1、Inversion倒装句Inversion一般来说，句子按照“主语+谓语”的顺序排列，叫做自然语序。有时为了强调突出某一部分或保持句子的平衡结构，从而使句子语序变为倒装语序。倒装语序又分为完全倒装（整个谓语在前），或部分倒装（情态动词如can,may等，助动词do/does/did/have/has/had等，连系动词be等在前，其次是主语+谓语的其他部分)。Out rushed all the students.Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth.完全倒装部分倒装一完全倒装1.以now,then,here,there,
2、thus,so等副词开头的句子2.以out,in,up,down,away,off,on,high,low,back,over等表示方向或位移的副词（短语）开头的句子Here comes the bus.There goes the bell.Down came the rain.Now comes your turn.Away went our teacher.Out rushed the boys the instant the bell rang.Summer begins in June.Then follow July and August.High flies the bird.O
3、ff went the ship.Characteristics:1.主语：2.动词:3.时态：名词注意：如果主语是代词,主谓不倒装。be,come,go,follow,rush，run 等表位移的词只用于一般现在时和一般过去时态In he came.Away they went.Look!Here shecomes.1._and caught the mouse.A.Up the cat jumped B.The cat up jumped C.Up jumped the cat D.Jumped up the cat2.-Where is your father?-Oh,_.A.here
4、he comes B.he here comes C.here does he come D.here comes he3._the plane.A.Down flying B.Down was flying C.Down flew D.Flew down4.At the sight of the policeman,_ from behind the door.A.did the boy rush out B.the boy was rushing outC.out rushed the boy D.rushing out the boy3.地点状语放在句首,主语为名词时，用全部倒装.(To
5、 the)North of the city lies the school.On the top of the hill stands a temple.In front of the house sat a small boy.Beyond the mountain live an old couple.Along the passage came a group of representatives.主语为代词时不倒装1.Under a big tree _,half asleep.A.did sat a fat man B.a fat man sat C.did a fat man s
6、at D.sat a fat man2.On the wall _ two large portraits.A.are hanging B.hanged C.hang D.hangs3.At the foot of the mountain_.A.lie a beautiful lake B.does a beautiful lake lieC.lies a beautiful lake D.do a beautiful lake liea.形容词作表语系动词主语1._(出席会议的)was Tom.b.过去分词系动词主语2.Gone for ever _(be)the days when we
7、 had not enough food to eat.c.现在分词系动词主语3.Growing on the path _ some flowers.arePresent at the meetingare4.有时候为了强调表语，把表语置于句首，使用全部 倒装，倒装结构为：“表语系动词主语”1.Tom was present at the meeting.2.The days when we had not enough food to eat are gone.3.Some flowers are growing on the path._ a great scientist with a
8、 simple life.（这就是爱因斯坦）“What does the total bill come to?”_（Mr White问道）注意：如果主句的主语是代词，则不用倒装。6.直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，且主句的主语为名词，主句可以用全部倒装，也可以不倒装“Im very sorry,”he said.“Im very sorry,”said he.7.There be 句型 There is a desk.8.祈愿，表语，口号Long live Chairman Mao!5.such 放在句首(就是这样的)时，经常用全部倒装Such was Albert Einsteinask
9、ed Mr White/Mr White asked.X部分倒装部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如be动词，助动词或情态动词置于主语之前1.Only +状语(副词、介词短语、状语从句)位于句首时,主句部分倒装。Only then did we realize that the man was blind.Only in this way_(我们才能解决这个问题).can we work out/solve the problem.Only when you realize the importance of English _ work hard at it.只有你意识到英语的重要性了,你才会努力去
10、学习它。只有他才知道事情的真相。Only he knows the truth.Attention:only修饰主语时不倒装will you1.Only when the war was over _ to his hometown.A.did the young soldier return B.the young soldier returned C.returned the young soldier D.the young soldier did return2.I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ th
11、e importance of studies.A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize3._ can you expect to get a pay rise.A.With hard work B.Although work hard C.Only with hard work D.Now that he works hard2.so 用在句首，表示一种肯定的事实也适合于一个人，neither 或nor放在句首，表示一种否定的事实也适合于另一个人时，用部分倒装 I like reading.My studen
12、ts like reading,too.I like reading.So do my students.I should make good use of time._you.She is a teacher._I.I havent been to Beijing._ he.He seldom goes to the cinema._ I.So shouldSo amNeither/Nor hasThey wont leave today.We wont leave,either._.They wont leave today.Neither/Nor will we.部分倒装注意 so/ne
13、ither(nor)以及助动词的确定Neither/Nor do 1.Tom is a senior student and studies hard.His sister is also a senior student and studies hard._ _.2.John used to be a teacher but now he is a successful businessman.(His friend Tim 也一样。)*若主语带有两个不同形式的谓语（既有be,又有do，既有肯定又有否定，既有过去时又有现在时），应用so it is with sb 或 it is the s
14、ame with sb.Tom is a senior student and studies hard.So it is with his sister./It is the same with his sister.So it is with his friend Tim./It is the same with his friend Tim.He is honest._(他的确是)注意：若主语指同一人同一事物时，即单纯重复上文的意思或对上文加以证实(“的确”)时，用so 加正常语序So he is.1.I would never come to this restaurant again
15、.The food is terrible.-_.A.Nor am I B.Neither would I C.Same with me D.So do I 2.You forgot your purse when you went out.-Good heavens,_.A.so did I B.so I did C.I did so D.I so did3.David has made great progress recently.-_,and _.A.So he has,so you have B.So he has,so have you C.So has he,so have yo
16、u D.So has he,so you have3.句首为否定，半否定词或词语时，如 no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,at no time(任何时候都不应该，从来没有),by no means,in no case,in noway等时，主句部分倒装 By no means/In no case _(允许抽烟)in the classroom.is smoking allowedNot once did we make the same mistake.Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined p
17、erson.Never before had she carried out a brain operation.Little did he know he was in great danger.At no time did I tell you that you could use my car.*否定词提前的特殊句型：直到已经看不到她了，她父亲才离开。Not until1.not until引导从句，从句不倒装，主句要倒装。.1.Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the problem of pollution
18、was.A.the villagers did realize B.the villagers realized C.did the villagers realize D.didnt the villagers realizeher father lost sight of her did he leave.2.Not only but（also）连接两个并列分句时，前倒后不倒.1.After the earthquake not only _ no electricity,but also _ no water in the village.He not only smoked,but a
19、lso drank._did he smoke,but also he drank.Not only地震发生后，村里既没有电也没有水。2.After the earthquake neither _ any electricity nor _ any water in the village.3.neithernor连接两个并列分句时，前后都要倒装.was therethere waswas therewas there1._ snacks and drink,but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picni
20、c in the forest.A.Not only they brought B.Not only did they bring C.Not only brought they D.Not only they did bring2.Not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it.A.the teacher himself is,all his students are B.the teacher himself is,are all his students C.is the teache
21、r himself,are all his students D.is the teacher himself,all his students are前倒后不倒 No sooner _.Hardly+had sb done when sb didNo sooner+had sb.done than sb.did前倒后不倒4.讲述某过去事情的“一就”的特殊句型As soon as we entered the room,the bell rang.Hardly _when_._.had we entered the room the bell rangNo sooner had we ente
22、red the room than the bell rang.他一到达就开始工作了。Hardly _.had he arrived than he began to work.had he arrived when he began to work.4.以sothat,suchthat表示“如此以至于”引导的结果状语从句，so,such 提前，常引导倒装。如果谓语是单个系动词be,全部倒装，否则为部分倒装。_ that I couldnt catch up with him.1).He was such a good runner that I couldnt catch up with h
23、im._ that he couldnt sleep at night.2)He worried so much about his disease that he couldnt sleep at night.Such a good runner was he So much did he worry about his disease1.虽然他很年轻，但他知道得很多。2.尽管他是总统，但他并不快乐。3.尽管我很喜欢巴黎，但我不能住在那里。4.他虽然成功，但不骄傲。1.Though/Although he is young,he knows a lot.2.Though/Although h
24、e is a president,he is not happy.3.Though/Although I like Paris much,I cant live there.4.Though/Altough he is successful,he is not proud.若表语是单数名词则省略不定冠词a/an.5.as/though 引导的让步状语从句须将表语或状语提前.1._,he knows a lot.2._,he is not happy.3._,I cant live there.4._,he is not proud.Young as/though he isPresident
25、as/though he isMuch as/though I like ParisSuccessful as/though he is尽管这花很漂亮，但是1.Although the flower is beautiful.2.Beautiful although the flower is3.Though the flower is beautiful4.Beautiful though the flower is5.As the flower is beautiful6.Beautiful as the flower is7.Beautiful as is the flower.8.Be
26、autiful though is the flower.引导让步状语从句时although不能倒装as必须倒装though可倒可不倒6.作为状语的频度副词(often,always,now and then,every other day等）放在句首时，可以使用倒装 但sometimes放句首肯定不倒装Always _ questions like that.Often _ the same mistake.他总是那样子问问题。他经常犯同样的错误。does he ask does he make 7.虚拟语气中，把从句if 省略，将were,had 或should置于主语之前，构成部分倒装I
27、f I were ten years younger,I would learn playing the piano._If it had not been for the traffic accident,I should have already been here._If it should rain,the journey would be more unpleasant._Were I ten years younger,I would learn playing the piano.Had it not been for the traffic jam,I should have
28、already been here.Should it rain,the journey would be more unpleasant.1.There comes she.2.South of the city lies two big steel factories.3.No sooner she had gone out than the class began.4.Not until did the teacher come he finished his homework.改错There she comes.lieNo sooner had she gone out than th
29、e class began.Hardly had she gone out when the class began.Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.5.Only in this way you can learn English well.Neither does he drink nor does he smoke.改错 Only in this way can you learn English well.6.Not only are the students planting trees,but(also)is the teacher.Not only are the students planting trees,but(also)the teacher is.7.Neither does he drink nor he smokes.
