1、河北省张家口市宣化一中2020-2021学年高二英语下学期期初考试试题一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）AThe editor of the new Cool Camping Britain guide chooses some of his favorite new finds in England, Wales and Scotland. Cleadale, Isle of Eigg, Inner Hebrides Is this Britains most beautiful campsite？ From the grassy point looking seaward to
2、 the mountains, its not hard for campers to see how the island inspired The Lord of the Rings authors fantasy landscapes. The campsite itself is as wild and wonderful as its setting. Open April - September, from 5 per tent per night. Swattesfield, Thornham Magna, Suffolk Deep in the wilds of north S
3、uffolk, this seven-acre campsite has only been open for a few years, with two fields separated by a lake and surrounded by woodland. The position is perfect. Its a great place to do nothing but get into nature. You can put up your tent in the bottom field or the woodland beyond. Open Easter -October
4、, from 10 per tent per night. Pleasant Streams Farm, near St Austell, Cornwall This site, by a lake, is all about simple pleasures. Located in the former mining village, it has a summerhouse（凉亭）with books and games for a rainy day. There are many animals including pigs, hens, goats and ducks on the
5、farm and a pub just a 10- minute stroll away. Theres very little to do here, no bells and no whistles. Campfires are encouraged. Open Easter - September, from 10 per tent per night. Troytown Campsite, St Agnes, Isles of Sciily Its only campsite, Troytown, couldnt be in a more remote position. Isolat
6、ion is its greatest advantage - so bring plenty of books to read and dont expect a phone signal. But at least one of lifes necessities is available. Lying on the hillside overlooking the bay and near the island of the Gugh, it might just win the prize for best beer garden view in England. Open March
7、- October, from 7. 50 per tent per night,1. Which of the following is TRUE about Cleadale, Isle of Eigg, Inner Hebrides？ _ A. It has been open for a few years.B. A beautiful lake surrounds it.C. It offers the longest service.D. The rent of a tent per night is the lowest.2. Which place can you choose
8、 if you like a simple farm life？ _ A. Cleadale, Isle of Eigg, Inner Hebrides.B. Swattesfield, Thornham Magna, Suffolk.C. Pleasant Streams Farm, near St Austell, Cornwall.D. Troytown Campsite, St Agnes, Isles of Scilly.3. In Troytown Campsite, St Agnes, Isles of Scilly, you cant _ .A. contact others
9、by phonesB. view the bay from the hillsideC. get everyday necessitiesD. relax yourself by readingBThirteen, for me, was a challenging year. My parents divorced and I moved to a new town with my father, far from my old family and friends. I was terribly lonely and would cry myself to sleep each night
10、. To ease my sadness, my father purchased an old horse for me at a local auction. I named him Cowboy. Cowboy was undoubtedly the ugliest horse in the world. But I didnt care. I loved him beyond all reason. I joined a riding club and suffered rude comments and mean snickersabout Cowboys looks. I neve
11、r let on about how I felt, but deep inside, my heart was breaking. The other members rode beautiful, registered horses. When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse is judged on appearance, we were quickly shown the gate. No amount of preparation and love would turn Cowboy into a beauty. My
12、only chance to compete would be in the speed events. I chose the jumping race. One girl named Becky rode a big brown horse in the race events. She always won the blue ribbons. Needless to say, she didnt feel threatened when I competed against her at the next show. She didnt need to. I came in next t
13、o last. The stinging memory of Beckys smirks（得意的笑） made me determined to beat her. For the whole next month I woke up early every day and rode Cowboy five miles to the arena. We practiced running and jumping for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home totally exhausted. All of our har
14、d work didnt make me feel confident by the time the show came. I sat at the gate and sweated it out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the course and finish in first place. My turn finally came. I put on my hat, rubbed Cowboys neck and entered the arena. At the signal, we dashed towa
15、rd the first fence, jumped it without trouble and raced on to the next one. Cowboy then flew over the second, third and fourth fences like a bird and I turned him toward the finish line. As we crossed the line the crowd was shocked into silence. Cowboy and I had beaten Becky and her fancy horse by t
16、wo seconds! I gained much more than a blue ribbon that day. At thirteen, I realized that no matter what the odds, Id always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it4. The underlined expression shown the gate （paragraph 4）most probably means _ .A. told how to enter the aren
17、aB. shown how to make the horse beautifulC. removed from the competition earlyD. told to enter the timed-speed events5. Why was the writer not confident of victory？ _ A. He was an inexperienced rider.B. He believed he was unpopular with the crowd.C. He had not practiced enough.D. He thought his hors
18、e wasnt as good as the others.6. What did the writer learn from his experience？ _ A. Life can sometimes be unfair.B. Anything is possible if one tries hard enough.C. A positive attitude will bring success.D. One should not make judgments based on appearance.7. The best title for the story is _ .A. A
19、 Run to RememberB. A Horses TaleC. Neck and NeckD. A Difficult AgeCScientists have developed a new type of smart bandage（绷带）that can signal the type of bacterial（细菌的）infection its protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand. The traffic light system wo
20、rks just like this： Green means no bacteria or a low concentration of bacteria, yellow means drug-sensitive （DS） bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics（抗生素）and causes antibiotic release, and red means drug-resistant （DR） bacteria that need extra help to be wiped out. In testing the bandage on m
21、ice, the research team was able to successfully treat both DS and DR infections using the new method. However, the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement for professional personnel, and expensive instruments. Moreover, the abuse of antibiotics causes the accelerate
22、d process of bacterial resistance. Its easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations. Treatment doesnt have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis, and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity. Whats more, the person wear
23、ing the bandage gets real-time feedback on whats happening with the infection, if theres an infection at all. The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light, including photodynamic therapy or PDT. Weve been seeing quite a few upgrades to the tradition
24、al bandage in recent years, thanks to advances in science-like the nanofibre mesh that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out, speeding up the healing process. Then theres the novel bandage for treating bums, which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection. The more work t
25、hat a bandage can do while its protecting a wound, the better. Efforts to improve bandages continue and now weve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, but also tells the patient exactly whats going on too.8. What is the smart bandage mainly designed to do？ _ A. Avoid the use of antibioti
26、cs.B. Clear out harmful bacteria.C. Detect bacterial infections.D. Increase treatment options.9. What is the advantage of the smart bandage？ _ A. It saves much time and cost.B. It removes the risk of infection.C. It prevents the bacterial resistance.D. It improves doctor-patient relationship.10. Wha
27、t can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？ _ A. Traditional bandages are out of use now.B. More smart bandages will be developed.C. Progress in science calls for more research.D. People are urged to study medical science.11. What does the text focus on？ _ A. A successful test on mice.B. A colou
28、r changing bandageC. Sensing drug-resistant bacteria.D. Preventing abuse of antibiotics.DComedy and Psychology Earlier this year I did a part-time comedy course. The class was taught by Ryan, a professional comedian.I had performed a show, which wasnt originally meant to be a comedy. However, the au
29、dience laughed at my first joke, then continued to laugh throughout the routines that were meant to be serious. So it was the audience who told me I was funny, but I didnt understand why or how to control the comic （滑稽的） moments. So, I joined the course to learn. Turn off your editor that makes you
30、say the right thing and remember how to be a child, explained Ryan. Dont try to be clever. Dont try too hard to be funnyand knowing all about the theory of humor is unlikely to help you much. Just behave in a silly way. Thats what people want to see on stage.Ryan would help us loosen up by saying th
31、ings like, Wander around talking to others, but make sure that youre the lowest status person here. I d say that understanding the psychology of humor has actually helped. Recently I came across the book Inside Jokes： Using Humor to Reverse-Engineer the Mind. Its main idea is that any self-directed
32、intelligent system will need to correct its own fault. Theres a risk that the occasional error will be made. If this was boring or burdensome, wed be less willing to do it. However, evolution has made the process fun. Heres a joke in the book： Two fish are in a tank. One says to the other, Do you kn
33、ow how to drive this thing？ It works on the principle that we have started to imagine one thing-that the tank is the typical container people keep fish in-and, just in time, the following words tell us that our first assumption was wrong-its a heavy vehicle. For correctly figuring out the error, we
34、are rewarded with a pleasurable feeling. The joke is an efficient way of encouraging this natural reaction, and comedians have become experts in slightly touching this mental funny-bone in order to make us laugh. Ryan was right when he said that knowing the theory of humor wouldnt help us that much
35、as a comedy.During one exercise in the course, four of us were told to perform an opera. Susan and Caroline sang earnestly on either side of the stage, and I brought Henry to the floor, where we wrestled （摔跤） each other like out-of-control teenagers. The rest of the group was in uncontrollable fits
36、of laughter. As a performer, I ll never appreciate just why it seemed so funny. But the point is that I would never have written this on the paper. It was a joyous, found moment.12. Why did the author attend the comedy course？ _ A. He wanted to see how the theories worked in practice.B. He discovere
37、d he had some natural ability in comedy.C. He worried about how other performers would find him.D. He got unpleasant experiences when performing a comedy.13. Ryan required the people on the comedy course to _ .A. copy their favorite performanceB. imagine other people s reactionsC. help themselves fe
38、el comfortableD. behave in a more playful manner14. What is the purpose of the joke mentioned in Paragraph 4？ _ A. To discuss what humor brings about exactly.B. To give an example of another kind of humor.C. To prove the point about psychology of humor.D. To show why some people are funnier than oth
39、ers.15. What view does the author put forward in the end？ _ A. Visual humor is what appeals to people most.B. What people find funny is often unpredictable.C. Theories explaining humor tend to be mistaken.D. Learning comic skills proves to be a difficult task.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）Are You a Prisone
40、r of Perfection？ Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach？（1） _ Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you cant achieve the unachievable？ Understanding what drives perfectionism is the first step toward releasing this self-created anchor that keeps us stuck Shame and fear
41、 are often the hidden drivers of perfectionism. We believe that if we can fashion a perfectly polished personality, flash our intelligence, and perfect our humour, then no one can hurt us with criticism and well win respect and approval. （ 2） _ Politicians who display a desperate need to be right an
42、d refuse to acknowledge mistakes or uncertainty are often driven by a secret shame. They fear that showing vulnerability（弱点） will expose them to the accusation that theyre weak. They stick to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even when its obvious that the emperor has no clothes. Perfecti
43、onism keeps us leaning toward the future. Were constantly evaluating ourselves in order to do better.（3） _ However, if we cant relax and enjoy lighter moments, then we become prisoners of our perfectionism. We get painfully self-conscious and take ourselves too seriously. Sadly, we deprive（剥夺） ourse
44、lves of the simple pleasure of enjoying the moment and being ourselves. （ 4） _ We realize that failing at any enterprise doesnt mean that we are a failure. Without failures, well never learn from our mistakes； well never move forward in our lives. Those who succeed have made countless mistakes. The
45、important thing is to learn from our error, forgive ourselves and move on. Being human, perfection is impossible.（5） _ Releasing ourselves from the desire to protect our image, were freed to sail gracefully through our successes and failures-and enjoy our precious life. A. Do you hold an idealized v
46、ision that is impossible to realize？ B. A cure to perfectionism is to make room for our human shortcomings. C. Do you fear that others will be horrified by what you judge about yourself？ D. The addiction to staying perfect protects us from any sign of being imperfect E. Theres nothing wrong with wan
47、ting to do our best and self-correcting along the way. F. People who are addicted to perfection are often isolated, even if they seem outgoing and popular. G. By accepting ourselves as we are and doing our best, we begin to rid the shame that drives perfectionism.16. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G17.
48、A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G18. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G19. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G20. A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G三、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30.0分）The challenge： Sail 30，000 miles around the globe, non-stop, alone. What could go wrong？Susie Goodall（1） _ it this week. She was a（n）（2） _ in the Golden
49、Globe Race which sends sailors from the coast of France around the earth. Goodall was 2，000 miles off South America when her boat was like a（3） _ man in a heavy storm and a broken bar knocked her（4） _ unconscious.She then activated the （5） _ system and a series of troubling （6） _ ， which recorded he
50、r happenings during the journey, were （7） _ to her Twitter account. Chiles Maritime Center received her （8） _ and soon ordered a cargo（货） ship to change its （9） _ to rescue Goodall. Meanwhile, all Goodall could do was wait-trying to keep her boat （10） _ in the waving South Pacific and pumping out wa
51、ter that was （11） _ into the damaged cabin（船舱）. When the Chilean ship finally （12） _ Goodall, employing a small boat to save her seemed （13） _ because up to13 feet waves, rocking both ships, would （14） _ the boat at any time. （15） _ ， crew members on board （16） _ a long thick rope from the ship, and
52、 pulled Goodall from her boat to safety. As luck would have it, the chosen method （17） _ .Goodall arrived at the Chilean port without any delay. On her Facebook, Goodall wrote： They were the hardest and （18） _ days Ive ever had. Actually, all I had wanted was a（n）（ 19） _ from my busy daily life. But
53、 out there in the sea, half the world from home, I might as well （20） _ home instead of taking the break.21. A. made up forB. gave up onC. dropped out ofD. found out about22. A. accountantB. participantC. instructorD. organizer23. A. homelessB. drunkenC. deadD. happy24. A. permanentlyB. completelyC.
54、 brieflyD. seriously25. A. emergencyB. operatingC. heatingD. insurance26. A. updatesB. questionsC. fantasiesD. thoughts27. A. attachedB. offeredC. postedD. restricted28. A. callB. warningC. signalD. reply29. A. systemB. courseC. subjectD. policy30. A. dryB. tidyC. stillD. steady31. A. leakingB. disa
55、ppearingC. floatingD. dropping32. A. rescuedB. abandonedC. passedD. reached33. A. obviousB. appropriateC. impossibleD. inconvenient34. A. swallowB. missC. hitD. push35. A. BesidesB. HoweverC. InsteadD. Otherwise36. A. loweredB. liftedC. anchoredD. produced37. A. failedB. workedC. developedD. remaine
56、d38. A. busiestB. biggestC. greatestD. longest39. A. answerB. breakC. messageD. challenge40. A. driveB. rideC. walkD. sail四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）41. Most of us are familiar with the Silk Road， a network of land trading routes which connected northwestern China to Europe since the Han dynasty. With it
57、s recent （1） _ （ popular）， you may have heard of the Ancient Tea Horse Road as well, another network of land trading routes that connected China to various （2） _ （ part） of Asia and Europe before sailing became common. Historically, the Ancient Tea Horse Road is no less （3） _ （ value） than the Silk
58、Road. And because of their respective locations, sometimes the Ancient Tea Horse Road （4） _ （refer） to as the Southern Silk Road. The Ancient Tea Horse Road got its name as Chinese tea and horses were the main products （5） _ （ buy） and sold along the route. Historians have traced the origins of the
59、Ancient Tea Horse Road back to the Tang dynasty, （6） _ tea was being transported out of Yunnan to Beijing, Tibet, and other places. The Ancient Tea Horse Road was （7） _ （ far） developed during the Song and Ming dynasties, and remained （8） _ busy trading route all year round until the Qing dynasty. T
60、he Ancient Tea Horse Road serves （9） _ not only a trading route, but also a bridge connecting different races - such as Han and the Tibetan people. It is located near the Roof of the World， and is where many minority groups are located, （10） _ （make） it a spot of many attractions.五、短文改错（本大题共1小题，共15.
61、0分）42. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。 注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 Mr. Li is my head teacher. He is now in his thirty and has been teaching in almost ten years.
62、 He has much knowledges and his teaching method is scientific. All of us enjoy his lessons which are lively and interested. Not only is he strict and also he is kind and patient. As a result, he is popular with our students. All these years he has been devoted to teach his student. In addition, he o
63、ften gave his encouragement to us, who means a lot to us. With his help, we have made a great progress. We all love him!六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共20.0分）43. 假定你是高三学生李华，听完国外Clemson大学的来校宣讲后，很感兴趣请写一封电邮给该校招生负责人，进一步咨询相关细节：1所感兴趣专业的课程设置 2学费和奖学金 3学生活动注意：可以增添适当细节，使行文完整字数：120左右参考词汇宣讲会： recruiting presentation2020-2021学年
64、下学期宣化一中高二英语期初试卷答案和解析1.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】A【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据大标题中的Open April-September,from5per tent per night；Open Easter-October,from10per tent per night；Open Easter-September,from10per tent per night；Open March October,from7.50per tent per night.（四月至九月开放，每晚每间帐篷5英镑起；复活节十月开放，每晚每帐篷10英镑起；复活节九月开放，每晚每帐
65、篷10英镑起；三月至十月开放，每晚每帐篷7.50英镑起）可知，Cleadale,Isle of Eigg,Inner Hebrides每晚租帐篷的租金是最少的，故选D （2）C.细节理解题。根据第三则信息This site,by a lake,is all about simple pleasures.（这个网站，在湖边，是关于简单的乐趣）可知，在Pleasant Streams Farm,near St Austell,Cornwall你可以享受得到简单的农场生活，故选C （3）A.细节理解题。根据最后一则信息so bring plenty of books to read and dont
66、 expect a phone signal.（所以要带很多书来读，不要指望有电话信号）可知，在Troytown Campsite,St Agnes,Isles of Scilly无法打电话，故选A本文属于广告类阅读，主要为我们介绍了四个英国最美的营地，同时介绍了这四个营地的位置与特色，方便读者比较并为读者出行提供选择。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。4.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】B【小题4
67、】A【解析】（1）C词义猜测题。由第四段When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse is judged on appearance, we were quickly shown the gate.当牛仔和我走进了那个仅凭外表评价马匹的赛场，我们很快就被劝退。可知，因为作者的马匹品相不佳，得到了对手和观众的轻视，所以show the gate意思是劝退，C项早点退出比赛与之意思相近。故选C项。 （2）D细节理解题。由第三段The other members rode beautiful, registered horses.其他成员骑
68、着漂亮的有血统的马。可知，作者没有信心赢得比赛的是因为他认为自己的马没有别人的好。故选D项。 （3）B推理判断题。由第十段At thirteen, I realized that no matter what the odds, Id always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it.在十三岁的时候，我意识到不管成功的几率有多大，如果我努力地去想得到他，我总是会成功的。由此判断出，作者从这次经历中学习到如果一个人足够努力，一切皆有可能。故选B项。 （4）A标题判断题。结合全文，文章讲述了作者艰难
69、地训练马匹，最后参加比赛获得第一名的故事，告诉我们只要努力，一切皆有可能的道理，A项一次难忘的赛马为短文最佳标题。故选A项。本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者艰难地训练马匹，最后参加比赛获得第一名的故事。告诉我们只要努力，一切皆有可能的道理。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。做题时要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。8.【答案】【小题1】C【小题2】A【小题3】B【小题4】B【解析】（1）C细节理解题根据文章第一段的句子Scientists have develo
70、ped a new type of smart bandage that can signal the type of bacterial infection its protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.科学家们开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像红绿灯一样显示它所针对的细菌感染类型，还可以根据需要释放正确类型的药物。可知，智能绷带是为了检测细菌感染而设计的。故选C （2）A细节理解题。根据文章第三段的句子Treatment doesnt have
71、to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis, and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity.治疗不需要等待医生诊断，绷带可以尽早应用正确的药物。可知，智能绷带的优点是能节省时间和花费。故选A （3）B细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的句子 Efforts to improve bandages continue and now weve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, bu
72、t also tells the patient exactly whats going on too.改进绷带的努力仍在继续，现在我们有了一种绷带，它不仅能释放抗生素，还能告诉病人到底发生了什么。可知，最后两段告诉我们，将来人们还会开发更多的智能绷带。故选B （4）B主旨大意题。根据全文内容和文章第一段的句子Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage that can signal the type of bacterial infection its protecting, just like a traffic light,
73、 as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.科学家们开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像红绿灯一样显示它所针对的细菌感染类型，还可以根据需要释放正确类型的药物。可知，文章主要介绍一种新的、能通过改变颜色显示伤口的感染状态的绷带。故选B本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新的绷带，它能通过改变颜色显示伤口的感染状态，帮助对症下药，大大减少了治疗时间和难度。1直接信息题： 直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原文基本一致的题目。 2间接信息题： 间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对
74、原文信息进行转换。 3综合信息题： 综合信息题是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。12.【答案】【小题1】B【小题2】D【小题3】C【小题4】B【解析】（1）B. 推理判断题。根据第一段中So it was the audience who told me I was funny,but I didnt understand why or how to control the comic（滑稽的）moments.So,I joined the course to learn.所以，是
75、观众告诉我我很搞笑，但我不明白为什么，也不知道如何控制这些滑稽的时刻，所以，我加入了这个课程来学习。可知，作者参加了喜剧课程，因为他发现自己在喜剧方面有一定的天赋。故选B （2）D. 推理判断题。根据第二段中and knowing all about the theory of humor is unlikely to help you much.Just behave in a silly way.Thats what people want to see on stage.了解所有的幽默理论并不会对你有多大帮助。只是表现出一种愚蠢的方式。这是人们希望在舞台上看到的。可知，Ryan要求喜剧课
76、上的人们以一种更有趣的方式表现。故选D （3）C. 目的意图题。根据第四段最后一句The joke is an efficient way of encouraging this natural reaction,and comedians have become experts in slightly touching this mental funny-bone in order to make us laugh.笑话是鼓励这种自然反应的一种有效方式，喜剧演员为了逗我们发笑，已经成为稍微触碰这根有趣的脑筋的专家。可知，第四段提到笑话的目的是为了证明幽默心理学的观点。故选C （4）B. 推理
77、判断题。根据最后一段最后两句As a performer,Ill never appreciate just why it seemed so funny.But the point is that I would never have written this on the paper.It was a joyous,found moment.作为一个表演者，我永远不会理解为什么它看起来那么有趣，但关键是我永远不会把这写在纸上，那是一个快乐的、有收获的时刻。可知，作者认为人们觉得有趣的东西往往是不可预测的。故选B本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述喜剧和心理学之间的关系。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基
78、础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。16.【答案】【小题1】A【小题2】D【小题3】E【小题4】B【小题5】G【解析】（1）A. 推理判断题。根据上下文：Do you struggle for a goal that is beyond your reach？（1）Are you setting yourself up for failure and shame when you cant achieve the unac
79、hievable？你是否在为一个遥不可及的目标而奋斗？当你无法实现无法实现的目标时，你是否在为失败和羞耻而自责？可知（1）应该是一个问句，所以A选项：你有没有一个理想化的愿景是不可能实现的？意思相符，故选A. （2）D. 段落大意题。根据下文的例子，Politicianswhodisplayadesperateneedtoberightandrefusetoacknowledgemistakesoruncertaintyareoftendrivenbyasecretshame.Theyfearthatshowingvulnerability（弱点）willexposethemtotheaccu
80、sationthattheyreweak.表现出迫切需要正确、拒绝承认错误或不确定性的政客们，往往被一种私下的羞耻感所驱使。他们害怕表现出脆弱会让他们受到软弱的指责。可知D选项：沉溺于完美，保护我们免于任何不完美的迹象。意思相符，故选D. （3）E. 联系上文题。根据上文：Perfectionismkeepsusleaningtowardthefuture.Wereconstantlyevaluatingourselvesinordertodobetter.完美主义使我们倾向于未来。为了做得更好，我们不断地评估自己。可知E选项：想尽自己最大的努力，一路自我纠正，没有错。意思相符，故选E. （4
81、）B. 推理判断题。根据下文：Werealizethatfailingatanyenterprisedoesntmeanthatweareafailure.Withoutfailures,wellneverlearnfromourmistakes；wellnevermoveforwardinourlives.Thosewhosucceedhavemadecountlessmistakes.Theimportantthingistolearnfromourerror,forgiveourselvesandmoveon.我们意识到，在任何一个企业失败并不意味着我们就是一个失败者。没有失败，我们永远
82、不会从错误中吸取教训；我们的生活永远不会向前迈进。那些成功的人犯了无数的错误。重要的是从错误中吸取教训，原谅自己，继续前进。可知B选项：治愈完美主义的方法是为我们人类的缺点腾出空间。意思相符，故选B. （5）G.联系上文题。根据前文 Being human, perfection is impossible.作为人类，完美是不可能的。可知G选项：通过接受自己的现状并尽最大努力，我们开始摆脱变得完美而带来的羞耻感。意思相符，故选G.这是一篇说明文。文章解释了导致完美主义心理的原因及危害，并给出了如何治愈完美主义心理的方法。关于七选五的做题步骤： 步骤一：快速浏览一遍七个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适
83、合放在文章的什么位置。通常在以下位置：标题，句首，句中，句尾。不同位置的句子有不同的特征。 步骤二：快速浏览文章，确定文章体裁，抓住文章结构。 步骤三：分析篇章结构，找出各段的主题句或主旨大意。 步骤四：注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段，寻找句中衔接标志词。 步骤五：区分相似项。21.【答案】【小题1】D【小题2】B【小题3】B【小题4】C【小题5】A【小题6】A【小题7】C【小题8】C【小题9】B【小题10】D【小题11】A【小题12】D【小题13】C【小题14】A【小题15】C【小题16】A【小题17】B【小题18】D【小题19】B【小题20】D【解析】（1）D考查短语及语境理解。A mad
84、e up for弥补； B gave up on 屈服；C dropped out of 退出；D found out about发现。结合下文 Susie Goodall的经历可知，Susie Goodall用亲生经历弄清楚了海上航行也有出错的可能。所以选D. （2）B考查名词及语境理解。A accountant会计师； B participant 参与者；C instructor 讲师；D organizer组织者。根据句子whichsendssailorsfromthecoastofFrancearoundtheearth.把来自世界的水手送到法国海岸，可见她参加了这次活动，所以选 B.
85、 （3）B考查形容词及语境理解。A homeless 无家的；B drunken 喝醉的；C dead死的； D happy高兴的。后文句子inaheavystormandabrokenbarknockedher（4）Cunconscious.Goodall的小船在离开美国南部2000英里处，她的小船就像是喝醉了酒的一个人，所以选 B. （4）C考查副词及语境理解。A permanently 暂时地；B completely 完全地；C briefly暂时地； D seriously严重地。结合后文She then activated可知只是暂时打昏了，一根断了棍子暂时把她打昏了，所以选 C
86、（5）A考查名词及语境理解。A emergency紧急情况； B operating 操作；C heating加热器； D insurance保险。随后，她启动了应急系统，一系列令人不安的更新记录了她在旅途中发生的事情，所以选 A （6）A考查动词及语境理解。A updates 更新；B questions 问题；C fantasies 幻想；D thoughts思想。结合后文which recorded her happenings during the journey可知是一系列记录旅程中发生事情的更新，随后，她启动了应急系统，一系列令人不安的更新记录了她在旅途中发生的事情，所以选 A （
87、7）C考查动词及语境理解。A attached依附； B offered 提供；C posted 邮寄，发布；D restricted限制。结合后文to her Twitter account可知一系列更新记录了她在旅途中发生的事情，并被发布到她的Twitter推特上。所以选C （8）C考查名词及语境理解。A call 电话；B warning警告； C signal 信号；D reply回答。结合后文soon ordered a cargo ship可知，智利海事中心收到了她的信号，很快命令一般货船改变航线去营救Goodall。所以选 C （9）B考查名词及语境理解。A system 系统；
88、B course航向； C subject项目，科目； D policy政治。结合上文scon ordered a cargo ship to change its可知，智利海事中心命令一艘货船改变航向去营救Goodall, 所以选B （10）D考查形容词及语境理解。A dry 干燥的；B tidy 干净的；C still不动的； D steady稳固的。Goodall现在能做的是让她的小船稳定下来等待救援，所以选 D （11）A考查动词及语境理解。A leaking 渗漏；B disappearing 消失；C floating 漂浮；D dropping掉下。结合上文pumping out
89、 water可知把漏进受损船舱的水抽出来。 thedamagedcabin（船舱）。船舱坏了漏进去的水，所以选A （12）D考查动词及语境理解。A rescued营救； B abandoned遗弃； C passed 经过；D reached到达。结合上文When the Chilean ship finally可知营救船终于到达了Goodall的位置。所以选 D （13）C考查形容词及语境理解。A obvious明显的； B appropriate适当的； C impossible不可能的； D inconvenient不方便的。根据后文句子becauseupto 13feetwaves,r
90、ockingbothships,would（14）Atheboatatanytime,可见用一条小船去救她是不可能的，所以选 C （14）A考查动词及语境理解。A swallow吞； B miss 错过；C hit袭击； D push推。根据前文句意 13米高的海浪任何时候都可以吞没这个这个小船，所以选A （15）C考查副词及语境理解。A Besides况且； B However然而； C Instead代替； D Otherwise否则。相反，船上的船员从船上放下一根又长又粗的绳子，把古德尔从船上拉到安全的地方。所以选C （16）A考查动词及语境理解。A lowered 降低，放下；B li
91、fted抬高； C anchored系牢，固定； D produced生产。根据下文a long thick rope from the ship可知是从船上放下绳子。船上的船员从船上放下一根又长又粗的绳子，把古德尔从船上拉到安全的地方。所以选A （17）B考查动词及语境理解。A failed 失败；B worked 起作用；C developed发展； D remained提醒。根据前文句子Asluckwouldhaveit,幸运的是，可见这个方法起作用的，所以选 B （18）D考查形容词及语境理解。A busiest繁忙的； B biggest大的； C greatest伟大的； D lo
92、ngest长的。回来在Facebook上写得是：这是最艰难最漫长的日子，所以选 D （19）B考查名词及语境理解。A answer回答，答案； B break休息，暂停； C message 消息；D challenge挑战。结合后文 from my busy daily life可知想要的只是从繁忙的日常生活中休息一下。所以选B （20）D考查动词及语境理解。A drive驾驶； B ride 骑车；C walk 走路；D sail航海，航行。但在大海里，在离家半个地球的地方，我宁愿航行回家，也不愿休息。结合上文提到在海里，因此是航行回家，所以选D本文是一篇记叙文，文章记述了SusieGoo
93、dall独自一个人环球不间断航行30000英里，最终顺利完成挑战的故事。近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高。做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。41.【答案】【小题1】popularity【小题2】parts【小题3】valuable【小题4】is referred【小题5】bought【小题
94、6】when【小题7】further【小题8】a【小题9】as【小题10】making【解析】（1）popularity. 考查名词。句意：随着丝绸之路的流行，你可能也听说过茶马古道，这是另一个在航行变得普遍前连接中国与亚洲和欧洲各地的陆路贸易路线网络。分析句子，及结合前文its后接名词，可知此处应填名词，popular的名词形式为popularity.故填popularity. （2）parts.考查名词单复数。句意：随着丝绸之路的流行，你可能也听说过茶马古道，另一个在航行变得普遍前连接中国与亚洲和欧洲各地的陆路贸易路线网。part为可数名词且形容词various许多的修饰可数名词的复数形式
95、。故填parts. （3）valuable.考查形容词。句意：在历史上，茶马古道和丝绸之路具有一样的价值。分析句子结合本句为主系表结构且根据前文less可知，此处填形容词形式，value的形容词形式为valuable。故填valuable. （4）is referred.考查时态语态。句意：由于它们各自的地理位置，有时茶马古道被称为南方丝绸之路。分析句子可知，主语Ancient Tea Horse Road 与称为为被动关系，句子为一般现在时，故本处使用一般现在时被动语态。故填is referred. （5）bought.考查过去分词。句意：茶马古道的名于中国茶，马是沿线买卖的主要商品。分析句
96、子结合后文sold,可知此处过去分词作定语修饰products。与products在逻辑上是被动关系。故填bought. （6）when.考查定语从句。句意：历史学家将茶马古道的起源追溯到唐朝，当时茶叶正从云南运往北京、西藏和其他地方。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为the Tang dynasty ，在定语从句做时间状语。所以关系副词为when。故填when. （7）further.考查比较级。句意：茶马古道在宋明时期得到进一步发展，在清朝之前一直是全年繁忙的贸易路线。修饰动词develop用副词，far的副词形式为further,意为更进一步地。故填further. （8）a.考查冠
97、词。句意：茶马古道在宋明时期得到进一步发展，在清朝之前一直是全年繁忙的贸易路线。分析句子可知，修饰busy trading route前需用冠词，表示一条繁忙的商业路线，且busy以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a. （9）as.考查固定搭配。句意：茶马古道不仅是一条贸易路线，也是连接汉族和藏族等不同民族的桥梁。serve as为固定搭配，意为：充当。故填as. （10）making.考查现在分词。句意：它位于世界脊梁附近，是许多少数民族居住的地方，这使它成为一个具有众多名胜的景点。分析句子可知，make it a spot of many attractions充当状语，make与前面的整
98、个句子为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填making.本文为一篇说明文。介绍了茶马古道的历史背景和发展历程。本题主要考查了用单词的适当形式填空做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识。本类型的题目常考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等。因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识。42.【答案】Mr.Liismyheadteacher.Heisnowinhis thirtyandhasbeenteaching inalmosttenyears.Hehasmuch knowledgesandhisteachingmeth
99、odisscientific.Allofusenjoyhislessonswhicharelivelyand interested.Notonlyishestrict andalsoheiskindandpatient.Asaresult,heispopularwith ourstudents.Alltheseyearshehasbeendevotedto teachhisstudent.Inaddition,heoften gavehisencouragementtous, whomeansalottous.Withhishelp,wehavemadeagreatprogress.Weall
100、lovehim! 详解： 1.thirty改成thirties.考查基数词。句意：他现在30多岁了。本句中含有介词搭配：in ones+逢10的基数词的复数形式，表示在某人几十几岁时。故thirty改为thirties. 2.in改为for.考查介词。句意：他现在已经三十多岁了，已经教了将近十年了。此处为for+一段时间，表示时间长达-。故in改为for. 3.knowledges改为knowledge.考查不可数名词。句意：他很有知识。knowledge知识，是不可数名词，无复数形式，且much修饰的只能是不可数名词。故knowledges改为knowledge. 4.interested改
101、为interesting.考查分词化的形容词。句意：我们所有人都喜欢他的生动而有趣的课。which引导定语从句在该从句中作主语，修饰hislessons,该从句为主系表结构。interesting作表语，表示有趣的，-ing结尾的现在分词化的形容词常表示事物特征；interested感动有趣的，-ed结尾的过去分词化的形容词说明人的感受。故interested改为interesting. 5.and改为but.考查并列连词。句意：他不仅严格，而且很善良，很有耐心。短语notonly-but also-不但-而且-。故and改为but. 6.our改为us.考查代词。句意：他在我们学生中很受欢迎
102、。根据句意可知，这里指我们学生是同位关系，并非表所有关系的我们的学生，后面的students是us的同位语，所以用us students。故our改为us. 7.teach改为teaching.考查动名词作介词宾语。句意：这些年来他一直致力于教他的学生。短语bedevotedto致力于，to是介词，后接动名词形式。故teach改为teaching. 8.gave改为gives.考查时态。句意：此外，他经常给我们鼓励，这对我们很重要。根据全文可知用一般现在时。故gave改为gives. 9.who改为which.考查定语从句。句意：此外，他经常给我们鼓励，这对我们很重要。非限定性定语从句不可用关
103、系代词that引导，这里用关系代词 which,指代前面一件事。故who改为which. 10.去掉a.考查冠词。句意：在他的帮助下，我们都已经取得很大的进步。makeprogress取得进步，其中progress是不可数名词，无复数形式，前面不能加不定冠词。故去掉 a.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍自己的班主任李老师。他不仅严格，而且很善良，很有而耐心。他在我们学生中很受欢迎。短文改错是一种综合技能，主要考查学生发现、判断、纠正错误的能力以及在语篇中准确地综合运用所学知识的能力。43.【答案】Dear Sir or Madam， Im Li Hua， a Senior Grade Thr
104、ee student from Hope / Xi Wang High School After I attend the recruitingpresentation， I plan to study in your university so Im writing to ask for some information I am interested in Environmental Science， which is especially famous in your university（高分句型一） As far as we know， the environmental prote
105、ction is becoming increasingly important all round the world I really want to do something in this field so I wonder how I can be admitted into your university（所感兴趣专业的课程设置） Is it necessary for me to take an English test？ How much will I have to pay for my education in your university？ How can I appl
106、y for the scholarship？（学费和奖学金） What I am interested in is some ourdoor activities for students（高分句型二）Can you tell me something about them？（学生活动） Looking forward to hearing from you soon（期望） Yours sincerely， Li Hua【解析】I am interested in Environmental Science， which is especially famous in your univer
107、sity（高分句型一）句中使用了非限制性定语从句 我对环境科学很感兴趣，这门学科在你们大学特别有名 What I am interested in is some ourdoor activities for students（高分句型二）句中What I am interested in为主语从句 我感兴趣的是为学生举办的一些户外活动英语写作是一项主观性较强的测试题它不仅考查学生的写作基础而且还考查学生在写作过程中综合运用语言的能力在撰写时要注意主谓语一致，时态呼应，用词贴切等要提高英语写作水平，需要两方面的训练：一是语言基础方面的训练，要有扎实的造句、翻译等基本功，即用词法、句法等知识造出正确无误的句子；二是写作知识和能力方面的训练以掌握写作方面的基本方法和技巧
