1、 高中英语外研版 祝茵茵学子学习愉快，学业有成。被 动 语 态 详 解高中英语必修5 Module4 Grammar(一)语 态 分 类英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：They will build a new bridge over the river.(主动)A new bridge will be built over the river.(被动)汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”“挨”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助助动动词词be be+及及物物动动词词的过去分词的过去分词构成。(二)被动语态的时态、人称和
2、数的变化主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以do 为例，列表如下：一般现在时：am/is/are+done 一般过去时：was/were+done 一般将来时：shall/will+done 一般过去将来时：should/would+done 现在进行时：am/is/are+being+done过去进行时：was/were+being+done 现在完成时：have/has+been+done过去完成时：had+been+done 将来完成时：shall/will+have been+done过去将来完成时：should/would+have been+done注被
3、动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。注被动语态没有将来进行时和过去将来进行时。(三三)被动语态常用的八种时态被动语态常用的八种时态1.一般现在时：People grow rice in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.Rice is grown in the south of the country.2.一般过去时：The students didnt forget his lessons easily.His lessons were not easily forgotten.His le
4、ssons were not easily forgotten.3.一般将来时：They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers.Plenty of jobs will be given to school-leaversPlenty of jobs will be given to school-leavers4.过去将来时：The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year.The manager said the project would be co
5、mpleted by the The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year.end of the year.5.现在进行时：We are painting the rooms.The rooms are being painted.The rooms are being painted.6.过去进行时：This time last year we were planting trees here.Trees were being planted here this time last year.Tr
6、ees were being planted here this time last year.7.现在完成时：We have brought down the price.The price has been brought down.The price has been brought down.8.过去完成时：When I got to the theatre,I found they they had already sold had already sold outout the tickets.the tickets.When I got to the theatre,I foun
7、d When I got to the theatre,I found the tickets the tickets had already had already been sold out.been sold out.9.含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。You must hand in your compositions after class.Your compositions Your compositions must be handed inmust be handed in after class.after cla
8、ss.(四)被 动 语 态 的 使用（1）当我们不知道动作的执行者时Printing was introduced into Europe from China.（2）当我们不必指出动作执行者时Such things are not allowed again.（3）当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者时She is liked by everybody.（4）动作的执行者有较长的修饰语时The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.(五五)语态转换时所注意的问题语态转换时所注意的问题第
9、一，有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well,badly,easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write,read,clean,sell,wash,cook 等。如：The cloth washes easily.这布很好洗。The new product sells well.这新产品很畅销。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写字很流畅。对比：The books sell well.(主动句)The books were sold out.(被动句)The meat didnt cook well
10、.(主动句)The meat was cooked for a long time over low heat.(被动句)第二，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look,seem,taste,sound,remain等。Do you like the material?Yes,it feels very soft.误：It is felt very soft.The food tastes delicious.误：The food is tasted delicious.The pop music sounds beautiful.误：The pop music is so
11、unded beautiful.第三，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place,break out,belong to,lose heart,consist of,add up to等。如：The fire broke out in the capital building.误：The fire was broke out in the capital building.第四，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise,happen,succeed,remain,lie等。When we got to the top of the mountain,the sun had alrea
12、dy risen.误：The sun had already been risen.After the earthquake,few houses remained.误：After the earthquake,few houses were remained.在英语语言中，被动语态是极常见的语言现象，人在英语语言中，被动语态是极常见的语言现象，人们进行语言交际，离不开对被动语态的使用，熟练掌握被们进行语言交际，离不开对被动语态的使用，熟练掌握被动语态也为下一步学习打下良好的基础，在动词动语态也为下一步学习打下良好的基础，在动词-inging 形形式，不定式等结构中，都有被动式，都需要运用被动
13、语态式，不定式等结构中，都有被动式，都需要运用被动语态的知识去理解。的知识去理解。高考链接1（全国卷）The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune .A.is made B.would make C.was to be made D.had made2（全国卷）Linda,make sure the tablesbefore the guests arrive.A.be set B.set C.are set D.are setting 3（重庆卷）The palace caught fir
14、es three times in the last century,and little of the original buildingnow.A.remains B.is remained C.is remaining D.has been remained4.(2012安徽卷）After school we went to the reading-room to do some reading,only to be told that it.A.was decorated B.had decorated C.had been decorating D.was being decorat
15、ed5.(2012北京卷)Have you heard about that fire in the market?Yes,fortunately no one _.A.hurt B.was hurt C.has hurt D.had been hurt7.(2012重庆卷)Food supplies in the flood-stricken area_.We must act immediately before theres left.A.have run out B.are running outC.have been run out D.are being run out6.(2012北京卷)Our friendship _ quickly over the weeks that followed.A.was developed B.was developingC.would develop D.developedLife is full of beauty and expectations though hardships and the unknown may lie somewhere in front of you.See you!
