1、Unit 4 Global warming.【立体记单词 快速识记】1._(adj.)胡乱的;任意的2._(n.)种类;范围3._(vi.)看一下;扫视(n.)一瞥4._(adj.)分布广的;普遍的5._(adj.)平均的randomrangeglancewidespreadaverage6._(vt.)拥护;提倡;主张7._(adj.)随便的;偶然的8._(n.)环境;情况9._(vt.)使恢复;使振作10._(n.)现象_(pl.)现象11._(n.)量;数量(形近词)_(n.)质量advocatecasualcircumstancerefreshphenomenonphenomenaqu
2、antityquality12._(vi.)趋向;易于;照顾(vt.)照顾;护理_(n.)倾向;趋势13._(vt.)反对;反抗;与(某人)较量_(adj.)反对的;对立的14._(n.)结果;后果;影响_(adv.)因此;所以tendtendencyopposeopposedconsequenceconsequently15._(vt.)陈述;说明_(n.)说明;说法;表白16._(adj.)平稳的;持续的;稳固的_(adv.)平稳地;持续地17._(n.)生存;存在_(vi.)存在statestatementsteadysteadilyexistenceexist18._(n.)贡献_(v
3、.)贡献;撰稿19._(vt.)消费;消耗;耗尽;吃完_(n.)顾客contributioncontributeconsumeconsumer【语境应用】用所给词的适当形式填空Many people do not believe the _of theghosts.Some young children doubt that there _allkinds of ghosts in the world.(existence)The storm _to hit our city,and we will observethe _of it closely.(tend)existenceexistt
4、endstendencyThe air conditioners of this type _too much electricity.Many _complain about this.(consume)Large _of information have been collected.(quantity)Most of us are _to the death penalty.(oppose)consumeconsumersquantitiesopposed.【多维练短语 查缺补漏】1._ 发生;造成2._上升;增长;升起3._即使4._大体上;基本上5._代表一方;作为的代言人come
5、aboutgo upeven ifon the wholeon behalf of6._忍受;容忍7._只要8.rather than_9.subscribe to_10.quantities of_11.result in_put up withso long as而不是同意;赞成;订购大量的导致12.be opposed to_13.keep on_14.and so on_反对继续等等【语境应用】根据括号里的解释,用恰当的短语完成下列句子The chairman signed the document _(standing for)the company.It was a pretty
6、good conference _(considering the general situation).on behalf ofon the whole_(on condition that)we have fair opportunity,we are likely to win the match.It is hard for me to _(tolerate or bear)the awful song.Can you tell me how it _(to happen,arise)that your parents dont allow us to stay together?As
7、/So long asput up withcomes about.【超级仿句式 模仿经典】1.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmerand that it is human activity that has caused this globalwarmingratherthanarandombutnaturalphenomenon.(There is no doubt that.毫无疑问;强调句)【仿写】毫无疑问,是老师的鼓励给了我继续学习的勇气。_gave me the courage to go on withmy stu
8、dy.There was no doubt that it was the teachersencouragement that2.Some byproducts of this process are called“greenhouse”gases,the most important one of whichis carbon dioxide.(the+形容词最高级+one+of+关系代词)【仿写】我们学校有很多帅老师,最受欢迎的是汤姆。There are many handsome teachers in our school,_.themost popular one of whom
9、is Tom3.It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long asyou are using itif not,turn it off!(as/so long as引导条件状语从句)【仿写】只要我们全力以赴,我们一定能赢得比赛。We are sure to win the match _.so long as we go all out.【必考重点单词】1.quantity n.量,数量【思维激活 试一试】单句语法填空Quantities of water _(need)for cooling inthe steel plant.ar
10、e needed【知识构建 记一记】(1)in quantity=in large amounts 大量;很多a large/small quantity of 大量的/少量的quantities of大量;许多(2)qualityn.质量(形近词)The cards are cheaper if you buy them in quantity.如果你大批量购买这些卡片要便宜些。【误区点拨 悟一悟】a quantity of+名词作主语时,谓语动词常用单数;quantities of+名词作主语时,谓语动词常用复数。(写作佳句)With more forests being destroye
11、d,hugequantities of good earth are being washed away eachyear.随着更多的森林被毁,每年有大量肥沃的泥土被冲走。As a result of destroying the forests,a large quantity of desert has covered the land.由于破坏了森林,大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。2.oppose vt.反对;反抗;与(某人)较量【思维激活 试一试】The parents strongly _ _ _ _there alone.父母极力反对女儿单独去那里。opposed their daught
12、er going【知识构建 记一记】(1)oppose doing sth.反对做某事(2)opposedadj.反对的;对立的be opposed to doing sth.反对做某事(3)oppositen.相反的人或事物adj.相反的;对立的Most company bosses say they are opposed toemployees working overtime.大多数公司老板说,他们反对雇员加班。【对接高考 做一做】完成句子(2017全国卷)Many farmers _because they feared that wolves would kill their fa
13、rmanimals or pets.许多农民反对这个计划,因为他们担心狼会杀死他们的农场动物或宠物。opposed the plan3.range n.范围;射程;种类;(山脉、房屋等的)排列v.变动,变化;排列【思维激活 试一试】It is important for students to make the most of theirdifferent learning environments and acquire _ _ _knowledge.对于学生来说,充分利用不同的学习环境,广泛涉猎知识,这十分重要。a widerange of【知识构建 记一记】(1)a wide range
14、 of 一系列;各种各样的in/within range在射程以内,在范围内beyond/out of range在射程外,在范围外(2)range from.to.在范围内变动range between.and.在和范围内变动The price of the house is well beyond our range.这栋房子的价格远远超过了我们能承受的范围。(写作佳句)He has a number of interests,rangingfrom playing chess to swimming.他的爱好很多,从下棋到游泳。【对接高考 做一做】单句语法填空(2018全国卷)Moreo
15、ver,with the stadium set up,a wide range _ sports events are able to be held,of which Pingpong,football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.of4.average adj.平均的;普通的;正常的;平常的n.平均数;平均水平;一般水准 v.计算出的平均数【思维激活 试一试】_ _,a powerful earthquake occurs less thanonce every two years.通常,强烈的地震每两年发
16、生不到一次。On average【知识构建 记一记】(1)an average of 平均有(后跟数词)on(the)average平均起来above/below average在平均水平以上/以下up to average达到平均数;达到一般水准(2)average sth.out算出的平均数To their great joy,their sons schoolwork is well above average.令他们高兴的是,他们儿子的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。【对接高考 做一做】单句语法填空(2017全国卷)Freddy was _ average student,but not a
17、n average person.an【要点拾遗】1.consequence n.结果;后果;影响【思维激活 试一试】一句多译The city was in ruinsa severeearthquake.由于严重的地震,这座城市变成了废墟。_ _ _ _ _ _in consequence ofas a consequence of【知识构建 记一记】take/face/suffer the consequences为结果负责(be)of little/no consequence 不重要的,无足轻重的(2)consequent adj.随之发生的;作为结果的consequently adv
18、.所以;因此He broke the law,and now he must face/take/suffer the consequences of his action.他违犯了法律,现在他必须为他的行为承担后果。Your opinion is of little consequence to me.你的观点对我来说不重要。【对接高考 做一做】(2013福建高考)_a consequence,childrenbecome so reliant on their parents that they have noindependent thought or creative ideas.(填
19、空)As2.state vt.陈述;说明n.状况;状态;国家;政府【思维激活 试一试】It is important to keep you in good state of mind.(改错)_good前加a【知识构建 记一记】(1)in a state of.在情况下in a good/bad state状况良好/不好a state of mind心态(2)It is/was stated that.据称It was stated that he had never seen the man.据称他从未见过那个男子。【误区点拨 悟一悟】(1)state表示“状态,状况,情况”时常用单数,常
20、指人或事物存在的情况,或在某一阶段的性质与形式,并通常与冠词a连用,在不定冠词前用介词in。(2)state表示“国家”时,侧重政体,即政治独立的国家,可指其政府,也可指国家的一部分“州;邦”。【明晰异同 辨一辨】state表示特定时间的状况,强调状态condition强调暂时的环境或形势对目前情况的影响;与形容词连用时,尤指人或事物的外观、品质或工作状况,强调条件situation 多指被放置或设置的情况,可用于特定的、个别的或引起兴趣的环境,强调处境3.circumstance n.环境;情况【思维激活 试一试】_ _ _,it seemed better not totell him a
21、bout the accident.在这种情况下,不告诉他有关这次事故的情况似乎更好。Under the circumstances【知识构建 记一记】in/under the circumstances 在这种情况下;情况既然如此in/under no circumstances决不,无论如何都不Under no circumstances will her parents allow her tomarry such a selfish man.无论如何她的父母都不会让她跟这样自私的人结婚。【对接高考 做一做】(2015福建高考)We should stick to our dreams_
22、 _ _.任何情况下,我们都应该坚持我们的梦想。under any circumstances【即学即练】.用所给词的适当形式填空1.After they had been _(refresh)by a goodsleep,the travelers marched on.2.The manager _(tend)to become angry whenothers disagree with him.refreshedtends3.Chairman Xi Jinping _(state)that China and Russia were developing a strong relati
23、onship.4.Tom was caught cheating in an important exam._(consequent),he lost a golden chance of taking part in this competition.statedConsequently.完成句子1.关于宇宙是如何产生的,科学家们有很多理论。Scientists have many theories about how the universe_.2.人们在家而不是在办公室工作的趋势呈现增长。There is _for people to work athome instead of in
24、offices.came into existencea growing tendency3.这个地区每年夏天雨量都很大。There are _in the area every summer.4.他试图使人听起来漠不关心,但事实上他很担心。He tried to _,but in fact he was worried.large quantities of rainsound casual.【热考短语句式】e about 发生;造成【思维激活 试一试】单句语法填空Can you tell me how the accident came _?about【知识构建 记一记】(1)How di
25、d it come about that.?某事是怎么发生的?(2)come across邂逅,偶遇;被理解,被弄懂come on快点;加油;得了吧come out出版;开花;显露come to合计,共计;结果达到;恢复知觉come up走近;上来;发生;被提及come up with提出(答案、办法等)Ill never understand how it came about that you were an hour late on such a short journey.我真不明白这么短的路程你怎么会迟到一个小时。【拓展延伸】“发生”种种 come about“发生,产生”,通常与h
26、ow连用happen“发生”,指偶然的、意外的事情发生take place“发生”,指事件或事故的发生在预料中,进而引申为按计划“进行,举行”break out 指战争、火灾、疾病等的“突然发生,爆发”2.Somebyproductsofthisprocessarecalled“greenhouse”gases,the most important one of whichis carbon dioxide.这个(升温)过程的一些副产品就被称为“温室”气体,其中最重要的是二氧化碳。【思维激活 试一试】仿写句子Some effective measures should be taken to
27、keep ourliving environment from getting worse,_.应采取有效措施防止生存环境进一步恶化,其中最重要的措施就是限制私家车的使用。the mostimportant one of which is to limit the use of privatecars【知识构建 记一记】the most+adj.+one of+which/who.其中最的,介词+关系代词前有序数词或形容词最高级时,介词选用of,一般在句中作主语。Here are many cartoons,the most interesting one of which is Pleasa
28、nt Goat and Big Big Wolf.这里有很多卡通片,其中最有趣的是喜羊羊与灰太狼。【要点拾遗】1.put up with忍受;容忍【思维激活 试一试】Im not going to _ _ _their smoking anylonger.我再也不能容忍他们抽烟了。put up with【知识构建 记一记】put up 举起;搭建;张贴 put out 扑灭;出版put on穿上;上演put off 推迟;让下车put away收起来;攒钱 put forward 向前移动;提出Encourage children to put away some of their pocke
29、t money to buy Christmas presents.应当鼓励孩子们省下一部分零花钱来买圣诞礼物。Hes useless at DIY.He wont even put up a shelf.他自己动手能力太差,甚至连搭个架子都不会。【对接高考 做一做】(2011新课标全国卷)I can put up with the housebeing untidy,but hate it if its not clean.译:_我可以容忍房间乱,但讨厌房间里不干净。【拓展延伸】“忍受”的表达法:bear,stand,endure2.on the whole大体上;基本上【思维激活 试一试】
30、_ _ _,life today is much better than that inthose days.总的说来,如今的生活比那时候的生活好多了。On the whole【知识构建 记一记】as a whole 作为一个整体,整体看来,整体来说,总体上in general通常;笼统地I analyzed his words as a whole.我把他的言论作为一个整体来分析。In general,Chinas painting was flowering after the Han Dynasty.一般来说,中国的绘画在汉朝之后就成熟起来。【对接高考 做一做】(2015广东高考)_th
31、e whole,our population isgetting older.(介词填空)On3.on behalf of代表一方;作为的代言人【思维激活 试一试】On behalf _ everyone here,I wish you a happyjourney.(语法填空)of【知识构建 记一记】on sb.s behalf 代表一方stand for.代表The English teacher cant be here today,so Imgoing to speak on his behalf.今天英语老师不能来,所以我将代表他发言。【误区点拨 悟一悟】on behalf of s
32、b.=on sb.s behalf(其中on也可用in来替换),还可表示“因为某人;为了某人(的利益);为了帮助某人”。【对接高考 做一做】(2015天津高考)As the president of the StudentUnion,I want to talk with you about the donation ofbooks _ _ _my school.作为学生会主席,我想代表学校和你谈谈捐书的事情。on behalf of(2014陕西高考)On behalf of our school,I would like to express our warm welcome to you
33、.译:_我代表我们学校向你表示热烈的欢迎。【即学即练】题组练习1.用put相关短语填空He found it difficult to _his fatherscriticism.We just managed to _the fire _before any realdamage was caused.put up withputoutNever _till tomorrow what may be done today.I will _that _in my notebook,so that I shall not forget it.put offputdown2.用come相关短语填空
34、Ill let you know if anything _.She _a good idea for increasing sales.Her best qualities _in a crisis.Pour some water on his face and hell _himself es upcame up withcome outcome to.教材与语法填空根据课文内容,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Many scientists like Dr.Janice Foster believe that people have caused the increas
35、e in the earths temperature 1._burning fossil fuels like coal,natural bygas and oil to produce energy whose byproducts 2._(call)“greenhouse”gases,the most important one being carbon dioxide.These gases trap heat 3._the sun and therefore warm the earth,without 4._the earth 5._(be)about thirty-three d
36、egrees Celsius cooler than it is.But an increased arecalledfromwhichwould beamount of carbon dioxide 6._(mean)that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere 7._(cause)the global temperature to go 8._.meanscausingupOn 9._other hand,scientists like George Hambley predict that any warming
37、will be mild with few bad 10._(environment)consequences.In fact,more carbon dioxide is actually a positive thing.theenvironmental.教材与短文改错根据课文内容,对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。I am doing a project on behalf of my school aboutglobal warming.Sometimes I felt that individuals cannot h
38、ave any effect at such huge environmentalproblems.Anyway,Im not sure where to start it withmy project.So I would love to get any suggestion.It issuggested that we took many measures.For example,we can buy things making from recycled materials.Planting trees is also good way.Important,we can askour f
39、amily and friends to work together with us.Wecan get your parents to buy products that are made tosave energy.Rememberingour contribution counts.答案:1.第二句的feltfeel。2.第二句的aton。3.第三句的it去掉。4.第四句的suggestionsuggestions。5.第五句的tooktake。6.第六句的makingmade。7.第七句good前加a。8.第八句ImportantImportantly。9.第九句yourour。10.
40、第十句RememberingRemember。.教材与话题写作 请根据以下信息写一篇关于全球变暖的短文。Step 1补全句子1.毫无疑问地球变得越来越暖和。_that the earth tends to become warmer and warmer.There is no doubt2.总体上,我同意人类的活动导致了全球变暖的观点。_,I _the view that human activities _global warming.3.号召人们关掉电器设备。Call on people to _.On the wholesubscribe toresult inturn off an
41、electric appliance4.如果可能的话,购买用回收材料制作的商品。If possible,buy things _.5.总而言之,众人拾柴火焰高,每个人的贡献都很重要。All in all,together,individuals can _and everyones contribution counts.made from recycled materialsmake a differenceStep 2词句优化6.用强调句加工句2_On the whole,I subscribe to the view that it is humanactivities that res
42、ult in global warming.7.用条件状语从句加工句3(只要他们不用)_Call on people to turn off an electric appliance solong as they are not using it.Step 3连句成篇There is no doubt that the earth tends to become warmer and warmer.On the whole,I subscribe to the view that it is human activities that result in global warming.It
43、takes great efforts to slow down global warming.For example,be educators and advocate theright way people use daily energy.Call on people to turn off an electric appliance so long as they are not using it.And if possible,buy things made from recycled materials.All in all,together,individuals can make a difference and everyones contribution counts.
