1、高考英语短文改错对策分析南安三中洪韶山1.谓语动词2.名词的常见错误：3.冠词错误：4.形容词和副词错误：5.代词错误：6.介词错误：7.连词错误：8.非谓语动词的常见错误：9.冗词的多用:本专题将从以下9方面介绍改错题的解题技巧：谓语动词误用一般现在时与一般过去时错用；and前后动词时态不一致；主谓不一致；缺少动词,特别是be动词；第三人称单数形式错用；主动语态和被动语态错用。1.With the coming of spring,grass and tree turn green,and flowers grew in many colours.2.When our six childre
2、n were young,suppertime is always being interrupted.一般现在时与一般过去时错用；growwasI finished doing my homework and then begin to make dinner with my mother.and前后动词时态不一致；began1.But then there is always more mysteries to look into.2.Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.3.Bill was standing at
3、the side of the car,talking to two men who was helping him to repair it.主谓不一致；arearewere1.They eager to know everything about China and 2.I from quanzhou,Fujian Province.3.They by bike to school.缺少动词,特别是be动词；areamgoHe like playing basketball.第三人称单数形式错用；likesGrowing up is not easy.Sometimes all that
4、is need is someone to rely on.The bike outside my house is belonged to Tom.主动语态和被动语态错用needed2.名词的常见错误：单复数名词错用；可数名词与不可数名词错用；名词与形容词：Health(healthy),wealth(wealthy),safety(safe)，luck(lucky),difficulty(difficult)，to noes surprise(surprised),of impotance(important)1.Could you give me some advices？2.Your
5、knowledges of Greece can help the whole class.3.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.4.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.5.They have all sorts of course.3.冠词错误：不可数名词误用a/an；复数名词一般不加the；an/a:an A/E/F/H/I/L/M/N/O/R/S/X in the word,an hour/honor/ho
6、nest child.an MP3 player,an NBA game,an MBAa used car,a university,a European country,a one-thousand-dollar check1.What a fun it is!2.What a good weather!3.They have made a great progress.4.I have never seen better one.5.You have to keep your things in the order.a4.形容词和副词错误：词性转化：realreally,especiale
7、specially,fortunatefortunately,luckyluckily,词义转化：howevertherefore,closeclosely,high-highlydeepdeeply，hard-hardly,latelatelylater词形转化：tooeither比较级：as-as(原级比较)；-than(比较级)good(better),bad(worse),little(less),many、much(more)more+adj/adv(多音节)much/even/still/far/rather可修饰比较级-ly的形容词：lively,lovely,likely,lo
8、nely,friendlyso与suchso good a book=such a good bookso many/much/few/little+n.(不用such)1.Unfortunate,there are too many people in my family.2.He is real a determined person.3.We wre deep moved by his words.4.They came back lately and had some tea.5.They threw all their equipment into the water to make
9、 the balloon light.6.The new person feels more better after he has played tennis.7.He made such many mistakes that he was scolded by his teacher.lightermuchso5.代词错误：1.代词的主格和宾格（I/me；he/him；she/her；we/us；they/them）错误；2.反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）使用错误；3.代词的单数和复数使用错误(it/th
10、em,one/ones)；4.多代词或少代词（it,one）5.不定代词：both/all,none/neither,something/anything/everything,someone/anyone/everyone,some/any1.I just smiled to me and thought,“what can I do?”2.Finally,the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves.3.I read your e-mail and showed them to my parents.4.I like t
11、he present you sent it to me 5.I could hardly see everything in the thick fog.6.They found difficult to follow what the teacher said.myselfittheiranythingmake,feel,think,believeit6.介词错误：词组中的介词误用；介词意思理解偏差；(with/without)介词的多用或少用:yesterday,today,tonight,tomorrow,以及last,this,next 修饰时间名词，前不加介词1.Because t
12、he help you gave me that summer,my life changed.2.When a young man starts to earn his own living,he can no longer expect others to pay his food.3.He came across a friend on yesterday.offor7.连词错误：状语从句：when(突然)/while(而)；if/unless；before/after定语从句：that/which,who/whose名词性从句：that/what,why/because/that并列句
13、：and/but/or1.Youll fail in chemistry again if you work harder.2.30 percent of girls would like to become teachers when only 5 percent of boys want to do this job.3.He likes telling lies,that makes it hard for us to trust him.4.Jack is my classmate,who bike got lost yesterday.5.That we need is more t
14、ime.unlesswhichwhilewhosewhat6.Lucy fell ill.Thats because she was absent.7.Lucy was absent.Thats why she fell ill.8.Lucy was absent.The reason is because she fell ill.9.She was smiling but nodding at me.10.He and she should make the class very active by joking with the students.11.If you work hard,
15、and you will get a better result.whyorthatbecauseand8.非谓语动词的常见错误：1.不定式、动名词作主语时；2.and连接的不定式或动名词前后不一致（尤其距离较远时）；3.介词后用动名词形式作宾语；4.某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式；5.副词性Ving/Ved区分（作状语）6.形容词性Ving/Ved区分（作定语、表语、补语）1.Get a good job is a dream of every student.2.They wanted one child or another to come out and played.3.How ab
16、out join us?4.I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person Gettingjoiningplaybecome5.He hurried to the station,hoped to catch the last train.6.The teacher was disappointing at my score.7.The old couple got their house repairing last month.hopingrepaireddisappointed9.冗词的多用:考点剖析
17、:(1)英语和汉语在某些方面的表达差异是常考点之一.(2)某些从句引导词的误用.(3)某些固定表达结构的误用.1.Last summer,I went to Beijing,my first time trip to the city.2.Two years later,he returned back home.3.It is about 200 miles far away from London.4.Though I love my life,but it hasnt been lots of fun as Ive been ill for 28 years.5.Because he w
18、as always late for work,so he was fired finally.二、口诀动词形，名词数；注意形和副；非谓动词细辨别；习惯用法要记住；句子成分多分析；逻辑错误须关注。三、短文改错参考原则1.改动以最少为原则；2.虚词以添加或删除为原则；3.实词以改变词形为原则；4.以保持句子原意为原则；5.核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方，可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例：即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个；6.核对改正的语法项目是否有重复，因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象；7.核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大小写和拼写等问题。THANK YOU!
