1、定语从句难点考点总结（一）定语从句的基本概念正确选用关系词介词+关系代词 1.He who laughs last laughs best.谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。2.He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.想不犯错误，就一事无成。3.He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。4.God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。5.Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his
2、 mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人这是我的杯子这是装满水的杯子。这是我昨天买的杯子。总结:当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。This is my cup.This is the cup full of water.This is the cup which I bought yesterday.修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词引导定语从句的词叫关系词。名词/代词+定语从句（关系词其他成分）引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中的位置在定语从句中担当一个成分The man w
3、ho he is shaking handswith my father is a policeman.The girl whom I talked with her just now is my good friend.关 系 词关系代词that,which,who,whom,whose,as 关系副词When,where,why 关系词先行词所指关系词在句中作用关系代词人/物主、宾物主、宾人主、宾人宾人/物定关系副词时间时间状语地点地点状语原因原因状语thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhy 如何选择关系词？1.The man _came to our schoo
4、l is Mr.Wang.2.We shall never forget the days _we spent together.3.We shall never forget the days _we lived together.总结:Step 1 判定主从句部分Step 2 判定先行词Step 3看先行词在从句中充当何成分。who/that that/which/省略 when1.The number of people _come to visitthis city each year reaches one million.2.Where is the man _ I saw thi
5、s morning?3.The book _ you introduced to me this morning is very good.4.The season _ comes after spring is e to visit this city each year I saw this morningyou introducedto me this morningcomes after spring who/that who/whom which/that/略 which/that5.I visited a scientist_ name is known all over the
6、country.name is knownall over the country.whose6.I still remember the day_ I first came to this school.this school.I first came to when7.Shanghai is the city _ I was born.I was born.8.The reason_ he was punished is unknown to us.wherehe was punished whyfor which.(1)The school _ he once studied in is
7、 very famous.The school _ he once studied is very famous.(2)Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine _ you asked for.Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine _ you asked.(3)Well go to hear the famous singer _we have often talked about.Well go to hear the famous singer _ we have often talked.that/whichin w
8、hichthat/which for whichwhom/that/who about whom难点：介词+关系代词关系代词前介词(介词which)的确定1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系e.g.Is that the newspaper _which you often writearticles?2.根据从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配e.g.Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _which Im not sure.3.根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯e.g.1949 was the year _which the P.R.C.was fou
9、nded.foraboutinthe newspaper how to use these idiomsthe year1.This is the car _This is the car _which which I paid$100.I paid$100.2.This is the car _2.This is the car _whichwhich I spent$100.I spent$100.3.This is the car _3.This is the car _whichwhich the old man was the old man was knocked down.kno
10、cked down.4.This is the car _4.This is the car _whichwhich a boy threw a stone.a boy threw a stone.5.This is the car _5.This is the car _whichwhich the window was broken.the window was broken.6.This is the car _ 6.This is the car _ whichwhich I cant go to work.I cant go to work.foronwithoutbyatof选用正
11、确的介词：1.China has a lot of rivers,the second longest _ is the Yellow River.2.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.3.He loved his parent deeply,_whom are very kind to him.(父母俩都)4.In the basket there are quite many apples,_which have gone bad.5.There
12、are forty students in our class in all,_whom are from big cities.of whichof which介词+关系代词(which/whom)的情况（其中有些）(他们中的大部分)both ofsome ofmost of启示：1.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用_不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用_,不可用that.关系代词是所有格时用_。2.当先行词时表示时间，地点，原因的名词时，on/in/at/for which=_when/where/why whom which whoseTranslation(使用定语从
13、句)发生在5月12日的汶川大地震是21世纪中国最可怕的灾难之一。它不但给人们带来了巨大的损坏，而且破坏了很多建筑物，这使得成千上万的人无家可归，甚至失去生命。救援队伍挽救了成千上万的被困在或埋在废墟底下的人们。临时住所也建了起来，幸存者可以安全地住在里面。5月12日发生在汶川的大地震是20世纪中国最可怕的灾难之一。The earthquake which happened in Wenchuan on May 12 is one of the most terrible disasters in China in the 20th century.它不但给人们带来了巨大的损坏，而且破坏了很多建
14、筑物，这使得成千上万的人无家可归，甚至失去生命。It not only caused great damage to people but also destroyed many buildings,which made thousands of people homeless,or even dead.救援队伍挽救了成千上万的被困在或埋在废墟底下的人们。The rescue team saved those who were trapped or buried under the ruins.临时住所也建了起来，幸存者可以安全地住在这里。Shelters were set up,which
15、were safe for the survivors to live in.Read the passage again The earthquake which happened inWenchuan on May 12 is one of the most terrible disasters in China in the 20th century.It not only caused great damage to people but also destroyed many buildings,which made thousands of people homeless,or even dead.The rescue team saved those who were trapped or buried under the ruins.Shelters were set up,which were safe for the survivors to live in.Homework:Finish exercises on P352 and P353(金榜一号)Thank you!
