1、山东省济宁市2022届高三英语下学期二模试题注意事项: 1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时, 选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时, 将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThis year, it felt as if every goo
2、d movie was also an argument for why movies matter. They reward your attention, engage your feelings and respect your intelligence. Petite Maman （Cline Sciamma）The death of a grandmother, the sorrow of a parent, the acquisition of a new friend- these ordinary experiences, occurring in the life of an
3、 8-year-old girl, provide the basic structure of this spare, perfect film. Whether its best described as a modern-dress fairy tale, or a low-tech time travel fantasy is up to you. Whats certain is that the performance of the cast causes maximum emotional impact. （Coming to theaters. ）Summer of Soul（
4、Questlove）This documentary about a series of open-air concerts in Harlem in 1969, connecting impressive performances with interviews with musicians and audience members, is a shot of pure joy. But the film is more than a time capsule: Its a history lesson and an argument for why art matters, and wha
5、t it can do, especially in time of anxiety. （Streaming on Hulu. ）Bring Your Own Brigade（Lucy Walker）This documentary about California wildfires of September 2021 is also, almost by accident, an exploration of the countrys response to the Covid-19 pandemic. The picture Walker paints is complicated, p
6、artly because thats the way people are: panicked, generous, stupid and brave. The movie is hardly optimistic, but its open-mindedness provides a buffer against despair. （In theaters. ）The Velvet Underground （Todd Haynes）Like “Summer o f Soul”, this documentary revisits the music of the 1960s in a sp
7、irit that is more historical than just recalling the past. Rather than gathering present-day musicians to celebrate their ancestors, Haynes concentrates on the Velvet, a band, and on the artistic scene that inspired them. In particular, he focuses on their connections to the experimental cinema that
8、 boomed in New York. （Streaming on Apple TV+. ）1. Whats the highlight of Petite Maman?A. Its low cost. B. Its modern style. C. Its unusual story. D. Its impressive acting. 2. What do Summer of Soul and The Velvet Underground have in common?A. Being available offline. B. Sharing the same director. C.
9、 Involving music in the 1960s. D. Interviewing contemporary musicians. 3. Which movie involves current issues?A. Petite Maman. B. Summer of Soul. C. Bring Your Own Brigade. D. The Velvet Underground. BBicycle riding has taken the world by storm. Bicycles are typically made of steel or aluminum（铝） bu
10、t now there is a unique company that is growing bikes on trees, literally. These bicycles are made of British-grown ash trees by Welsh maker Andy Dix. His Hay-on-Wye company, Twmpa Frames, is making bikes that are of high performance and environmentally sustainable. “Its great to push for more bikes
11、 and fewer cars on the road, but theres no escaping the fact that the bike industry as a whole is pretty energy intensive, Dix told Cycling Industry, “Ive always tried to minimize environmental impact in my work. Rather than relying on heavily-processed metals, or layers of plastic that will one day
12、 end up in landfill, Im building bikes from captured carbon, in a process powered by sunlight. ”It took two years to build the prototype （雏形） that was made from ash wood. Dix tested the wooden bike on the roughest roads he could find and discovered that it was comfortable, durable, and excellent at
13、absorbing shakes. He put more than 3, 000 miles on the bike. Dix explained, “I was running along battered roads that would have shaken me to bits on a aluminum bike. The penny dropped: Not only could I make a bike out of wood, but it had inherent advantages over other materials. ”Though cutting down
14、 trees can add to more carbon in the atmosphere, sustainable tree farming is possible. Dix said that manufacturing a British tonne of aluminum results in carbon emissions of 4, 532 kg while producing a tonne of wood only emits 457 kg. Currently, the cost of a new Twmpa Cycle is out-of-reach for many
15、 bicycle riders; but the idea of using sustainable materials like ash trees could start a new cycling revolution that puts the environment first. Helping the environment could be just a pedal away. 4. Whats paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The materials for building bikes. B. The driving force for wooden
16、 bikes. C. The problems with cycling industry. D. The process of building wooden bikes. 5. What does the underlined part “The penny dropped” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. The truth came out. B. Money was missing. C. The bike broke down. D. The efforts were in vain. 6. What can be inferred from the
17、 last paragraph?A. Logging trees is a wrong practice. B. Developing sustainable forestry is a must. C. Carbon emission calls for urgent attention. D. The wooden bike does more good than harm. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title of the text?A. Less Carbon, More SustainableB. Amazing? Bikes
18、Grow on TreesC. No Innovation, No DevelopmentD. Amusing? Bike Riding Is Taking offCThe complexities of human relations are difficult enough for adults to identify-and they have at least some idea of the rules. Children have yet to learn those rules. Infants（婴儿） are, nevertheless, able quickly to ide
19、ntify close relationships between other people, and thus to build up a map of the social world around them. How this comes out has puzzled sociologists for decades. In a paper just published in Science, Ashley Thomas of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology proposes a partial answer: saliva（唾液）s
20、hared by kissing, for example, or the common use of an eating or drinking tool. The researchers came to the conclusion based on a series of studies. They selected two groups of several dozen youngsters. One was a set of babies aged between eight and ten months. The other was a group of toddlers aged
21、 between 16 and 18 months. Each infant was shown a video of an adult interacting with a puppet（木偶）, followed by another video of that puppet in trouble while the same adult, and also a stranger, looked on. When the interaction in the first video appeared to involve the sharing of saliva-puppet and a
22、dult taking constant bites from an orange in turn-both sets of infants looked mainly at that same adult in the second video, and not the stranger. When the interaction in the first video was friendly but less thick, such as passing a ball back and forth, the infants had equal expectations of both ad
23、ults when shown the second video. The conclusion was reconfirmed by subsequently replacing the puppet with a different one and repeating the second test. In this case the children showed no consistent expectation about which adult would intervene to relieve the puppets trouble. Conducting her experi
24、ment by video enabled Dr. Thomas to cast her search for trial participants beyond Massachusetts. She nevertheless decided, in this first instance, to limit things to the United States. Future runs, she hopes, will reach beyond that countrys borders. 8. What does the underlined word “this” in paragra
25、ph 2 refer to?A. Adults identifying human relations. B. Childrens learning interpersonal rules. C. Babies getting toknow new things around them. D. Infants recognizing relationships between people. 9. Which can best describe the research process?A. Well-designed. B. Time-consuming. C. Tightly-schedu
26、led. D. Risk-taking. 10. What can the tests illustrate?A. Infants tend to believe in adults blindly. B. Saliva-sharing is indicative of closeness. C. Infants are competent to show sympathy. D. Saliva-sharing acts as a comfort for infants. 11. What was Dr. Thomass expectation for the future tests?A.
27、An extension of age group. B. More advanced equipment. C. A broader regional coverage. D. Diverse experimental methods. DOne of the most powerful social desires expressed by teenagers is to be thought of as cool and popular by their peers（同龄人）, which is quite natural. Often, the terms“cool” and “pop
28、ular” get used interchangeably as if they were just different labels for the same perception. On closer examination, however, it becomes clear that they are quite different and have a fairly complicated relationship with each other. Lets start by examining what popularity is all about. At first glan
29、ce, popularity is easy to define and recognize: A popular person is an individual who is well-known, well-liked, and admired by others. However, the sources of the social power possessed by popular people can be quite different. Specifically, sociometric popularity （SP） primarily reflects “likeabili
30、ty” and it is linked with qualities such as being kind and trustworthy. However, peer-perceived popularity （PP） is based upon a judgment of how popular others think that person is among his or her peers. It reflects what we might call “status and is often related with less desirable qualities such a
31、s being dominant, aggressive, or “stuck-up”. So, popularity is a more complicated concept than it may seem. As complicated as popularity is, coolness is even more so. Coolness is a broader category than popularity. One can be cool by having cool stuff, by doing cool stuff, or by just plain “being co
32、ol”. It is a combination of self-presentation, fashion, and attitude. Its pushback against norms and authority that may label itself as not caring about traditional routes to success such as academic achievement and being “too cool for school”. Hence, coolness and popularity represent two completely
33、 independent terms. The pursuit of being cool and popular will probably always be part of the human experience, especially among young people. In and of itself, this is neither good nor bad. But it may be useful to be aware of the differences in these qualities and be clear about exactly what it is
34、that we are pursuing. 12. What is a common understanding of coolness and popularity?A. They contradict each other. B. They share a complex connection. C. They are simply the same concept. D. They can only be owned by the young. 13. Why does the author mention SP and PP in paragraph 3?A. To make a pr
35、oposal. B. To illustrate a concept. C. To classify popularity. D. To list typical qualities. 14. Which can be regarded as being cool?A. Following suit. B. Prioritizing others. C. Observing traditions. D. Challenging authority. 15. What does the author think of the pursuit of coolness and popularity?
36、A. Its unblameable. B. Its rewarding. C. Its undesirable. D. Its shameful. 第二节（共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It may come as a surprise that the fashion industry is one of the most polluting industries in the world, especially when it comes to carbon emissions an
37、d water usage. 16 Clothingproduction releases 10% of worldwide carbon emissions. Although cotton is often offered as a more sustainable material, one cotton shirt requires 2, 700 liters of water to make, which is enough for one person to drink eight cups per day for 2. 5 years. 17 However, its unden
38、iable that sustainable companies like Reformation and Organic Basics are out of most peoples price ranges. Fast-fashion clothing companies have the advantage of low prices, and when it comes down to it, most people will choose low prices over sustainability. So, how can people buy sustainable clothi
39、ng when its not affordable?18Actually, there are other ways to practice sustainable habits. Of course, the best way to limit waste is to not buy any new clothes. For example, saving up to buy more sustainable clothes and then wearing them for many years is healthier for the environment and your wall
40、et. 19 Then you can combine them with your statement pieces to get a variety of new outfits that still feel stylish and dont generate waste. Certainly, buying second-hand clothing is also a great option. With ever-changing fashion trends moving at breakneck speed, consumers are easily persuaded into
41、 buying latest designs to stay stylish and sustainable. 20 Honestly, its unnecessary. Wearing what makes you feel confident will make you look good, and the earth will thank you for your efforts. A. The reality is frightening. B. However, trend is hard to keep up. C. They have no choice but to follo
42、w suit. D. They cant, and moreover, they dont have to. E. A similar resolution is to own some basic pieces. F. Sustainable fashion has been on the rise in recent years. G. Industrial development is pursued at the price of pollution. 第二部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四
43、个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whether it is a relaxing walk or a power one, taking a walk usually only lasts a small duration of time. This was not the 21 for Tom Turcich, though. On April 2, 2015, Tom decided to walk around the world by himself. It wasnt a22thought. His childhood friend died 23 at the age of
44、17 due to a jet ski accident. 24 byhow short life was, he was fueled by a strong_25 to live every day to its fullest. Toms walk 26 as a lone journey. But quickly, he found himself missing_27onthe road. And so, while making a stop in Austin, Texas, he 28 Savannah, a rescue puppy. Since then, the pair
45、 have been making their way across borders, continents and seas, 29 25, 000 miles in all. Traveling always has some ups and downs. Tom 30 numerous unexpected delays along the way. He was 31 due to severe weather in Panama and became very ill in Scotland. Also, he had no_32 but to wait out pandemic l
46、ockdowns in many countries. But on the 33 side, he met many kind people and 34 the beauty of nature in different parts of the world. Tom 35 something few people have succeeded in, which he believes helped him gain a much larger understanding of the world. 21.A. caseB. routineC. reasonD. intention22.
47、A. novelB. wiseC. suddenD. simple23.A. instantlyB. unexpectedlyC. eventuallyD. undoubtedly24.A. TornB. StruckC. ImpressedD. Inspired25.A. enthusiasmB. curiosityC. prideD. desire26.A. startedB. progressedC. provedD. remained27.A. neighborhood B. childhoodC. companionship D. citizenship28.A. delivered
48、B. spottedC. savedD. adopted29.A. coveringB. measuringC. occupyingD. equaling30.A. anticipatedB. encounteredC. toleratedD. ignored31.A. blown awayB. carried awayC. backed upD. held up32.A. responsibility B. rightC. alternativeD. opportunity33.A. roughB. invisibleC. moralD. bright34.A. appreciatedB.
49、missedC. recalledD. preserved35.A. discoveredB. challengedC. profiledD. renewed第二节（共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A photo taken on March 23, 2022 shows students attending a livestreamed popular-science lecture given by the Shenzhou-13 crew members. 36 class began at 3: 40 p.
50、 m. and was attended by students from three classrooms across China. Wang Yaping, 37 was assisted by the other two crew members, conducted several scientific experiments. One of the most 38 （appeal） experiments was the “ice ball” experiment. As she showed, 39 the space station maintains a fixed temp
51、erature at all times, she can transform water into “ice” with only a “tap”. It turned out to be a crystallization （结晶） effect 40 （cause） by the micro-gravity environment in space. Students 41 （enthusiastic） raised questions concerning their daily lives. The livestream was broadcast by China Central
52、Television, 42 （draw） a total of 3. 3 million views. A number of countries have engaged in space lectures, but only China and the US 43 （realize） the livestreaming of lectures with smooth two-way connections between Earth and space so far. It will not only promote 44 （man） understanding toward the v
53、alues of manned space flight but more importantly, serve as an45 （inspire） to youngsters andboost the countrys talent reserve in the fields of science and technology. 第三部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是校学生会主席李华。你校拟举办“汉字缘”（My Story of Chinese Hanzi）活动, 请你给留学生Chris写一封电子邮件, 邀请他参加。内容包括: 1. 发出邀请; 2. 告知相关事项
54、; 3. 期待参加。注意: 1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Chris, Regards, Li Hua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。As a young boy, I was carefree. Every vacation I looked forward to two things-seeingmy grandpa and hearing his wonderful stories. My grandpa was a very good storyteller. Heha
55、d worked various odd jobs when he was young and wove his adventures and misadventuresinto fantastic tales. These wonderful tales colored my childhood. As I grew up, I had to admit that Grandpas stories went on a little long, even a littleboring and gradually lost their magic. However, not wanting to
56、 upset him, my brother and Iwould sometimes take turns sitting in the living room, listening to grandpa tell his stories. When my grandpa was approaching 91, he suffered from serious memory-loss. It waskind of what doctors called dementia（痴呆）, probably the earliest stage of Alzheimersdisease. Follow
57、ing the doctors directions, we moved him into a Sunrise Assisted LivingCommunity, where he could get a better care. After that, grandpa hardly came to our house. One weekend before my grandpas birthday, I came to visit him. Seeing grandpa sittingin his armchair, dull-looking, I was consumed with mix
58、ed feelings. I wheeled grandpa to thesunshine in the courtyard, talking to him. He couldnt express himself clearly and spoke inshort bursts, but I listened to him patiently and carefully just as I used to be a little boy. It was then that I noticed a shadow box with some old and yellowish photos in
59、it. I pickedone up, in which my brother, several boys in our neighborhood, and I were playing basketballwith grandpa cheering us on twenty years before. My mind flashed back to those beautifulmemories. Back then, Grandpa was in good physical condition and we were all wearingbasketball jerseys, playi
60、ng and laughing with abandon. I presented the photo to my grandpa, pointing at each member and reminding him of their names. Incredibly, grandpa could speak outthe name of every player. I even caught a soft light in grandpas eyes and a smile on his lips. 注意: 1. 续写词数应为150左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A bright idea for grandpas birthday came to my mind. Seeing “the same players playing there, grandpa seemed to have thought ofsomething.
