1、Unit 1Festivals and CelebrationsPeriod 3Discovering Useful Structures语法精析课语法精讲透析动词-ing 形式作定语、表语【体验悟】阅读下面课文原句,分析动词-ing形式在句中的作用1.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.2.Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciti
2、ng festival for children.3.These lanterns are amazing.4.So its always an exciting time for me.5.I just cant take my eyes off the shining lights on the Christmas trees everywhere.【生成得】动词-ing 形式作定语_,_,_,_ 动词-ing 形式作表语_12453【研学析】一、动词-ing 形式作定语1.位置 如果是单个的动词-ing形式作定语,常放在被修饰词前作前置定语;如果是动词-ing形式短语作定语,则常放在被修
3、饰词后作后置定语。They lived in a house facing south.There is a swimming pool in our school.2.作用(1)表示名词的属性或用途,一般作前置定语。a reading room=a room for reading阅览室(2)表示名词的动作或状态,与被修饰词之间存在主动关系,相当于一个定语从句。a sleeping child=a child _ is sleeping 正在睡觉的孩子who【点拨迷津】在下列情况下,不能用现在分词(短语)作定语,应使用定语从句:(1)作定语的现在分词(短语)表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动
4、作不是同时发生,要使用定语从句。昨天来这里的那位教授将给我们做演讲。The professor coming here yesterday will give us a lecture.(误)The professor who came here yesterday will give us a lecture.(正)(2)现在分词的完成式having done 不能作后置定语,可以用一个定语从句代替,或者加上逗号以示分隔停顿和补充之用。十分了解情况的人可以有效地处理这个问题。The people having known the situation well could deal with
5、the problem efficiently.(误)The people who have known the situation well,could deal with the problem efficiently.(正)The people,having known the situation well,could deal with the problem efficiently.(正)【内化用】用所给词的适当形式填空。No one is allowed to speak aloud in the _(read)room.The man _(speak)to the teacher
6、 is our monitors father.(2019全国卷)When we got a call _(say)she was short-listed,we thought it was a joke.There will be more than three hundred scientists _(attend)the meeting to be held tomorrow.readingspeakingsayingattending二、动词-ing 形式作表语作用:(1)表示主语的性质、特征和状态,其作用相当于形容词,主语和表语不可换位。This book is so intere
7、sting that you cant put it aside once you start reading.这本书妙趣横生,一旦开始阅读就不能放下了。(2)具体说明主语的内容,即主语等同于表语,两者可互换。如:My job is teaching you English.(=_)我的工作是教你们英语。【点拨迷津】精点动词-ing形式作表语1.表示感情的动词-ing形式作表语时,表示“令人的”,此类动词-ed形式作2.表语时,表示“感到的”。2.动词-ing形式作表语如果与被修饰的词之间是被动关系,且强调动作正在进行就用动词-ing形式的被动式,即being done的形式。Teaching
8、 you English is my job.【内化用】朗读句子并指出黑体部分的句法功能。The story he told us just now is very interesting.()There were many people waiting for buses in the waiting room.()语法填空What I am tired of is _(wait)here alone.Watching a football match is very _(excite).表语定语waitingexciting常温故勤总结动词-ing 形式作定语,表示属性或用途;也可说明其动
9、作,正在进行且主动。动词-ing 形式作表语,本质就是形容词;如若说明其内容,主语表语可互换。.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Her job is _(keep)the lecture hall as clean as possible.2.The experiment they carried out was an _(amaze)success.3.I didnt see anyone _(take)away your paper.It might have been blown by the wind.4.During the days _(come)well make good prepa
10、rations for the sports meeting.5.My favorite sport is _(play)football while his is playing basketball.课时素养达标keepingamazingtaketo comeplaying6.Encouraged by the professor _(make)a speech,we should work hard to make contributions to our country.7.He walked around stiffly carrying a _(walk)stick,lost i
11、n thought.8.These words were _(move),voicing the common feeling deep in the hearts of all the people.9.After the earthquake,several persons were _(miss).10.He gave us an _ speech.We were all _.(inspire)makingwalkingmovingmissinginspiringinspired.完成句子1.My hobby is _(读书),which makes me lead a very hap
12、py and very full2.life.2.Mr Song from Beijing University gave us some advice on _(学习方法).3.The girl _(正站在大树底下的)is my sister.readinglearning methodsstanding under the big tree4.My job is _(教你们游泳)which is beneficial to your health.5.Tom often _(在图书馆学习)has made great progress.6.The plan _(正在被讨论的)will be
13、 taken into practice next year.teaching you swimmingstudying in the librarybeing discussed.语法填空The other day I finished my homework and went out 1._(play).There were many people 2._(walk)in the street.3._(sudden),I thought of a good idea:I would act a sick person with 4._ walking stick to make a foo
14、l of others.Coincidently,Mary was just there 5._(wait)for somebody.When she saw me,she asked what was the matter with me and thenburst out 6._(laugh).She told me she went to visit the museum 7._(build).8._ the way she saw poor people 9._(sleep)in the street and begging for food,10._ astonished us ve
15、ry much.At last,I decided to help them.1.【解析】to play。考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式作目的状语。2.【解析】walking。考查非谓语动词。此处people与walk之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故用现在分词形式。3.【解析】Suddenly。考查副词。单独作状语用副词形式。4.【解析】a。考查冠词。a walking stick 表示“一根拐杖”。5.【解析】waiting。考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词短语的形式表示过去正在进行的动作。6.【解析】laughing。考查固定搭配。burst out doing sth.固定搭配,表示“突然起来”。7.【解析】being built。考查非谓语动词。build 与被修饰词museum是逻辑上的动宾关系,且表示正在进行。8.【解析】On。考查介词。on the way固定短语,表示“在路上”。9.【解析】sleeping。考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词形式作宾语补足语,表示主动且动作正在进行。10.【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。引导非限制性定语从句且指物,故填which。
