1、必修第二册 Unit 4History and Traditions主题语境：人与社会(历史、 社会与文化)【话题词汇】1.ancestor n祖先2.nation n. 国家；民族3.origin n. 起源；起因4.defend v. 保护；保卫5.remote adj. 偏僻的；偏远的 6.previous adj. 早先的7.ancient adj. 古代的8.dynasty n. 朝代9.symbol n. 象征10.history n. 历史11.geography n. 地理12.capital n. 首都；省会13.urban adj. 城市的 14.position n. 位
2、置15.surround v. 包围16.locate v. 找出位置；安置在【话题短语】1.diverse culture 多元文化2.cultural conflict 文化冲突3.enrich ones life 丰富某人的生活4.cross cultural communication 跨文化交际5.traditional art 传统艺术6.widen ones horizons 开阔眼界7.originate from 起源于8.pass down from generation to generation 一代一代传下来9.ups and downs 兴衰，沉浮10.track
3、back to 追溯到【话题佳句】1.Aimed to promote the traditional Chinese culture, the students union is scheduled to hold a poetry recitation contest.为了弘扬中国传统文化，学生将会举办一场诗歌朗诵比赛。2.The activity focus on Chinese folk music, aimed at promoting deeper appreciation of traditional Chinese music.活动以中国民族音乐为主旨，意在促进对中国传统音乐的
4、深入了解。3.As we all know, Chinas long history goes hand in hand with its rich literary tradition. 众所周知，中国的悠久历史与丰富的文学传统携手并进。【话题练习】1.Invented in China, tea breaks through the cultural barriers and provides great relief after a hard days work. 产生于中国，经过一天艰苦的工作，茶突破了文化阻碍，为人们在一天的辛苦工作之后提供了极大的缓解。2.Its normal th
5、at you feel it challenging to fit in with the new school due to cultural differences and new surrounding.由于文化差异和新环境，你觉得很难适应新的学校，这是正常的。3.Visiting the Summer Palace by yourself is bound to greatly promote your understanding of the profound traditional Chinese culture.游览颐和园一定会大大促进对中国悠久传统文化的了解。.重点单词1_ n
6、. 个人adj. 单独的；个别的2_ n. 首领；酋长adj. 最重要的3_ n. 诗人4_ n. 祖宗；祖先5_ n. 战斗；战役v. 搏斗；奋斗6_ n. 金额；数量7_ n. 位置；职位；姿态8_ n. 风景9_ n. 大海；海洋10_ n. 风俗；习惯11_ vi.& vt. (使)翻滚；(使)滚动n. 卷(轴)12_ vt. 保证；确保；担保13_ adj. (增长、下跌等)急剧的； 锋利的；明显的14_ adj. 灵活的；可变通的15_ adv. 因此；所以16_ adj. 军事的；军用的.拓展单词1_ n防御；保卫；_ v保护；保卫_ adj.防御性的2_ vt.围绕；包围_ a
7、dj.周围的；附近的_ n(pl.)周围的事物；环境3_ n证据；证明_ adj.明显的4_ n成就；成绩；达到_ vt.取得；完成；达到5_ n地方；地点；位置_ v找出的位置，把设置在_ adj.位于；坐落在6_ adj.法律的；合法的_ adj.非法的7_ vt.宣布；述说_ n宣告；通告；公告_ n广播员8_ adj.慷慨的；宽宏大量_ n慷慨，大方_ adv.慷慨地；大方地9_ adj.热切的；渴望的_ adv.渴望地；热切地_ n渴望；热心；热切10_ v(和某人)结婚；嫁；娶_ adj.已婚的_ n结婚；婚姻联想拓展“极好的”系列matchlesswonderfulexcelle
8、ntsuperbgreatclassic后缀ous的形容词荟萃dangerous 危险的mountainous 多山的courageous 勇敢的poisonous 有毒的luxurious 奢华的humorous 幽默的.核心短语1_ 脱离；背叛；逃脱2_ 属于3_ 同(一样也)；和；还4_ 把和连接起来5_ 留心，注意，警觉6_ 导致7_ 追溯到8_ 认为是9_ 接管，掌管 10_ 组成，编造，弥补联想拓展名词ence变为ent形容词absenceabsentsilencesilentdifferencedifferentpatiencepatientconvenienceconvenie
9、ntindependenceindependentto的常用搭配stick to 坚持object to 对反对leader to 领导者be addicted to 沉迷于get down to 开始干；着手做look forward to 盼望；期待.重点句型1if条件状语从句的省略形式So what is the difference between them, _ (如果有的话)?2the way后接定语从句They introduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed _. (人们建造房屋的方式)。3everywh
10、ere引导地点状语从句Almost _ (无论你走到英国的哪个地方), you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.高频考点探究.核心词汇1surround vt.围绕；包围【教材原句】Almost everywhere you go in the UK，you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people wh
11、o took over at different times throughout history.几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹象表明，在历史上，有四群人在不同的时期统治着英国。(1)be surrounded by. 被包围、环绕(2)surround oneself with sb./sth. 和某人/某物在一起(3)surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的(4)surroundings n. 环境【练透考点】语段填空He moved to a new house _ by mountains. His house was very beautiful. He was
12、very satisfied with the _ scenery and would soon adapted himself to the new _ (surround)句式升级He found that his daughter was surrounded by letters and books and she looked very worried.(分词做宾补)He found his daughter _ letters and papers, _ (look)very worried. 【佳句背诵】Surround yourself with uplifted indivi
13、duals who challenge you to be better while loving you for who you are. 让自己周围充满振奋的人，他们向你挑战，让你变得更好，同时因为你本身而喜欢你。2evidence n证据；证明【典型例句】It is evident that education of the young is vital to the future of a country.很明显，年轻人的教育对一个国家的未来是至关重要的。(1)There is some/no evidence that. (没)有证据证明in evidence 显眼；显而易见(2)e
14、vident adj. 明显的；明白的Its evident that. 很明显(3)evidently adv. 显然；明显地；清楚地 【练透考点】单句语法填空His footprints were clearly _ in the heavy dust，which is the evidence that he had come here before (evidence)She walked slowly down the road, _ in pain (evident)He was soon deep in meditation, and _ was evident that the
15、 longer he thought, the more he was bothered.Poverty and bad housing conditions are much _ evidence in the remote countryside.【佳句背诵】It is evident that this experience will become a pleasant memory.显然，这次经历将成为一个愉快的回忆。3charge n收费；指控；主管；vt.收费；控告；充电【教材原句】Judy and I had our car parked in an underground ca
16、r park near Trafalgar Square，where we could get our car battery charged.朱迪和我把我们的汽车停在特拉法尔加广场附近的一个地下停车场，在那里我们可以给汽车电池充电。(1)charge sb. money for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人收取费用charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事(2)take charge of 主管/负责in charge of 负责/掌管in the charge of 由负责【练透考点】一词多义After being questioned by
17、 the police, she was released without charge._ Delivery is free of charge. _ The man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs._ The atmosphere was charged with excitement._ 【佳句背诵】The air was charged with silence and frost.万籁寂静，满天霜气。4approach n方法；途径；接近；vt.接近；接洽；着手处理；vi.靠近【教材原
18、句】 It was hard to approach the painting as there were so many people around.周围有那么多人，所以很难接近那幅画。(1)make an approach to 对进行商谈(2)the approach to (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法/途径(3)the approach of sth. 某事的来临at ones approach 在某人快到时【练透考点】单句语法填空He came up with several approaches _ solving the problem, but some were
19、 not practical. Absorbed in painting, he didnt notice evening _ (approach). Unfortunately, just as I took out my camera, a woman _ from behind and planted herself right in front of my view (approach)【熟词生义】Whats the best way of approaching this problem? v着手处理；对付【佳句背诵】2018全国卷Chinas approach to protect
20、ing its environment while feeding its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.中国既能保护环境、又能养活自己的国民的方法为全世界的农业和粮食决策者提供了有益的经验。5crowd n人群；一群人；民众；vt.挤满；使拥挤【教材原句】 Dave could not find a seat in the room. It was very crowded.戴夫在房间里找不到座位。那里非常拥挤。(1)crowd in (想法、问题等)涌上心头； 涌
21、入脑海(2)crowd into ones mind/head crowd in on sb. 涌上心头；涌入脑海a crowd of 一群crowd into. 涌入/挤进crowded adj. 拥挤的；挤满的；塞满的(3)be crowded with 挤满了【练透考点】单句语法填空2019浙江卷Aggressive wildfire control has left California forest crowded _ small trees that compete with big trees for resources.I ran for just under seven ki
22、lometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _ on the roads above as they traveled to and from work (crowd)Naturally, accidents will happen on such a _ road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever (crowd)【佳句背诵】Everything in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if they had just happened.童年
23、的一切一下子涌入我的脑海，好像刚刚发生似的。.核心短语6break away (from sb./sth.)脱离；背叛；逃脱【教材原句】Finally，in the 20th century，the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today : the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 最终，在20世纪，爱尔兰南部脱离了英国，这导致了我们今天拥有的(英国的)全名呈现为：大不列
24、颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。【拓展延伸】break down 损坏；分解；(汽车)抛锚break in 非法闯入；插嘴，打断break into 破门而入，非法闯入； 突然起来 break off 打断；折断；中断(说话)break out (战争、火灾、疾病等) 突然发生，爆发break through 冲突；突破break up 分解；终结【练透考点】单句语法填空The tiger broke away _ the cage and fled into the forest.The computer system suddenly broke _ while he was searching f
25、or information on the Internet.The authorities urged people to stock up on necessities in case the war broke _.“There is no future between us，so I want to break _，” said the girl to her boyfriend.We had to break _ the house as we had lost the key.【佳句背诵】To improve your study，you should first break aw
26、ay from your bad study habits.为了改善你的学习，你首先应该改掉你学习上的坏习惯。7belong to属于【教材原句】The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.所属英国的四个国家在一些领域进行了合作。(1)belongings n. 财产；所有物；亲戚(2)belong to中的to是介词，该短语既不能用于被动语态，也不能用于进行时态；作后置定语时，形式为“.belonging to”。【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子Before getting
27、 off，please check whether your _ are left on the drifting boat.As is known to us，America is a country _ to the developed country.孩子小的时候教他们把东西放在应该放的地方是个好习惯。Its a good habit to teach children to leave things _ when they are young. 我们高度评价这个观点，就是文化遗产属于全人类而不是个人。We think highly of the view that cultural r
28、elics _ rather than individuals.【写作金句】I believe success belongs to those who make constant efforts.我相信成功属于那些不断努力的人。8keep ones eyes open (for)留心；留意【教材原句】If you keep your eyes open，you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.如果你留心的话，你会惊奇地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。【拓展延伸】keep an eye
29、 on 照看，照管；留心注意look sb. in the eye(s) 直视别人have an eye for 对有判断力/鉴赏力catch sb.s eye 吸引某人的注意【练透考点】完成句子我正在做作业，这时一只小鸟吸引了我的注意力。I was doing my homework when a bird _.我离开的时候你能不能帮我看一下行李？Could you _ my luggage while Im away?请留意寻找机会，因为机会不等人。Please _ for opportunities for they wait for no one. 大家都相信只要有一双欣赏美的眼睛，美
30、在校园里无处不在。It is believed in common that beauty exists everywhere on the campus as long as you _ it.你能问心无愧地看着我说你没撒谎吗？Can you _ and tell me youre not lying?.典型句式精析9Almost everywhere_you_go_in_the_UK，you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times t
31、hroughout history.几乎无论你走到英国的哪个地方，周围总有迹象表明，在历史上，有四群人在不同的时期统治着英国。【典型例句】After the earthquake, everywhere they looked，nearly everything was destroyed地震之后，无论他们往哪里看，几乎一切都被摧毁。【句式分析】句中everywhere you go in the UK为everywhere引导的地点状语从句，相当于wherever you go in the UK。引导地点状语从句的连词有：where(在地方)，wherever(无论哪里，在任何地方)，ev
32、erywhere(每一地方，到处)，anywhere(任何地方)。everywhere也可以做副词，做地点状语。【练透考点】完成句子无论他走到哪里，他都受到热烈欢迎。_， he received a warm welcome.他喜欢这个城市的原因是到处都有公园。The reason why he likes the city is that _.有志者，事竟成。_，there is a way. 她所到之处都有成群的人等着见她。_， there are crowds of people waiting to see her. 你可以去任何你想去的地方。You can go _.10They i
33、ntroduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed the_way_people_built_houses.他们引进了英语的起源，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。【典型例句】The way that /which was offered by him to do the experiment was different from the way that you carried it out.他提供的做这个实验的方式不同于你做它的方式。【句式分析】句中的the way后为省略了关系词that /in which的定语从句。(1)
34、the way后面的定语从句，关系词若在从句中作状语，相当于“用这种方式/方法(in this way)”时，通常不用关系词，偶尔用 that，在较正式的文体里才用in which来引导。(2)the way 后不能用 how 引导定语从句，但也可以不用the way，而直接用 how 引导的名词性从句来表达这类意思。【练透考点】完成句子_ to prevent the water pollution was very popular in that area. 他想到的阻止水污染的方法在那个地区广受欢迎。Only by changing _ roughly can we get along
35、well with it.只有通过改变我们对待环境的粗暴方式我们才能与它和谐共生。【知识拓展】The way后不能用how引导定语从句，但可以用how引导的名词性从句来表达。Thats the way he did it.Thats how he did it.【佳句背诵】We all appreciate the way that the ancient town protects it traditional cultures and customs from being abandoned.我们都非常欣赏这个古代城镇保护自己传统文化和习俗免于被遗弃的方式。.高考能力同步化单句语法填空12
36、020新高考全国卷As well as _ (look) at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine themselves living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.22019浙江6月卷The students feel that they belong _ a particular group.32020全国卷And when he saw the mists rising from the
37、river and the soft clouds _ (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears.42020全国卷Begin to train your brain to look at strength before weakness. List all of your accomplishments and _ (achieve)52020 天津卷“Small does not mean weak, sir，” she _ herself (defence)6_ is evident that education of th
38、e young is vital to the future of a country.7Facing up to your problems is the best approach to _ (work)things out.8His speech _ (greet)with a storm of applause.9It was generous _ him to contribute a lot of money to the rural schools.10Its my great honor _ that I am running for chairman of the Stude
39、nts Union (announcement).必备知识试题化选词填空leave behind，result in，break away from，belong to， take over1Nowadays many farmers want to _ the land and make a living in cities.2When you go camping，please do not _ any trash.3As one of the most deadly natural disasters in the world，earthquakes often _ many peopl
40、e being injured or killed.4When she fell ill her daughter _ the business from her.5Wisdom _ me, emptiness does not belong to me, to grasp every moment, and I am next to a beautiful agreement. .教材语篇高考化语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England refer to the
41、 same country. Many people are confused by them, but 1._ (get)to know a little bit about its history will help solve the puzzle.In 2._ 16th century, Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Then, Scotland, and then the Kingdom of Ireland joined to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ir
42、eland. However, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away 3._ the UK, resulting in the full name we have today. The four countries use the same flag and share the same currency and military 4._ (defend) but they also have different education and legal systems. The UK has a long an
43、d interesting history to explore, 5._ can help you understand much more about the country and 6._ traditions. The Romans, the AngloSaxons, the Vikings and the Normans all conquered the UK, which made 7._ (change) to it. The capital city London is a great place 8._ (start)，as its history can date bac
44、k to Roman times. The UK is a 9._ (fascinate)mix of history and modern culture. If you keep your eyes open, you 10._ (surprise)to find that you can see both its past and its present.2019全国卷假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：1写信目的；2个人优势；3能做的事情。注意：1词数80左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3结束语已为你写好。Dear S
45、ir，_Look forward to your early reply.Yours，Li HuaStep 1斟酌打磨丰富句式1精挑细选核心词汇想周全_ adj.外向_ n. 熟悉_ adj. 有益_ 精通_ 考虑2遣词造句句式升级是亮点我精通英语和汉语，这有利于介绍中国画。I have a good command of English and Chinese. It is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.(非限制性定语从句)_因为我对国画文化很熟悉，所以我可以让外国人和当地人更深的了解它。Because I know about C
46、hinese painting culture very well, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it.(高级短语替换)_Step 2逻辑衔接连句成文Dear Sir，_Look forward to your early reply.Yours，Li Hua必修第二册Unit 4History and Traditions基础回顾.重点单词1individual2.chief3.poet4.ancestor5.battle6.amount7position8.landscape9.ocean10.custom1
47、1.roll12.ensure13.sharp14.flexible15.therefore16.military.拓展单词1defencedefenddefensive2.surroundsurroundingsurroundings3.evidenceevident4.achievementachieve5.locationlocatelocated6.legalillegal7.announceannouncementannouncer8.generousgenerositygenerously9.eagereagerlyeagerness10.marrymarriedmarriage.
48、核心短语1break away (from sb./sth.)2.belong to3.as well as4join.to.5.keep ones eyes open6.result in7.date back to8refer to.as.9.take over10.make up.重点句型1if any2the way people built houses3everywhere you go in the UK课堂讲解1surroundedsurroundingsurroundingssurrounded bylooking2evidentevidentlyitin3指控收费主管充满4
49、toapproachingapproached5withcrowdscrowded6fromdownoutup into7belongingsbelongingwhere they belongbelong to human beings8caught my eyekeep an eye onkeep your eyes openhave an eye forlook me in the eye9Wherever he wentthere are parks everywhereWhere there is a willWherever she goesanywhere you like10T
50、he way that/which he thought ofthe way we treat the environment随堂练习.高考能力同步化单句语法填空1looking2.to3.surrounding4.achievements5.defended6It7.working8.was greeted9.of10.to announce.必备知识试题化选词填空1break away from2.leave behind3.result in4.took over5belongs to.教材语篇高考化语法填空1getting2.the3.from4.defence5.which6.its
51、7.changes8.to start9.fascinating10.will be surprised话题与高考写作Step 1斟酌打磨丰富句式1outgoingfamiliaritybeneficialhave a good command oftake.into consideration2I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings.Because of my familiarity with Chinese painting cul
52、ture, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it.Step 2逻辑衔接连句成文参考范文：Dear Sir，Im Li Hua, an outgoing boy, who is studying in London. I am writing to apply to be a volunteer of your team, having heard that a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held in this local city. I have some advant
53、ages for the job.First of all, having lived in China for sixteen years and having learnt English since I was a child, I have a good command of English and Chinese, which is beneficial for introducing Chinese paintings. Besides ，having a good knowledge of Chinese paintings because of my familiarity w
54、ith Chinese painting culture, I can get foreigners and the locals to know more about it. Last but not least, through my introduction and efforts, I believe I can strengthen the friendship between China and England.I would appreciate it if you could take my application into consideration.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours, Li Hua
