1、江西省萍乡市湘东中学2022届高三开学考试英语试卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的 A,B,C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例： How much is the shirt? 19.15 B. 9.18 C. 9.15 答案是 C。1. What will the woma
2、n do first tonight?A. Go to a movie. B. Go to a concert. C. Finish her homework.2. What day is it today?A. Monday. B. Friday. C. Sunday.3. What is true about Sally?A. She will go to Asia.B. She met the man last night.C. She called the woman in New York.4. What does the man mean?A. John will come soo
3、n.B. They wont wait for John.C. They will stay up all night.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. An apartment building. B. A college campus. C. A laboratory.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作
4、答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. Who is the man waiting for?A. His friend. B. His sister. C. His wife.7. Where does this conversation most likely take place?A. At a concert. B. At a movie theater. C. At a supermarket.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. What does the man say about young people? A. They trust their pa
5、rents. B. They should be given more freedom.C. They dont respect their parents.9. What is the womans job?A. Shes a nurse. B. Shes a waitress. C. Shes a school teacher.10. How does the woman feel about her parents?A. They are strict.B. She respects them for their advice.C. She feels lucky that they a
6、re still together.听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。11. How did the man get the bike?A. He bought it. B. He got it as a reward. C. He got it as a birthday present.12. What does the woman think of dogs?A. She is afraid of them. B. She is fond of them. C. She is bored with them.13. What will the woman probably do next
7、 month?A. Go to England. B. Call the man. C. Look after Mrs. Smiths dogs.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14. Where will the speakers have a snack?A. Outside the church. B. On the top of the hill. C. At the car park.15. Where is the old church?A. Near the waterfall. B. At the foot of the hill. C. Behind the park.16
8、. How long will the speakers spend hiking in total?A. About two hours. B. About three hours. C. About four hours.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What kind of place is the speaker mainly describing?A. A famous restaurant chain. B. A local caf in South Africa.C. An unknown restaurant.18. What might you see when
9、 you go to the dining room?A. Forest. B. Fish. C. Real wild animals.19. What are the main dishes served with?A. Traditional drinks. B. Beautiful flowers. C. Cultural stories.20. How would the speaker like visitors to feel?A. Concerned about the environment.B. Happy with the delicious food.C. Willing
10、 to help the poor.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分,满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选预中选出最佳选项。ADespite the lack of new releases due to the outbreak of COVID-19, there was no shortage of good films in 2020. Weve rounded out the top 4 films. Check them out!SoulIn the first Pixar cartoon to have an Afric
11、an-American lead character. Jamie Foxx provides the voice of a music teacher who dreams of making it as a jazz pianist. But just after a successful interview, he falls down a manhole and finds himself in a soul world where human spirits are assigned their personalities. And things get even stranger
12、from there.NomadlandWhen Fern loses her husband and cant afford to live in a house, she packs her few belongings into a camper and drives off into the Nevada desert. She encounters a large community of senior citizens who have also been forced to live on the road, supporting themselves with short-te
13、rm- jobs along the way. What makes Nomadland unique is that while Fern is played by an Oscar-winning actress, nearly all she meets are real people who relate their own experiences. Written and directed by Chloe Zhao, the film is a combination of documentary and fiction.The Croods: A New AgeThe prehi
14、storic family from 2013s hugely enjoyable cartoon, The Croods, directed by Joel Crawford, makes a welcome return, so we can expect more crazy adventures and unusual animals. In the much-delayed- sequel, they meet another family, the Bettermans, whose advanced lifestyle and technology make the Croods
15、 look even more primitive than they did already. Theres conflict but they learn to appreciate each others differences.Wolfwalkers The years finest cartoon film comes from Cartoon Saloon, an Irish studio specialising in stylised hand-drawn 2D art. Its latest production is set in the mid-17th Century,
16、 when English soldiers are trying to occupy the wild woods. One hunters daughter meets with a girl wolfwalker and they make joint efforts to rescue the forest. Its a heartwarming story of friendship and an inspiring adventure about two girls finding themselves Wolfwalkers stands proud as new classic
17、.1. What is the film Soul about?A. pianists dream coming true.B. A musicians romantic journeys.C. A music teachers unusual experiences.D. An African-American actors success story.2. Which movie will you go to if you are interested in the wandering life?A. Soul.B. Nomnadland.C. The Croods: A New Age.
18、D. Wolfwalkers.3. In which column of the website could we read this text?A. Science.B. History.C. Entertainment.D. Medicine.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四部电影的情况以及大概故事情节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the first Pixar cartoon to have an African-American lead character. Jamie Foxx provides the voice
19、 of a music teacher who dreams of making it as a jazz pianist. But just after a successful interview, he falls down a manhole and finds himself in a soul world where human spirits are assigned their personalities.(这是皮克斯第一部以非裔美国人为主角的动画片。Jamie Foxx为一名梦想成为爵士钢琴家的音乐教师配音。但就在一次成功的面试后，他掉进了一个下水道，发现自己进入了一个灵魂世
20、界，在那里，人的灵魂被赋予了个性)”可知，电影Soul讲的是一位音乐教师的不同寻常的经历。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“When Fern loses her husband and cant afford to live in a house, she packs her few belongings into a camper and drives off into the Nevada desert. She encounters a large community of senior citizens who have also been forced to live
21、on the road, supporting themselves with short-term- jobs along the way.(当Fern失去了她的丈夫，无法负担住在房子里的费用时，她把她仅有的几样东西装进了一辆露营车里，驶向了内华达州的沙漠。她遇到了一大群老年人，他们也被迫住在路上，靠沿途的短期工作养活自己)”可知，如果你对流浪生活感兴趣，你可以去看Nomnadland。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Despite the lack of new releases due to the outbreak of COVID-19, there was no sh
22、ortage of good films in 2020. Weve rounded out the top 4 films.(尽管由于COVID-19的爆发，没有新电影上映，但2020年的好电影并不短缺。我们列出了四部排名靠前的电影)”结合文章主要介绍了四部电影的情况以及大概故事情节。可推知，文章可能选自网站的“娱乐”一栏。故选C。BMost teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has be
23、en coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of “Americas Top Young Scientist”.In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan,
24、 where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the citys primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into peoples drinking water.After two months research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Cal
25、led Tethys, after the Greek Goddess(女神) of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tet
26、hys potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.Later, Rao took on another social issue-drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adult
27、s before its too late. More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which uses artificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying(网上欺凌). When users type in a word or phrase, Kindly is able to pick it up if its bullying, and then it gives the option to edit
28、 it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees(被提名人) for TIME Magazines first-ever “Kid of the Year”.4. What gave Rao the idea o
29、f inventing the device Tethys?A. The incident of lead pollution.B The issue with drug addiction.C. The shortage of water supplies.D. The high cost of purifying water.5. What is Rao expecting of Tethys?A. Itll remove metal from water.B. Itll make it to market soon.C. Itll win her a higher prize.D. It
30、ll be fitted to cellphones.6. What will Kindly allow users to do?A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat.B. Input words into a computer automatically.C. Choose from secure social networking sites.D. Weigh their words before posting them online.7. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali R
31、ao as a young scientist?A. Ambitious and humble.B. Optimistic and adventurous.C. Talkative and outstanding.D. Creative and productive.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。青少年发明家Gitanjali Rao从10岁开始就一直在为解决世界问题而想出各种创新解决方案，本文介绍了她的三种发明和她所获得的荣誉。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the third grade, Rao was inspired t
32、o build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the citys primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into peoples drinking water.”（在上三年级时，拉奥目睹了密歇根州弗林特市发生的一件令人震惊的事情，他受此启发设计了一个
33、装置。弗林特市的成本削减措施导致一条被污染的河流成为该市的主要水源，人们的饮用水中铅的含量高得令人难以置信。）并结合文章下一段关键句“Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead.”（它被命名为Tethys，取自希腊的淡水女神。它附着在手机上，通过应用程序通知居民他们的饮用水是否含铅。）可知，铅污染事故使得Rao萌发出发明Tethy
34、s装置的想法。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.”（她目前正在与科学家和医学专业人士合作，测试Tethys的潜力，并希望该设备能在2022年投入商业使用。）可知，Rao希望Tethys能够尽快投入市场。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“When
35、 users type in a word or phrase. Kindly is able to pick it up if its bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.”（当用户输入一个单词或短语时，Kindly能够识别出它是否具有欺侮性，然后它会提供编辑或按其方式发送的选项。这给了他
36、们重新思考自己所说的话的机会，这样他们就知道下次该怎么做了。）可知，Kindly让用户在发表自己的话语之前，先衡量下他们的话语是否合适。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文中第二段“In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan”（在上三年级时，拉奥目睹了密歇根州弗林特市发生的一件令人震惊的事情，她受此启发设计了一个装置）描述Gitanjali Rao通过目睹的一场事故从而发明了一种装置可知，Rao是富有创
37、造力的；又根据她发明的“Tethys”,“Epione”及“Kindly”并结合文章第一段关键句“The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten.”（这个15岁的女孩从10岁起就一直在为世界各地的问题想出创新解决方案。）可知，她又是一个多产的发明家。故选D项。C“One of the reason I find this topic very interesting is because my mom was a smoker wh
38、en I was younger,” says Lindson-Hawley, who studies tobacco and health at the University of Oxford.By studying about 700 adult smokers, she found out that mom quit the right way-by stopping abruptly and completely.In her Study, participants were randomly(随机地) assigned to two groups. One had to quit
39、abruptly on a given day, going from about a pack a day to zero. The other cut down gradually over the course of two weeks. People in both groups used nicotine replacement, like gum or spray. They also had talk therapy(疗法) with a nurse before and after quit day.Six months later, more people who had q
40、uit abruptly had stuck with it-more than one-fifth of them, compared to about one-seventh in the other group. Although these numbers appear low, it is much higher than if people try without support.And the quit rates were particularly convincing given that before the study started, most of the peopl
41、e had said theyd rather cut down gradually before quitting. “If youre training for a marathon, you wouldnt expect to turn up and just be able to run it. And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, Well, if I gradually reduce, its like practice,” says Lindson-Hawley. But that wasnt t
42、he case. Instead of giving people practice, the gradual reduction likely gave them addiction and withdrawal symptoms(脱瘾症状) before they even reached the day, which could be why fewer people in that group actually made it to that point. “Regardless of your stated preference, if youre ready to quit, qu
43、itting abruptly is more effective,” says Dr. Gabriela Ferreira. “When you can quote a specific number like a fifth of the patients were able to quit, thats acceptable. It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it,” Ferreira says.People rarely manage to quit the first time they try.
44、But at least, she says, they can maximize the odds of success.8. What dose Lindson-Hawley say about her mother?A. She quit smoking with her daughters helpB. She was also a researcher of tobacco and healthC. She studied the smoking patterns of adult smokersD. She succeeded in quitting smoking abruptl
45、y9. What kind of support did smokers receive to quit smoking in Lindson-Hawleys study?A. They were given physical trainingB. They were offered nicotine replacementC. They were encouraged by psychologistD. They were looked after by physicians10 How does Dr. Gabriela Ferreira view the result of Lindso
46、n-Hawleys experiment?A. It is encouragingB. It is unexpectedC. It is impracticalD. It is misleading11. Take the idea of “a marathon” (Para.5) as an example to show that quitting smoking .A. is something few can accomplishB. requires a lot of patienceC. needs some practice firstD. is a challenge at t
47、he beginning【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】牛津大学的Lindson-Hawley的母亲曾经是一位吸烟者，因此他现在研究这一课题。通过研究700名成年的吸烟者，她发现逐步戒烟有可能会更能使人上瘾甚至出现脱瘾症状。而突然戒烟更有效。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的信息可得出Lindson-Hawley的母亲曾经是一位吸烟者，第二段中她发现她的母亲有效地戒烟了，而且戒地很突然、很彻底。A、B、C选项在文中都没有提及，属于无中生有选项。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第四、五句话，提到两组志愿者在戒烟前除了使用nicotine replac
48、ement(尼古丁替代疗法)之外，还使用nicotine patches尼古丁贴片(一种戒烟贴)。他们还在戒烟前后接受护士的talk therapy(谈话治疗)。结合定位信息及四个选项的意思，故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据文中第五段后半部分Dr. Gabriela Ferreira的引语部分，其中她提到“It gives them the encouragement, I think, to really go for it.”得知Dr. Gabriela Ferreira认为Lindson-Hawley的研究结果令人鼓舞，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段第2行以及上下文，
49、可确定本题在文中的定位信息处为“And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, well, if I gradually reduce, its like practice.”由此可以得知这些人的观点是逐步戒烟首先需要一些练习， A、B、D选项在文中都没有提及，属于无中生有选项。故选C。【点睛】4.C【解题剖析】此题属于推理判断题中的（4）根据事实细节，推断合理信息。推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，作出一定判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可是某几句话，但做题
50、的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理，也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理。也就是说，要做到判断有据, 推论有理, 忠实原文。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。答案需要从文章的第五段第2行以及上下文， And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, well, if I gradually reduce, its like practice进行推断。【答案定位】根据第五段第2行以及上下文，可确定本题在文中的定位信息处为“And I think people see
51、that for smoking as well. They think, well, if I gradually reduce, its like practice.”由此可以得知这些人的观点是逐步戒烟首先需要一些练习，【推理关系】题干Take the idea of “a marathon” (Para.5) as an example to show that quitting smoking .文章内容And I think people see that for smoking as well. They think, well, if I gradually reduce, it
52、s like practice.” 【答案】if I gradually reduce, its like practiceC选项needs some practice firstDThat people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the 4Tirst-nighf, effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend t
53、o sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect.Dr. Sasaki known as the“First-night” effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved.The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be af
54、fected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To ta
55、ke a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the universitys Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their bra
56、ins. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the
57、first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did.Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the
58、sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring peop
59、le from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.12. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?A. She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.B. She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.C. She got some idea from previ
60、ous studies on birds and dolphinsD. She conducted studies on birds and dolphins sleeping patterns.13. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?A. She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.B. She recruited (招募) 35 participants from her Department o
61、f Psychological Sciences.C. She studied the differences between the two sides of participants brains.D. She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects.14. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment?A. She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains.B. She
62、 recorded participants adaptation to changed environment.C. She exposed her participants to two different stimuli (刺激物).D. She compared the responses of different participants.15. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment?A. They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others
63、.B. They tended to recognize irregular beeps as a threat.C. They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps.D. They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones【答案】12. C 13. A 14. C 15. B【解析】【分析】这篇文章的主题和睡眠环境有关，在一个陌生的环境里，人们睡在陌生的床上通常会无法入眠，心理学家们将这种现象称之为“初夜”效应。本文围绕着睡眠环境和研究者的调查内容与结论展开叙述。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第
64、三段She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators (捕食者). This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. Dr. Yuka Sasaki先前对鸟类和海豚的实验中发现
65、动物在睡觉时左半侧大脑远没有右半侧大脑睡得深，这样可以使它们在休息时保持对捕食者的警惕，表明动物的大脑活动是不对称的，Sasaki好奇人类情况是否类似。可以得知对人类睡眠实验的想法来源于之前对鸟和海豚做的实验。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。该题定位句是最后一段“Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a differe
66、nt tone during the night.”。这句话提到Sasaki博士重新进行了一次实验，他让睡眠中的参加者听了两种声音，分别是“mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone”(定时响起音调不变的嘀声)和“irregular beeps of a different tone”(随机响起音调各异的嘀声)。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。该题定位句是最后一段“Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mi
67、x of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night.”。这句话提到Sasaki博士重新进行了一次实验，他让睡眠中的参加者听了两种声音，分别是“mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone”(定时响起音调不变的嘀声)和“irregular beeps of a different tone”(随机响起音调各异的嘀声)。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。该题定位句是最后一段She
68、worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.。得知Sasaki博士在实验中发现当人们在陌生环境中睡觉时，左半侧大脑保持清醒以警惕陌生环境，对随机发出的
69、嘀声有所反应将人们从睡眠中叫醒，并且同时会忽略定时发出的嘀嘀声。可以推断出人们会把随机发出的嘀声视作一个威胁。故选B。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many of us are hardwired NOT to ask for help. We think it makes us appear weak. We think people will say no. we think we have to do everything ourselves._16_. We have to
70、get over that, and theres how:Get over yourselfNo oneand I mean NO ONE-got anywhere alone. You cannot and should not do everything yourself. You are not, in fact, always the best person for the job, or the “only” person who can do it. asking for help is sign of strength, not weakness. Asking for hel
71、p clears space for you and frees your time and energy. _17_.Rebuild your thinkingRebuild what it means to ask for help from “I am a weak, incompetent loser” to “I am strategically allocating my time to focus on what matters most.” Dont focus on the fact that you cant do something or dont have the ti
72、me. _18_. Its a chance to connect, a chance to value a colleague, a chance to get something done faster or better, a chance to optimize your own time and talents._19_Asking for help is about tapping valuable resources to get the best outcome the most quickly with the fewest resources expended. Thats
73、 a fancy way of saying “get the right people for the job.” _20_. And the best way to do that is to know your colleagues, and proactively build relationships.A. Know your colleagues.B. Think about your colleagues.C. Your energy cant be wasted.D. Its a smart strategy.E. Its all about building the righ
74、t team.F. Instead, think about what you will gain from the ask.G. Whatever the reason, we dont ask for the help we need.【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E【解析】【分析】这篇短文介绍很多人天生不爱寻求帮助，我们应该学会克服这一点，不要自以为，重建想法，了解同事，积极地建立关系。【16题详解】考查上下文推理判断能力。根据本段介绍人们天生不喜欢求助，G项意思是：不管什么原因，我们都不需要我们需要的帮助。符合本段意思，承接上文。故选G.【17题详解】
75、考查上下文推理判断能力。本段标题是“别自以为是”，并且本段介绍寻求帮助是力量的标志，而不是软弱。D项意思是：这是一个聪明的策略。D项作为本段最后一句，符合语境，承接上文。故选D.【18题详解】考查上下文推理判断能力。根据上句意思，不要把注意力集中在你不能做某件事或者没有时间的事实上，并根据下文“这是一个联系的机会，一个机会去评价一个同事，一个更快或更好地完成某件事的机会，一个机会来优化你自己的时间和才能。”可知，该处要和上句意思是转折关系。F项意思是：相反，想想从这个问题中你会得到什么。符合语境。故选F.【19题详解】考查上下文推理判断能力。根据本段最后一句“And the best way
76、to do that is to know your colleagues, and proactively build relationships.”可知这一段是关于了解同事，建立关系。A项意思：了解你的同事。符合语境，作为本段的标题最合适。故选A.【20题详解】考查上下文推理判断能力。本段主题是了解同事，并且上文是说寻求帮助就是利用宝贵的资源，找合适的人做这份工作。E项意思是：这一切都是为了建立一个正确的团队。承接上文，符合语境。故选E.第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四
77、个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 For The Flying Classrooms second project, 11 of us from Tehran went to Tokhme-Baloot, a rural village in Ilam, one of the poorest provinces in the country. _21_ by the government, Ilam has a high rate of unemployment, _22_ and drug use. People there used t
78、o make their living by farming, but now this way of life is _23_ by constant famine (饥荒). The situation for children there is _24_. Boys who dont do well in school must start work after eighth grade and girls who dont do well in school stay at home doing _25_ or get married.Because our research befo
79、re the trip made us believe there were large _26_ around the village, we planned our project concept around oak (橡树) trees and squirrels to make the children _27_ the beauty of the environment._28_, when we arrived at the village, we saw that there were only flat, _29_ grass fields. Tokhme-Baloot wa
80、s far less _30_ than we had expected. The village had only gotten gas and electricity four years earlier, and it was sometimes _31_ in the winter. After we saw the village and the surrounding area, the best concept for the project that we could think of focused on the respect for _32_.We began worki
81、ng with the students. Children started _33_ the school equipment in bright colors. My colleague Zoya and I cut a dead branch into pieces and painted it to recreate a tree inside the school, as a symbol of nature _34_ by children, and on it we hung the squirrels and cranes. We left the school in brig
82、ht colors with objects to _35_ the childrens imaginations.Projects like ours are viewed _36_ by Irans government, and during our trip we were _37_ twice, once by the army and once by Basij, a paramilitary (准军事的) militia (民兵组织). They came to the school and talked to our groups founder about the proje
83、ct, questioning him about is _38_, who supported it, who our members were, etc. After the tip, we _39_ that The Flying Classroom might be stopped, but _40_, it wasnt.21. A. SupportedB. IgnoredC. CheatedD. Valued22. A. povertyB. influenceC. developmentD. increase23. A. usedB. coveredC. threatenedD. e
84、njoyed24. A. hopefulB. poorC. wonderfulD. strange25. A. homeworkB. cookingC. choresD. washing26. A. companiesB. factoriesC. forestsD. markets27. A. destroyB. appreciateC. forgetD. decide28. A. HoweverB. ThereforeC. BesidesD. Instead29. A. falseB. dustyC. poisonousD. rare30. A. developedB. visitedC.
85、knownD. polluted31. A. benefitedB. producedC. burnedD. interrupted32. A. warB. natureC. loveD. god33. A. dreamingB. stealingC. paintingD. borrowing34. A. praisedB. writtenC. createdD. saved35. A. limitB. inspireC. shareD. check36. A. skepticallyB. naturallyC. wonderfullyD. secretly37. A. sentencedB.
86、 killedC. interviewedD. rescued38. A. purposeB. resultC. incomeD. success39. A. hopedB. concludedC. pretendedD. feared40. A. secondlyB. fortunatelyC. unluckilyD. gradually【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. A 39. D 40. B【解析】【分
87、析】本文是一篇记叙文。为了 The Flying Classroom的第二个项目，我们从Tehran 来到Tokhme-Baloot，在Ilam的一个偏远的村子。Ilam被政府忽视，在这里它有一个高的失业率、贫困和吸毒。旅行之后我们唯恐The Flying Classroom可能被停止，但是很幸运，它没有。【21题详解】考查动词。句意：Ilam被政府忽视，在这里它有一个高的失业率、贫困和吸毒。A. Supported 支持；B. Ignored 忽视；C. Cheated 欺骗；D. Valued珍惜。这里指由于政府忽视管理。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词。句意：Ilam被政府忽视，在这里它有
88、一个高的失业率、贫困和吸毒。A. poverty 贫穷；B. influence影响；C. development发展；D. increase增长。失业必然导致贫穷。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词。句意：那里的人们过去靠农业谋生，但是现在这种生活方式被连续不断的饥荒所威胁。A. used使用； B. covered 覆盖；C. threatened 威胁；D. enjoyed喜爱。故选C。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意：对那里的孩子来说情况就是可怜。A. hopeful 有希望的；B. poor 可怜的，贫穷的；C. wonderful 极好的；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文可知，孩子们
89、是可怜的。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词。句意：学业不好男孩八年级之后一定开始工作，学业不好的女孩留在家里做零活或结婚。A. homework 家庭作业；B. cooking做饭；C. chores 零工；D. washing洗涤。故选C。【26题详解】考查名词。句意：因为我们旅行前的研究使我们相信有大片的森林，为了使孩子们欣赏到环境的美，我们在橡树和松鼠周围规划了我们的项目理念。A. companies 公司；B. factories 工厂；C. forests森林；D. markets市场。根据 we planned our project concept around oak (橡树)
90、trees 可知，作者原以为这里会有大片的森林。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词。句意：为了使孩子们欣赏到环境的美，我们在橡树和松鼠周围规划了我们的项目理念。A. destroy毁掉；B. appreciate鉴赏；C. forget忘记；D. decide决定。通过森林让孩子欣赏到环境的美。故选B。【28题详解】考查副词。句意：然而，当我们到达村子时，我们看到那里只有平地和落满灰尘的草。A. However 然而；B. Therefore 因此；C. Besides另外；D. Instead反而。根据上下文可知，与作者之前想得不一样，所以用转折。故选A。【29题详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，当
91、我们到达村子时，我们看到那里只有平地和落满灰尘的草。A. false 错误的；B. dusty充满灰尘的；C. poisonous有毒的；D. rare罕见的。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词。句意：Tokhme Baloot是远远低于我们预料的发展。A. developed发展；B. visited访问；C. known 知道；D. polluted污染。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词。句意：这个村庄四年前才有了煤气和电，在冬天有时候就中断了。A. benefited 有利于；B. produced生产；C. burned燃烧；D. interrupted打断。故选D。【32题详解】考查名词。
92、句意：我们看到村子和周围的情况，我们认为我们要专注于对大自然的尊重。A. war 战争；B. nature自然；C. love爱； D. god上帝。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词。句意：孩子们开始用鲜艳的颜色粉刷学校的设备。A. dreaming梦想； B. stealing偷；C. painting 粉刷，绘画；D. borrowing借。这里指粉刷学校的设备。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词。句意：我的同事Zoya和我砍掉一个死树枝，把它弄成碎片，粉刷它，把它变成学校的一棵树，作为被孩子们挽救的大自然的一个象征符号。A. praised赞美；B. written 写；C. created创
93、造； D. saved挽救，节约。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词。句意：我们把物品用鲜艳的颜色粉刷离开学校，激发孩子们的灵感。A. limit 限制；B. inspire鼓舞；C. share 分享；D. check核对。故选B。【36题详解】考查副词。句意：像我们这样的项目被伊朗政府持怀疑态度。A. skeptically怀疑地；B. naturally 自然地；C. wonderfully 极好地；D. secretly秘密地。故选A。【37题详解】考查动词。句意：在旅游期间我们被会见两次。A. sentenced审判；B. killed杀死； C. interviewed会见，面试； D
94、. rescued营救。故选C。38题详解】考查名词。句意：他们来到学校，和我们小组的创始人谈了这个项目。询问的目的是，谁支持它，它的成员是谁。A. purpose 目的；B. result 结果；C. income收入；D. success成功。故选A。【39题详解】考查动词。句意：旅行之后我们唯恐The Flying Classroom可能被停止，但是很幸运，它没有。A. hoped 希望；B. concluded 得出结论；C. pretended假装； D. feared害怕。故选D。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：旅行之后我们唯恐The Flying Classroom可能被停止，但是
95、很幸运，它没有。A. secondly第二；B. fortunately 幸运地；C. unluckily 不幸地；D. gradually逐渐地。没有被停止，所以很幸运。故选B。【点睛】在做完形填空时一定要注意and/but/so/besides/however/furthermore/moreover/in addition/whats more等词汇、固定结构的运用。它们连接了上下文，起着承上起下的作用。像but（但是）、however（然而），表示转折，这说明前后的内容相反或相对。把握住这一点，做起题来就会得心应手。本题第8小题，考查副词。A. However 然而；B. Theref
96、ore 因此；C. Besides另外；D. Instead反而。然而，当我们到达村子时，我们看到那里只有平地和落满灰尘的草。故选A。第三部分 英语知识运用第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。As the plane circled over the airport, everyone sensed that something was wrong. The plane was moving_41_(steady) through the air, and although the passengers_42_
97、(fasten) their seat belts, they were suddenly thrown forward. At that moment, the air-hostess presented. She looked very pale,_43_was quite calm. Speaking quickly and almost in a whisper, she informed everyone that_44_pilot had fainted and asked if any of the passengers knew anything about machines.
98、 After a moments_45_(hesitate), a man got up and followed the hostess into the pilots cabin. Moving the pilot aside, the man took his seat and listened carefully to the urgent instructions that_46_(send) by radio from the airport below. To everyones relief, the plane,_47_was dangerously close to the
99、 ground at the moment, soon began to climb. The man had to circle the airport several times to become familiar_48_the controls of the plane. The critical moment came when he had to land. The man,_49_(follow) the instructions, guided the plane toward the airfield, and it_50_(land) safely after a long
100、 run along the runway.【答案】41. unsteadily 42. had fastened 43. but 44. the 45. hesitation 46. were being sent 47. which 48. with 49. following 50. landed【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了飞机上的飞行员突然晕倒，紧急关头，一名乘客操控飞机成功着陆的故事。【41题详解】考查副词。句意：飞机在空中摇摇晃晃地飞行，虽然乘客们系好了安全带，但他们突然被甩了出去。修饰动词moving用副词，根据“they were suddenly thrown f
101、orward.”可知此处表示“摇摇晃晃地”，故填unsteadily。【42题详解】考查时态。句意同上。根据句意和语境可知，“fasten their seat belts”发生在“they were suddenly thrown forward”之前，也就是过去的过去，用过去完成时，故填had fastened。【43题详解】考查连词。句意：她脸色苍白，但很镇定。根据句意可知，前后是转折关系，故填but。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：她说得很快，几乎是小声地告诉大家，飞行员晕倒了，并问乘客是否懂得操控飞机。此处特指飞机上的飞行员，故填the。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：犹豫片刻后，一名男
102、子站了起来，跟着乘务员进入了驾驶舱。此处缺少名词作介词after的宾语，不可数，故填hesitation。【46题详解】考查时态语态。句意：这名男子把飞行员移到一边，自己坐在座位上，仔细听着下面机场通过无线电发出的紧急指示。instructions与send之间是被动关系，且是过去正在发生的被动动作，用过去进行的被动语态，故填were being sent。【47题详解】考查非限定性定语从句。句意：令所有人松了一口气的是，当时离地面非常近的飞机很快开始爬升。此处为非限定性定语从句，关系词指代先行词plane并在从句中作主语，故填which。【48题详解】考查固定短语。句意：这名男子不得不绕机场
103、转了几圈，以便熟悉飞机的控制装置。be/become familiar with熟悉，故填with。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这名男子按照指示将飞机引向机场，在沿跑道长距离飞行后，飞机安全着陆。分析可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，The man与follow之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词表主动，故填following。【50题详解】考查时态。句意同上。空处在句中作谓语，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填landed。第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分 35） 第二节 短文改错（10 分） 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误
104、，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删减：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Yesterday I went to see a film with my best friend. We set off at 1:30 in the afternoon and plan to arrive at the cinema before 2:30 so that we could w
105、atch the 3:15 show. The traffic was terrible bad. That made it even worse was that our bus broke up on the way. They stopped a taxi but rushed to the cinema, arriving ten minutes before the show. “Two ticket for 3:15,” Kate said, put the money on the courier. The film started at the moment we sat do
106、wn in the cinema. It was an exciting film and we had great time yesterday afternoon.【答案】1. planplanned 2. terribleterribly 3. ThatWhat 4. updown 5. TheyWe 6. butand 7. tickettickets 8. putputting/and put 9. 去掉at 10. great前加a【解析】【详解】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者和朋友去电影院路上堵车，公交车出故障，最后匆忙赶到电影院的故事。1.考查动词时态。句意：我们下午1:30出发
107、，计划在2:30之前到达电影院，这样我们就可以看3:15的演出。根据时间状语Yesterday可知是过去发生的事，与句中所给时态一致也用一般过去时，故plan改为planned。2.考查副词。句意：交通非常糟糕。此处修饰形容词bad用副词，指非常糟糕，故terrible改为terribly。3.考查主语从句。句意：更糟糕的是我们的公共汽车在路上抛锚了。此处是主语从句，指使情况更差的事，用what引导，故That改为What。4.考查副词。句意：更糟糕的是我们的公共汽车在路上抛锚了。此处表示我们坐的公交车出故障了，表示“出故障”用break down，故up改为down。5.考查代词。句意：我们
108、拦下一辆出租车直奔电影院，在开演前十分钟到达。根据I went to see a film with my best friend.可知我和朋友去看电影，此处指我们坐出租车去电影院，故They改为We。6.考查连词。句意：我们拦住一辆出租车，匆忙赶往电影院。前后句不是转折关系，是顺承关系。故but改为and。7.考查名词。句意：“两张3:15的票，”凯特说，把钱放在售票口。根据two可知是买两张票，ticket是可数名词用复数，故ticket改为tickets。8.考查动词形式。句意：“两张3:15的票，”凯特说，把钱放在售票口。根据句中逗号可知此处不是并列句，Kate和动词put是主动关系，
109、此处作状语用动词-ing形式，故put改为putting或and put。9.考查连词。句意：我们刚在电影院坐下，电影就开始了。the moment是连词，表示“一就”，后跟从句，that常省略。此处指我们一坐下电影就开始了。引导从句前面不加介词，故去掉at。10.考查冠词。句意：这是一部激动人心的电影，昨天下午我们玩得很开心。have a great time “玩得开心，过得高兴”，是固定短语。故had后加a。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Jenny想学习中文，给你发来一封电子邮件询问学中文是否很难。请你给她回一封信，简要介绍学习中文需要注意的事项，并表示
110、你愿意提供帮助。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【答案】Dear Jenny,Im glad that you are so fascinated with Chinese. As a language used by a large population in the world, Chinese has become more and more popular with foreigners. To study Chinese, you are advised to learn from elementary Chinese, like Chinese pin
111、yin and characters. Believe it or not, its grammar is quite similar to that of English, so there is no need to worry about it.However, just like any other languages, Chinese has its special characteristics, such as its tones and each Chinese character with its unique structure, making it harder for
112、foreigners to learn. So they may fall into a difficult situation, feeling discouraged, not knowing what it conveys. As your penfriend, I feel it a duty to offer my help whenever you meet with difficult language points while studying Chinese.Best regards.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友 Jenn
113、y写封信，介绍学习中文需要注意的事项，并表示你愿意提供帮助。【详解】1.词汇积累着迷：crazyfascinated 受欢迎的：welcomedpopular 担忧：be concerned aboutworry about难的：difficulthard2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：As a language used by a large population in the world, Chinese has become more and more popular with foreigners. 拓展句： Chinese has become more and more popul
114、ar with foreigners,which is used by a large population in the world,【点睛】高分句型1 However, just like any other languages, Chinese has its special characteristics, such as its tones and each Chinese character with its unique structure, making it harder for foreigners to learn.(运用了非谓语动词)高分句型2 As your penfriend, I feel it a duty to offer my help whenever you meet with difficult language points while studying Chinese. (运用了whenever引导的状语从句和while引导的省略句)
