1、Unit 2 English around the world Background information on English Around the WorldI. British English, American English and ChineseCars and DrivingBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishChinesecar parkparking lot 停车场driving licensedrivers license驾照flyover overpass天桥four waycrossroads十字路口hire carrental car 租用
2、车motorwayfreeway(Western U.S.)expressway (Eastern U.S.)高速公路petrolgasoline(gas)汽油tyretire轮胎windscreenwindshield挡风玻璃FoodBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishChinesebiscuitcookie饼干chipsFrench fries炸土豆片crispspotato chips油炸土豆片jacket potatobaked potato带皮烤的马铃薯jamjelly 酱mince hamburger碎牛肉；牛肉饼porridge oatmeal稀饭pud
3、dingdessert布丁；甜点sweetdessert餐后甜点tincan罐头OthersBritish EnglishAmerican EnglishChineseautumnfall 秋天 billcheck清单bin linertrash bag垃圾袋botanic gardenbotanical garden植物园bracessuspenders吊裤带；吊杆charitynon-profit organization慈善机构chemistspharmacy/drug store药店cinema movie theater, theater电影院coachbus长途汽车DIYdo it
4、 yourself自己动手做dustbintrash can垃圾箱engaged (as in telephone)busy（电话）占线fee (for schooling)tuition学费fit (verb)equip, fit out安装flat apartment 单元住宅footballsoccer 足球freephonetoll-free免费电话toll-freedress (noun)外衣；服装gentsmens room男厕headmasterprincipal男厕hire (hire a car)rent (rent a car)租借holidayvacation假日ills
5、ick有病的in future in the future未来，将来in hospital in the hospital住院join the trainget on the train 上火车jumpersweater毛线衫licence (noun) license执照liftelevator电梯lorrytruck卡车mathsmath数学nilzero零notebill纸币on stream on line在生产中postmail邮件queueline长队railwayrailroad铁路returnround trip返程rise (noun - in salary)raise加薪r
6、ubbereraser橡皮擦rucksackbackpack背包shopping trolleyshopping car购物手推车“sorry” “excuse me”, “pardon me”对不起stand (for election)run (for election)竞选swear word curse word咒语subwayunderpass餐巾subwayunderpass地下道；地铁tea toweldish towel餐巾telephone boxtelephone booth电话亭toilet restroom厕所torchflashlight火炬trainerssneak
7、ers运动鞋transport (noun)transportation运输trouserspants裤子trolleycart手推车tube subway 地铁undergroundsubway地铁vestundershirt背心waistcoatvest马甲II. Different English, different spellingsAmerican Englishtheater, center, litercolor, honor, labor, favor, vaportraveler, woolenskillful, fulfillcheckprogramstoryrealiz
8、e, analyze, apologizedefense, offense, licenseburneddreamedsmelledspelledspoiledBritish Englishtheatre, center, litrecolour, honour, labour, favour, vapourtraveler, woolenskilful, fulfilchequeprogrammestoreyrealise, analyse, apologisedefence, offence, licenceburnt/burneddreamt/dreamedsmelt/smelledsp
9、elt/spelledspoilt/spoiledWords and expressions from Unit 2 English Around the World Include 1. v. to be one of the parts; to make something or someone part of a larger group: Our tour party included several retired couples. The team is looking strong; especially now they have included Beckham. 2. in
10、cluding & included: Everyone has to go to the dentists, you included. There were twelve of us, including Tom and me.role: n. 1. the character played by an actor in a play or film; the position that someone has in society or an organization: Matthews plays the role of a young doctor in the film. Wome
11、n are often forced into a supportive role in the family. 2. play a leading/major/key role in=be important in making changes happen: Mandela played a leading role in ending apartheid in South Africa. because of=as the result of a particular thing or someones action: He had to retire because of ill he
12、alth. c.f. She got the job because she was the best candidate. native: 1. adj. your native country or town is the place where you were born: They never saw their native land again. 2. native language/tongue: the language you spoke when you first learned to speak. 3. n. a person who was born in a par
13、ticular place：Are you a native of New York?come up: 1. to be mentioned：A lot of new questions came up at the meeting. 2. to be about to happen soon：Dont you have a birthday coming up soon? 3. to move near someone or something by walking: Come up to the front of the room so everyone can see you.Other
14、 verbal phrases of “come”come about=to happen in a way that seems impossible to control; come across= to meet or find something or someone by chance; come along=get along; to appear at a time you dont expect; to encourage sb. to try harder; come by=to obtain something that is difficult to find; come
15、 up with=to think of an idea; (The small word “come” has many phrasal verbs. It is better to ask the students to refer to a good dictionary.)present: adj. 1. be present: a) to be in a particular place: How many people were present at the meeting yesterday?(opposite of “ absent”) b) to be remembered
16、for a long time: The memory of the disaster last year is still present in her mind. 2. (only before noun) existing now: Whats your present address? c.f. What he said amused all the people present.such as: used to give an example of something; suchas/that: used to emphasize that there is a small amou
17、nt of something or that it is of good quality: The local economy still relies on traditional industries such as farming and mining. c.f. Such food as they gave us was warm and nutritious.Command: 1. vi & vt. to tell someone officially to do something, esp. if you are a military leader or a king to g
18、et something such as attention or respect: The general commanded that the regiment (should) attack at once. Or The General commanded the regiment to attack at once. Dr. Young commands a great deal of respect as a surgeon. 2. get/ have a good command of English=to get/have a good mastery of English.
19、request: 1. vt. to ask for something politely or formally request that (should) + v/ request sb. to do sth.: The staff requested that he reconsider his decision. All club members are requested to attend the annual meeting. 2. n. a polite demand for something: They have made a urgent request for inte
20、rnational aid.recognize: vt. 1. to know who someone is or what something is, because you have ever seen them or it before: Susan came home so thin and weak that her own children hardly recognized her. 2. to accept that an organization has legal or official authority: British medical qualifications a
21、re recognized in Canada. 3. be recognized as= to be thought of as being very good by a lot of people: Jules Vernes novel was recognized as a work of genius.Language focus:1) even if=even though: in spite of the fact; no matter whether: He likes to help us even if he is very busy.2) communicate with:
22、 exchange information or conversation with other people: He learnt to use body language to communicate with deaf customers.3) actually=in fact: used when you are adding new information to what you have just said: Weve known for years. Actually, since we were babies.4) be based on:5) make use of: use
23、 sth. available 6) Only time will tell: to say that something can only be known in the future: Will Chinas national football team enter for the next finals of the World Cup? Only time will tell.Language Chunks from Unit 2 English around the worldbe different from, pay a role(part) in, because of, ei
24、ther or, in/on a team, the number of/a number of, than ever before, even if, comp up to, over time, communicate with, be based on, make use of, have ones own identity, such as, Only time can tell, native speaker, as well as, solve a problem, believe it or not, no such a, all over the world, at the t
25、op(bottom) of, pen friends, to this day, sum up, Pardon?, beg your pardon, go abroad, be used for, more of a , encourage sb. to do sth., work on, feel like sth., from time to time, English-speaking countries, from oneto another, do business, on the air, would like sb. to do, make notes, fight agains
26、t, keepa secret, even though, save time(money), a form ofDirect and Indirect SpeechDirect Speech Indirect Speech simple presentHe said, “I go to school every day.” simple pastHe said (that) he went to school every day. simple past He said, “I went to school every day.” past perfectHe said (that) he
27、had gone to school every day. present perfect He said, “I have gone to school every day.” past perfect He said (that) he had gone to school every day. present progressiveHe said, “I am going to school every day.” past progressiveHe said (that) he was going to school every day. past progressiveHe sai
28、d, “I was going to school every day.” perfect progressiveHe said (that) he had been going to school every day, future (will)He said, “I will go to school every day.” would + verb nameHe said (that) he would go to school every day. future (going to)He said, “I am going to school every day.” present p
29、rogressiveHe said (that) he is going to school every day. past progressiveHe said (that) he was going to school every day Direct Speech Indirect Speech auxiliary + verb nameHe said, “Do you go to school every day?”He said, “Where do you go to school?” simple pastHe asked me if I went to school every
30、 day.*He asked me where I went to school. imperativeHe said, “Go to school every day.” infinitiveHe said to go to school every day. Direct Speech Indirect Speech simple present + simple presentHe says, “I go to school every day.” simple present + simple presentHe says (that) he goes to school every
31、day. present perfect + simple presentHe has said, “I go to school every day.” present perfect + simple presentHe has said (that) he goes to school every day. past progressive + simple pastHe was saying, “I went to school every day.” past progressive + simple pastHe was saying (that) he went to schoo
32、l every day. past progressive + past perfectHe was saying (that) he had gone to school every day. Direct Speech Indirect Speech canHe said, “I can go to school every day.” couldHe said (that) he could go to school every day. mayHe said, “I may go to school every day.” mightHe said (that) he might go
33、 to school every day. mightHe said, “I might go to school every day.” mustHe said, “I must go to school every day.” had toHe said (that) he had to go to school every day. have toHe said, “I have to go to school every day.” shouldHe said, “I should go to school every day.” shouldHe said (that) he sho
34、uld go to school every day. ought toHe said, “I ought to go to school every day.” ought toHe said (that) he ought to go to school every day. 1在某些方面_答案：in some ways2或者或者_答案：eitheror3起重要作用_答案：play an important part / role4走近；达到_答案：come up to5以为基础_答案：be based on / baseon6接近于_答案：be close to7在17世纪_答案：in the 1600s / in the 1600s8利用_答案：make use of9信不信由你_答案：believe it or not10玩得快乐_答案：have fun11请求_答案：make a request12经过时间_答案：over time13即使_答案：even if / even though14的数量_答案：the number of15解决问题_答案：solve the problem16另一门语言_答案：a second language17带去_答案：takewith
