1、2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修三Module 1知识详解 1 face v面向；面对；面临；应付 n脸；相貌；表情；表面；正面(回归课本P1)France is Europes third largest country and faces the United Kingdom across the English Channel.法国是欧洲的第三大国，隔英吉利海峡与英国相望。归纳总结例句探源The building faces the big river. 这座建筑面向大河。He couldnt face driving all the way to Los Ange
2、les. 他可受不了一直开车到洛杉矶。Faced with robbers，she kept calm. 面对强盗，她保持着镇静。If Tom doesnt keep his promise，hell lose face. 如果汤姆不信守诺言，他就会丢面子。即境活用1._with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time.AFaced BFace CFacing DTo face解析：选A。be faced with sth.意为“面临着”，作状语时，要用faced with sth.。facing作状语时，表示面对着或面向，
3、不与介词with连用。to face作目的状语时，表示做某事的目的。2_the global financial crisis，the Chinese government has taken many measures_peoples life to deal with it.AFacing with；related BFaced；relating toCFaced with；relating DFacing；related to解析：选D。句意是：中国政府面临全球性金融危机，已采取了许多与民生有关的措施来应对。表示“面对”时，用faced with和facing皆可；第二个空只能用rela
4、ted to表示“与有关的”。2 situated adj.坐落(某处)的；位于(某处)的；(人)处于境遇/地位的(回归课本P2)Paris is the capital and largest city of France，situated on the River Seine.巴黎是法国的首都，也是法国最大的城市，坐落在塞纳河畔。归纳总结(1)be badly/well situated境况困难/良好,(2)be situated on/in/at.位于的；坐落在的；处于地位/境遇/状态的,situate vt.使坐落/建于某处,situation n.立场；局势；地理位置；形势,in a
5、.situation在形势下；处于状况中例句探源Microsoft is well situated to exploit this new market.微软具备良好的条件开拓这个新市场。His parents died in an accident and left him an orphan.He was badly situated at the moment.他的父母死于一场意外事故，他成了孤儿，目前处境艰难。That is a small town situated just(to the)south of Cleveland.那是一个地处克利夫兰以南的小城。The company
6、 wants to situate its headquarters in the north.那个公司想把总部设在北方。(朗文P1919)What would you do if you were in my situation?假如你处于我的情况，你会怎么办？易混辨析situate，locate，lie，stand(1)situate动词形式比较少用，一般用过去分词作形容词。此时相当于be located，表示“位于某处”。同时也可用于描述人或事物，意为“处于境况的”，be located 无此义。(2)locate表示“确定某物位置”，可以用被动形式或主动形式。(3)lie指有一定面积的
7、某物“延伸在(到)”；另外，也可以意为“躺”。(4)stand指有一定高度的建筑等“矗立，站立”在某处。四个词后面的介词用in表示在某范围内；to表示在某范围外；on表示相邻或在上面；off表示离开一段距离在不远的地方。The big city is situated on the coast of Huanghai Sea.The small village，located/situated at the foot of the mountain，has become a holiday resort.Hainan Province，lies/is_located/is_situated i
8、n the south of China.There stands a tall tower on the top of the mountain.即境活用3Having six children and no income，the widow was badly_.AsituatingBlocatedCsituated Dlocating解析：选C。句意有“有六个孩子，又没有收入，这个寡妇处境困难。”3 opposite adj.相对的，对面的；对立的，相反的；对等的，对应的 n相反的事物，对立的人(或物)；反面 prep. 在对面(回归课本P4)归纳总结例句探源Black and whit
9、e are opposites.黑和白正好相反。The library is on the opposite side of the road from the school.图书馆在学校马路对面。(郎文P1376)Marthas not shy at alljust the opposite in fact.玛莎一点都不腼腆，事实上正好相反。(朗文P1376)The people sitting opposite us looked very familiar.坐在我们对面的人看上去很面熟。易混辨析opposite，contrary(1)opposite指“位置、方向、地位、性质、意义等对立
10、的、相反的”。(2)contrary指“两物朝相反的方向发展”，含有“互相冲突，不一致”的意思。on the contrary“相反”。“True” and “false” have opposite meanings.Your plan is contrary to mine.即境活用4There is a fine little cafe_this house.Cross the street and youll be there.Aon the contrary ofBopposite toCin front of Dopposite from解析：选B。从后一句话的意思分析，咖啡馆在街
11、对面，故选用B项。5.The school_the hospital.Aopposite Bopposite toCis opposite to Dis the opposite解析：选C。句意“学校在医院对面”。4 sign v签署；签名；示意，打手势 n. 符号；标记；手势；征兆(回归课本P7)France and Germany arent going to sign the agreement.法国和德国将不会签订协议。归纳总结例句探源You forgot to sign the check.你忘了在支票上签字。He signed to me to be quiet.他向我打手势，让我
12、安静。For safety reasons，please sign in when you arrive at the building，and sign out when you leave.基于安全考虑，请在抵达大楼时签到，离去时签退。A red sky at sunset is a sign of good weather.日落时的晚霞是好天气的征兆。易混辨析symbol，sign，signal，mark均含“标志，象征，符号”之意。(1)symbol指作象征或表达某种深邃意蕴的特殊事物。(2)sign普通用词，指人们公认的事物的记号，也可指某种情况的征兆。(3)signal指为某一目的
13、而有意发出的信号。(4)mark普通用词，含义广泛。既可指为便于辨认而有意做的标记，又可指自然形成的标记或有别于其他事物的特征。All I get is a busy signal whenever I dial his number.The sign by the road says“No Parking”Youd better make a mark where you have a question.A dove is the symbol of peace.即境活用6I was driving around the corner when a policeman _to me to s
14、top.AshowedBexpressedCsigned Dwarned解析：选C。sign to sb. to do sth.招手示意某人做某事。语境为“警察打手势让我停车。”5 in terms of 据；依照；就而言(回归课本P9)In terms of size and population，how big is the European Union compared with China?在面积与人口方面，欧盟与中国相比有多大？归纳总结例句探源In terms of customer satisfaction，the policy cannot be criticized.说到顾客的
15、满意情况，这个政策无可挑剔。In their terms，cutting government spending is the most important thing.根据他们的观点，削减政府开支是最重要的事情。What they have done is good for the environment in the long term.从长远来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。即境活用7(高考江苏卷)This special school accepts all disabled students，_educational level and background.Aaccording
16、toBregardless ofCin addition to Din terms of解析：选B。考查介词短语。句意：这所特殊的学校招收所有的残疾学生，不管他们的教育水平或背景。regardless of“不管，不顾”，符合题意。8._achievement，last weeks ministerial meeting of the WTO had earned a low，though not failing，grade.AIn terms of BIn case ofBAs a result of DIn face of解析：选A。句意是：就成就而言，上周的WTO部长级会议虽然没有失败，
17、但是收效甚微。在题中，in terms of意为“就而言”；in case of万一；as a result of作为的结果；in face of面对。6 on the other hand另一方面；反过来说(回归课本P9)In France，on the other hand，the head of state is a president.而另一方面，在法国，政府的首脑是总统。归纳总结on the one hand.，on the other hand.一方面，另一方面,at hand接近的，不远的,by hand用手工,In hand在处理之中,hand in hand手牵手，携手,Ha
18、nds up！举起手来！例句探源He is an able man，but on the other hand he demands too much of people.他是一个能干的人，但是另一方面，他对人要求太多了。On the one hand，some host families are losing their unique selling point. On the other hand，students expectations have risen.一方面，有些寄宿家庭正逐渐失去他们唯一的卖点另一方面，学生的期望也增加了。即境活用9I would like a job whi
19、ch pays more， but_，I enjoy the work Im doing at the moment.Ain other words Bon the other handCfor one thing Das a matter of fact解析：选B。on the other hand常被用来比较两个不同的事情或观点，常与on the one hand连用；for one thing常与and for another连用表示“一来二来”，常用来列举理由；in other words表示“换句话说”；as a matter of fact表示“事实上”。根据句意“我想得到一份薪水
20、更高的工作，但从另一方面来说，我非常喜欢我现在的工作。”可知应选B。10.Father and mother wanted to go for a ride，but_，the children wanted to stay at home and play with their friends.Aon the other handBon another handCin other ways Das a result解析：选A。A表示“另一方面”；B无这种搭配；C表示“用其他办法”；D表示“结果”。本句意为“父母想开车出去，而另一方面，孩子们却想呆在家里和朋友们玩。”所以选A。句型梳理1【教材原
21、句】Italy is in the south of Europe on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea.(P1)意大利在欧洲的南端，位于地中海沿岸。【句法分析】表示“某物在哪个方向”可用south/west/north/east等，构成如下几种表达方式。(1).is in the south of在的南部(在内部).is on the south of在南边(接壤).is to the south of在以南(在外部，不接壤).is south of在南部(不指明在内部还是在外部)(2)把表示方位、地点的介词或副词短语放到句首，句子用倒装语序。Guang
22、dong is in the south of China.广东在中国的南部。Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong.江苏在山东南面。Mexico is(on the)south of the US.墨西哥位于美国的南面。East of our school lies a railway.我们学校东面有一条铁路。即境活用11_of the Pacific Ocean_Canada.AThe east；liesBEast；liesCTo the east；does lie DOn the east；does lie解析：选B。当方位词位于句首时，要使用倒装，且方位
23、词前不使用冠词。12.In the dark forests_，some large enough to hold several English towns.Astand many lakes Blie many lakesCmany lakes lie Dmany lakes stand解析：选B。地点状语位于句首时，句子用完全倒装，stand一般表示高大的东西，而此处说的是lakes，故用lie。2【教材原句】Twenty percent of the country is covered by islands.(P1)这个国家的百分之二十被岛屿所覆盖。【句法分析】本句的主语是百分数Tw
24、enty percent，谓语动词是is covered。分数或百分数作主语时，谓语的单复数要与分数或百分数所指代的名词保持一致。在这一句话中，is covered与the country一致，故用单数。Twofifths of the land in that district is covered with trees and grass.那个地区有五分之二的面积被草木覆盖。More than thirty percent of the students are from Africa.多于百分之三十的学生是非洲人。即境活用13We have fifty workshops in our
25、factory，but only one fifth_able to be used and the rest_empty.Ais；stands Bare；standCwas；stood Dwere；stood解析：选B。考查主谓一致和时态。带有分数、百分数的名词短语或相当于分数、百分数的some(of.)，most(of.)，the rest (of.)等作主语时，根据of后名词的单复数来确定谓语的单复数，若将of短语省略，要根据前边出现过的它们所指代的名词的单复数确定谓语的单复数，此题中前边的名词workshops为复数名词，谓语应该用复数；根据第一分句的时态判断出第二分句也应该采用一般现在时。14.The company had about 20 notebook computers but only onethird_used regularly.Now we have 60 working all day long.Ais BareCwas Dwere解析：选D。此处onethird指的是computers，故为复数；从和now对比中可知，这说的是过去的事了。高考资源网w w 高 考 资源 网
