、汉译英30. This TV program is getting more and more popular.【详解】根据语境可知,时态是现在进行时,结构是be doing;这个电视节目:This TV pro
30、gram,作主语,be动词用is;越来越:more and more.;越来越受欢迎:get more and more popular。故填This TV program is getting more and more popular.31. These chocolate cookies taste really sweet and they feel soft in the middle.【详解】 these chocolate cookies这些巧克力饼干;taste尝起来,系动词; sweet甜的,形容词作表语;feel 感觉 ,系动词; soft软的,形容词作表语;in the
31、middle在中间;故答案是:The chocolate cookies taste really sweet and they feel soft in the middle.将下列句子译成英语。32. He once tried to install a brighter light in his bedroom.【解析】他he,主格代词;曾经once;试图try to do;在卧室里in his bedroom;安装install;一盏更亮的灯a brighter light。once用于一般过去时,动词需用过去式;根据句意结构,可知填He once tried to install a
32、 brighter light in his bedroom.。33. Sadly, pandas face serious problems in the wild.【解析】令人难过的是sadly;大熊猫pandas;在野外in the wild;面临face;严重的问题serious problems。本句叙述一般事实,用一般现在时;pandas是复数人称,动词需用原形;根据句意结构,可知填Sadly, pandas face serious problems in the wild.。34. The days are getting shorter and shorter when wi
33、nter comes.【解析】冬天来临时when winter comes;白天the days;变得get,表变化系动词,后接形容词;越来越短shorter and shorter。本句是when引导的时间状语从句,主句用现在进行时结构表状态;根据句意结构,可知填The days are getting shorter and shorter when winter comes.。35. Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books.【解析】当的时候when,引导时间状语从句;我们we,主格代词;在看be read
34、ing;有趣的书interesting books;时间time,单数意义;似乎seem to do;过得更快go faster。主句主语time是单数第三人称,动词需用三单形式;根据句意结构,可知填Time seems to go faster when we are reading interesting books.。36. Slender West Lake is famous not only in China but also in the world.【解析】瘦西湖Slender West Lake;不仅也not onlybut also,连接并列结构;在中国in China;很
35、有名be famous;在全世界in the world。Slender West Lake是单数第三人称,系词需用is;根据句意结构,可知填Slender West Lake is famous not only in China but also in the world.。【点睛】翻译句子,综合考查句式结构,动词形式、时态和语态,需要考生结合句子的主语确定动词形式,根据时间状语的提示确定时态,根据主语和动词之间的关系确定语态。同时注意各种从句和固定句式的运用。例如小题1,他he,主格代词;曾经once;试图try to do;在卧室里in his bedroom;安装install;一盏更亮的灯a brighter light。once用于一般过去时,动词需用过去式;根据句意结构,可知填He once tried to install a brighter light in his bedroom.。11原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权,侵权必究!