1、Module 6 War and Peace虚拟语气(2)虚拟语气表示说话人所说的不是事实,而是想象,假设,建议,打算,意见,间接命令,愿望,怀疑,推测,惊异等。虚拟语气在条件从句及主句中的使用：1)If the hurricane had happened during the day time,there would have beenmore deaths.如果飓风发生在白天，那么死亡的人数会更多。2)If everyone in the country knew first aid,many lives would be saved.如果这个国家的每个人都懂得急救,那么许多生命就可以得
2、到挽救。3)If I saw him tomorrow,I should tell him.如果我明天看到他,我会告诉他的。条件状语从句中虚拟语气的构成1)与过去事实相反：从句 had done,主句would/should/could/might/+have donee.g.如果有人提醒他,他就不会吃那些食物了。If he had been warned,he would not have taken that food.2)与现在事实相反：从句did/were,主句would/should/could/might+doe.g.如果我是你,我就拒绝做这件事。If I were you,I w
3、ould refuse to do it.从句a.didb.should+do,c.were to+do主句would/should/could/might+do3)与将来事实相反：e.g.如果我去做这件事,我将会用一种不同的方法If I did it,I would do it in a different way.If I should do it,I would do it in a different way.If I were to do it,I would do it in a different way.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法在动词:suggest,order,demand
4、,propose,request,command,insist等后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气(即should+do或者只用动词原形do),来表示愿望,建议,命令,请求等。e.g.The doctor insisted that the patient(should)be X-rayed.医生坚决主张病人做X光。I suggest that we(should)set off at once.我建议我们应该立即出发。wish+宾语从句(虚拟语气),表示不可能实现的愿望1)与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成式：had done2)与现在事实相反,从句用过去式：did/were3)与将来事实相反,从句用s
5、hould/would/could/might+doe.g.我真希望我从来没遇到过他。I wish I had never met him.我真希望像你一样强壮。I wish I were as strong as you.但愿你这次获得成功。I wish you would succeed this time.as if 引导的方式状语从句常用虚拟语气1)当从句里的时间先于主句的时间时,从句用过去完成时 had done.e.g.He talks as if he had been to the moon.他高谈阔论就好像去过月球一样。2)当从句里的时间与主句的时间是同一时间时,从句用过去式
6、did/were.e.g.He talked as if he were Napoleon.他说话的时候就好像他是拿破伦一 样。3)当从句里的时间后于主句的时间时,从句用would do.e.g.He talked as if he would go to the moon.他高谈阔论就好像要去月球一样。would rather 后接从句,也可用虚拟语气1)叙述现在或将来的事情,从句谓语动词用过去式。如:I would rather you stayed here.我宁愿你待在这。I would rather he came tomorrow.我宁愿他明天回来。2)叙述过去的事情,表达实际上并
7、未发生愿望时,从句用过去完成时。如:I would rather he had come yesterday.我宁愿他昨天回来。It is time that 虚拟形式It is(high/about)time that+从句(过去式)e.g.It is high time that you caught the bus.是时候你刚好赶上公共汽车。It is high time that we took actions to keep peace in the whole world.是时候我们该采取行动维护世界和平了。1.But for their help,we _ the program
8、 in time.A.can not finish B.B.will not finishC.had not finished D.could not have finished2.If I _ plan to do anything I wanted to,Id like to go to Tibet and travel through as much of it as possible.A.would B.could B.C.had to D.ought to3.The idea is that the nation _ an unmanned spacecraft to explore
9、 the planet first.A.sent B.sends C.send D.must send4.Its high time you _.A.start to work B.would start to work C.started to work D.had started to work5.We required that the machine parts _ cast iron.A.is made of B.be made from C.be made of D.is made by6.The management urged that the cost of producti
10、on _.A.to be further reduced B.was further reduced C.be further reduced D.should further reduced7.“She wouldnt drink her medicine last night,would she?”“_.”A.No,but I wish she wouldnt B.No,but I wish she had C.Yes,I wish she drank D.yes,I wish she could8.“Your performance was very good.”“I could hav
11、e done better if I _ more time.”A.have had B.had C.had had D.will have had9.It is strange that such a thing _ in your school.A.will happen B.happens C.should happen D.happened10.Dr Bethune worked hard as if he _.A.never had felt tired B.had never felt tired C.never felt tired D.was tired neverListen
12、ing Listening 1.Work in pairs.Read the passage and answer the questions:2.When and how did the Blitz start?3.At 4p.m.on 7 September 1940,348 German war planes began to drop bombs on London.How long did the Blitz last?Two hours.How many people were killed in the worst single incident?450How did peopl
13、e get into the underground stations?By breaking the chains on the doors.2.Complete the sentences with the verbs in the past simple.1.I remember that the house _ during the bombing.2.The planes _ very low.3.A lot of bombs _ on the docks.break fall feel fly shake thinkshookflewfell4.A lot of people _
14、the underground would be the safest place.5.They _ the chains on the doors.6.You _ much safer in the underground.thoughtbrokefelt3.Listen to Alice and Henry Porter,who lived in London during the Blitz,and answer the questions.1)How old were Alice and Henry when the bombing campaign started?2)Alice w
15、as 7 and Henry was 12.2)Where was Alice when she saw the bombing for the first time?In her bedroom.3)What did Henry and his brother do?They went out into the street to watch the planes.4)Where was Alice when a bomb fell on her street?In the underground.5)Who was Henry with on the night he remembers
16、best?His father.4.Complete the sentences with the words below.I remember that the house shook,and I looked through my bedroom_.I remember seeing _ in the distance.annoyed counting excited fires shouting sound supposed windowwindowfiresI also remember that my parents were very _ with me.The first thi
17、ng I remember was the _ of the planes.I also remember feeling very _.If I remember rightly,we werent _ to do that.annoyedsoundexcitedsupposedI can remember the firemen _ to each other.I remember _ the time between the raids one night.shoutingcounting1.,450 people were killed when a bomb destroyed a
18、school that was an air raid shelter.【考点】air raid shelter意为“防空洞”。shelter此处用作名词，意为“遮蔽物，避难所”；shelter还可用作动词，意为“保护，掩蔽，躲避”。【考例】Some parents are just too protective.They want to _ their kids from every kind of danger,real or imagined.A.spot B.dismiss C.shelter D.distinguish【点拨】选C。根据第一句“Some parents are just too protective”可知下一句要说“父母们想保护孩子们不受到任何危害”。shelter sb.from sth.保护某人免受,符合题意。spot看出,发现,注意到;dismiss开除,使解散;distinguish区别，均不符合题意。
