1、1.英语动词有三种语气，陈述语气，祈使语气和虚拟语气。2.定义：用来表示说的话不是事实，或者是不可能发生的情况，而是一种愿望，建议，假设的语气叫虚拟语气。虚拟语气的特点 1.虚拟语气用以表示假定，想象，愿望等非事实的观念。2.虚拟条件从句中的条件是假设的，因此主句的结论也只能是想象的，非事实的。3.这些特点决定了它必须使用不同于真实句的动词形式。虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式现在过去将来一般过去时过去完成时would/could/should/might+V.（原）would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.一般过去时
2、2.were to do3.should+V 原would/could/should/might+V原1.If I had H1N1,I would knowbecause I would feel sick and have a fever.2.If I were you,I would give AIDS patient a hug.3.If I had taken your advice,I wouldnt have made a mistake.4.If he had been there,it wouldnt have happened.（与现在事实相反）（与过去事实相反）5.If
3、it should rain tomorrow,they wouldnt go for an outing.6.I think we could do it,if we planned it properly and could borrow the tools.7.If we were to have three days off,we would enjoy a very happy life.(与将来事实相反)二：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wish宾语从句从句动作先于主句动作发生：从句动作与主句动作同时发生：将来不大可能实现的愿望：过去时（were）过去完成时would/could/migh
4、t+V should1.I wish I were a bird.2.I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.3.We wish our parents wouldnt punish us.从句动作先于主句动作发生从句动作与主句动作同时发生将来不大可能实现的愿望2.would rather(that)现在：过去：将来：I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone,too.Dont come.I would rather you cametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时3.as if/t
5、hough+Clause 虚拟从句动作与主句动作同时发生过去时过去完成时He looks as if he were drunk.She loves the baby as if it were her own son.It seems as if it were spring.I remembered the whole thing as if it had happened yesterday.从句动作先于主句动作发生注意：不接虚拟语气的用法，表示可能或真实的 情形。It looks as if I am going to be busy.It looks as though it isg
6、oing to rain.4.Its(about/high)time+(that)should+V.过去时你该走了。我们该去睡觉了。Its time that you went.Its time that you should go.Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.(should不可省略)5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。宾语从句。常见动词：一个坚持，两个命令，三个建议，四个要求。即:1.insist 2.order,command 3.advise,(sb.)suggest,propose4.de
7、mand,require,request,desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词 使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。1.我们建议Tom 去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我到场。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。4.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom(should)have a rest.He insisted that I(should)be present.The king ordered that the prisoners(should)be killed the next day.They requested t
8、hat we(should)send them to work there.以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一样。即：(should)V.order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIts suggested that the plan be carried out.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemi
9、cal factory should beclosed down.insist/suggest不接虚拟的用法（1）.She insisted that she was right.她坚持认为自己是对的。（坚持事实）His uncle insists that he should not stay in the hotel.他的叔叔坚持要求他不要待在旅馆里。（2）.The look on his face suggested that he was unhappy.I suggested that the teachers wages (should)be increased.6.without
10、和but for 构成虚拟.but for(要不是)Without sunlight,peoples life would be different from today.But for your help,I wouldnt have finished the work.Without your help,I would have failed.But for water,it would be impossible to live in the desert.7.If only 要是就好了If only I knew his name!If only we had followed you
11、r advice!If only I could see him again!要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!8.Its necessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形It is important that we(should)master a foreign language.It is strange that she
12、 refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，这种条件句叫做混合条件句。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。(“各归各”的原则）If the weather had been finer,the crops would be growing better.If you had followed the teachers advice,you wouldnt be in the hospital.过去现在
13、2.虚拟条件句倒装。条件从句中有should，were，had三个助动词可以把if省略，并将这三个词提至句首。If I were you,I would give it up.Were I you,I would give it up.If it were not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.Were it not for your advice,we couldnt have got over the difficulties.If I had had time,I would have run roun
14、d the lake again.Had I had time,I would have run round the lake again.If there should be a flood,what should we do?Should there be a flood,what should we do?Exercises for the Subjunctive moodSummary一：虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。二：虚拟语气特殊句型：1.wish 宾语从句2.would rather(that)3.as if/though+Clause 虚拟4.Its(about/high)t
15、ime+(that)5.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。6.without和but for 构成虚拟.but for(要不是)7.If only 要是就好了8.Its necessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形9.某些简单句的固定句型：三：虚拟语气假设条件句型注意点：1.混合条件句(“各归各”的原则）2.虚拟条件句倒装虚拟语气在条件状语 从句中的用法。条件从句 If 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式现在过去将来一般过去时过去完成时would/could/should/might+V.（原）would/could/should/might+have+p.p.1.一般过去时2.were to do3.should+V 原would/could/should/might+V原Thanks for your cooperation!
