1、中学生标准学术能力诊断性测试2020年1月测试英语试卷本试卷共150分，考试时间100分钟。第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分60分)第一节(共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分) AFour of the Oldest Buildings in the WorldKnap of Howar One of the oldest buildings in the world is the Knap of Howar, which dates back to 3700-3500 BCE. The farmhouse is one of the oldest, still-standing stone h
2、ouses in Europe. It includes two stone homes linked through a hidden passage and joint walls. Archaeologists say Irish or Scottish monks could be the first builders and residents of the Knap of Howar. Although the house is still standing, these abandoned places around the world are better candidates
3、 for restoration. Ggantija Temples The Megalithic Temples of Malta, or the Ggantija Temples, date back to 3600 to 3200 BCE. The two temples on the island of Malta are UNESCO World Heritage sites. Its one of the oldest free-standing monuments in the world. Archaeologists think the temple was used for
4、 ritual animal sacrifices. Shunet el-Zebib Shunet el-Zebib is partially standing, but mostly in ruins. Its still, however, one of the oldest buildings in the world. The Egyptian temple built in 2750 BCE is of mud and brick. It has an underground tomb as well as an above-ground complex. Architectural
5、ly, its a nod to the Egyptian pyramids soon to come. Tomb of Cyrus Built in 530 BCE, the Tomb of Cyrus is one of Irans World Heritage Sites and one of the oldest buildings on the planet. Its also believed to be one of the first earthquake-protected structures in the world, according to Atlas Obscura
6、. The base isolating used on the tomb protects the main structure from moving apart from the foundation. 1. What do the four buildings have in common? A. All of them are located in Europe. B. All of them are made of stone and mud. C. All of them are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. D. All of them were b
7、uilt before the birth of Christ. 2. Which of the four buildings may be the strongest? A. Knap of Howar. B. Ggantija Temples. C. Shunet el-Zebib. D. Tomb of Cyrus. 3. Which of the following is True according to the passage? A. Shunet el-Zebib is earthquake protected.B. Tomb of Cyrus has an undergroun
8、d tomb. C. Ggantija Temples are built by Irish monks.D. Knap of Howar may be the oldest building among the four. BIn the summer of 2010, Deborah Barrett and her son, Anthony, walked out of a restaurant near the Edmonton high school from which hed graduated two years earlier. They had volunteered to
9、wash dishes there to give Anthony something to do, but when they went out, the sun sliced through the clouds and Deborah had a realization: my kid is not spending his life in a dish pit. Cleaning plates isnt the only option for high-school graduates. But Anthony has autism(自闭症)and is mostly non-verb
10、al, aside from short words in answer to yes-or-no questions and the Eeeee sounds he makes when hes excited, happy or frustrated. Once a person with intellectual disabilities ages out of school, “Theres no life for them,” Deborah says. Programs end, and jobs are usually humble. As her son entered his
11、 20s, Deborah thought about what he could do and what he enjoyed. Among his likes: being driven around and carrying things, as well as seeing new places but not staying long. Maybe he could be a courier? The catch: Anthony doesnt move fast, and courier jobs would require his support staff to be his
12、driver and co-worker. That wasnt an issue for Mike Hamm. In 2012, he became Anthonys new assistant and embraced the plan of spending part of their days delivering packages as a team. The pair called their venture Anthony at Your Service, signed a few customers and set out in Hamms lorry. Seven years
13、 later, boxes awaiting distribution are piled on the porch of the home. Anthony, 30, shares with Deborah and her husband, David, a lawyer. The company now has two-dozen delivery teams-each comprising a contractor with an intellectual disability and their support-worker contractor-in Edmonton and Cal
14、gary. Launching a company that employs 24 contractors with intellectual disabilities, and all the logistics that come along with that, wasnt the original plan, Deborah says. But the realities of delivery work - the peaks and valleys in demand, the long hours - meant that Anthony and Hamm couldnt sho
15、ulder the load alone. And the feedback she received from Albertas autistic and intellectually disabled communities suggested they wanted to work for a company that understood them. Running Anthony at Your Service has become Deborahs full-time, and she gave up her psychotherapy practice and the presi
16、dency of Autism Society Alberta a couple years ago. “What Im doing for Anthony now has made more difference in his life than any of that other work,” she says. “We want to create jobs for people with all kinds of abilities and disabilities. ” 4. Whats the future of the persons with intellectual disa
17、bilities according to Deborah? A. They will lose their lives. B. They will get well-paid jobs. C. They will clean plates in restaurants. D. They will find it hard to find a decent job. 5. What does the underlined word “courier” mean in the 3rd paragraph? A. Accountant. B. Barber. C. Deliveryman. D.
18、Engineer. 6. What can be inferred from the passage? A. David launched the company for his son. B. Anthonys contractors are mainly disabled. C. Deborah gave up her original job unwillingly. D. Mike Hamm is an intellectually disabled person. 7. Which of the following words can best describe Deborah Ba
19、rrett? A. Accessible. B. Caring. C. Humorous. D. Modest. CJellyfish are unusual creatures. Theyre neither fish nor jelly. Some are among the most colourful creatures in the world, but its best to look but not touch these invertebrates(无脊椎动物). Not only are they very fragile creatures, but many give a
20、 painful sting, and some are even deadly. Whether you admire them in an aquarium or try to avoid them in the wild, you wont be able to get these fascinating jellyfish facts out of your head. Heres a jellyfish fact that might come in handy: There are several names for a group of jellyfish. They inclu
21、de smack, bloom, and swarm. Choose the word you prefer depending on whether you think the jellyfish pack looks like a garden of blooming flowers or more like a frightening pack of stingers, and whether youre admiring them at an aquarium or if you and your fellow snorkelers are surrounded. Jellyfish
22、have two main forms in their life cycle that look quite different from each other. Scientific American explains that an adult jellyfish, called a medusa, has a bell-shaped body with tentacles(触须)flowing down below it. Young jellyfish, called polyps, look more like sea anemones, with shorter tentacle
23、s that flow up above the main body. Medusas reproduce by releasing eggs. Melanie Roberts, Senior Aquarist at SeaWorld Orlando, says that the largest jellyfish in the world is a lions mane jellyfish. The body of this beautiful orange jelly can grow up to three feet in diameter. With its 12,000 tentac
24、les that can grow 120 feet long, Oceana. org adds that the lions mane jelly compares in size to the planets largest animal: the blue whale. Regardless of their size, jellyfish are mostly made of water. In fact, theyre about 95 per cent water. These creatures dont have brains, blood, or bones. And mo
25、st jellyfish dont have eyes. Jellyfish also use their mouths both for eating and for waste removal. 8. Why cant we touch jellyfish? A. Because they may be stung. B. Because they may die easily. C. Because they may feel painful. D. Because they may hurt people. 9. What are jellyfish named after? A. I
26、ts size. B. Its color. C. Its appearance. D. Its lifestyle. 10. What can we learn from the passage? A. Mouth is an important organ for jellyfish. B. Polyps can clone themselves by laying eggs. C. The largest jellyfish in the world is 120 feet long. D. Medusas have tentacles flowing up above the body
27、. 11. What can be the best title of the passage? A. Several facts about jellyfish. B. The two main forms of jellyfish. C. Jellyfish are neither fish nor jelly. D. Jellyfish have many different names. DAny time we burn fossil fuels, were pumping fine particulate matter(细颗粒物)from oil, gas and other to
28、xins(毒素)into the air. “Some of these carbon particles can persist in the lungs for decades,” says Dr. Don Sin, a respirologist and director of the Centre for Heart Lung Innovation in Vancouver. Over 7,000 Canadians died from complications due to poor air quality in 2015. A study in the European Hear
29、t Journal earlier this year found that air pollution now kills 8. 8 million people worldwide per year -more than tobacco smoking. Sin adds that womens lungs seem particularly easy to get cancer from pollution. Currently, 10,000 Canadian women die of lung cancer every year, and 15 per cent of new cas
30、es are people who have never smoked. “In Canada, lung-cancer deaths in female non-smokers will very soon probably outnumber the deaths from breast cancer, because lung cancer is so deadly,” he says. Contributing to air pollution are the 8,000 wildfires we experience every year in Canada, like those
31、that destroyed large areas of Alberta this past spring. These are increasing in frequency and intensity with our hotter, drier spells. A study in the Canadian Journal of Emergency Medicine found that prescriptions for an asthma and COPD drug rose by 22 per cent in the Yellowknife region in the summe
32、r of 2014, when it was surrounded by wildfire smoke. The number of ER visits for breathing problems was 42 per cent higher; for children, it more than doubled. Another threat to breathing is mould, which is a concern in areas with repeated flooding, such as around New Brunswicks Saint John River, wh
33、ere floodwaters have been in homes for two years in a row and displaced more than 200 families. Moulds produce toxins and spores that can trigger allergic reactions or infections if taken in. Rising sea levels and increased urban development, combined with intense rainfalls, mean we will see a lot m
34、ore of it. To avoid breathing polluted air, wear a mask rated N95-not a surgical mask, which is useless, says Sin. “Those are too thin and easily torn. They wont protect you at all from air particles. ” On bad-air days, get your exercise indoors, for instance by walking in an air-conditioned mall. 1
35、2. Which of the following is True according to the passage? A. 15 per cent of Canadian women have never smoked. B. 1,000 Canadian women die of lung cancer every year. C. Air pollution has killed 8. 8 million people in the world. D. Over 7,000 Canadians died as a result of air pollution in 2015. 13.
36、What may cause the wildfires in Canada according to the passage? A. Hot weather. B. Cigarette end. C. Dry plants. D. Poor management. 14. What of the following is NOT a factor to produce moulds? A. Sea levels rising. B. Development of countryside. C. Lots of rainfalls. D. Growth of city. 15. What sh
37、ould be suggested to prevent breathing polluted air? A. Wearing a surgical mask. B. Taking exercise. C. Walking indoors. D. Sleeping longer hours. 第二节(共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。From time to time, even the most productive professionals procrastinate(拖延). When your tend
38、ency to procrastinate is starting to make your overall quality of work and life suffer, _16_. Heres what Forbes Coaches Council members recommend doing to stop racing the clock. Take the tiniest step possible When you dont feel motivated, take the smallest step possible toward your goal. After takin
39、g that step, youre more likely to continue taking more steps toward that goal. _17_. Give yourself a hard deadline, and then schedule it The best way to overcome a natural tendency to procrastinate is to create a hard deadline for yourself and then put it on the calendar. _18_. Then honor it the sam
40、e way you would if your boss were waiting for you to complete the task. _19_ Become a detective or a scientist about your pattern of procrastinating. Notice your thoughts, feelings, behaviors and the situation when you feel like procrastinating. Write these down. Often perfectionism, which we may ex
41、perience as anxiety, underlies the tendency to postpone action. Once you understand your pattern, you can hold yourself accountable in a positive and self-compassionate way. Give yourself a reward for each task you complete _20_. Then give yourself a little reward for doing it. (piece of candy, a fe
42、w minutes on Social media, etc. ). Then do something on your list that you want to do and continue alternating from there. This makes your tasks less daunting. A. Identify a positive outcome from your action B. Treat the deadline the same as if your boss created it C. Understand the underlying reaso
43、ns youre procrastinating D. find a way to make overcoming procrastination interesting E. its time to do a reality check and break yourself of the habit F. Make a list of things you need to do and do the one you dont want to do first G. Instead of telling yourself to work out for an hour, say youll g
44、o for 10 minutes 第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分55分)第一节(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In the fall of 1968, I returned home from teaching Grades 1 through 3 in Newfoundland to teach Grades 1 and 2 in southern Manitoba. I felt the best way for my Prairie students to imp
45、rove their _21_ of life and culture on Newfoundlands northern island was to become pen pals with the students there. One way for the children to _22_ different cultures at the time was through writing, where asking questions could satisfy their _23_. For students to have someone other than their tea
46、cher read their letters was a great _24_ to write. The whole class in my Prairie school classroom had the _25_ to have a pen pal from northern Newfoundland. To set the stage, I introduced them to their pen pals using pictures and interesting _26_, such as the boy who came to school _27_ because thei
47、r parents were in charge of the lighthouse, or the little girls playing a circle game chanting, “A Tisket, a Tasket, A Green and Yellow Basket. ” There were _28_ of lobsters cooking on the wood stove for the evening meals and baby seals crying on the ice floes in spring. _29_ most of my students wer
48、e interested in the lives and _30_ of these Newfoundland children, the writing lasted only a short while, _31_ Eleanor, a Grade 2 student from the Prairies, and Lois, a Grade 3 student from northern Newfoundland. Eleanor and Loris wrote to each other from the ages of seven and eight _32_, and kept i
49、n touch for almost two _33_ before losing contact for a time. In 2003, I received an email from Lois, telling me that she had found Eleanor on Facebook and that they had _34_. “Yes, it was _35_ that I was to find Eleanor again,” wrote Lois. Eleanor remembered that it had been exciting to find a _36_
50、in the mailbox with her name on it. Later on, in their communication, they both _37_ what they had in common, including Christian faith, values and the love of writing. They _38_ stories of family experiences, dreams, children and professions. They were determined to keep in touch _39_ the 4,737 kil
51、ometers, different cuisine and traditions that separated them. Although they have not met _40_, Eleanor and Lois are still in touch via e-mail. Lois now lives in St. Johns, while Eleanor lives in rural Manitoba. 21. A. admiration B. awareness C. desire D. influence 22. A. experience B. remember C. e
52、xplain D. compare 23. A. demand B. needs C. curiosity D. expectation 24. A. encouragement B. qualification C. privilege D. reaction 25. A. honor B. record C. freedom D. opportunity 26. A. photos B. anecdotes C. movies D. conversations 27. A. by train B. by bike C. by plane D. by boat 28. A. tales B.
53、 blogs C. novels D. biographies 29. A. Although B. As C. When D. Since 30. A. districts B. habits C. surroundings D. hobbies 31. A. instead of B. except for C. in addition to D. as well as 32. A. rarely B. casually C. frequently D. temporarily 33. A. weeks B. months C. years D. decades 34. A. reconn
54、ected B. recovered C. retired D. resigned 35. A. amusing B. amazing C. awful D. abnormal 36. A. stamp B. gift C. newspaper D. letter 37. A. forgot B. missed C. tested D. recalled 38. A. appreciated B. shared C. read D. heard 39. A. beyond B. within C. despite D. beneath 40. A. in person B. on purpos
55、e C. at random D. in time 第二节(共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。After studying a group of healthy individuals for more than 10 years, researchers at the University of Texas _41_ (discover) that those who scored _42_ (poor) on five simple medical tests were 20 times _43_(likely) to
56、 develop heart disease than those with good results. The tests are not all standard, _44_ the results will give you a much better and earlier sense of your heart disease risk than the traditional _45_ (rely) on blood pressure and cholesterol levels. They can help you change your habits as _46_ (need
57、) to protect your heart for life. If you smoke, are overweight, have a family history of heart problems, or have any other risk _47_ (factor), ask your doctor about these tests. A standard, 12-lead electrocardiogram, also known _48_an EKG, is non-invasive, painless, and usually takes only five to te
58、n minutes. Its considered one of the best ways _49_ (assess) heart disease risk. Your doctor will place 10 small electrodes _50_ measure your hearts electrical activity on your limbs and chest and will detect any abnormal rhythms and other dangerous cardiovascular conditions. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 短
59、文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。With the environment pollution became more and more serious, everyone should act to s
60、ave the earth. To protect our environment, there are many things we can do it. First, it is of great important to raise the awareness of environmental protection. Addition, we can begin from very little things in your daily life. For example, we should not litter and spit or the garbage should be so
61、rted. Finally, more and more people should be involving in the activity. We should use recycled bags instead of plastic ones. And riding bicycles is good choice. Not only should we go green, what calls on us to use environment-friendly products, but also we should persuade more people around us to develop renewable resource. 第二节书面表达(满分25分)假如你是高三学生李华，请你写一封邀请信，邀请著名学者Gavin Black来学校开展主题为“关于中国传统文化对影视剧的重要影响”的讲座，内容要点如下：1.讲座主题：传统文化对影视剧的重要影响；2.讲座对象：本校学生；3.讲座时间：10月30日上午10点；4.讲座地点：学校礼堂。注意：1.字数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
