1、情景表达5原因与结果-2-373839404142434445464748由于天气恶劣,所有航班被取消。All the flights have been called off owing to/due to/because of thebad weather.Weather being bad,all the flights have been cancelled.The weather is really bad,for which all the flights have been called off.语境:由于雾霾严重,很多人生病了。(1)Many people fall ill o
2、wing to/due to/because of the heavy smog.(2)Smog being heavy,many people fall ill.(3)The smog is really heavy,for which many people fall ill.-3-373839404142434445464748积累:owing to/due to/because of 由于smog being heavy为独立主格结构做状语for which.为介词+关系代词引导的定语从句-4-373839404142434445464748由于没有公共汽车,我们只好步行回家。Ther
3、e was no bus,so we had to walk home.As there was no bus,we had no choice but to walk home.There being no bus,we had to walk home.There being no bus,what we had to do was to walk home.语境:由于父亲出差,我把母亲送往医院。(2013北京)(1)Father away on business,I sent my mother to hospital.(2)My father was away on business,
4、so I sent my mother to hospital.-5-373839404142434445464748积累:father away on business为独立主格结构做状语so引导结果状语从句-6-373839404142434445464748什么导致了火灾对警察来说是个谜。What caused the fire is a puzzle to the police.What resulted in the fire puzzles the police.What puzzles the police is what contributed to the fire.The
5、police are in a puzzle about the cause of the fire.The police are puzzled about what led to the fire.语境:什么时候会发生地震对我们来说还是一个谜。(1)When an earthquake will happen is a puzzle to us.(2)We are in a puzzle when an earthquake will happen.(3)We are puzzled about when an earthquake will occur.-7-37383940414243
6、4445464748积累:a puzzle to sb.对某人来说是个谜be in a puzzle 迷惑不解be puzzled about 对迷惑不解-8-373839404142434445464748据说,医疗的疏忽导致了她的死亡。Medical neglect was said to have contributed to her death.It was said that medical neglect had resulted in her death.Her death was said to have resulted from medical neglect.As was
7、 said,it was medical neglect that led to her death.It was said that medical neglect was to blame for her death.It was said that medical neglect accounted for her death.语境:据说,人类的活动导致了这种结果。(2013重庆)(1)Human activities are said to have contributed to this result.(2)It is said that human activities have
8、resulted in this result.(3)As is said,it is human activities that have led to this result.(4)It is said that human activities are to blame for this result.-9-373839404142434445464748积累:contribute to/result in/lead to 导致It is said that.据说As is said.据说be to blame for.应为受责备/负责-10-3738394041424344454647
9、48那个问题太难了,我无法解决。That problem is too difficult for me to solve.That problem is so difficult that I cant solve it.That problem is not easy enough for me to solve.That problem is beyond my ability.It is so difficult a problem that I cant solve it.It is such a difficult problem that I cant solve it.语境:竞
10、争太激烈,我无法想象。(1)The competition is too fierce for me to imagine.(2)The fierce competition is beyond my imagination.-11-373839404142434445464748积累:too.to.太而不能beyond my imagination 我无法想象-12-373839404142434445464748他学习刻苦。因此,他轻松地通过了考试。He worked hard at his study.As a result,he passed the exam easily.He ha
11、d been hard-working at his study.As a consequence,he passed the exam easily.As a result of his hard work at his study,he passed the exam easily.As a consequence of his hard work at his study,he passed the exam without any difficulty.His passing the exam with ease resulted from his hard work at his s
12、tudy.His hard work at his study resulted in/led to his passing the exam effortlessly.His passing the exam easily was due to his hard work at his study.-13-373839404142434445464748语境:我从小生活在北京,因此普通话讲得流利。(2015四川)(1)I have been living in Beijing since I was born.As aconsequence,I can speak Mandarin flue
13、ntly.(2)As a result of living in Beijing since I was born,I can speak Mandarin fluently.-14-373839404142434445464748积累:as a consequence 结果as a result of.由于-15-373839404142434445464748由于多种原因,很多野生动物都已经灭绝了。For many different reasons,many species of wildlife have already died out.For various reasons,a v
14、ariety/diversity of wild species has becomeextinct.Many of the wild species have disappeared on the earth for reasonsof all kinds.语境:由于多种原因,许多父母得不到很好的照顾。(1)For many different reasons,many parents are not taken goodcare of.(2)For various reasons,many parents are not well looked after.(3)Many parents
15、cant get good care for reasons of all kinds.-16-373839404142434445464748积累:take good care of/look after照顾;照料for different/various reasons 由于多种原因for reasons of all kinds 由于多种原因-17-373839404142434445464748再给她一点时间,她会处理好这个问题的。If she had been given more time,she would have settled theproblem.If given mor
16、e time,she would have solved the problem.Had she been given more time,she would have overcome thedifficulty.Given more time,she would have found the way out of difficulty.More time,and she would have found the way out of difficulty.语境:再给她一点时间,她会赶上公交车的。(1)Had she been given more time,she would have c
17、aught the bus.(2)Given more time,she would have caught the bus.(3)More time,and she would have caught the bus.-18-373839404142434445464748积累:had she been given more time 为虚拟语气的用法,此句将if省略given more time为过去分词短语做状语,表示条件more time and.为含蓄虚拟条件句的一种特殊表达-19-373839404142434445464748尽管资金缺乏,他的父母还是设法让他上大学。Though
18、 lacking money,his parents managed to send him to university.Despite their lack of money,his parents succeeded in sending him to university.While they were short of money,his parents were able to send him to university.Lacking in money,his parents sent him to college by trying allpossible means.-20-
19、373839404142434445464748语境:尽管缺乏经验,我还是设法做成了生日蛋糕。(1)Though lacking experience,I managed to make a birthday cake.(2)Despite my lack of experience,I succeeded in making a birthday cake.(3)Lacking in experience,I made a birthday cake by trying allpossible means.-21-373839404142434445464748积累:lack sth.缺乏某
20、物despite 尽管manage to do sth.设法做成某事succeed in doing sth.成功做某事try all possible means 用尽一切可能的办法-22-373839404142434445464748只有不断尝试你还没有掌握的东西,你才会进步。You can make progress only if you try to do something beyond what you have already mastered.Only if you try to do something that is beyond what you havecomman
21、ded can you make progress.Only by trying to do what you have not mastered can you advance/make advancement.Unless you try to do something beyond what you have already mastered,you wont make progress.-23-373839404142434445464748语境1:只有参加体育活动,我们才能强身健体。(2014江西)(1)Only if we have sports can we build up o
22、ur body.(2)Only by having sports can we build up our body.语境2:只有通过大量的练习,你才能掌握它。(1)Only if you practice a lot can you master it.(2)Only by a lot of practice can you master it.(3)You wont master it unless you practice a lot.-24-373839404142434445464748积累:“only if+从句”置于句首,后面的主句要用部分倒装形式“only+状语”置于句首,句子要
23、用部分倒装形式build up ones body 强健体魄-25-373839404142434445464748我们不得不忍受交通拥挤所带来的不便。We had to put up with the inconvenience of the heavy traffic.We had to bear/stand the inconvenience of the heavy traffic.With heavy traffic,we had to tolerate/endure the inconvenience.语境:我们不得不忍受雾霾带来的危害。(1)We had to put up wi
24、th the harm of the smog.(2)We had to bear/stand the harm of the smog.-26-373839404142434445464748积累:put up with 忍受bear/stand忍受;容忍-27-373839404142434445464748为了取得更大的进步,戴维采纳了我的建议。David adopted my advice with the purpose of making greater progress.David took my suggestion into account so as to make gre
25、ater progress.David accepted my advice,intending to make greater progress.In order to make greater progress,David seized my suggestion.-28-373839404142434445464748语境:为了取得更大的进步,我经常向老师请教。(1)I often turned to my teacher for help with the purpose ofmaking greater progress.(2)I often turned to my teacher for help,intending to make greater progress.(3)In order to make greater progress,I often asked my teacher for help.-29-373839404142434445464748积累:with the purpose of 目的是intend to 打算turn to sb.for help 向某人求助
