1、定语从句复合句主句从句I think(that)you are right.We like our teacher because she is kind.主句从句主句从句有关系词或着连词引导的部分就是从句.总结:1.在复合句中,修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句The story that you read is The Rescue1.什么是定语从句?先行词关系词名词或者代词从句的位置：先行词之后定语从句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句限制性定语
2、从句非限制性定语从句1.和先行词关系密切和先行词关系不密切2.删掉会影响整个意义的表达删掉不影响整个意义的表达3.不用逗号要用逗号4.可用that 不可用that5.只可修饰先行词，不可可以修饰主句或主句的修饰主句或主句的一部分一部分This is the man who gave me his book.LiMing,who is in the room,wants to ask you some questions.My father does morning exercise every day,which is good for his health.关系词(引导词)关系代词关系副词t
3、hatwhichwhowhomwhoseaswhenwherewhy主语，宾语，定语，表语状语指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？指人指物主语宾语thatwhichwhowhom关系代词的用法关系代词在从句中可以：何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略引导定语从句的关系词1、关系代词（relative pronoun)2、关系副词（relative adverb)1)that指物，有时指人，在从句中作主语,宾语或表语。2）which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。3)who 与whom指人，在从句中分别作主语或宾语。4）whose(指人或指物)
4、作定语,表所属.5）as指人或指物,在从句中可作主语、宾语和表语。1)when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。2)where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。3)why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。relativesused forused aswhichthingsubject（主语）object（宾语）thatthingpersonwhopersonwhompersonobject（宾语）whoseperson/thingattribute（定语）(表示所属)Fill in the blanks with:who,whom,whose,which,thatA clock is a mach
5、ine _ tell people the time.that/whichA nurse is a person _ looks after sick people.who/thatHe is the man _ I met in the park yesterday.(whom/who/that)The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a football player.whosePractice I Look at the picture and combine each pair of sentences using that,which,wh
6、o,whom,whose The boy is holding a dog.He has golden hair.The boy is holding a dog.His hair is golden.The boy is Jim.The boy is holding a dog.The boy who has golden hair is holding a dog.The boy whose hair is golden is holding a dog.The boy who is holding a dog is Jim.1.找相同2.定关系词3.合并The man is shouti
7、ng for help.His house is on fire.The man is Mr Black.He is shouting for help.The man whose house is on fire is shouting for help.The man who is shouting for help is Mr Black.The girl is being taken to a hospital.Her leg broke in the earthquake.The girl whose leg broke in the earthquake is taken to a
8、 hospital.The girl whose leg broke in the earthquake is taken to a hospital.whose+n.whose 引导的定语从句。the+n.+of+which/whomof+which/whom+the+n.The girl the leg of whom broke in the earthquake is taken to a hospital.The girl of whom the leg broke in the earthquake is taken to a hospital.Look out!Dont get
9、too close to the house _ roof is under repair.A.whose B.which C.of which D.thatGeorge Orwell,_ was Eric Arthur,wrote many political novels and essays.A.the real name B.what his real name C.his real name D.whose real name Awhose roof=the roof of which=of which the roof D一,有下列情形之一者，宜用that1.all,everyth
10、ing,anything,nothing,few,little,much,any,the one 等不定代词作先行词。2.先行词前有all,no,every,some,any,little,much,few 等修饰时。eg.All the books _have been selected are useful.that3.先行词前有the only,the very,the last等修饰时。eg.This is not the only apple_ has rotten away.that4.先行词被序数词和形容词最高级修饰时。All _ can be done has been don
11、e.that1.Thats the most expensive hotel _ weve ever stayed in.2.The first thing _should be done is to get the tickets.that that 5先行词是表示人和物混杂的两个名词时。they spoke highly of the children and their performances _ they saw at the Childrens Palace.that 6.关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。Our village is no longer the place_ it u
12、sed to be.that7.主句是 以 who,which 开头的特殊疑问句。eg.Which is the room _ Mr.Wang lives in?that二,有下列情形之一者，宜用which,而不用that1.在非限定性定语从句中的用法Carol said the work should be done by October,_ personally,I doubt very much.A.it B.that C.when D.whichD【解题技巧】：非限定性定语从句主要是对前面的内容进行补充说明，而关系代词which可以引导非限定性定语从句，在从句中作主语或宾语，可以代替
13、上句的意思。注意：that不可以引导非限定性定语从句。介词+关系代词（指人用whom,指物用which.)的用法：D2.关系代词前有介词不能省略In the dark street,there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom注意;隐含的词组 turn to sb.for help语法与语境相结合注意:【解题技巧】：介词后常接宾语，自然用（关系）代词。先行词指物用“介词+which”,指人则用介词+whom且两个关系代词均不可省略。1.My glasses,_ I w
14、as like a blind man,fell to the ground and broke.A.which B.with which B.C.without D without whichC.2.The gentleman_ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(2000上海）D.Who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom注意:1.隐含的动词跟介词的搭配.2.The gentleman_ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(2000上海）Who B.about
15、 whom C.whom D.with whomtell sb.about sth.2.可运动的”介词”,注意它的关系代词的使用.This is a pen with _ I write.whichThis is a pen _I write with.that/which/3.不可运动的”介词”look for,look after，look forward to,see to 等等This is the book which/that/I look for.The doctor_ is leaving for Africa next month.A.the nurse is talking
16、 to him B.whom the nurse is talking C.the nurse is talking toD.who the nurse is talking C综合题目3.当先行词本身就是that时,宜用which.That _ you told him about is what we want to know.which三,在下列情况中,只用who引导.1.all指作先行词,且表示人时,用who All _ have studied this question have come to the same conclusion.who注意:如果all 表示是物的时,就用th
17、at All that can be done has been done.2.先行词是those,且指人时.Those _ want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.who3.在there be 结构中,先行词是人.There is a young lady _ asks for you.who4.当先行词是指人的不定代词,如:one,anyone,no one,anybody.The student you should learn from is the one _ works hard an
18、d studies well.who高考题例：These houses are sold at such a low price_people expected.（2000高考题）A.like B.as C.that D.whichB四as 的用法：【解题技巧】：as作为关系代词用时，引导限定性定语从句通常用于“the sameas”和“suchas”句型中。在从句中作成分Such as .Such.that.She had such a fright that she ran away.引导定语从句;意为像.一样;正如These houses are sold at such a low p
19、rice as people expected引导结果状语从句;意为.以至完整的句子.the same.as the same.that.This is the same watch as I lost.This is the same watch that I lost这个手表跟我丢的有点像.这就是我丢的手表.强调相似性强调同一性1、as引导非限定性定语从句时可以放在句首,代替下面的从句,而which不能。2、as引导的定语从句有“正如”之意,（从句谓语动词常用：see,know,expect,discover,mention等搭配）而which引导的 定语从句没有此意。as与which引导
20、非限定性定语从句的用法和区别1._ is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month.(2001高考题）A.It B.As C.That D.WhatB.比较:_ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.C.It3.as 与which 的意义区别as 有”正如,就像”之意,表示符合人们的认识,事情发展的特征等,即从句与主句的语意往往一致.如果主句与从句的语意不一致时,用which.They
21、 remarried,_ we had expected.They remarried,_ we hadnt expected.aswhich 他们复婚了,正如我们所期待的.他们复婚了,那是我们所意料不到的.Choose the best answers:解题规律:1,分清主从复句部分2.找先行词3.看在从句中作何成分4.确定关系词1.This is all_I know about the matter.A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_you want?A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The
22、 last place _we visited was the Great Wall.A.which B.that C.where D.itChoose the best answers:4.Women _ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those _ dont.A.who;/B./;who C.who;who D./;/5.The famous basketball star,_ tried to make a come-back,attr
23、acted a lot of attention.A.where B.when C.which D.Who6.In an hour,we can travel to places _ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.A.where B.when C.which D.what CDC7.Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago?A.where B.when C.that D.what8.Her sister has become a lawye
24、r,_ she wanted to be.A.who B.that C.what D.which9.She was educated at Beijing University,_she went on to have her advanced study abroad.A.after which B.from which C.after that D.from that CDA10.Please take the second chair_is over there.A.where B.which C.who D.that11.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps f
25、ire burn?A.that B./C.which D.it 12.Finally,the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98)A.which B.what C.whatever D.that 13.All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _ in the forest.A.once the grew B.they grew once C.that once grew D.once grew.14.I dont like _
26、you speak to her.A.the way B.the way in that C.the way which D.the way of which15.The weather turned out to be very good,_ was more than we expected.A.what B.which C.that D.it16.He paid the boy$10 for washing ten windows;most of _ hadnt been cleaned for ten years.A.these B.those C.that D.which 填空：1.
27、Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2.He is a teacher _ I like very much.3.Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4.Those _will go to the park stay here.5.That was all the money _I had.whose whom/thatwhich/that whothat五.Way 做先行词，其后的关系词可用I dont like_you speak to her.(93SH)A.the way B.the way in th
28、at C.the way which D.the way of whichPlace 做先行词且在定语丛句中作状语，只能用where 引导，不能换成介词加whichDo you know the place whereJohn.F.Kennedy was shot?Ain which/that/不填d关系副词：when,where,whywhen指时间作时间状语where指地点作地点状语why指原因作原因状语d介词+关系代词（宾格）：指物：in which,on which,of which,from which指人：to whom,with whom,from whom【解题技巧】：选择关系
29、代词与关系副词的关键取决于关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语时，只能用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中作状语（时间、地点、原因）则用副词。考点之五例题 I can still remember the sitting-room_ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.A.what B.which C.that D.whereD关系副词的用法注意:它在从句中充当状语成分,一般来说,这个句子的主谓宾都是完整的.关系副词(where,when,why)介词+which I will never forget the day.I first went t
30、o school on the day.I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.I will never forget the day _ I first went to school.whenon whichLast week we visited the factory.My brother works there.Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works.Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works in
31、.Last week we visited the factory _ my brother works.where(which/that/)in whichThe reason was not clear.He didnt come for the reason.The reason _ he didnt come was not clear.The reason _ he didnt come was not clear.whyfor which比较:The reason _ you gave me is unacceptable.(that/which)I will remember t
32、he day _ I stayed with him.I will remember the day _ I spent with him.when/on whichI will remember the day.I stay with him on the day.时间状语I will remember the day.I spent the day with him.宾语 which/that/比较题目,弄清关系代词This is a school _ my father worked.This is a school _ my father visited.where/in whichw
33、hich/that/总结:1).学会判断定语从句.关键:是否修饰名词2).定语从句的两大类别3).明白它的三大要素.关于定语从句的难点,和出错点.1.定语从句的从句部分出现代替的内容.This is the book that I like it best.2.插入语成分.The beggar who I think is poor is in fact rich.从句部分3.分隔定语从句由于句子内容或结构的需要,中间插入了其他成分将定语从句与先行词隔开.The days are gone forever when the Chinese people used“foreign oil”.Th
34、e days when the Chinese people used“foreign oil”are gone forever.头重脚轻的问题.4.定语从句中的主谓一致问题.1.She is one of the girls who _ praised at the meeting.2.She is the only one of the girls who _ praised at the meeting.(be)areis5.在先行词缺少的情况下,要用the one 来补充它的先行词,然后确定它的关系词This is the factory _ I worked last year.Th
35、is factory is _ I worked last year.This factory is _ I visited last year.where/in which the one where the one that/6.与其他从句和句式的区别与where 和 when 引导的 状语从句的区别.区别的关键就是:是否有先行词.This is the school where I studied many years ago.There were a lot of sheep where I lived.I will never forget the day when I first
36、went to school.We were about to start when it began to rain.in whichon which连词;在那里连词;就在那个/就这个时候Bamboo grows well _ it is warm and wet all the year.A.in which B.in the place which C.the place where D.whereDin3._ is mentioned above,the number of the students in senior school is increasing._ is mention
37、ed above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.A.Which B.As C.That D.ItB.4.David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like him.C.David is such a good boy _ all the teachers like.D.A.that B.who C.as D.whomBDAC形式的主语完整的句子作like 的宾语5.He had thousands of students,many of _ gained
38、 great success in their own field.He had thousands of students,and many of _ gained great success in their own field.A.whom B.them C.which D.whoAB用了关系词相当等于用了连词Choose the best answers1.Finally the thief handed everything_ he had stolen to the policeA.which B.that C what D.whateverB.2.I ve read all th
39、e books_ our teacher required us to read.C.A.which B.that C.what D.theyD.3.This is the very building_ Ive been looking for the whole morningE.which B.that C.where D.in whichBBB1.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her in the play,_ of course,made the others unhappy(2000高考)A who B.which C.this D.wh
40、at2.（2000高考）It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,_for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.A.that B.while C.which D.whenB.3.Mr.Green is an Australian,_ I know from his accent.C.A.who B.whom C.which D.thatBDC1.I shall never forget the day_ we worked together and
41、 the day_we spent together.A when;which B.which;which C.when;when D.which;when2.This is the house _we visited last year and that is the room _we lived.A.where;where B.where;that C.which;where D.which;which3.After living in Paris for fifty years he returned to the small town_he grew up as a child.(高考题）A.which B.where C.that D.whenACBExercises:
