1、2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修五Module 4知识详解1.extendv延长，延伸；扩大；伸出，伸展；给予，提供(回归课本P32)As time passed，however，the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after Christmas.随着时间的推移，庆祝狂欢节的时间长了，圣诞节一过狂欢节就开始了。13【归纳总结】【例句探源】The school is extending the range of subjects taught.学校正在拓宽授课学科的范围。The River Nile
2、extends as far as the Lake Victoria.尼罗河一直延伸至维多利亚湖。The road extends for miles and miles.这条路向远方绵延伸展。He extended his arms in front of him as if he were praying to God.他向前伸出双臂，好像在向上帝祷告求助。【易混辨析】expand，extend，spread，stretch(1)expand展开，扩大。不仅指尺寸的增加，还可指范围和体积的扩大。(2)extend伸出，延伸。指空间范围的扩大以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。(3
3、)spread伸开，传播。一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如：传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。(4)stretch伸展，拉长。一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。The fire soon spread to the nearby buildings.Water expands when it freezes.The cat stretched out in front of the fire.The hot weather extended to October.【即境活用】1.The railway will _ further to my hometown.AextendBbe ex
4、tendedCexpand Dbe expanded解析：选A。句意“这条铁路将延伸到我的家乡。”2(四川广汉金雁中学高考适应卷)I think the car will _ till we get to the village.Aextend out Bgo in forChold out Dhold up解析：选C。hold out在这里是“支持，维持”的意思。extend out“伸出”；go in for“参加，从事”；hold up“举起，支撑，阻挡”，均不符合题意。2.pretendvi.& vt.假装，装扮，谎称(回归课本P32)Ordinary people could pre
5、tend to be rich and important，while famous people could have romantic adventures in secret.普通人可以装阔佬和重要人物，而名人也可以偷偷地体验浪漫的奇遇。【归纳总结】【例句探源】(牛津P1567)She didnt love him，though she pretended to.她并不爱他，尽管她装出爱的样子。(朗文P1548)The candidate pretended she had worked for a newspaper before.这位候选人佯称她以前在一家报社工作过。The boy
6、pretended to be sleeping when his mother entered the room.当他妈妈走进房间时，那男孩假装正在睡觉。When we asked him to have lunch with us，he pretended to have had it.当我们叫他一起吃午饭时，他假装说吃过了。【即境活用】3When the boss came in，the workers pretended _ hard on their machines.Ato workBto be workingCto have worked Dworking解析：选B。句意“当老板
7、进来时，工人们假装正在机器旁努力工作。”用to be doing表示当时那一刻正在进行的动作。4.She _ she didnt know me when I passed her in the street.Apraised BpretendedCprepared Dprevented解析：选B。句意“当我在街上经过她身旁时，她假装不认识我。”3.traden交易，贸易；买卖；行业，职业 v做买卖，进行贸易，做生意(回归课本P39)When the slave trade was abolished in 1838 the former slaves took over the carniv
8、al.当1838年奴隶贸易被废除时，昔日的奴隶们沿袭了狂欢节这一风俗。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Trade between the two countries has increased.两国之间的贸易增长了。(朗文P2130)Britain built up her wealth by trading with other countries.英国通过与其他国家做生意积累起本国的财富。He traded his pen for a knife with me.他用笔跟我换了一把刀。Doha trade talks broke up without agreement.多哈贸易谈判宣告破裂。【即
9、境活用】5(济宁一模)Im a writer and _ language is the tool of _ trade.Athe；theB/；aC/；the Da；a解析：选C。本题考查冠词。第一处表示的是泛指“语言”，为不可数名词，故不使用冠词；第二处使用定冠词，特指前面提到的writer这个“生意”。e to an end结束(回归课本P32)The original Venice carnival came to an end about 200 years ago.最初的威尼斯狂欢节在大约200年前结束。【归纳总结】【例句探源】(朗文P616)That job came to an
10、end last month.那项工作上个月完成了。How does the story come to an end？这个故事结局如何？Under growing pressure from international environmental groups Japan put an end to whale hunts.在国际环保组织的不断增加的压力下日本已经中止了猎鲸。(朗文P617)Since Mike lost his job，we can hardly make ends meet.自从迈克失业以后，我们简直难以维持生计。【即境活用】6.The conference coming
11、 to _ with an agreement，all the people from either side _ cheered with joy.Athe end；allBthe end；bothCan end；all Dan end；both解析：选D。come to an end“结束”；从either side判断是“双方”。7(江苏启东中学)The sweater my sister knitted for me _ twice the size it should have been.It had to be kept for later use.Aended up Bbroug
12、ht upCcame up Dtook up解析：选A。短语end up最终，本句意思为：姐姐为我编织的毛衣结果大了两倍。5.dress up打扮；装饰(回归课本P31)Have you ever dressed up in special clothes?你曾经用特别的服装来打扮过自己吗？【归纳总结】【例句探源】You neednt dress up and go as you are.你用不着穿讲究的衣服，就穿平时的衣服去吧。We dressed (ourselves) up for wedding.我们为婚礼而盛装打扮。(牛津P610)The boys were all dressed
13、up as pirates.这些男孩子都装扮成了海盗。【易混辨析】dress，wear，put on，have on(1)dress表示动作。作及物动词时，应该说“dress sb./oneself”，不能接表示衣服的名词；作不及物动词时，尤指为特殊场合穿好衣服；be dressed in 表示状态，相当于be in，后面可接表示衣服或颜色的名词。(2)wear表示状态，表示穿衣服(鞋子)，戴首饰、眼镜、饰物等，留(发)、蓄(须)，面露(某种表情)。其后也可接表示颜色的名词作宾语。(3)put on表示穿的动作，接衣服、鞋子等。(4)have on表示状态，相当于be wearing；但hav
14、e on不能用被动语态，也不能用进行时。She dressed her baby quickly.She had a red jacket on the other day.She usually wore a diamond necklace.Hurry up！Put your coat on!【即境活用】8._ warmly if youre going out for a walk.APut onBWearCDress DHave on解析：选C。根据句式结构，此处需用不及物动词，A、B、D均为及物动词。9Its a small informal party，you dont have
15、to _.Adress up BdressCbe dressed Dget dressed解析：选A。句意：这是个小型的非正式的晚会，因此，你不需要穿很讲究。句型梳理1.【教材原句】Think of carnival，and you think of crowds，costumes，and confusion.(P32)想起狂欢节，你自然就会想起拥挤的人群，节日的服饰及混乱的场景。【句法分析】在“祈使句and陈述句”这种句型中，祈使句表条件，与陈述句之间要用连接词，其连接词共分两类：第一类：and，and then，意思是“就”，“那么(就)”，“于是”，“然后”。第二类：or，or else
16、，otherwise，意思是“否则”，“要不”，“不然的话”。Come early，and youll catch the first bus.早点来，你就能赶上第一班公共汽车。Use your head，or (else)you wont find a way.动动脑筋，否则，你就找不到办法。Work harder，and then you will pass the test.再努力一点，你才会通过考试。Work harder，or you will not pass the test.再努力一点，要不你不会通过考试的。【注意】有时“祈使句and陈述句”句型中的祈使句可以被一个名词短语所替
17、代。One more word，and Ill knock you fat.你再说一个字，我就把你摆平在地。One more week，and Ill do the work better.再给我一周，我会把工作做得更好。【即境活用】10(北京海淀区模拟)_ a diary every day and youll improve your writing.AKeepingBTo keepCKeep DIf you keep解析：选C。本句考查的是“祈使句and/or陈述句”结构。“每天坚持写一篇日记，那么你的写作就会提高。”11._，and well get everything ready
18、for the taking off.AHave one more hourBOne more hourCGiven one more hourDIf I have one hour more解析：选B。此处用名词短语来替代祈使句。2.【教材原句】As time passed，however，the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after Christmas.(P32)然而，随着时间的推移，狂欢节的时间被延长了，这样它就正好在圣诞节以后开始。【句法分析】as的用法：(1)conj.随着；当时，引导时间状语从句 照方式，引
19、导方式状语从句 因为，由于，引导原因状语从句 尽管，虽然，引导让步状语从句(倒装)(2)prep. 像，如同，the same as 作为，当做，treat/regard.as，work/act/serve as(3)adv. (比较时用)像一样，as.asAs she grew older，she gained in confidence.随着年龄的增长，她的信心增强了。Leave the papers as they are.别动那些文件。As you were out，I left a message.因为你不在，我留了一张字条儿。(朗文P87)Unlikely as it might
20、seem，Im tired too.尽管看起来不像，但我的确也累了。She works as a guide in the tourism agency.她在这家旅行社当导游。【即境活用】12._ the Internet is of great help，I dont think its a good idea to spend too much time on it.AIfBWhileCBecause DAs解析：选B。句意：尽管因特网对我们有很大的帮助，但我认为花太多的时间上网不是一个好主意。whileeven though尽管；if如果；because因为；as因为，当的时候。只有B项符合句意。13Pop music is such an important part of society _ it has even influenced our language.Aas BthatCwhich Dwhere解析：选B。句意：流行音乐是社会中如此重要的一部分以至于它已经影响了我们的语言。此题应该为such.that结构，引导结果状语从句，故选B项。
