1、绵阳市高中2018级第一次诊断性考试英语本试卷分为试题卷和答题卡两部分，其中试题卷共12页；答题卡共2页。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上将自己的学校、班级、姓名用0.5毫米黑色签字笔填写清楚，同时用2B铅笔将考号准确填涂在“考号”栏目内。2.选择题使用2B铅笔填涂在答题卡对应题目标号的位置上，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后再选涂其它答案；非选择题用0.5毫米黑色签字笔书写在答题卡的对应框内，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。3.考试结束后将答题卡收回。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）回答听力部分时，先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结
2、束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题并阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15. B.9.18. C. 9.15.答案：C.1.Where did the conversation take place?A. On a plane. B.On a train. C.On a bus.2.What did the man do
3、?A. He cooked a cake. B.He took a test. C. He fixed a washing machine.3.Whats the mans uncle?A.A teacher. B.A boss. C.An editor.4. What time is it now?A.9:40. B.9:45. C. 9:50.5.What is the womans suggestion for the man?A.Listen to music. B. Start his own business. C.Try his luck at the supermarket.第
4、二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What could the man most probably be?A. A taxi driver. B.A policeman. C.A hotel clerk.7.Where does the woman think she lost her cell phone?A.
5、 In a park. B. In a supermarket. C. In a taxi.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.What are they talking about?A.School trips. B.Great paintings. C.Climate changes.9.Which place did the girl go to last year?A. A museum. B.A sport centre. C.A garden.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What is the woman?A. A student. B. A teacher. C.A
6、businesswoman.11.What does the woman think of her Chinese?A.Better than before. B.Unable to speak it. C.As good as her own language.12.Whats the womans advice for people going abroad?A.Work hard. B. Be patient. C.Dont be afraid of being laughed at.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Why did the man fail to answer t
7、he call yesterday?A.He didnt hear the ringing. B.He was talking with others. C.He didnt answer it in time.14.What did the man do yesterday morning?A.He met some representatives. B.He worked on a report. C.He attended a meeting.15.What did the woman do yesterday morning?A. Talked to Tom. B.Had a meet
8、ing. C.Received a customer.16.What are they talking about in the end?A. The womans research. B.The mans report. C. Their boring day.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.What was the Renaissance mainly about?A The Latin language. B. The Christian religion. C.Arts and science.18. How long did the Renaissance last?A.
9、About 200 years. B.About 300 years. C.About 400 years.19.What does the term Renaissance manmean?A. Someone doing many things well.B.Someone living in Italy in the past.C.Someone being very famous throughout history.20. What is Da Vinci best known for?A. His paintings. B.His inventions. C. His songs.
10、第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ACOMMON TYPES OF DRUGS CocaineA white powdery drug obtained from the leaves of coca plant.In general, abusers may experience sleeplessness, loss of appetite,aggressive behavior,depression,illusion(幻觉） as well a
11、s high blood pressure and racing heartbeat.Repeated intakes will severely damage the immune system and result in death.MorphineAs an extract(提取物）of opium, Morphine is widely used as a painkiller by doctors. However, it is highly addictive and abusers may experience paranoia,illusion and mental disor
12、ders.Excessive doses may cause death of breath failure.HeroinA highly addictive drug made from morphine. It rapidly causes addiction, damages the immune system, and causes itchy skin, reduced appetite,irregular heartbeat and blood pressure. Repeated injection at the same site causes veins to collaps
13、e.Death can occur from overdoses and diseases such as AIDS can be acquired from sharing needles.MarijuanaComing from the cannabis sativa plant, Marijuana goes by a variety of nicknames such as: dope, grass,pot, weed and Mary Jane. Abusers will experience hunger, increased talkativeness, mild illusio
14、n and slow reactions after consumption. Long-term abusers commonly suffer from hormonal disorder and smoking-related diseases.Cough medicineCommercially produced cough medicines contain varying amounts of Codeine. Small doses of codeine effectively relieve cough symptoms but abuse of Codeine can lea
15、d to addiction.Cough Medicine abusers may suffer from sleepiness, dry mouth, difficulty to urinate(排尿），light-headedness, loss of appetite and itchiness of the skin. Depression and confusion are also common side effects.Drugs destroy lives and families and cost society dearly. Cherish your life and s
16、tay away from drugs!1. How many drugs mentioned above can kill people?A. 2.B. 3.C. 4.D. 5.2. What does Morphine and Cough medicine have in common?A. They are both deadly.B. They may cause great depression.C. They can be used to treat diseases.D. They will damage our immune system.3. What does the au
17、thor intend to do with this passage?A. To introduce to us different kinds of drugs.B. To call on us to keep away from drugs.C. To warn us of the great harm of drugs.D. To tell us some stories about drugs.【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了常见的毒品及其危害。【1题详解】细节理解题。在 Cocaine段落中提到“ damage the immune s
18、ystem and result in death损害免疫系统并导致死亡”；在Morphine段落中提到“ may cause death of breath failure可能导致呼吸衰竭死亡”；在Heroin段落在提到“Death can occur from overdoses and diseases死亡可能是由于过量使用而引起”，由此可知，这三种毒品均会导致死亡。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。在Morphine段落中提到“Morphine is widely used as a painkiller by doctors吗啡被医生广泛用作止痛药”；在Cough medicine段
19、落中提到“Small doses of codeine effectively relieve cough symptoms小剂量可待因能有效缓解咳嗽症状”，由此可知，这两种毒品均对某些疾病有效果。选项C“They can be used to treat diseases. 它们可以用来治疗疾病。”符合题意。故选C项。【3题详解】推理判断题。文章主要介绍了几种毒品，在文章的最后作者提到“Cherish your life and stay away from drugs! 珍惜生命，远离毒品！”就可以推断出作者的写作目的。选项B” To call on us to keep away fro
20、m drugs. 呼吁我们远离毒品。符合题意故选B项。【点睛】BWhat makes one a great person? The legendary volleyball coach Lang Ping gave the answer in the recent documentary The Iron Hammer, titled after her nickname for her powerful strikes.The documentary features Lang s inspiring journey from her gold medal victory as a vol
21、leyball player in the 1984 Olympics to her unparalleled(无可比拟的）career as a successful coach for both Team USA from 2005 to 2008 and China since 2013.She led the US to a silver medal finish and China to a gold medal triumph in the 2008 and 2016 Olympic Games, making her the first person to win Olympic
22、 volleyball gold as a player and coach.Lang Ping revealed the secret to such remarkable achievements in the documentary. “I believe volleyball was my destiny, she said.But glory and challenges go hand in hand. Troubled by severe injuries to her cervical vertebra(颈椎），back, waist and knees, caused by
23、intense exercise and hard work, the 60-year-old has undergone more than 10 surgeries. “No parts of my body function well, she joked.But illness is certainly not the only difficulty Lang has faced throughout her career. In 2005, she struggled with balancing raising her daughter Lydia Bai Lang, who li
24、ved in the US, and her coaching career, according to China Sports Daily. She eventually decided to work for USA Volleyball that year and this decision aroused a lot of negative comments back in China.“Im proud of being Chinese.” Lang responded in an interview.Later,she returned to head the Chinese w
25、omen s volleyball team in 2013, leading the team successfully defending its World Cup crown with a perfect record of 11 straight wins last year.There is no doubt that Lang is one of the greatest players and coaches in history. As an athlete commented in the documentary, “Lang Ping is like Michael Jo
26、rdan in our minds.”4. What does this passage mainly talk about?A. Ways to become a great person.B. Reasons for Lang Pings success.C. Lang Ping and her successful career.D. Great athletes and their achievements.5. Why did Lang Ping go to work for USA Volleyball in 2005?A. To make a big fortune.B. To
27、take care of her family.C. To avoid negative comments.D. To establish her reputation abroad.6. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 4 probably mean ?A. Success comes at a price.B. Challenges are as important as glory.C. Athletes are likely to get their hands injured.D. Lang Ping has troubl
28、e in achieving her goals.7. Why is Michael Jordan mentioned at the end of the passage?A. To honor the legendary pop star.B. To draw the attention of readers to another field.C. To illustrate there are lots of great people in the world.D. To acknowledge Lang Pings status and achievements.【答案】4. C 5.
29、B 6. A 7. D【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲了郎平和她成功的事业。郎平付出了许多努力，才获得了今天瞩目的成就，大家对她评价很高，认为她是人们心目中的迈克尔乔丹。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“What makes one a great person? The legendary volleyball coach Lang Ping gave the answer in the recent documentary The Iron Hammer, titled after her nickname for her powerful strikes.”（是什么让一个人成为伟
30、大的人?传奇女排教练郎平在最近的纪录片铁榔头中给出了答案。铁榔头以郎平的绰号命名，郎平因为她的强力击球而得此绰号）结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了郎平和她成功的事业。故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“In 2005, she struggled with balancing raising her daughter Lydia Bai Lang, who lived in the US, and her coaching career, according to China Sports Daily. She eventually decided to work for USA V
31、olleyball that year and this decision aroused a lot of negative comments back in China.”（据中国体育报报道，2005年，她在抚养住在美国的女儿Lydia Bai Lang和自己的教练生涯之间挣扎。那年，她最终决定为美国排球队工作，这一决定在国内引起了很多负面评论）可知2005年郎平去美国排球队工作是为了照顾她的家庭。故选B。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词后的部分“Troubled by severe injuries to her cervical vertebra(颈椎），back, waist an
32、d knees, caused by intense exercise and hard work, the 60-year-old has undergone more than 10 surgeries. “No parts of my body function well, she joked.”（由于剧烈运动和艰苦工作，她的颈椎、背部、腰部和膝盖严重受伤，60岁的她已经经历了10多次手术。“我身体的任何部位都不能正常工作，”她开玩笑说）可知郎平在取得瞩目成就的同时，也因繁重的工作得了许多疾病。由此推知，第四段中划线句子的意思是“成功是有代价的”。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后
33、一段“There is no doubt that Lang is one of the greatest players and coaches in history. As an athlete commented in the documentary, “Lang Ping is like Michael Jordan in our minds.”（ 毫无疑问，郎平是历史上最伟大的球员和教练之一。一位运动员在纪录片中评论道:“郎平就像我们心目中的迈克尔乔丹。”）可推知，在文章的最后提到了迈克尔乔丹是肯定郎平的地位和成就。故选D。CThe unforgettable characters
34、are often the ones that we can identify with. Chibi Maruko-chan(樱桃小丸子），the main character from the Japanese anime series of the same name, is one of them. Maruko-chan is a primary school girl who often makes mistakes and puts herself in difficult situations. Yet, for those who were born in the 1980s
35、 and 1990s,Chibi Maruko-chan helped them to feel better about themselves as a kid.But as these young people grew up,Maruko-chan, did not. Last month, however, Momoko Sakura, the creator of the popular cartoon series, passed away at the age of 53.“I feel so sad about her death, which came too early,
36、wrote Soichi Aida, editor-in-chief of Ribbon magazine,which first published Chibi Maruko-chan in 1986. “But the bright smiles of Maruko-chan and her friends will keep shining in the minds of readers.Unlike many popular characters, Maruko-chan isnt pretty, nor does she have any kind of special abilit
37、y. In fact, shes lazy and hates to do chores. But this is what makes her so popular among so many people, young and old. Maruko is not perfect and owns all the qualities of a 9-year-old girl -shes naughty, funny, and occasionally depressed. She is afraid of exams and leaves her homework until the la
38、st day of the holiday,reported Chinese website H.Later,as Maruko-chan gradually learns the ways of the world, she comes across a lot of problems, but her intelligence helps her out.The carefree girl is known for her funny yet wise sayings,such as,Leave happiness to the last in a bittersweet life,and
39、 Self-reliance is the secret to consistent happiness.Maruko-chans facial expressions are also what stay in viewers minds. Whenever she feels awkward, lines suddenly appear on her face, or sometimes an unexpected gust of wind will blow above her head.These expressions show her real feelings when shes
40、 in an uncomfortable environment, which most young people can relate to.Though Maruko-chan has always been a grade-three student, her idea of being true to herself teaches us a lot.Her creator may be gone, but Maruko-chans spirit and attitude will live on for many more years.8. What is Chibi Maruko-
41、chan known for?A. Her good looks and laziness.B. Her intelligence and occasional depression.C. Her special abilities and consistent happiness.D. Her facial expressions and interesting sayings.9. What can we learn about Soichi Aida according to the passage?A. She is a big fan of Japanese cartoons.B.
42、She speaks highly of Momoko Sakura.C. She is the creator of the Ribbon magazine.D. She thinks Chibi Maruko-chan is out of date.10. Why is Maruko-chan so popular among so many people?A. Because she is perfect in every way.B. Because she contributes to our emojis.C. Because she mirrors what little gir
43、ls really are.D. Because she has some special abilities to make people laugh.11. What can we infer from this passage?A. Chibi Maruko-chan teaches us a lot about life.B. Chibi Maruko-chan dies at the end of the cartoon series.C. Chibi Maruko-chan is the most famous anime series in Japan.D. Chibi Maru
44、ko-chan is far better known in China than in Japan.【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了樱桃小丸子的作者樱桃子去世，但是樱桃小丸子这个令人难忘的角色温暖了八十和九十年代的人。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第六段的“The carefree girl is known for her funny yet wise sayings这位无忧无虑的女孩以她有趣而明智的金句而闻名”和第七段的“Maruko-chans facial expressions are also what stay in view
45、ers minds.樱桃小丸子的面部表情也是留在观众脑海中的东西”可知，樱桃小丸子因她的面部表情和有趣的金句出名。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的Soichi Aida 写的“I feel so sad about her death, which came too early我对她的死感到很难过，这来得太早了”和“But the bright smiles of Maruko-chan and her friends will keep shining in the minds of readers.但Maruko-chan和她朋友们的灿烂微笑将继续在读者的脑海中闪耀。”可推断，
46、Soichi Aida高度赞扬Maruko-chan。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段的“Unlike many popular characters, Maruko-chan isnt pretty, nor does she have any kind of special ability. In fact, shes lazy and hates to do chores. But this is what makes her so popular among so many people, young and old.和许多人气角色不同的是，小丸子并不漂亮，也没有什么特殊能
47、力。事实上，她很爱偷懒，也不喜欢做家务。但这也正是老老少少这么多人都喜欢她的原因。”可推断，小丸子如此受人们欢迎的原因是她反映了一个真实的小女孩是什么样子。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Though Maruko-chan has always been a grade-three student, her idea of being true to herself teaches us a lot.Her creator may be gone, but Maruko-chans spirit and attitude will live on for many more
48、years.尽管小丸子一直都只是个上三年级的小学生，但她做自己的想法却教会了我们不少东西。她的作者虽然离世，但小丸子的精神和心态将会长存。” 可推断樱桃小丸子教会了我们关于生活的许多东西，例如做自己。故选A。【点睛】推理判断题失分的一个主要原因是同学们看着题目不知道去文章的什么地方找出题点，定位点找不对即浪费了解题时间，也得不出正确答案。其实此种题型就是在考查对段落中心的理解，所以大家需要熟知段落中心的考点标记，从而快速将文章中的出题点信息和选项间进行比对、匹配。吻合段落中心意思的为解。DHumans are no strangers to widespread viruses,and eac
49、h time a vaccine(疫苗）is developed, it gives us hope for the future. Now, the world is waiting for a vaccine to fight COVID-19.Scientists worldwide have been rolling up their sleeves to work toward an effective novel coronavirus vaccine.Under the coordination(协调）of the World Health Organization (WHO),
50、up to 172 countries have been engaging with the largest and most diverse COVID-19 vaccine portfolio,a plan known as the COVAX Global Vaccines Facility.COVAX is a system for joint purchasing and balancing the risks of multiple vaccines. When a vaccine proves to be safe and effective, all countries wi
51、thin the facility will be able to access it, according to Xinhua.The plan is aimed to ensure that all countries, no matter their economic status, can get the vaccine in a timely manner when one is available. It also makes sure that prices will be kept as low as possible.A number of vaccines are now
52、in the final stage of clinical trials, said WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus on Aug 24,adding that the goal of COVAX is to deliver at least 2 billion doses of a vaccine by the end of 2021.According to the WHO, at present, nine potential vaccines are part of the portfolio.To guarantee
53、the equal access and fair assignment of COVID-19 vaccinesthe WHO has said that the world needs to prevent vaccine nationalism-countries putting their own interests ahead of others in trying to secure supplies of a possible vaccine.Vaccine nationalism only helps the virus,Tedros said, warning that it
54、 would lead to a prolonged pandemic(疫情） if only a small number of countries got most of the supply.Like an orchestra,we need all instruments to be played in harmony to create music that everyone enjoys, he said.Vaccine development looks promising,as several countries have made great progress. Russia
55、 began production of its first batch of a COVID-19 vaccine on Aug 15, according to its health ministry. Its the worlds first registered vaccine. Four Chinese vaccine candidates have started international stage-3 clinical trials.12. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Russia is
56、 the first country to have made progress in fighting COVID-19.B. COVAX ensures all the countries get the vaccine at the same time.C. WHO plays an important role in fighting COVID-19.D. Scientist have produced 2 billion doses of vaccines.13. Whats the authors attitude towards vaccine nationalism?A. S
57、upportive.B. Critical.C. Optimistic.D. Sympathetic14. Tedros compared fighting COVID-19 to an orchestra to_.A. show his deep love for musicB. make the passage more interestingC. illustrate the similarities in betweenD. stress the importance of cooperation15. What can be the best title for the text ?
58、A. United for vaccineB. Vaccine on the wayC. Fighting against COVID-19D. Say goodbye to COVID-19【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述全球须共同应对新冠疫情，防止“疫苗民族主义”。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Vaccine development looks promising,as several countries have made great progress. Russia began production of its firs
59、t batch of a COVID-19 vaccine on Aug 15, according to its health ministry.（随着一些国家取得了巨大的进展，疫苗开发看起来很有希望。俄罗斯卫生部称，俄罗斯于8月15日开始生产第一批COVID-19疫苗。）”可知，文章中只是说俄罗斯开始生产新冠疫苗，并没有说俄罗斯是第一个在对抗新冠疫情上取得进步的国家，所以选项A错误；根据第5段“The plan is aimed to ensure that all countries, no matter their economic status, can get the vaccin
60、e in a timely manner when one is available. It also makes sure that prices will be kept as low as possible.（该计划旨在确保所有国家，无论其经济状况如何，都能在有疫苗的情况下及时获得疫苗。这也确保了价格将尽可能保持在最低水平。）”可知，选项B .COVAX确保所有国家同时接种疫苗，描述错误；根据第三段“Under the coordination(协调）of the World Health Organization (WHO),up to 172 countries have been
61、engaging with the largest and most diverse COVID-19 vaccine portfolio, a plan known as the COVAX Global Vaccines Facility.”可知，在世界卫生组织的协调下，多达172个国家参与了“最大和最多样化的COVID-19疫苗组合”，这是一个被称为COVAX全球疫苗基金的计划。由此可知，选项C，世界卫生组织在对抗COVID-19中扮演着重要角色，正确；根据第6段“the goal of COVAX is to deliver at least 2 billion doses of a
62、vaccine by the end of 2021.（COVAX的目标是在2021年底前提供至少20亿剂疫苗。）可知，选项D的描述错误。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第四段“To guarantee the equal access and fair assignment of COVID-19 vaccines, the WHO has said that the world needs to prevent vaccine nationalism-countries putting their own interests ahead of others in trying t
63、o secure supplies of a possible vaccine.（为了确保COVID-19疫苗的平等获得和公平分配，世界卫生组织表示，世界需要防止疫苗民族主义各国在试图确保可能的疫苗供应时，将自身利益置于他人之上。）和倒数第三段“Vaccine nationalism only helps the virus,Tedros said, warning that it would lead to a prolonged pandemic(疫情） if only a small number of countries got most of the supply.（“疫苗民族主义只
64、会帮助病毒，”Tedros说，并警告说，如果只有少数国家获得大部分疫苗供应，就会导致长期的大流行。）可知，结合作者文章的描述可知，作者对疫苗民族主义持批判的态度。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Like an orchestra, we need all instruments to be played in harmony to create music that everyone enjoys（就像管弦乐队一样，我们需要所有的乐器和谐地演奏，才能创造出每个人都喜欢的音乐）”可知，Tedros将抗击新冠肺炎比作乐队，目的是强调合作的重要性。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。
65、阅读文章内容，根据倒数第四段“To guarantee the equal access and fair assignment of COVID-19 vaccines, the WHO has said that the world needs to prevent vaccine nationalism-countries putting their own interests ahead of others in trying to secure supplies of a possible vaccine.（为了确保COVID-19疫苗的平等获得和公平分配，世界卫生组织表示，世界需要
66、防止疫苗民族主义各国在试图确保可能的疫苗供应时，将自身利益置于他人之上。）和倒数第二段“Like an orchestra, we need all instruments to be played in harmony to create music that everyone enjoys, he said.（就像管弦乐队一样，我们需要所有的乐器和谐地演奏，才能创造出每个人都喜欢的音乐）”可知，本文讲述在应对新冠疫情时，全球人们需要团结一致，通力合作，才能战胜疫情。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余
67、选项。At some point when you were a child,a trusted adult likely told you that if you held a seashell up to your ear, youd hear the ocean._16_Seashells are not special capsules that have stored the sounds of their native homes.But what exactly is that rushing sound youre hearing?_17_ “The sound of an e
68、mpty shell held up to the ear is created by echoes(回声）from sounds made in the environment.”Geerat J. Vermeil, a distinguished professor of Earth and Planetary Sciences at the University of California,told us._18_Other structures with openings, like empty bowls or bottles, can produce similar sounds.
69、 “When the noise around us hits the internal surface of this hard seashell, multiple reflection occurs,” said Vermeil. “Whether you hold a seashell or the mouth of an empty bowl around your ear, you experience the ocean-like sound quality as a result of a phenomenon called “resonance.”_19_ It says t
70、hat youre hearing the sound of your own rushing blood in your body. But scientists also clarify that it doesnt change with variation of pulse or blood pressure. “All this is perhaps a bit unimportant, but a more interesting question is what controls the frequencies of echoes Vermeil added,indicating
71、 that theres a need for further research into shape, volume and shell thickness in relation to pitch. _20_ Actually, if you put a shell to your ear on the beach, the sounds you hear will include partly some ocean noises.A. The same goes for shells.B. The answer is less mystical.C. This effect is not
72、 limited to shells.D. Now you probably know that this is not true.E. Scientists are working hard to find the answer.F. Maybe the original myth is not completely false.G. Theres another explanation for the rushing sound in a seashell.【答案】16. D 17. B 18. C 19. G 20. F【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过贝壳回声介绍了一种回声共振现
73、象。【16题详解】根据下文“Seashells are not special capsules that have stored the sounds of their native homes.”（贝壳并不是用来储存家乡声音的特殊容器。）可知，上文所说的“.if you held a seashell up to your ear, youd hear the ocean.”（如果你把贝壳放在耳边，你就能听到海洋的声音）很可能不是真实的。选项D起承上启下的作用。故选D项。【17题详解】根据上文“But what exactly is that rushing sound youre hea
74、ring?”（但是你到底听到了什么急促的声音？）的提问，以及后文的回答可知，这里选项B是对答案特点的描述。故选B项。【18题详解】根据下文“Other structures with openings, like empty bowls or bottles, can produce similar sounds.”（其他有开口的结构，如空碗或空瓶，也能发出类似的声音。）以及上文对“贝壳回音”的介绍可知，其他有开口的结构和贝壳一样也能发出类似的声音。空格处用“This effect is not limited to shells.”（这种效应不仅限于贝壳），合乎逻辑，语义通顺。故选C项。【1
75、9题详解】根据上文Vermeil教授所解释的这是 a phenomenon called “resonance.”（一种叫做共振的现象）和下文“It says that youre hearing the sound of your own rushing blood in your body.”（它说你听到的是你自己身体里奔腾的血液的声音。）可知，两种解释并不一致，故本段开头应该是“对于贝壳中的急促声音还有另外一种解释”。故选G项。【20题详解】根据上文Vermeil教授对“贝壳回声”另一种解释，和下文“Actually, if you put a shell to your ear on
76、the beach, the sounds you hear will include partly some ocean noises.”（ 事实上，如果你在海滩上把贝壳放在耳边，你听到的声音中会有一部分是海洋的声音。）可知，文章最后又回到了开头所说的“最初的神话传说”。故选F项。【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。所以懂得整篇文章的基本结构或段落的语篇结构对解题很有用。如本文第1题中，把握文章的上下文逻辑联系，通过上文对“神话传说”的介绍，以及下文对传说科学的否定，可知选项
77、D“Now you probably know that this is not true.”（现在你很可能已知道这不是真的）是正确答案。第三部分 英语知识运用第一节 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In the process of celebrating my 60th birthday with a 60 day kindness challenge, I got the greatest birthday surprise from my daughters. When the
78、y asked me what I _21_ for my birthday,I said,please do a _22_ act for someone in my _23_They took it way _24_They got in _25_ with all my friends and family members and asked them to do the _26_ thing I had asked of them, as my birthday _27_. Then they asked them to _28_ them after they had done th
79、eir _29_and tell them what they had done. They also asked their friends to do the same.On my birthday,I was presented with a_30_ scrapbook(剪贴簿）filled with pictures and all the kindness acts written out in their own words,_31_ me what they had done and how it made them feel.The acts ranged from_32_ f
80、requent flyer miles(飞行积分）so someone could visit their mom,shortening showers duration(长度）to help with the water _33_, bringing an elderly neighbor coffee in the morning,stopping to buy a_34_ person lunch,_35_ at a Red Cross blood drive, to many, many other beautiful gestures.I cannot tell you how _3
81、6_ I was by this gift, and even more touched that their young adult friends would _37_ with such love and enthusiasm. I cannot _38_a better gift. I share this story with the _39_that many a beautiful someone” passes on this idea. The joy of it is _40_！21. A. wantedB. plannedC. recommendedD. suspecte
82、d22. A. brightnessB. kindnessC. happinessD. politeness23. A. reputationB. beliefC. honorD. trust24. A. fartherB. deeperC. biggerD. greater25. A. troubleB. agreementC. touchD. tune26. A. variousB. preciousC. meaningfulD. same27. A. presentB. promiseC. contributionD. sacrifice28. A. talk toB. write to
83、C. stare atD. look after29. A. behaviourB. responsibilityC. matterD. act30. A. simpleB. complicatedC. gorgeousD. various31. A. warningB. remindingC. tellingD. explaining32. A. providingB. donatingC. lendingD. objecting33. A. shortageB. pollutionC. impactD. disaster34. A. fearlessB. homelessC. selfle
84、ssD. careless35. A. practisingB. instructingC. monitoringD. volunteering36. A. disturbedB. satisfiedC. touchedD. disappointed37. A. demonstrateB. illustrateC. proposeD. participate38. A. look intoB. think ofC. make outD. pick up39. A. hopeB. decisionC. factD. opinion40. A. challengingB. fascinatingC
85、. appealingD. astonishing【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. A 40. D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者要求女儿们做些善事来庆祝他60岁生日，而她们让更多的人参与。作者对这样的礼物很是感动，并希望将这个想法不断地传递下去。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她们问我想要什么生日礼物时。A. wanted想要；B. planned计划；C. recommende
86、d推荐；D. suspected怀疑。女儿们问作者想要什么生日礼物。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为我庆祝请为我做一件善事。A. brightness明亮；B. kindness善良；C. happiness幸福；D. politeness礼貌。根据“In the process of celebrating my 60th birthday with a 60 day kindness challenge, I got the greatest birthday surprise from my daughters.”可知，作者要求女儿们为他做一件善事。故选B。【23题详解】
87、考查名词词义辨析。句意：为我庆祝请为我做一件善事。A. reputation名声；B. belief信念；C. honor荣誉；D. trust相信。in ones honor为纪念，为庆祝。为了庆祝作者的生日，要求女儿们为他做一件善事。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：她们走得更远。A. farther更远的；B. deeper更深的；C. bigger更大的；D. greater更伟大的。这里指女儿们将这件事情做得更为深远。指故选A。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她们联系了我所有的朋友和家人，让他们做我要求她们做的同样的事情，作为我的生日礼物。A. troubl
88、e麻烦；B. agreement同意；C. touch接触；D. tune和谐。get in touch with sb.与某人联系。这里指女儿们联系了作者所有的朋友和家人来参与到这样的事情中。故选C。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们联系了我所有的朋友和家人，让他们做我要求他们做的同样的事情，作为我的生日礼物。A. various不同的；B. precious宝贵的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. same相同的。这里相同的事情即指每个人都去做一件善事。故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们联系了我所有的朋友和家人，让他们做我要求他们做的同样的事情，作为我的生
89、日礼物。A. present礼物；B. promise答应；C. contribution贡献；D. sacrifice牺牲。根据“When they asked me what I _1_ for my birthday”可知，做善事作为作者的生日礼物。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然后请他们做完这些事后写信告诉她们所做的事。A. talk to与说话；B. write to给写信；C. stare at盯着看；D. look after照顾。做完善事之后，写信告诉女儿们他们所做的事。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后请他们做完这些事后写信告诉她们所做的事
90、。A. behaviour行为；B. responsibility责任；C. matter关系；D. act行为。这里指完成了他们的行为，即做完善事之后。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的生日那天，我收到了一本精美的剪贴簿，里面有照片，还有他们用自己的话写下来的所有的善举，告诉我他们做了什么以及他们的感受。A. simple简单的；B. complicated复杂的；C. gorgeous华丽的；精美的；D. various不同的。作者在生日那天，收到一本精美的剪贴簿。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我的生日那天，我收到了一本精美的剪贴簿，里面有照片，还有他
91、们用自己的话写下来的所有的善举，告诉我他们做了什么以及他们的感受。A. warning警告；B. reminding提醒；C. telling告诉；D. explaining解释。剪贴簿的内容不仅记录了他们所做的善举，还告诉作者他们做善举之后的感受。故选C。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些“行为”包括捐赠飞行积分以便有人能去看望他们的妈妈。A. providing提供；B. donating捐赠；C. lending借；D. objecting反对。donate sth. to sb.捐赠某物给某人。这里指捐赠飞行积分兑换机票。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：缩短洗澡时
92、间以帮助解决缺水问题。A. shortage短缺；B. pollution污染；C. impact影响；D. disaster灾难。根据“shortening showers duration(长度）”可知缩短洗澡的时间是为了帮助解决缺水问题。故选A。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：早上给一位年长的邻居送咖啡，停下来为无家可归的人买午餐。A. fearless无畏的；B. homeless无家可归的；C. selfless自私的；D. careless粗心的。买午餐送给无家可归的人。故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在红十字会献血活动中做志愿者。A. practising练
93、习；B. instructing教导；C. monitoring监视；D. volunteering自愿。自愿参加红十字会献血活动。故选D。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无法用语言来表达我对这份礼物的感动，更让我感动的是，他们的年轻的成年朋友们会带着如此的爱和热情参与其中。A. disturbed不安的；B. satisfied满意的；C. touched感动的；D. disappointed失望的。根据“and even more touched that their young adult friends would _17_ with such love and enthus
94、iasm.”可知，作者对于这份礼物很感动。故选C。37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我无法用语言来表达我对这份礼物的感动，更让我感动的是，他们的年轻的成年朋友们会带着如此的爱和热情参与其中。A. demonstrate证明；B. illustrate说明；C. propose打算；D. participate参与。更让作者感动的是更多的人参与到这些活动中。故选D。【38题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我想不出更好的礼物了。A. look into调查；B. think of考虑；想出；C. make out辨别；D. pick up学会。作者想不出比这更好的礼物了。故选B。【39题详解】
95、考查名词词义辨析。句意：我分享这个故事是希望许多美丽的“某人”能够传承这个想法。A. hope希望；B. decision决定；C. fact事实；D. opinion观点。作者希望更多的人能够传承这个想法，做更多的善事。故选A。【40题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它的快乐是惊人的!A. challenging挑战性的；B. fascinating迷人的；C. appealing引起兴趣的；D. astonishing惊人的。做善事所带来的快乐是惊人的。故选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In an
96、cient times, our ancestors relied on stars to guide them _41_a clear night. Today,with the help of Beidou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), _42_is entirely built by Chinese engineers, we Chinese can easily find our way.The BDS is one of four global navigation _43_(network),along with the United Sta
97、tes GPS,Russias GLONASS and the European Unions Galileo. With the last satellite launched from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June 23, the global network of 59 satellites _44_(complete) since then. On July 31,Beidou started providing full-scale global services. Its difficult to imagine the g
98、reat effect which those satellites have on our daily lives. This year, Hellobike, a popular bike-sharing company came out with two new bike models _45_（equip) with the positioning service.Users can find shared bikes more accurately thanks to Beidous global positioning accuracy of 2.34 meters.As the
99、_46_(large) space-based system in China,Beidou adopts a unique two-way communication system, including its ability _47_(receive) messages sent by people from areas with poor signals. _48_ (obvious), this exclusive function isnt designed for users to chat online. Instead,it plays _49_ important role
100、when terrible disasters occur and ground-based communications are blocked. As Sun Jiadong,former chief designer of the BDS,put it: The application of Beidou is only limited by _50_（imagine).【答案】41. on 42. which 43. networks 44. has been completed 45. equipped 46. largest 47. to receive 48. Obviously
101、 49. an 50. imagination【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了北斗导航系统的应用功能等基本情况。【41题详解】考查时间介词。句意：在古代，我们的祖先在晴朗的夜晚依靠星星指引他们前进。根据句意“在晴朗的夜晚”可知，具体到了一个怎样的夜晚，故时间介词用on。故填on。【42题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：今天，在完全由中国工程师建造的北斗导航卫星系统的帮助下，我们中国人很容易找到自己的路。句中“_is entirely built by Chinese engineers”做定语修饰限定先行词BDS，它是个句子且其前有逗号，故为非限制性定语从句。空格处为此从句的关
102、系词且从句缺主语，故关系词从关系代词that/which/as中选择。其中“as”表示“正如”时或固定搭配中使用，that不用于非限定从，故“as/that”不适合本从句。故填which。【43题详解】考查名词。句意：BDS是四个全球导航网络之一。分析句子可知，空格处需填名词，且“one of(network).”意为 “网络之一”。根据“one of”“之一”使用时，其后名词需用复数形式。故填networks。【44题详解】考查谓语动词。句意：随着最后一颗卫星于6月23日从西昌卫星发射中心发射升空，由59颗卫星组成的全球网络从此建成。分析句子结构可知空格处为谓语动词，和主语“the glob
103、al network of 59 satellites”为被动关系，且根据“since then”“自那之后”可知，本句时态为现在完成时。故填has been completed。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今年，一家受欢迎的自行车共享公司Hellobike推出了两款配备了定位系统服务的新型自行车。分析句子结构可知空格处为非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰限定名词“bike models”，且二者为逻辑上的动宾关系，故其形式为过去分词。故填equipped。【46题详解】考查形容词。句意：作为中国最大的天基系统。分析句子可知，空格处为形容词，用于修饰限定名词“system”，且根据句意及空格前
104、的“the”可知，此形容词需用最高级形式。故填largest。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：包括接收信号较差地区人们发送的信息的能力。分析句子结构可知空格处为非谓语动词作定语修饰限定名词“ability”，由于某些动词或形容词后可接不定式时，它相应的同根名词也常用不定式做定语，“able”后接不定式，即“be able to do”且它的同根名词为“ability”，所以“ability”后用不定式作定语。故填to receive。【48题详解】考查副词。句意：显然，这个独家功能并不是为用户在线聊天而设计的。根据句意及句子分析可知，空格处用来修饰整个句子，副词可修饰句子，故用其副词形式。
105、故填Obviously。【49题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：相反，当发生严重灾难以及地面通讯中断时，它发挥着重要的作用。固定短语“play an important role”意为“在中扮演重要角色/在上发挥重要作用”。故填an。【50题详解】考查名词。句意：唯有想象能够限制北斗的应用。分析句子及句意“被想象所限制”可知，空格处需填名词，“imagine”的名词形式为“imagination”。故填imagination。【点睛】某些动词或形容词后可接不定式时，它相应的同根名词也常用不定式做定语。这类名词常见的有：ability（能力），ambition（志向），anxiety（切望），atte
106、mpt（尝试），curiosity（好奇心），decision（决定），desire（愿望），disposition（意向），failure（未能），freedom（自由），obligation（义务），permission（允许），plan（计划），promise（许诺），refusal（拒绝），reluctance（不愿），temptation（诱惑），tendency（倾向），willingness（愿意），wish（愿望），yearning（渴望）等。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作
107、文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。We had a school trip on last Sunday. Hundreds of us took part in it excited. At 8:00 am, we set out for the top of Jiuhuang M
108、outain in high spirits. All the way we were chatting,singing and laughing,enjoyed the fresh air and the beautiful sceneries.When someone fall behind,others would come or offer help. About 2 hours later,we all reached the top.Seeing from there, the river below looked like a thin belt. We were very ha
109、ppy that we jumped and cheered with joy. The activity benefited us a lot. Not only did we get close to nature, but also we relaxed myself.What wonderful time!【答案】1.去掉on2.excited excitedly3.enjoyed enjoying4.sceneries scenery5.fallfell6.orand7.SeeingSeen8.veryso。9.myselfourselves。10.What 后加上a【解析】【分析】
110、这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了上周末，作者参加了学校组织一次旅行，登上了九黄山，呼吸了新鲜的空气，欣赏到了美丽的风景，与同学们一起度过了快乐的一天。【详解】1.考查时间状语。句意：上星期天，我们进行了一次学校旅行。last修饰表示时间的名词sunday，可直接在句子中作状语，不需要加介词on。故去掉on。2. 考查副词。句意：我们数百人兴奋地参加了。副词excitedly意为“兴奋地”，修饰动词短语took part in作状语。故将excited改为excitedly。3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一路上我们聊天，唱歌，笑，享受新鲜的空气和美丽的风景。分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是we,谓语是we
111、re chatting,singing and laughing，enjoy与其逻辑主语we之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词enjoying作伴随状语。故将enjoyed改为enjoying。4. 考查名词。句意：一路上我们聊天，唱歌，笑，享受新鲜的空气和美丽的风景。当scenery用作表示“风景”的集合名词时，不可数，没有复数形式，故将sceneries改为scenery。5. 考查时态。句意：当有人落后的时候，有人会来帮忙。根据第一段中“last Sunday”可知，这次旅行发生在过去，旅行途中发生的动作，应该用一般过去时，fall的动词过去式是fell。故将fall改为fell。6.考查连
112、词。句意：当有人落后的时候，有人会来帮忙。“come”与“offer help”是两个并列的动作，or表示选择关系，and表示并列关系。故将or改为and。7.考查非谓语动词。句意：从那里看，下面的河看起来像一条细带。分析句子结构可知，句子主干是 the river below looked like a thin belt，see与其逻辑主语the river之间是被动关系，用其过去分词作时间状语。故将Seeing改为Seen。8.考查结果状语从句。句意：我们如此高兴，以至于跳起来欢呼。分析句意可知，这是一个结果状语从句，sothat 意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语从句，故将very改为s
113、o。9.考查代词。句意：我们不仅亲近了大自然，而且放松了我们自己。relax oneself意为“放松某人自己”，we对应的反身代词是ourselves，故将myself改为ourselves。10.考查固定短语。句意：我们度过了多么美好的时光！a wonderful time 一段美好的时光，该短语是固定短语，故在What 与 wonderful之间加上a。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 假设你是某国际学校的学生李华，最近在学校里总看到有浪费饭菜的现象。请你给全校同学写一封英文信，倡议大家节约粮食。要点包括：1.必要性；2.具体措施；3.发出倡议。注意：1.词数100字左右；2.可适当
114、增加细节已使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已经为你写好，不计入词数。Dear fellow students,_Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear fellow students,Recently, some students are usually seen wasting food. I am writing to call on everyone to participate in the activity of saving food.Saving food is of vital significance. It is not easy for farmers to produce
115、our food, and we should cherish every grain of it. Besides, the COVID-19 is still here and we shouldnt be too optimistic about our food supply. And this is what we can do: When eating at the school, buy no more than you can have. When eating out, take your leftovers back home.I am convinced that, wi
116、th our joint efforts, the phenomenon of wasting food will disappear.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文。【详解】第一步：明确要求。本篇书面表达要求假设你是某国际学校的学生李华，最近在学校里总看到有浪费饭菜的现象。请你给全校同学写一封英文信，倡议大家节约粮食。要点包括：1.必要性；2.具体措施；3.发出倡议。第二步：列关键词。如：call on（号召），participate in（参与），be of vital significance(非常重要)，be optimistic about（对.乐观），more than
117、（多余）等。第三步：连词成句。根据列出的关键词造句，注意主谓一致，时态语态等语法。本篇主要采用一般现在时。第四步：连句成文。注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡。书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】此范文表达流畅，语言优美，内容全面，符合题目要求。其中值得学习的句型有：名词性从句的运用：And this is what we can do:非谓语动词的运用：When eating at the school, buy no more than you can have. When eating out, take your leftovers back home.
