1、(1(1)重庆大学版重庆大学版重庆大学版高一高一高一(2)(2)(2)Unit 3Unit 3Unit 3active voicepassive voiceStudying the rule:Look at the picture and pay attention to what they say.In this picture,the little boy is trying to avoid mentioning the doer of the actionby using the passive voice.But the old lady uses the active voice
2、to point outthat he did it.Tips We may sometimes express the same idea in different ways.被动语态(The Passive Voice)主动句变被动句的方式：主动句：主语+及物动词谓语+宾语被动句：主语+be+过去分词+by宾语e.g.The teacher loves her students.Her students are loved by the teacher.Finding the rulePeople all over the world know the Great Wall.The Gre
3、at Wall is known by peopleall over the world.一般现在时被动语态的结构is/are+过去分词He sends newspapers every day.Newspapers are sent by him every day.English _ _ by lots of people in the world.世界上的许多人都说英语。is spokenThe classroom _ _ by the students every day.学生们每天都打扫教室。is cleanedThe policemen caughtthe thief last n
4、ight.The thief was caughtlast night.一般过去时被动语态的结构was/were+过去分词The cup _ _ by the boy.杯子被那个男孩打碎了。was brokenMy bike _ _.我的自行车被偷了。was stolenThe dog The dog had bitten offhad bitten offhis fingers.his fingers.His fingers His fingers had been bitten offhad been bitten offby the dog.by the dog.过去完成时被动语态的结构
5、had been+过去分词They said they _ _ _ to the party.他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。had been invitedShe found the house _ _ _ by the storm.她发现房子已被暴风雨摧毁。had been destroyedThe man is repairingthe fridge at the moment.The fridge is beingrepaired by the manat the moment.现在进行时被动语态的结构is/are being+过去分词The baby _ _ _ _ by its fat
6、her.婴儿正在由父亲照顾。is being looked afterThe house _ _ _ by the worker.房子正在被建造。is being builtYou must finishyour homework first.Your homeworkmust be finishedfirst.带有情态动词被动语态的结构情态动词+be+过去分词The letter _ _ _ delivered now.信件必须现在投递。has to beThe chair _ _ _ at the moment.现在椅子必须被修好。must be repairedSummary1)The
7、subject of the passive voice is the _ of the active voice.object2)The general structure of the passive voice is:subject+_ +_.be done3)All the verbs in the examples are _ verbs.transitiveBut not allBut not alltransitive verbstransitive verbscan be used can be used in the passivein the passivevoicevoi
8、ceVerbs/phrasesExamples intransitive verbshappen leave lie reach rise succeed link verbsfeel look seem smell sound taste transitive verbsenter have lack lose(heart)own suit verbal phrasesbelong to break out consist of take place 没有被动语态没有被动语态没有被动语态没有被动语态Notes1)We speak Chinese.2)Chinese _ by us.2)The
9、 movie surprised them.They _ by the movie.3)The little boy broke the window.The window _ by the little boy.Fill in the blanks following the above example.is spokenwere surprisedwas broken4)The farmers are watering the vegetables.The vegetables _.are being watered by the5)We can grow it anywhere.It _
10、 anywhere.can be grownfarmers6)You should invite Sam to your birthday party.Sam _ to your birthday party.should be invited7)They treated him very well.He _.was treated very well8)They are destroying the forests in Indonesia.The forests _.9)They didnt punish him for what he had done.He _.are being de
11、stroyed inwasnt punished for what heIndonesiahad done10)That living word awakened my soul._.11)Steven Spielberg directed the movie._ _.My soul was awakened by that living wordThe movie was directed by Steven Spielberg12)Susan was cleaning the kitchen and the bedroom._The kitchen and the bedroom was
12、being cleaned by Susan.1)The lights were gone out one after another.went out2)Such things will be never happened again.never happenAre there any mistakes in the following sentences?If there are,try to correct them.3)The food is tasted delicious.tastes4)That piece of pop music is sounded beautiful.so
13、unds5)The room was entered and his book was got.He entered the room and got his book.6)Her hand was had injured.7)Fire was broke out in the capital building.8)The sun had already been risen when he got up.had been injuredbroke outrisen9)After the earthquake,few houses were remained.10)This house is
14、owned by Mr.Smith.去掉were正确1.This book _ under the bench for two days.A.has put B.has been lying C.has been put D.has been laid2.What should _ must _.A.do;do B.be done;be done C.to be done;do D.do;be done巩固练习CB3.John _,for he went swimming yesterday without permission.A.would punish B.had punished C.
15、was punished D.punished4.If rubber _,it gives off a terrible smell.A.burnt B.will burn C.have been burned D.is burnedCD高考链接1.A new cinema _ here.They hope to finish it next month.A.will be built B.is built C.has been built D.is being builtD解析；由they hope to finish it next month,可以知道“建造”工作正在进行，而且主语cinema与动词build之间是被动关系，因此使用现在进行时的被动语态。2.Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are being cut C.are cut D.had been cutB解析：从句子的语境they will disappear from the earth in the near future 可以知道“热带雨林被砍伐”正在进行，因此使用现在进行时的被动语态。
