1、Unit 5Into the wildUsing language限制性定语从句(when/where/why)【语用功能】简单来讲,定语从句就是一个句子作定语,去修饰限定主句中的名词或者代词。定语从句是复合句中最常用的表达方式。【情境探究】观察下面的句子,研究句中黑体字在句中的功能:1.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.when为关系副词,引导定语从句修饰先行词_,且在从句中作_状语。the time时间2.He wanted to know the reason w
2、hy I was late.why为关系副词,引导定语从句修饰先行词_,且在从句中作_状语。the reason原因【要义详析】一、关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词先行词功能when表示时间的名词时间状语where表示地点的名词地点状语whyreason原因状语1.关系副词when引导定语从句时,先行词应是表示时间的名词,关系词在从句中作时间状语。*I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。*We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympi
3、c Games were held in Beijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。2.关系副词where引导定语从句时,先行词应是表示地点或抽象地点的名词,关系词在从句中作地点状语。*Id like to live in the house where there is plenty of sunshine.我喜欢住在那个阳光充足的房子里。*Finally,we got to a factory,where many mobile phones of high quality were produced.最后,我们来到一家工厂,在那里许多高质量的手机被生产出来。3.
4、关系副词why引导定语从句时,先行词常常为reason,关系词在从句中作原因状语。*Can you explain the reason(=for which)why you dont help him?你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗?*Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗?二、注意事项:1.表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时,定语从句可用关系代词引导,也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语时,应用关系副词;若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时,则应用
5、关系代词。*Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗?(when在从句中作状语)*Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗?(that或which作spent的宾语)*I dont know the reason why he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什
6、么没向他的好朋友求助。(why作原因状语)*I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。(定语从句中缺少宾语,所以用which/that,不用why)2.表示抽象地点的名词point,scene,situation,condition,case,stage其后面的定语从句常用where引导。*I will show you the point where you fail.我将指出你的失败所在。*There are some cases where this rule does not ho
7、ld good.在某些情况下,这条规则不适用。*He had to face the conditions where pressure was heavy.他必须面对压力很大的情况。【即学活用】选词填空(that,which,when,where,why)(1)I will never forget the days _ we spent together.世纪金榜导学号(2)I will never forget the days _ we stayedtogether.that/whichwhen(3)The reason _ he explained at the meeting wa
8、s not sound.(4)The reason _ he was late was that he missed histrain.that/whichwhy(5)Keep the book in a place _ you can find it easily.(6)This is the house _ was built by my grandfather forty years ago.wherewhich/that语法应用实践尝试用定语从句简要介绍你对于动物园的观点。1.动物园是人们了解动物的好地方。(where)2.有的人认为动物园能帮助保护动物。3.但是另外一些人认为动物园对
9、动物保护没好处。4.动物园提供的环境并不是动物需要的自然环境。5.我认为动物还是生活在大自然才好。Zoos are good places where people can know about the animals.Some people think that zoos can help the protection of animals.But others think that zoos do no good to animal protection because the environment in zoos is not the natural one that animals need.I believe that it is better for the animals to live in nature.
