1、Module 6 Old and New一、语基必备知识(一)重点词汇分类记忆.阅读词汇在不认识的词汇前划canal n. civil adj.cliff n. dam n.gorge n. structure n.reservoir n. terminal n. relic n. site n.generate vt. global adj.ridiculous adj. enormous adj.crash vi.核心词汇写其形1date vi. 始于 (某一历史时期)2poem n. 诗；诗歌 3remove vt. 迁移；搬迁.拓展词汇通其变1accommodate vt.容纳(乘客等
2、)accommodation n住宿2construct vt.建造；建设construction n建造；建设；建筑3history n历史historical adj.历史的；有关历史的_historic adj.有历史意义的4narrow adj.狭窄的 v变窄narrowly adv.狭窄地；勉强地5freeze v结冰freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的frozen adj.冷冻的；冻坏的6fog n雾foggy adj.有浓雾的1.“冷暖”知多少freezing冷冰冰的icy 冰冷的cold 寒冷的hot 热的cool 凉的warm 温暖的2.“诗歌”家族poem诗；诗歌po
3、etry 诗歌(总称)rhyme 韵律诗poet 诗人poetic 诗歌的.3.表示天气情况的常见形容词foggy有浓雾的rainy 下雨的snowy 下雪的cloudy 多云的windy 有风的 (二)重点短语记牢用活1date_from起源于2dream_of/about 梦想；渴望3hold_back 阻止4come_true (梦想等) 变成现实5make_sense 有意义；有道理6bring_an_end_to 结束；终止1.dream相关短语大阅兵dream of/about梦想dream a .dream 做梦dream away time 虚度光阴go to ones dre
4、ams 进入梦乡dream up 虚构出2.“v.back”短语全接触hold back阻止；抑制get back 返回；取回give back 归还；送回pay back 偿还(借款等)ring back 回电话 (三)重点句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：It takes/took (sb.) some time to do sth.(某人)花费多长时间做某事It_took_six_years_to_build and cost US $20 billion. 它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。句型2：Is it possible (for sb.) to do sth.？(某
5、人)有可能做某事吗？Is_it_possible_to_see the relics now that they have been submerged？既然这些遗迹都已被淹没，还有可能再看到它们吗？二、语境强化训练.语境填词根据提示写出该词的适当形式A根据汉语提示写出下列单词1The plane crashed(撞上) into the mountain, but luckily the pilot survived.2Fathers have an enormous(巨大的) effect on their childrens personalities and chances of ma
6、rital happiness.3We need to hold back global(全球的) warming and prepare for its outcome.4It is difficult to travel through the town on a foggy(有浓雾的) morning.5The workers are busy with the construction(建造) of the new airport.B根据所给单词写出适当形式6The needle treatment dating(date) from the ancient times has cur
7、ed many diseases.7The news that he was admitted to a key university removed(remove) his parents trouble. 8.The Great Wall of China is one of the largest manmade structures(structure) ever built. 9He is writing a historical(history) novel about nineteenthcentury France.10After the flood, the first th
8、ing the local government did was to provide accommodation(accommodate) for the homeless families. .语境品词写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义1(2019全国卷) In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment which is created for them.历史的2(上海卷)After the TV station moved into new accommodation，its operation
9、 seemed to be less satisfying.工作场所.选词成篇date from; of all time; dream of; hold back; come trueLi Hua has always 1.dreamed_of being admitted to Tsinghua University, which 2.dates_from the 1910s. Now his dream has e_true. He is so excited that he cant 4.hold_back his happy tears.now that; make sense; b
10、ring an end to; be on a visit to; of great importanceYour opinion is 5.of_great_importance to the matter. But 6.now_that the decision has been made, it 7.makes no sense to argue about it any more. So we should 8.bring_an_end_to the meaningless dispute. .完成语段1It_took_John_a_long_time_to_acquire_the_s
11、kills(掌握技能花了约翰很长时间) he needed to become a professional artist. 2.It_is_possible_that(很有可能) he will become a famous artist. What kind of future do you think he will have? daten日期；时代；约会v加日期于；始于(某一历史时期)；属于(某时期) 基础练习单句语法填空a.The old town dates(date) back to the late seventeenth century. bDating(date) bac
12、k to 300 years ago, the stone house is wellpreserved.a.(天津卷) The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published.bI have had many books on literature to date, but none of them are up to date.c. As far as I know, they have set the date for their next impor
13、tant meeting.能力提升句式升级(普通表达) The festival is held in November every year.It dates back to the Ming Dynasty to celebrate the harvest in autumn.(高级表达)The festival dating_back_to_the_Ming_Dynasty_to_celebrate_the_harvest_in_autumn_is_held_in_November_every_year(分词作定语) (1)date from/back to始于；追溯到(2)out of
14、 date 过时的；陈旧的up to date 最新式的；现代的to date (so far) 迄今；至今；到目前为止fix/set a date for 确定的日期 佳句背诵 There are many old trees in our school, each dating from about 100 years ago.我们学校有许多老树，每棵都是大约100年前的。名师点津 date back to/date from常用于一般现在时，不用于被动语态。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。词块助记date back to the 15th century追溯到15世纪date from t
15、he Ming Dynasty 始于明朝 removevt.移动；开除；除去；取消vi.迁移；搬家一词多义写出下列句中remove的含义(2019江苏卷)What has led many governments to remove necessary regulations？除去(2017浙江卷6月)Sixteen years earlier, Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring to cook a meal.摘掉We tried to remove his doubt and let him tell the truth.打消Three childr
16、en were removed from the school for bad behaviours yesterday.开除能力提升句式升级(普通表达)What you said has completely removed my doubts.(高级表达)What you said has_had_my_doubts_removed completely. (have宾语宾补)remove.from.把从移开remove from.to. 从搬迁到 佳句背诵 This charming cottage dates back to the 15th century and its new g
17、arden which is used to remove stress from our lives is under construction. 这所美丽的村舍是15世纪时的建筑，它的新的花园正在建设中，以供人们用来消除日常生活的压力。词块助记remove ones doubt/trouble消除某人的疑虑/烦恼remove sb.from school/office 开除/免职某人 hold back阻挡；克制(情感、情绪等)；隐瞒基础练习单句语法填空(湖南卷)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was
18、 held back thankfully by the shop window.His car was held up in the traffic jam, so he was late for the party.We thought of selling the old furniture. But weve decided to hold on to it. It might be valuable.(重庆卷) Id thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was re
19、ally unbearable. hold up起；支持住；使停顿，耽误hold out 继续；坚持；忍耐；伸出hold on (打电话时用语)请等一下，不要挂；坚持hold on to 抓住；坚持，不放弃 佳句背诵 She held back from telling him what she thought of him.她想把自己对他的看法告诉他，但又觉得难以启齿。 make sense讲得通；有意义；有道理基础练习单句语法填空(天津卷)See, your computer has broken down again！It doesnt make sense to_buy(buy) th
20、e cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.There is no sense in complaining(complain). We should take action now.In no sense should you lose heart; keep trying and your effort will pay off in time.能力提升词汇升级(普通表达) It is necessary to explain your theory at length, otherwise the audience wo
21、nt understand what you are trying to get across. (高级表达) It is necessary to explain your theory at length, otherwise the audience wont make_sense_of what you are trying to get across. (1)make sense of了解的意义，懂得it makes sense to do sth.做某事有意义(2)in a sense 从某种意义上说in no sense 决不(用在句首时，句子用部分倒装)(3)There is
22、no sense in (doing) sth.(口语)(做)某事是没有意义的。 词块助记common sense常识a sense of direction/humour/duty 方向感/幽默感/责任感a sense of belonging 归属感a sense of loss 失落感the sense organs 感觉器官the sense of sight/hearing/taste/touch 视/听/味/触觉It takes/took (sb.) some time to do sth.(某人)花费多长时间做某事 (教材原句)It took six years to build
23、 and cost US $20 billion.它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。基础练习单句语法填空a.(2019全国卷) It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to_start(start) working, and thats plenty of time for your skin to absorb a days worth of Vitamin D.b(湖南卷)We have been prepared to do whatever it takes to_save(save) her life.I remember back
24、 in high school I spent most of my day at school coaching(coach) a team sport.(2019天津卷)I was ready to pay for my bananas at the grocery one night, when fear seized me.能力提升完成句子昨天我花了十分钟和店主讨价还价，最终我花了10元钱买了本书，而同一本书只花了汤姆5元钱。Yesterday, it_took_me_ten_minutes_to_bargain with the shop owner and I finally pa
25、id_ten_yuan_for_the_book,_while the same book only cost_Tom_five_yuan作为一名刚毕业的学生，他不知道在这里创业需要什么。As a new graduate, he doesnt know what_it_takes_to_start_a_business here. (1)It takes/took courage/patience .to do sth.做某事需要勇气/耐心(2)sb.spend time/money on sth./(in) doing sth. 某人花费多少时间/金钱在某物上/做某事(3)(doing)
26、sth.cost sb.time/money (做)某事花费某人多少时间/金钱(4)sb.pay sb. some money for sth. 某人为某事/某物付给某人一些钱佳句背诵 It takes hard work to make dreams into reality. Please remember: No one can achieve anything without effort. 实现梦想需要付出艰苦的努力。请记住：没有人能够不努力就有所成就。名师点津 cost表示“花费”时，其主语为sth.或形式主语it。cost也可表示“使某人失去”。pay和spend表示“花费”时，
27、其主语是人。维度一在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式1(2018天津卷)It took him a long time to_acquire(acquire) the skills he needed to become a good dancer.2The other day we paid a visit to an ancient church building in Rome, dating(date) back to the 12th century.3By learning how to protect the monuments, people will be able to en
28、joy this historic(history) site for generations to come. 4They had to bring the project under construction(construct) to an end because of their lack of money. 5With the misunderstanding removed(remove), the two old friends made it up happily.维度二在空白处填入1个适当的单词1Although her arm was badly hurt, the bra
29、ve girl held back her tears.2. Some states in the area have tried to bring an end to the war.3.I always dream of/about attending a normal university and becoming a teacher.4.But, in the long run, it is extremely difficult to make sense of the confusing information.5.As far as I am concerned, it is p
30、ossible for him to be equal to doing the job.维度三派生词练习1.The bridge is under constructionThat means it is being constructed(construct)2.It was so freezing that the cold weather froze the lake.And I was absolutely frozen(freeze)3.My car finally came to a narrow road, some part of which narrowed to only
31、 5 meters in width.At the moment, another car ran in my direction.It was running so fast that it narrowly missed hitting mine.How dangerous it was! (narrow)4.Its said that fog is harmful to our health, so we should wear masks on foggy days.(fog)5.If you cant find any accommodation(s) elsewhere, here
32、 is a room which can accommodate up to five people.(accommodate)维度四完成句子/句型转换1这些衣服现在看起来很时尚，但不久就会过时。The clothes look up_to_date now, but they will soon be out_of_date2既然你已经知道了真相，我就没有必要解释了。Now_that_youve_known_the_truth,_I dont need to explain it.3有史以来许多人都梦想着一个没有战争的世界。Many people throughout history hav
33、e_dreamed_of_a_world_without_war4The washing machine took us half an hour to fix.It took_us_half_an_hour_to_fix the washing machine.We spent_half_an_hour_fixing the washing machine.5It is said that he narrowly escaped being killed in the traffic accident the other day.It is said that he had_a_narrow
34、_escape in the traffic accident the other day.提能一语段填空(短文中黑体部分为本模块核心知识点，请补全短文，并背诵体会黑体部分用法)The city government want to tear down an old building dating back 1.to the last century to build an enormous hotel. Some people cant hold 2.back their tears because it means 3.bringing(bring) an end to a period
35、of history. Others think it 4.makes(make) sense to build the hotel, which will be able 5.to_accommodate(accommodate) up to 5，000 guests and widen the narrow street. At last, the government decided to have the old building 6.repaired(repair). Although it is 7.freezing(freeze) and sometimes it is fogg
36、y, it is possible 8.to_finish(finish) the project on schedule. Now the project is still under 9.construction(construct), and 10.itwill take the whole winter to complete it.提能二话题写作(用本模块词汇、句式和语法知识写满分作文)假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Tom在观看习近平主席的新年讲话后，发微信询问你家乡的情况，请按以下写作要点给他发微信：家乡始建于三百年前，有几个历史遗址，道路狭窄；发展为旅游胜地；道路变宽。1补全要点句(
37、黑体部分请用本模块所学词汇)我的家乡是个小山村，它始建于三百年前。My hometown is a small mountainous village, dating_back_to_three_hundred_years_ago尽管那里有几个历史遗址，但是仅仅有一条狭窄的道路通往村庄。Though there are several historical_relics there, it could only be accessible by a_narrow_road. 许多人搬迁到其他地方，而留在那里的人们一直梦想着过上幸福的生活。Many people removed_to_other
38、_places,_while those remaining there dreamed_of/about_living_a_happy_life. 在当地政府的帮助下，村民们花费了三年时间将我的家乡发展成了一个旅游胜地。With the help of the local government, it_took_the_villagers_three_years_to develop my hometown into a tourist site. 新路建设的完工，使得村民们能四处游玩。The construction of a new road has been completed, an
39、d that makes_it_possible_for_the_villagers_to_travel_around随着生活条件的巨大改善，村民们的梦想已经实现。As living conditions have been greatly improved，the_dream_of_the_villagers_has_come_true. 2升级平淡句用非限制性定语从句升级句The_construction_of_a_new_road_has_been_completed,_which_makes_it_possible_for_the_villagers_to_travel_around.
40、用“with宾补”结构升级句With_living_conditions_greatly_improved,_the_dream_of_the_villagers_has_come_true.3衔接成美文(注意用适当的过渡衔接词汇：fortunately, besides, most importantly)_One possible version：My hometown is a small mountainous village, dating back to three hundred years ago. Though there are several historical rel
41、ics there, it could only be accessible by a narrow road. Many people removed to other places, while those remaining there dreamed of/about living a happy life. Fortunately, with the help of the local government, it took the villagers three years to develop my hometown into a tourist site. Besides, t
42、he construction of a new road has been completed, which makes it possible for the villagers to travel around. Most importantly, with living conditions greatly improved, the dream of the villagers has come true. (建议用时：40分钟) .阅读理解A(2020黄冈高三联考)I started to work as an editor for a travel magazine. I did
43、nt really mind the work, but I wanted something more challenging. My sister sent me some details for a position in a startup. The job was a seemingly perfect mix of my skills and interests, so I jumped at it.However, soon after I joined the company, its model changed to focus on K12 education, and e
44、verything about my position changed. I was asked to take on the completely different roles of selling contents to teachers and training people. I had no experience in sales, training or education. On top of that, Im an introvert(内向的人)I felt more a little outside my comfort zone.I knew I wanted to gr
45、ow as an individual and make a serious impact on the company. I told myself that everything feels overwhelming at first and I should at least try. In a way, I felt like I didnt have a choice. I knew jumping out of the nest was the right thing for me, even though it felt pretty awful.I was fortunate
46、to be surrounded by very helpful people, both at work and at home. My boss never asked if I thought I could do it; she asked if I was interested in trying.I spent hours researching my companys products. I asked lots of questions and spoke to so many teachers that there were soon more good experience
47、s than difficult ones. I looked for opportunities to put in extra effort. The more I did, the better I felt.Over time, I discovered that the job was something I could do and liked doing. It was incredibly rewarding to see the company grow. I also learned its important to take risks and accept new op
48、portunities, even when youre not sure if youll do well. I dont think theres anything worse than failing to try. Im so glad I tried, and it surely paid off.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。“我”曾经是某旅游杂志的编辑，但“我”需要更具有挑战性的工作，所以“我”听从了姐姐的建议跳槽到了一家新公司。可是不久，这家公司的模式改变，内向的“我”被安排到了营销岗位。在老板的鼓励下，“我”不断尝试，努力工作，终于取得了良好的业绩。1Why did the
49、author want to change her job?AShe intended to challenge something new.BShe was paid too little at her old job.CShe followed her sisters advice.DShe got bored of her old boss.A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一、二句“I started to work as an editor for a travel magazine. I didnt really mind the work, but I wanted somethi
50、ng more challenging.”可知，“我”曾是某旅游杂志的编辑，虽然“我”并不介意这项工作，但“我”想要更有挑战性的工作；据此可知，作者想要挑战新事物。故A项正确。2How did the author feel after she entered the new company?AExcited.BCurious.CStressed.DComfortable.C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句“I had no experience in sales, training or education. On top of that, Im an introvert(内向的人)I
51、felt more a little outside my comfort zone.”可知，“我”没有销售、培训或教育方面的经验，除此之外，“我”还是一个内向的人，“我”觉得有点不自在；据此可推知，作者一开始感到有压力，故C项正确。3The author could finally handle her job mainly because_Apeople around her helped her solve the challengeBshe was hardworking and made a lot of effortCshe knew she would do wellDher b
52、oss trusted her to tryB解析：推理判断题。根据第五段的内容可知，“我”花时间研究公司的产品，向有经验的老师请教，并寻找机会努力工作；据此可推知，作者能驾驭工作的主要原因是她工作勤奋，付出了很多努力，故B项正确。4Whats the authors purpose in writing the text?ATo tell readers that failure is the mother of success.BTo warn about the risks and challenges when changing jobs.CTo expose risks and ch
53、allenges in a small and newly founded company.DTo encourage readers to take on challenges and turn risks into opportunities.D解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，“我”曾经是某旅游杂志的编辑，但“我”需要更具有挑战性的工作，所以“我”听从了姐姐的建议跳槽到了一家新公司；可是不久，这家公司的模式改变，内向的“我”被安排到营销岗位；在老板的鼓励下，“我”不断尝试，努力工作，终于取得了良好的业绩。“我”明白了要勇于尝试、承担风险、接受挑战的道理。据此可推知，本文旨在鼓励读者接受挑战
54、，将风险转变为机会，故D项正确。B(2020陕西部分学校摸底)While we may think it feels good to complain, complaining has some bad effects associated with it.Why isnt complaining beneficial? Research shows that it connects our brain with negativity. The brain is designed to work efficiently. This means that when we repeat a tho
55、ught, negative or positive, the nerve cells form a bridge between each other to pass information in a higher speed. Therefore, the next time we have a similar type of thought, it is more easily passed. This explains why certain thought patterns become habits.Yet the harmful effects dont stop there.
56、A study shows that complaining causes the hippocampus(海马), which plays a vital role in problemsolving, to become smaller.In addition to causing brain damage, complaining also releases a stress hormone: cortisol(皮质醇), a kind of chemical the body produces when we meet with some danger. Constantly havi
57、ng a high level of cortisol results in high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and lower immunity(免疫力)The ill effects of our complaining arent just limited to ourselves: they also involve those around us. We tend to mirror the moods of our friends. For this reason, we should be cautious about having
58、stubborn complainers in our circle of companions.The best way to deal with constant negativity is to develop a sense of gratitude. Just like complaining acts as a poison, gratitude acts as a medicine. Research shows it lowers cortisol levels by 23 percent, as well as reduces blood pressure and blood
59、 sugar. It also decreases tiredness and depression. Gratitude is the perfect cure for complaining, a behavior that steals our brain power, happiness and physical wellbeing.What have you observed about the effects of complaining in your own life or in the lives of others? Have you noticed that when y
60、ou are grateful, you feel better all round? Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.【解题导语】研究发现，抱怨与消极性密切相关，除了导致脑损伤，抱怨还会释放皮质醇，持续高水平的皮质醇会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力低下，而感恩却与之相反，会带来很多益处；人们在生活中要少点抱怨，多些感恩。5What do Paras. 23 mainly talk about?AThe diseases caused by complaining.BThe decrease of a vital p
61、art of our brain.CThe bad effects of complaining on brain power.DThe reason why certain thought patterns become habits.C解析：段落大意题。根据第二段第一、二句和第三段第一句“Yet the harmful effects dont stop there.”可知，第二、三段主要讲的是抱怨对人的脑力的不良影响。故选C项。6What can we know about cortisol from the passage?AGratitude is an effective cure
62、 for cortisol.BOur body produces cortisol when we feel excited.CCortisol is a chemical that can cause brain damage.DHaving a high level of cortisol can lead to many health problems.D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Constantly having a high level of cortisol results in.immunity(免疫力)”可知，高水平的皮质醇会导致很多健康问题。故选D项。7What a
63、ttitude does the writer take to stubborn complainers?AGrateful.BTolerant.CDisapproving.DSkeptical.C解析：观点态度题。根据第五段的内容尤其是最后一句“For this reason, we should be cautious panions.”可知，抱怨者也会对身边的人有不好的影响，因此作者认为身边有顽固的抱怨者时要小心，由此可推知，作者对抱怨者持不赞成的态度。故选C项。8Where can the passage most probably appear?AIn a newspaper.BIn
64、 a medical report.COn a website.DIn a radio program.C解析：文章出处题。根据最后一段最后一句“Please share your thoughts in the comments section below.”可知，本文很可能出现在一个网站上。故选C项。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Jenny was the only child in her family. She had a quarrel with her mother that afternoon and
65、 she ran out of the house angrily. She couldnt help weeping sorrowfully when she thought of the scolding from her mother. Having wandered aimlessly in the street for hours, she felt a little hungry and wished for something to eat. She stood beside a stand for a while, watching a middleaged seller bu
66、sy doing his business. However, with no money in hand, she gave a sigh and had to leave.The seller behind the stand noticed the young girl and asked，“Hey, girl, you want to have the noodles？”“Oh, yes, but I dont have money on me，”she replied.“Thats nothing. Ill treat you today，”said the man.“Come in
67、.”The seller brought her a bowl of noodles, and the smell was so attractive. As she was eating, Jenny cried silently.“What is it？”asked the man kindly.“Nothing. Actually I was just touched by your kindness！”said Jenny as she wiped her tears.“Even a stranger on the street will give me a bowl of noodl
68、es, while my mother drove me out of the house. She showed no care for me. She is so merciless compared to a stranger！”Hearing the words, the seller smiled，“Girl, do you really think so? I only gave you a bowl of noodles and you thanked me a lot. But it is your mother who has raised you since you wer
69、e a baby. Can you number the times she cooked for you? Have you expressed your gratitude to her？”Jenny sat there, speechless and numb with shock; she remembered her mothers familiar face and weathered hands.“Why didnt I think of that? A bowl of noodles from a stranger made me feel indebted. Why have
70、nt I thanked my mum for what she has done for me？”On the way home, Jenny made up her mind to make an apology to her mother for her rudeness as soon as she arrived home.Paragraph 1：Approaching the doorway, _Paragraph 2：A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. _One possible version：Paragraph 1
71、：Approaching the doorway, Jenny took a deep breath. Tired and sad, she sat down in front of the house.“Where might my mother be？”she wondered.“Is she really so angry with me that she doesnt want to show any care for me？”Again, the scene of the quarrel appeared in her mind. She remembered her rudenes
72、s to her mother, and she just realized that all the scolding from her mother was due to the fact that her mother really cared a lot about her. Tears rolled down her cheeks.Paragraph 2：A gentle touch on her hair called her mind back. She raised her head to see the familiar face and the worried eyes.“Here you come! Ive been looking for you，”came the tired voice. Jenny couldnt help but throw herself into her mothers arms.“Im sorry and thank you for all you have done for me.”She expressed the sincere apology and the great gratitude. Then she felt the hug tightened.
