专题15 阅读理解-中考英语精品复习系（解析版）.doc

1、中考英语精品复习系专题15 阅读理解解读考点阅读题型探究中考英语的完型阅读题型是英语考试中最重要的部分，占了考试内容的大部分内容，也是学生得分的重要内容。要想得到高分，必须审清题干；根据语境，联系上下文，抓住主旨句、根据细节分析。直击考点中考阅读理解能力测试的主要要求1、直接型(查找事实、细节)：这类题目主要包括事实识别、有关计算、识图、排列顺序等。一般地，这类题目可以直接从短文中找到可用的信息。这些问题一般都涉及到文章的“5W”，即 who(人物)，when(时间)，where(地点)， what(事件)，why(原因)，how(方式)等。题目设计大多直截了当。只要通读全文，注意文中所述的重

2、要事实或细节，就可以做出正确解答。以图表材料命制的题目更是如此。2、理解型(理解词句或句子含义)：结合具体的语境，正确理解单词、词组或句子在阅读材料中的确切含义，是阅读理解能力的一个重要方面。有些词句，虽然未曾学过，但可通过上下文语境推测其含义，有些词虽然不是生词，但在具体的语言环境中已被赋予了特定的、新的含义。解答这类题目时需要对有关的上下文，甚至整篇文章的内容建立准确、立体的理解才能做出正确答案。拓展：猜测词义几种常用方法：（下面的猜测方法比较适合成绩较好的初中生和高中生研读）1）构词知识法：Tom disagreed with the captain about this. 前缀dis-

3、表示否定，据此disagree 意为“不同意”。2）定义法：例1：A century is a hundred years. a hundred years 解释了century的意思是“百年”或“世纪”。例2：A bag is useful and the word “bag” is useful. It gives us some interesting phrases(短语). One is “to let the cat out of the bag”. It is the same as “to tell a secret”.Now when someone lets out (泄漏

4、) a secret, he “lets the cat out of the bag.”John “lets the cat out of the bag” means he _.A. makes everyone know a secret B. the woman bout a catC. buys a cat in the bag D. sells the cat in the bag在这篇文章里，“let the cat out of the bag”虽然是一个新出现的短语，但紧接着后面就给出解释It is the same as “to tell a secret”根据这一解释，我

5、们就可判断出正确答案应为A。3、推理型(逻辑推理、数据计算)：这类题目的答案在原文中是不能直接找到的，必须抓住文中相关信息，顺藤摸瓜，进行有理有据的分析、归纳和推理，才能找出答案。有时需要透彻理解作者的双关语和弦外之音等。在表现形式上常采用下列句式：We can infer/learn/conclude from the passage that _.The story suggests that _.What is the reason of?What is the real meaning of s words?According to the passage, we know that_

6、.From the story we can see/learn/say_.The writer tells us_.It can be seen from the passage that_.(a) 根据常识推断很多短文所设计的题目往往与其它方面的常识相关联，有时需结合或根据已有的常识做出判断。比如解答科学小品文的题目可能要用到物理或化学方面的知识，解答跟自然科学有关的题目可能要用到地理、生物方面的知识等。靠这些知识的帮助，往往能快速做出解答，至少可以更加准确地理解短文。例如：One day we invited some friends to dinner. When it was abo

7、ut half past eleven, my wife found that we had little bread. So she asked our five-year-old daughter, Kathy, to buy some. One day, Kathys parents invited some friends to have_.A. breakfast B. lunch C. supper D. a party【分析】由文中“One day we invited some friends to dinner.”一句可知，主人要宴请客人吃饭，所以D项(聚会)不合文意，先予以

8、排除。但是在早(breakfast)，午(lunch)，晚(supper)三餐中，却未明确指出到底请客人吃哪一顿饭。英语中对“dinner”一词的解释是：main meal of the day, whether eaten at midday or in the evening. 这样可以将A项排除。至于是B还是C，仍然不能确定。再看下文中的“When it was about half past eleven”，显然，快十一点半点了，主人尚未准备就绪。根据生活常识，这里的无疑是上午11:30，再结合“一日三餐”这一常识，他们请客人吃的只能是午饭，所以可以推断出正确答案是B。(b) 根据计算

9、判断有些题目需根据短文的意思进行数字运算。中考的“阅读理解”中的数据推算并不要求高深的数学知识。在有关数据推算的试题中，根据短文所提供的数据进行必要的运算时，所涉及的数学知识一般都比较简单，关键在于准确理解原文的含义。例如：In five years the percentage (比例) of Beijing residents who can speak English will be raised to around 30 percent from 15 percent now. If the population of Beijing grows to fifteen million

10、by 2016, how many people will probably be able to speak English? About _.A. 15,000,000 B. 4,500,000 C. 3,000,000 D. 1,500,000【分析】原文中提到：五年之后，会说英语的北京居民的比例将会由现在的15%提升到30%。试卷所提的问题是：如果到2008年北京的人口达到15,000,000，会说英语的人将会有多少？尽管短文中没有提到这个数据，但根据题意不难推算15,000,00030%=4,500,000所以答案为B。(c) 根据逻辑关系推断根据短文中的基本事实、故事情节发展的逻辑

11、关系(如时间、因果、条件、比较、转折、让步等，)进行深层的理解，并在此基础上进行题目的理解。在逻辑判断题中，这部分题目是比较难做的。例1：We are in the computer age. We often see computers at work. They are especially usefully in automatic control, data processing (数据处理) and solving complicated problems. And they are finding their way into the home. The part played b

12、y computers is becoming even more important with each passing day.More and clever computers will continue to appear. They will run faster, have more functions and work much more skillfully. They will take over more tasks from us, helping to change the face of our world. Some people even think that s

13、ooner or later computers will replace us.HoweverWhich of the following will best continue the third paragraph?A. Computers will soon stop developing. B. Many people like computers very much.C. Computers are as cleverer as man. D. I do not think computers will replace us completely.【分析】显然，本文采用了对比的方式来

14、表达自己对电脑的看法。前面描写了计算机的优点，但作者用however一词预示自己将引出相反的观点，故答案为D。例2：Secondly, a news story has to be interesting and unusual. People dont want to read stories about everyday life. As a result, many stories are about some kind of danger and seem to be “bad” news.According to the passage, which of the following

15、 can you most possibly watch on TV?A. You often play football with your friends after school. B. Your teacher has got a cold.C. A tiger in the city zoo has run out and hasnt been caught. D. The bike in front of your house is lost.根据这段文字，我们可以推断：电视报道的新闻故事必须是有趣的和不平常的。因此，正确答案应为C。4、概括型(归纳主旨大意)：要求考生在阅读和理解

16、全文大意的基础上对文章做出归纳、概括或评价。解这种题目时，不能只凭文中的只言片语而断章取义，比如涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)等有关问题，都需要在细读全文的基础上，结合所学语言知识、背景知识、生活常识、专业知识进行逻辑思维推理判断，有的时候还要求对作者写作的意图、观点进行剖析，甚至推测作者的语气、态度等。在表现形式上常采用下列句式：This passage is about_.The main idea of this passage is _.The best title (标题) of the passage can

17、be _.来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#KThe passage is probably taken from a_.例如：Have you ever heard your own voice?“Of course,”you say.Has anyone else ever heard your voice? Again you say,“Of course.”But thats not quite true. Nobody else has ever heard your voicethe way you hear it. When you talk, you set up sound wav

18、es (声波). The air outside your head carries the sound waves to your outer ears. But, of course, the sound of your voice begins inside your head. The bones (骨头) of your head pick up the sound waves, too. They carry the sound waves straight to your inner(里面的) ears. You get the sound from the outside an

19、d the inside too. Other people get just the sound waves from the outside. Thats why they dont hear your voice the way you do.The passage is mainly about _.A. waves in the air B. the way you hear your own voiceC. voice gets around far and wide D. the different ways you and others hear your voice【分析】这

20、篇阅读材料所讲的是我们每个人都熟悉的事。通读全文，我们知道短文的大意是：别人听到我们声音的方式与我们自己听到的方式是不同的。周围的空气将我们说话时发出的声波传送到外耳。由于声音是从头的内部发出来的，我们自己的头骨也受到声波的振动，并直接将声波传送到内耳里。这也就是说，我们自己是从外部和内部两处同时听到声音的。而别人则不然，他们只是从外部接收到我们发出的声波。根据短文提供的以上信息，不难看出，这篇短文的主旨是“自己和别人听到自己声音的方式是不同的”。所以答案为D。中考英语阅读理解分类解读一、 人物故事类来源:学&科&网Z&X&X&K【命题趋势】人物故事以记述人物生平故事为主。体裁一般是记叙文，包

21、含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。近年来，人物传记类阅读文章在高中阅读理解题中有所减少。【应试对策】人物故事类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能判断。准确理解细节是做好这类题的关键。那么，怎样准确理解细节呢？首先，从问题中找到关键词；然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速找细节；找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读，认真比较选项和文中细节的区别；最后，在正确理解细节的前提下，确定最佳答案。二、社会文化类【命题

22、趋势】语言是社会文化的重要载体。学习英语的目的之一就是“提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，增强对外国文化，特别是英语国家文化的了解”。因此，社会文化类试题出现在高考试卷中是必然的。社会文化类文章的命题有以下趋势：1.以中西文化差异作为选材的重点。如礼仪、语言、生活习惯、世界观、价值观等为主题。题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。2.一般一篇文章一个主题。以议论文、记叙文居多。3.命题方面，既重主旨把握，又重特定细节，时有推断。【应试对策】对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复习时要注意：1.重视英语词汇、语法和习惯用法的掌握。在复习过程加强对语言基础知识的掌握。对于普通中学毕

23、业生来说，应具备20003500的词汇量，并掌握其词类、意思和基本用法。掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系。熟悉固定词组、固定搭配等约定俗成的语法项目。2.扩展文化背景知识，认真研读历届高考题。从近五年的高考题看，阅读内容的社会实用性越来越强，更重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材料会更多地涉及社会化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，要通过阅读更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。同时，要认真研读近五年的高考篇目，增加语言经验，适应选材特点，熟悉题材和体裁。了解设问形式，感悟设问特点。3.广泛涉猎，丰富消遣阅读。三、逸闻趣事类：【命题趋势】逸闻趣事以日常生活中的事情入手，描述一些鲜为人知的事。

24、幽默故事是其主要内容。选材多来源于日常生活，给人似曾相识之感，但随着故事的发展、展开、结束，给人以意外的感觉。逸闻趣事类文章有以下趋势：1.特点：文章简短，描述一个片断。2.命题：多考查对事件的发生、发展和结局进行合理的推断。3.选材：描述“另类”，标新立异。【应试对策】1.阅读这种文章，应特别注意对人物的外貌、语言、动作和思想的描写，从而把握人物性格特点和作者的情感态度。2.若是叙述性的文章，要读懂起因、经过、结果。若是故事性文章应读懂故事的发生、发展、高潮、结局。它们是我们读懂趣闻逸事所必需的。3.若是幽默故事，应体会风趣的对话、特别的动作，它们是幽默的精髓。四、史地常识类【命题趋势】英语

25、是我们认识世界，了解世界的工具。史地常识类文章通常介绍异域风光，历史事件，进一步扩大我们的视野和对其他国家，尤其是对英语国家的了解。因此史地常识类文章经常出现在高考阅读理解中，其趋势是：1.选材：英语国家的主要名胜或历史事件，历史年代。2.命题：以细节题为主，有一定主观推断题。3.知识：涉及一定的地理常识或历史知识。【应试对策】史地常识类文章多以细节题为主，着重考查理解文中具体信息的能力。细节题一般分为以下几类:1.排序题：根据事件发生的先后顺序和句子间的逻辑关系，找出事件正确顺序。一般采用“首尾定位法”来做题。即先出第一个和最后一个事件，缩小范围，得出答案。来源:学&科&网2.图文转换题：根

26、据短文描写找出相应图形或根据图形找出答案。一般采用“文史锁定法”，(找出文字，按“文”定“图”)或“图形标示法”。(在图中标出内容，以便理解)3.数字换算题：根据数据，找出换算关系，计算并得出答案。4.表格理解题：看懂行和列分别代表的意义，正确理解，作出选择。5.同义转换题。6.代词指代题：理清人物、事件间的逻辑关系，使人物、事件更加条理化，简明化。五. 科普知识类【命题趋势】这种题材的文章大部分是介绍科技前沿、科学动态、新的发明创造、科研方法、生态环保或是对某一个问题的来龙去脉和解决方法等加以介绍。作者的目的就是让读者获得知识、信息，对说明对象有所了解，并获得某些方面的启示。其特点如下：1.

27、 文章中会牵涉到实验、研究者、研究方法、在某项主题上的不同意见和争鸣，有时会出现读者还不熟悉的前沿性的科学题材，但作者一般持客观的态度，不显示自己的褒贬之意；2. 此类文章为了做到通俗易懂，在语言上尽量避免使用专业性词汇，对于动词，做到这一点较容易，但是有些专有名词则无法避免，不过，作者通常会对较难的专有名词进行解释，甚至举例说明，这往往也是出题的地方；3. 在语法上，此类文章长句使用较多，主从复合句、同位语、插入语、非谓语动词形式和被动语态使用率较高；4. 此类文章语篇模式一般比较固定、整齐，主题句通常位于段首，多使用平行结构。【应试对策】来源:Zxxk.Com针对科普文章的这些特点，阅读这

28、类文章重在把握被说明事物各因素之间的联系，如因果、条件、种属、并列等；以及说明方法，如定义、例释、类比等。考生应加强此类文章的阅读训练，不断提高判断、归纳、分析和解决问题的能力。首先我们平时要多关注科学题材的文章，了解一些基本的科普知识；其次，在阅读时要注意实验的目的和结果，不能凭想象和猜测下结论；对于较难理解的句子要利用语法结构去分析；最后，要利用文章特点找准主题句，把握中心，从而一一破解题目。历年中考题1【湖北省黄冈市中考英语试题】综合阅读（共两节；计 32 分）第一节 阅读理解（共 12 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 24 分）阅读下面三篇短文，根据短文内容，从所给的 A、B、C、D 四个

29、选项中选出最佳选项。（1）CCTV News May 28, 2015, ThursdayThe No-Smoking Law in China will be carried out next Monday in Beijing. All indoor public places and many outdoor public places, violators (违者) will face fines of up to 200 yuan.CCTV News May 31, 2015, SundaySu Bingtian broke record at Saturdays IAFF Diam

30、ond League ( 国 际 田 联 钻 石 赛) in Eugene, United States. He finished third in 9 99, behind Americans Tyson Gay in 9 88 and Mike Rodgers in 9 90. Liu Xiang said,“You are great! ”CCTV News June 2, 2015, TuesdayIts reported that the first two deaths from an outbreak of MERS (中东呼吸综合症) on June 1st in South

31、Koren. So far, the number of new confirmed（感染）cases is 25 in total. CCTV News June 4, 2015, ThursdayThe big ship Dongfang Star( 东方之星) with 458 people sank in Yangtze River after being caught in a strong cyclone at 21:28, June 1. So far, only fourteen people were saved, however, the rescue（搜 救）are st

32、ill continuing.When will the No-Smoking Law be carried out in Beijing?A. May 31, 2015 B. June 1, 2015 C. June 2, 2015 D. June 4, 2015Who became the first Asian|born person in the mens 100 meters?A. Tyson Gay. B. Mike Rodgers. C. Su Bingtian. D. Liu Xiang.How many people died from the outbreak of MER

33、S in South Korea on June 1st?A. 1 B. 2 C. 14 D. 25What caused the big ship to sink on Yangtze River?A. Hitting another ship. B. Carrying too many people.C. The wrong driving. D. A sudden strong cyclone.【答案】BCBDC 细节理解题。题意：在男子一百米中，谁是亚洲第一人？由第二节新闻中的“You became the first Asian-born person in the mens 100

34、 meters.”可以推测出是苏炳添，故选C。B 细节理解题。题意：6月1日韩国多少人死MERS？A. 1；B. 2；C. 14；D. 25。由第三则新闻第一句话中的“two deaths”，可以知道是死了两人。故选B。D 细节理解题。题意：什么造成了长江上的大型轮船的沉没？What caused the big ship to sink on Yangtze River?A. Hitting another ship.撞上另一艘船；B. Carrying too many people.载了太多的人；C. The wrong driving.驾驶失误；D. A sudden strong c

35、yclone.突然发生的飓风。从第四则新闻中的“after being caught in a strong cyclone at 21:28, June 1”可以知道，是突遇飓风。故选D。来源:学#科#网【考点定位】考查新闻类短文阅读。2.【北京市中考英语试题】阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Do you enjoy visiting a museum? Did you ever make a plan before a visit? Every museum must have something that attracts you.

36、 And there are many possible ways to enjoy yourself in a museum. If you follow these steps below, youll know what is worth seeing and doing, so that you can make the most of your time at the museum. Decide what museum you will visit. There are so many different kinds of museums and you first need to

37、 find one that you like. Its easy for you to choose one and start an enjoyable visit! Do some research online. Every museum now has a website which allows you to look through the information about it. On the website, you may look for such things as: The exhibits(展品)See what is on show at the museum

38、at all times, and what special exhibitions are held for a short time. The history of the museum There will often be very interesting stories about the exhibits and the benefactors(捐赠者). That can make your visit more interesting. Activities See whether there are talks, tours our special activities on

39、 the day when you visit. Many museums hold some activities that meet the interests of all age groups. Cost,food or shortageIts important how much the visit will cost. You have to decide whether or not you can eat there. You might also need to find out transportation needs, as well as storage for coa

40、ts, bags etc. Learn at least one thing on your visit. It is always good to take away something new from your visit.Plan breaks into your visit. When you walk around, standing here and studying exhibits there, you may become very tired. So it is important to take breaks. A break is a good opportunity

41、 for you to think of what you have seen and what else you might want to do in museum. Take a friend or two. Visiting museums is always a lot more fun when you are with someone else. You can talk over what youre seeing. A friend also brings another way of thinking when you talk about the exhibit. Acc

42、ording to the passage, we should first _. A. do some research online B. make a plan for lunch C. decide on a museum to visit D. choose a friend to go with To make our visit more interesting, we can_. A. organize activities like special shows and talks B. read the stories about exhibits and benefacto

43、rs 来源:学科网 C. learn about the interests of all age groups If we visit a museum with friends, we can_. A. share the experience with them B. come up with strange ideas C. cut down the cost of the visit D. discuss the next visit plan 【答案】CBAC细节理解题。根据题意中的first可知是参观博物馆要做的首要事情，所以根据第一个建议，故选C。B细节理解题。根据题意中的mo

44、re interesting结合短文的第二点建议中的第二点That can make your visit more interesting，故选B。A细节理解题。根据题意中的share及短文最后一段A friend also brings another way of thinking when you talk about the exhibit. 故选A。【考点定位】日常生活类短文阅读。3. 【海南省中考英语试题】阅读理解（共 15 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列两篇语言材料，根据语言材料的内容，从每小题所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最

45、佳选项。AStudying makes you tired? How to deal with the worries and relax yourself? Here is some advice which may add happiness to your life.Rest at weekendsWeekends are time for a rest. After a weeks hard work, weekends are the best time for you to relax yourself. Having a nice lie-in(睡懒觉) is a good id

46、ea. Besides, good sleep makes sure of your study.Cry outIf you feel sad, dont try to hide your feelings. Crying out may help reduce(减少) your sadness.Keep a diaryYou can write down all that you want to say. Thats a great way to think about and rememberlife. You can do it on paper or on computers.Enjo

47、y a big mealIts not a good idea for a kid to lose weight, so you dont need to eat less food. When you feel upset, enjoy a big meal. Eating delicious food will make you feel good.Join in activitiesHaving a get-together(聚会) is great fun. Going out with friends for a trip will make you happy. And it wi

48、ll also bring you a good sleep.来源:学&科&网How many pieces of advice are given in the passage?A.Four.B. Five.C. Six.If you feel sad, youd better .A.have a nice lie-inB. hide your feelingsC. cry outAccording to the passage, can bring you a good sleep.A.keeping a diaryB. enjoying a big mealC. joining in a

49、ctivitiesWhich of the following is TRUE?A.Good sleep makes sure of your study.B.Writing a diary can hide your feelings.C.It is a good idea for a kid to lose weight.The passage is mainly for .A.studentsB. parentsC. teachers【答案】BCCA来源:Zxxk.ComA活动，选BC 推理判断题。题意：如果你感到伤心，你最好什么什么？A.have a nice lie-in，睡懒觉；B

50、. hide your feelings隐藏你的心思；C. cry out大声喊叫。根据文中的“If you feel sad, dont try to hide your feelings. Crying out may help reduce(减少) your sadness.”可知，伤心时，可以大声喊叫以减压。故选C。C 推理判断题。题意：根据短文内容，什么可以给你带来好的睡眠？A.keeping a diary坚持写日记；B. enjoying a big meal吃大餐；C. joining in activities参加活动。由短文最后一自然段，可知是“join in A 推理判断

51、题。题意：下面哪一个是对的？A.Good sleep makes sure of your study.好的睡眠可以确保你的学习；B.Writing a diary can hide your feelings.写日记可以隐藏你的心思。根据短文，写日记是思考与记住的好方式，错；C.It is a good idea for a kid to lose weight.小孩减肥是一个好的想法。根据短文，小孩减肥不是好的办法。错。故选A。A 推理判断题。题意：短文主要是写给谁的？A.students学生；B. parents家长；C. teachers老师。本文讲的是当学习中有压力时，如何放松自己快

52、乐生活的建议。所以是写给学生的。故选A。【考点定位】考查生活类短文阅读。4.【北京市中考英语试题】阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共30分，每小题2分） BBags of LoveLast year, I worked in a middle school near my mothers house, and I stayed with her for a month. During that time, I helped her do some housework and buy some food. After the first w

53、eek, I noticed that the food was eaten up very quickly. Then I began keeping an eye on my mum. To my surprise, I found that she would put some of the food into a paper bag and go out with it at about nine every morning. And finally, I decided to follow her. I saw her taking the food to the street ch

54、ildren. She would also spend a lot of time talking and playing with them. One day, I talked to a neighbour and found out that my mum was well-known in the area. The children were very friendly with her and even thought of her as their own mother. Then it hit me why wouldnt she want to tell me about

55、it? Was she worried that I would stop buying food if I found out? When my mum got home, I gave her a big hug (拥抱).I told her she didnt need to keep it a secret from me. And she told me something about the children. Some of them lived with an old lady in a small house. Others slept on the street. For

56、 years, she was helping the poor street children by giving them food. After she told me everything, I was so moved by how selfless (无私的) she was. She helped others in need. As her son, I was so proud of my mum. I continued to buy food for my mum after that. But I always added one more bag for her ot

57、her children. After the first week, the writer noticed that _. A. the food was put into a big box B. his mum followed the children C. the food was eaten up quickly D. his mum stopped buying food The street children thought of the writers mum as their _. A. old grandma B. own mother C. new neighbour

58、D. dear teacher How did the writer feel about his mum after she told him everything? A .He was proud of her. B. He was confident in her. C. He was angry with her. D. He was worried about her. The writer added one more bag of food to _. A. make friends with the children B. get a hug from his mother C

59、. become well-known in the area D. help the poor street children 【答案】CB来源:学科网ZXXKAD【解析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了作者的母亲为大街上的贫困孩子发放食物，作者深受感动并采取行动助人为乐的故事。C细节理解题。根据题意中的关键词first week，及noticed，结合短文第二段第一行After the first week, I noticed that the food was eaten up very quickly.故选C。.B细节理解题。结合题意中的关键词street children though

60、t of及短文中的第三段The children were very friendly with her and even thought of her as their own mother.故选B。【考点定位】故事类短文阅读。5.【山东菏泽】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、三个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。In life, everyone once struggles for a dream, whether its successful or not. I still clearly remember one day when I was in high school. I

61、 saw on a website that Chinas Got Talents mass-election（海选）for the best singers was going on. I was very excited and decided to go and try out. But it wasnt as easy as I had thought. When I got there, I saw at least 100 people already waiting in line. My hands started to sweat and shake as my turn g

62、ot close. I got up and started singing, but I sang so badly that I stopped before I even finished the song. Afterwards I quickly said goodbye to my friends and walked home crying. I thought that I would never be able to show my face in public again. However, after about a year, that terrible experie

63、nce became a funny memory. I realized that I didnt need to care about losing that dream, because I made a new and more realistic one. Im good at English, as well as other subjects. I made it my goal to get accepted into Columbia University. Columbia is hard to get into, and about 1,300 students from

64、 all over the world are accepted every year. Though it is hard to get into, I think my dream will come true someday by working hard. 41.As a _ student, the writer took part in Chinas Got Talents mass-election. A. primary school B. university C. high school42.As the writers turn got close, _. A. he f

65、elt very nervous and uneasy B. he got up and started singing C. more than 100 people were waiting in line43.When the writer went back home, _. A. all his friends were with him B. he thought it a shame to have sung so badly C. he was very excited and decided to try out again. 44.What does the underli

66、ned word “realistic” mean in the second paragraph?来源:学科网ZXXK A. 有意义的 B. 现实的 C. 有创新的45.After about a year, the writer _. A. got accepted into Columbia University B. still cared about losing the dream of becoming a singer C. made a new dream to get into Columbia University【答案】41.C42.A43.B44.B45.C【解析】试

67、题分析：每一个人都曾经为梦想而努力奋斗过。本文讲述了作者为了梦想的奋斗历程：中学时参加中国达人秀的失败，之后作者根据自己的特长：擅长英语，确定了新的奋斗目标：进入哥伦比亚大学，并坚信自己将能够实现人生目标。41.C 细节理解题。题意：当什么学生时，作者参加了中国达人秀海选？A. primary school小学生；B. university大学生；C. high school中学生。由短文第二句：I still clearly remember one day when I was in high school.可知作者中学时参加的中国达人秀的海选。故选C。的手开始冒汗、抖动。说明他很紧张，故

68、选A。43.B 推理判断题。题意：当作者回到家时，发生了什么？A. all his friends were with him他所有的朋友跟着他；B. he thought it a shame to have sung so badly他认为唱得那么差是一种羞耻；C. he was very excited and decided to try out again.他很激动，并且决定再次参加选拔赛。由第一段最后一句：I thought that I would never be able to show my face in public again. （我认为我再也不会在公共场所露脸了）可

69、知作者当时感到很羞愧。故选B。44.B 词义猜测题。题意：第二段有下划线的“realistic”A. 有意义的；B. 现实的；C. 有创新的。作者根据自己的特长重新确定了奋斗目标，这个梦想更加现实。故选B。45.C 推理判断题。题意：大约一年过后，作者怎么啦？A. got accepted into Columbia University被哥伦比亚大学录取；B. still cared about losing the dream of becoming a singer还就推动了当歌手的梦想而害怕着；C. made a new dream to get into Columbia Unive

70、rsity确定了一个新的梦想：进入哥伦比亚大学。由第二段中的：I made it my goal to get accepted into Columbia University.可知作者重新确定了新的奋斗目标：进入哥伦比亚大学。故选C。考点：考查人生哲理类短文阅读。6.【浙江衢州】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Q: Why do birds fly south?A: Because its too far to walk.Jokes are things that we say to make other people laugh. Sometimes a

71、joke is just a short sentence, while other times it can be a story that can take a while to tell. An example of a simple joke is: Q:Why do hummingbirds hum (嗡嗡叫)？A:Because they dont know the words. People who tell jokes are welcomed everywhere bacause everyone likes hearing a good joke. Here is anot

72、her example of a jokes:Q:Why did the chicken cross the road?A:To get to the other side. We say a joke is “corny” if it is stupid . An example of a corny joke is: But some people may think a corny joke actually a good joke. Telling a good joke depends not only on the joke itself but also on the way i

73、t is told. Some people have a skill for telling jokes. And some people simply do not know how to tell jokes. Every language and culture has its own funny jokes. As a result, many jokes lose their humor if they are translated into a different language. Some jokes depend on making fun of other people

74、to be funny. However, these jokes may hurt peoples feelings. Sometimes jokes are told about certain races and religions (宗教). These are called “recial” and “religious” jokes, and they can be burting people, too. Jokes about the supposed special things of the members of one sex are sometimes consider

75、ed to be “sexist (性别歧视的) rubbish”. Jokes that hurt peoples feelings are not really funny. Have you heard a good joke lately? Can you tell your classmates one that will make them laugh?34.People who are good at telling jokes are usually _ .A. serious B. crazy C. famous D. popular35.A “corny” joke is

76、one that is _ .A. very funny B. stupid or not funny C. very short D. very harmful36.Some jokes depend on _ to be funny.A. how long the sentences areB. the age of the person who tells the jokeC. where we ate standing when telling the jokeD. the listeners understanding of the language and culture37.Wh

77、ich of the following is the writers opinion?A. Jokes that hurt peoples feelings are not really funny.B. Some people simply do not know how to tell jokes.C. Every language and culture has its own jokes.D. Some people may think a corny joke is good. 【答案】34.D35.B36.D37.A处受欢迎，选D35.B推理判断题。题意：一个平淡的笑话是什么样的

78、笑话？A. very funny非常有趣的；B. stupid or not funny愚蠢的或是没趣的；C. very short很短的；D. very harmful很伤人的。由第三段可知，平淡的笑话可能很愚蠢；由第四段可知，因为有些人不会讲笑话，把好的笑话讲得不滑稽可笑了。故选B。36.D推理判断题。题意：一些笑话依靠什么而有趣？A. how long the sentences are句子的长度； B. the age of the person who tells the joke讲笑话者的年龄；C. where we ate standing when telling the jo

79、ke 讲笑话时我们站的位置；D. the listeners understanding of the language and culture听众的语言及文化理解。由第四段可知，不同语言和文化有着自己有趣的笑话，但是如果翻译成外语，就可能伤害别人。故选D。37.A 主旨大意题。题意：下面哪一个是作者的观点？A. Jokes that hurt peoples feelings are not really funny.伤害别人的感受的笑话不是真正的有趣；B. Some people simply do not know how to tell jokes.一些人不知道怎样计笑话；C. Eve

80、ry language and culture has its own jokes.每一种文化有自己的笑话；D. Some people may think a corny joke is good. 有些人可能认为一个平淡的笑话是好笑话。由倒数第二段最后一句：Jokes that hurt peoples feelings are not really funny.可知作者认为伤害别人的笑话不是真正的有趣。故选A。来源:学科网ZXXK考点：考查文化类短文阅读。7.【浙江衢州】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。I have spent almost a third

81、 of my life in China, living and working in this beautiful country. In a sense, China has been and is still my second home But in those past years I had never been to Quzhou. Some days ago, for the first time in my Chinese life, I stepped into the beautiful city of Quzhou. My impressions of Quzhou c

82、ity were as I always thought: green countryside, rainy sky, wet air. That was what I imagined for years the south of China would be. When we finally arrived, I was impressed by the elegant (优雅的) city. Next day we were taken to visit some places not far away from the city. I was not aware of the dire

83、ction of our short trip, but when we arrived at Lanke Mountain and got out of the car, I thought that we had been taken to a fairyland (仙境) : the light rain over the green and thick plants, the silvery sky like a heavy blanket and the mystery (神秘) of this mountain made me feel like being part of a p

84、icture. Jiulong Lake was our next step. The mystic atmosphere (气氛) of this place was so strong that I decided to watch the view standing at the top when I stepped into the small boat to sail upstream. Sometimes we were so close to the mountain that we could clearly see the red soil under the plants.

85、 I was thinking of the joy to be in a place like Jiulong Lake and how it would be to live among those hills for a while. The final leg of the days journey was a primary school. We were welcomed by the smiles on the faces of many young pioneers. The energy of the hundreds of kids made me feel younger

86、 for a while, so educated, so polite and so warm that I had no doubt about the future generations of Quzhou people. The people seem to me the best of Quzhou and they will remain in my memories forever. 38.From the passage, we can know the writer _ .A. will come to work in Quzhou B. will leave China

87、soonC. has lived in China for a long time D. has just come to China39.The writer visited _ places the next day in Quzhou.A. two B. three C. four D. five40.In the writers eye, Quzhou is _ .A. green, rainy, wet and elegant B. green, large, modern and mysticC. small, warm, dry and elegant D. beautiful,

88、 dry, modern and mystic41.What does the writer mean by saying the underlined sentence in Paragh 4?A. He disliked Jiulong Lake.B. He hoped to leave there soon.C. He would swim in Jiulong Lake.D. He loved Jiulong Lake very much. 【答案】38.C39.B40.A41.D永久的记忆。38.C 推理判断题。题意：从短文中，我们知道有关作者的什么？A. will come to

89、work in Quzhou 将要来衢州工作；B. will leave China soon很快要来离开中国；C. has lived in China for a long time在中国居住了很久了；D. has just come to China刚来中国。由第一段第一句话：I have spent almost a third of my life in China可知，作者在中国度过了三分之一的时间，说明他在中国很久了。故选C。39.B 推理判断题。题意：第二天，作者参观了衢州的几个地方？A. two两个；B. three三个；C. four四个；D. five五个。根据短文第三至

90、五自然段可知，作者第二天去了：兰可山、九龙湖和一所小学校，共三个地方。故选B。40.A 推理判断题。题意：在作者眼中，衢州是怎样的？A. green, rainy, wet and elegant绿色、多雨、湿润，优雅的；B. green, large, modern and mystic绿色、巨大、现代，迷人的；C. small, warm, dry and elegant小、温暖、干燥、优雅的；D. beautiful, dry, modern and mystic美丽、干燥、现代，迷人的。根据第二段第二句：My impressions of Quzhou city were as I a

91、lways thought: green countryside, rainy sky, wet air. 及第二段最后一句：When we finally arrived, I was impressed by the elegant (优雅的) city.可知作者对衢州的印象是：green, rainy, wet and elegant.故选A。41.D 句义猜测题。题意：作者说第四段有下划线的句子的意思是什么？A. He disliked Jiulong Lake.他不喜欢九龙湖；B. He hoped to leave there soon.他希望很快离开那儿；C. He would

92、swim in Jiulong Lake.他可以在九龙湖里游泳；D. He loved Jiulong Lake very much.他非常喜欢九龙湖。句意：I was thinking of the joy to be in a place like Jiulong Lake and how it would be to live among those hills for a while.我在想象着居住像九龙湖这种地方的乐趣，以及在那些山中住一段时间会是怎样的。因此可以推测出：作者被九龙湖及那些山中美景深深地吸引。故选：D。考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。8.【浙江衢州】阅读下面短文，从每题

93、所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Even though I just had lunch not long ago, I was felling hungry again. I went to the kitchen to look for something to eat. That was when I discovered the pudding in the fridge. It was made from milk, sugar, eggs and fruits, and it looked so yummy. I noticed that there was only

94、one left. I was putting the pudding on a plate when my brother came into the kitchen. He found the pudding and asked for it. “Its mine! I was the only one who found it!” I shouted. “You are my elder brother, You should give it to me!” said he. Then he started pulling the plate towards himself and I

95、did the same. Suddenly, the plate moved to one side and the pudding slipped (滑动) out of the plate. It landed on the floor and turned into a yellow mess. My brother and I both looked at each other, feeling amazed and disappointed at the same time. It was such a waste! To my surprise, Ollie, our pet d

96、og, walked over to the mess on the floor. It began to lap up the pudding happily, Within minutes, the mess on the floor was gone. Ollie licked (舔) its lips when it was done. After watching Ollie finishing the whole pudding by itself, we realized _ . If both of us had shared the pudding, we would bot

97、h have got to eat half of it. It was because of our greed (贪婪) that we ended up with nothing. That day, my brother and I learnt a good lesson. 31.The writers brother thought he should get the pudding because _ .A. he found it by himself B. he made it by himselfC. he was hungrier D. he was younger32.

98、The underlined part “lap up” in Paragraph 4 is the closest in meaning to _ .A. share B. move C. eat D. pull33.Which of the following can be put in the blank in the last paragraph?A. how foolish we had been B. how happy we both wereC. it was wrong to keep a pet dog D. the pudding was not yummy【答案】31.

99、D32.C33.A来源:学&科&网【解析】试题分析：本题讲述了作者小时候和弟弟争吃一块点心，由于两人互不相让，最后甜点心掉到地上，成了狗的美食的故事。告诉人们要学会分享，不得贪婪的道理。31.D 推理判断题。题意：作者的弟弟认为他应该吃点心是因为什么？A. he found it by himself他自己找到的；B. he made it by himself他自己做的；C. he was hungrier他更饿；D. he was younger他更小。由第二段倒数第二句“You are my elder brother, You should give it to me!”（你是我的哥哥

100、，你应该给我）可以推测出他认为作者比他大，即他更年幼，所以该吃那块点心。故选D。32.C 词义猜测题。题意：第四自然段中有下划线的“lap up”最哪一个含义最接近？A. share分享；B. move移动，搬动；C. eat吃；D. pull拉。本句指狗开始高兴地lap up那块点心。可以推测出其含义是：吃。故选C。考9.【浙江宁波】阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。I still remember quite clearly the day when my parents got divorced(离婚) . Dad kissed me goodbye and

101、 left. For a long time Mum and I lived a peaceful life. Then one day, Jim came over for lunch wearing a blue suit with a short brown tie and a green shirt I couldnt believe this was going to be my new stepfaLher. It couldnt be true that my beautiful mother would many someone who dressed like a clown

102、(小丑). I hated him. Lunch was terrible. Mother kept trying to start a conversation, but neither Jim nor I would saymuch. Finally I offered to bring in the dessert just to get away from the clown Something unpleasant happened, but I didnt mean(故意) to do it. I guess the plate slipped. But one minute I

103、was handing Jim his blackberry pie, and the next, dark purple berries were oozing(渗出) all over his shirt and tie.来源:Z#xx#k.Com I was mortified. My face turned bright red. Jim looked very much surprised at first, but then he began to laugh. I started to laugh too. Maybe this guy was all right, after

104、all. Then I had a quick look at my mother. She looked happier than I had seen her in a long time.来源:学科网ZXXK34. The writer thinks Jims clothes look _ . A. nice B. expensive C. usual D. funny35. From the story we might guess that _ . A. Jim didnt seem likeable at first B. the writer liked Jim from the

105、 start C. Jim was angry with the writer D. Jim didnt like blackherry pie36. In this story the word mortified means _. A. happy B. bored C. embarrassed D. angry37. The best title for this story would be _ . A. I Love Pie B. My New Stepfather C. The Worlds Worst Lunch D. Mothers Shouldnt Marry.【答案】34.

106、D35.A36.C37.B34.D考查细节理解题。根据文中It couldnt be true that my beautiful mother would marry someone who dressed like a clown(小丑). I hated him.可知，作者认为吉姆的衣服看起来很滑稽可笑。可知选D。 35.A考查细节理解题。根据Jim came over for lunch wearing a blue suit with a short brown tie and a green shirt I couldnt believe this was going to be

107、my new stepfaLher. It couldnt be true that my beautiful mother would many someone who dressed like a clown(小丑). I hated him.可知，吉姆期初看起来没有那么可爱。可知选A。36.C考查猜测词义题。根据下文My face turned bright red我的脸变红了。可知上文中划线的单词 mortified的意思是“尴尬的，惭愧的”。可知选C。37.B考查主旨大意题。通读整篇短文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了作者未来的继父。故选B。考点：考查故事类短文阅读。点：考查故事类短文阅读。

108、10.【江苏南通】请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Each summer，you hear news that some sports players are sent to hospitals because it is too hot. Our bodies cant be outside in the sun for a long time. So in hot summers，be careful about playing sports outside.Firstly，to play sports safely i

109、n hot weather，you must drink water. Sports drinks are great for athletes，but they have so much sugar that theyll dehydrate（使脱水）you more. However，drinking a few bottles of sports drinks will be good for you.Secondly，be sure to take enough breaks to let your body rest. If your coach doesnt let you tak

110、e enough breaks in the heat，dont wait until you feel uncomfortable. Just be honest with your coach when you need breaks.Thirdly，when you have a break，dont sit in the sun. With the sun beating down on you，youll only heat up and sweat（冒汗）more. Take a seat under a tree，or even better，go indoors for a l

111、ittle while. Cooling yourself down can help you stay active longer.Fourthly，remember that the earlier in the day you start your exercise，the cooler it will be. If you can start practice before the sun comes up，you have a few good hours to practise in the cool hours of the morning. Also，the earlier y

112、ou practise，the earlier you can finish the exercise. If you need more practice time，come back to the field later in the evening，when the sun is setting.Last but not least，you should watch what you eat. Eat food which is high in water，starch（淀粉）and carbonhydrate（糖类），but be sure to get a good balance

113、in your diet.As long as you pay attention to the above，playing sports safely in the heat isnt a difficult thing.34How many pieces of advice are mentioned in the passage? AThree BFour CFive DSix35From Paragraph 5 we know Awed better start our exercise early Bit is not wise to have practice after auns

114、etCwe have a long time to practise after sunrise Dit doesnt matter whether you practise early or late36Which of the following is true according to the passage?ASports drinks are good for you with no harm BYou need to tell your coach when you feel tiredCSitting under a tree is better than staying ind

115、oors DEating lots of sugar is necessary for sports safely37The passage mainly tells us about Aeating habits in hot summers Bdrinking more water in the heat来源:Z,xx,k.ComCsports safely in hot weather Dtaking exercise in different periods【答案】来源:Zxxk.Com34.C35.A 36.B 来源:学科网37.C34.C细节理解题。根据短文中的句子Firstly，

116、Secondly，Thirdly，Fourthly，Last but not least，可知，短文中共提到五条建议。答案为C。35.A细节理解题。根据短文中的句子“Fourthly，remember that the earlier in the day you start your exercise，the cooler it will be.”可知，每天最好尽早地锻炼身体。答案为A。36.B 细节判断题。根据短文中的句子“If your coach doesnt let you take enough breaks in the heat，dont wait until you feel

117、 uncomfortable. Just be honest with your coach when you need breaks.”可知，在高温下，不要等到不舒服再去告诉你的教练，需要休息时要及时向教练禀报。故答案为B。37.C主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，本文主要叙述了在炎热的夏天，进行户外活动要安全，故选C。考点：健康保健类短文阅读。11.【浙江金华】阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。For many years, scientists have known that laughing is good for the health of our mi

118、nds and bodies. Now we are learning that its not just laughter. Having fun and playing are also good for us! Researchers have found that play is good for people of all ages. Play actually leads to the growth of more nerve connections in the brain and gives us more brain power. Play is necessary duri

119、ng childhood. As children play, they learn how to make friends and relate to others. They develop their imaginations and become more creative. Kids carry these qualities with them as they grow older. Amy Whitcomb teaches maths at a school in San Francisco. For several years, she has used games to te

120、ach maths. In one class, students play a game with small bags of candy to figure out how many pieces in the bags are red. When they get the correct answer, they can eat the candy! Amy says, ”If its not fun, theyre not going to want to be there. Theyre not going to want to learn.” The spirit of playf

121、ulness continues through the teenage years into adulthood (成人期). The famous company Google, for example, keeps a lot of toys and games at different places in their offices and encourages people to use them. Their motto is “Work hard. Play hard.” They know that people often get their best ideas when

122、they are just “playing around ” and let their imaginations go wild. So next time you have to solve a difficult maths problem or cant think of a topic for an article, take a short play break. Do a little dance, or play a quick game. Then come back to it. Maybe youll be surprised at what your brain ca

123、n do. 38. The example of the company Google is given to show that _.A. play is also fit for adults B. everyone there works hardC. they have a lot of toys and games D. it is very famous in the world 39. The underlined expression “figure out” in Paragraph 3 probably means _.A. look after B. solve the

124、problem of C. draw a picture of D. play a joke on 40. According to the passage, you need to play if you _.A. want to make friends with others B. have to do some homeworkC. fail to think of a topic for an article D. find a job in a big company 41. Which of the following can be the best title for the

125、passage?A. A maths lesson B. How children growC. The power of play D. Work hard, play hard【答案】38.A39.B40.C来源:Zxxk.Com41.C39.B考查细节理解题。【问题】第三段划线短语“figure out”可能是什么意思？ A.look after 照顾；B. solve the problem of解决某问题；C. draw a picture of画一幅画；play a joke on开某人的玩笑；根据对上文For several years, she has used games t

126、o teach maths. In one class, students play a game with small bags of candy to figure out how many pieces in the bags are red.( 几年来，她用游戏来教数学。在一个班里，学生们玩一个小袋子的糖果游戏，弄清楚袋子里有多少块是红色的。)理解，可以猜出figure out是解决的意思。故选B。40.C考查细节理解题。【问题】根据这篇短文，如果_，你需要玩。根据第五段（最后一段）第一句So next time you have to solve a difficult maths

127、problem or cant think of a topic for an article, take a short play break. （因此，下一次你必须解决一个困难的数学问题或不能想出一篇文章的主题，请短暂休息一会。）可知选C。41.C考查主旨题。【问题】下面哪一个可能是这篇短文最好的题目？A.一堂数学课；B.儿童怎样成长；C.玩的力量；D.疯狂地工作，疯狂地玩；本文主要介绍娱乐和玩对人们的重要性，故选C。考点：考查科普类阅读。12.【广西来宾】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。It is reported that some developed

128、 countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with them is not an easy job. Every time an old computer breaks dow

129、n, it needs to be dealt with safely. What is worse, at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth.Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them. This town is named as “the e-waste

130、capital of the world”. It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million yuan. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way into the environment. An environmental group has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly po

131、lluted.Luckily, the Chinese government wants to change the situation. This year, China passed a new environmental protection law. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future.71. The e-wa

132、ste found in Hong Kong last month was from _. A. FranceB. JapanC. GermanyD. Australia72. The underlined word “buried” probably means _in the passage. A. 焚烧B. 降解C. 回收D. 掩埋 73.The town of Guiyu in Guangdong Province_.A. is the e-capital of the worldB. has serious e-waste pollutionC. deals with the e-w

133、aste safelyD. spends much money on e-waste74.This year, the Chinese government _.A. closed some computer companies B. asked people to hand in old computers C. made a new environmental protection law D. tried to change peoples life75.The passage is mainly about _.A. the e-waste problem in ChinaB. the

134、 cost of burning e-wasteC. the ways to deal with e-wasteD. the need to pass a law against e-waste【答案】71.B72.D73.B来源:学科网ZXXK74.C75.A71.B细节理解题。根据 Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan.可知上个月香港官员发现很多来自日本的电子垃圾。故选B。72.D词义猜测题。根据It may be h

135、undreds of years before they are really gone in the earth.可知它们被埋在泥土里，故此处的意思是掩埋电子垃圾，故选D。73.B细节理解题。根据Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them.可知广东省桂玉被电子垃圾污染，故选B。考点：环保类短文阅读。13. 【安徽省初中毕业学业考试英语试题】阅读理解（共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。 Do

136、 you sleep well? If your answer is no, the following might help you.Set a certain bedtime and rising time A certain bedtime and rising time can help you build up your body clocks. Set a bedtime which is good and natural for you. Dont change your bedtime and rising time on weekends.Avoid exciting act

137、ivities just before sleeping Exciting activities get your thoughts running. At the same time, if you make tomorrows plan or read an exciting story before turning off the light, it doesnt give you enough time to relax before you try to sleep.Keep the bedroom for sleeping only Its a bad habit for you

138、to use your bedroom as a place to eat, watch TV, read, talk on the phone, or discuss important matters with your family members. Break that habit to get better sleep.Dont go to bed too earlyYour body usually lets you sleep only the number of hours it needs. You should decide how many hours you must

139、sleep in order not to experience daytime sleepiness.Take a warm shower before your bedtimeA twenty-minute warm shower at a temperature of about 45 50 not only is a great relax at days end, but also raises your body temperature by several degrees. The coming drop in temperature of your body will natu

140、rally make you feel sleepy.80. If you want to build up your body clocks, you should _. A. set a certain bedtime and rising timeB. go to bed neither too early nor too late C. keep the bedroom for sleeping onlyD. take a warm shower before sleeping81. Why should you avoid exciting activities just befor

141、e sleeping? A. Because they will get your thoughts running B. Because you have to make tomorrows paln C. Because you should read an exciting story D. Because you will have to turn off the light.82. Your bedroom should be kept for _ only. A. talkingB. eatingC. readingD. sleeping83. According to the p

142、assage, _ will make you feel sleepy. A. taking a cold showerB. your body temperature dropping C. your daily experience D. raising your body temperature【答案】80. A81. A82. D83. B【解析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了五种有助于睡眠质量的方法。如：按时睡觉按时起床，避免睡前的兴奋的活动等。80. A细节理解题。根据第一条建议A certain bedtime and rising time can help you build

143、up your body clocks.可知设定固定的睡眠和起床时间能帮助建立生物钟。故选A。81. A细节理解题。根据第二条建议Exciting activities get your thoughts running可知兴奋的活动会使你的思维活跃，故选A。82. D细节理解题。根据第三条建议可知卧室只能是睡觉的地方。故选D83. B细节理解题。根据最后的建议The coming drop in temperature of your body will naturally make you feel sleepy.可知下降的体温自然会使你感到困倦，故选B。【考点定位】健康保健类短文阅读。1

144、4.【湖南衡阳】阅读下面的短文，并根据短文内容判断文后句子的正（T）误（F）。（共5小题，计10分）Most teens need more than 9 hours of sleep each night. But about 1 in 4 teens has trouble in sleeping. Lack（缺少）of sleep can affect everything from our feelings to how well we focus on tasks like studying. It can also influence sports performance, inc

145、rease our chances of getting sick, and may be related to weight gain in some people. How can we get the sleep we need? Here are some ideas: Be active during the day. Get at least 60 minutes of exercise a day. Physical activity can decrease（减少） stress and help people feel more relaxed. Just dont work

146、 too close to bedtime because exercise can wake you up before it slows you down. Say goodnight to electronics. Experts suggest using the bedroom for sleep only. At least shut everything down an hour or more before lights out. Keep a sleep routine（常规）. Going to bed at the same time every night helps

147、the body expect sleep. Creating a set bedtime routine can improve this relaxation effect. Spending time with a pet, writing a diary or doing anything else can relax you. Expect a good nights sleep. Instead of worrying that you wont sleep, remind（提醒）yourself that you can. Say Tonight, I will sleep we

148、ll several times during the day. It can also help to practice breathing exercises or gentle exercises before bed. Everyone has a sleepless night once in a while. But if you regularly have trouble in sleeping and you think its affecting your mood or performance, talk to your doctor.46.How many hours

149、of sleep do most teens need each night?47.Can physical activity increase stress or decrease stress?48.If Tom often has trouble sleeping and it affects like performance, what should he do?49.Does making the light on help to have a good sleep?50.Write down at least one of your suggestions about gettin

150、g the sleep we need.【答案】46.More than nine.47.It can decrease stress.48.He should talk to his doctor.49.No, it doesnt.50.Listening to some light music before going to bed helps us to relax.46.细节理解题。题意：大多数青少年每天晚上需要多少小时的睡眠？由短文第一句：Most teens need more than 9 hours of sleep each night.可知，大多数青少年每天晚上需要九小时以

151、上的睡眠。故回答：More than nine.47.细节理解题。题意：体育活动可以增加还是减少压力？由第三段第三句：Physical activity can decrease（减少） stress and help people feel more relaxed.可知，体育活动可以减少压力、帮助人们感到轻松。故回答：It can decrease stress.48.细节理解题。题意：如果汤姆经常有睡眠问题，而且影响了其表现，他该怎么办？由短文最后一段里的：But if you regularly have trouble in sleeping and you think its af

152、fecting your mood or performance, talk to your doctor.可知，如果不好的睡眠影响了一个人的情绪或表现。应该和医生谈谈。故回答：He should talk to his doctor.49.推理判断题。题意：开着灯帮助拥有好的睡眠吗？由第四段的内容可知，要给睡觉提供一个好的环境，提前关掉电器，当然睡时要关灯。故作否定回答：No, it doesnt.50.问答题。题意：至少写下你有关获得好的睡眠的一条建议。本题是开放性试题，只要言之有理即可。故可以回答：Listening to some light music before going to

153、 bed helps us to relax.考点：考查健康保健类短文阅读。15.【江苏常州】阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Every living thing on Earth is either a plant or an animal, right? Wrong! Many organisms（有机体）in our world are neither. Some of them float through the air, and some lie hidden in the ground. They do not need sunlight t

154、o survive, and if the weather becomes too cold, they can become inactive until conditions improve.What are these? They are called fungi(菌类), and you see them almost every day. Many kinds of fungi seem disgusting, such as the green black things that appear on the food which are left too long in the r

155、efrigerator. But other kinds are not so bad. For example, the yeast that is used to make bread and mushrooms (蘑菇) are both fungi.What makes fungi different from plants and animals? An animal can move around by itself. Fungi get around too, but they dont have feet, wings, or tails. They have to wait

156、for wind or some other outside force to move them. Plants are different from fungi because they have chlorophyll（叶绿素）. It helps them make food from the energy in sunlight. Fungi do not have chlorophyll.Some fungi are bad, while others are not. Some fungi cause diseases, such as athletes foot, which

157、makes feet uncomfortable. Other kinds of fungi can be used to make medicines, which have saved many lives.Fungi clean up more than wounds, though. They are the worlds first recyclers. Without fungi, our world would be a mess. Since fungi cannot make their own food as plants do, they must get their f

158、ood elsewhere. Many fungi get their food from dead plants. They break them down and turn them into soil. The fungi get a meal, and the world gets a housecleaning. 23.What does the underlined word “disgusting”most probably mean? A. strong B. unpleasant C. active D. small24.According to the passage, _

159、. A. fungi can move everywhere by themselves B. fungi are unable to survive in cold conditions C. some fungi can make food from the energy in sunlight. D. some fungi are useful to humans and the environment25.Where can you most probably find this passage? A. In a social report. B. In a biology book.

160、 C. In a geography magazine. D. In a farming book.【答案】23.B24.D25.B24.D推理判断题。题意：根据短文内容，可以推测出什么？A. fungi can move everywhere by themselves细菌可以自己到处移动；B. fungi are unable to survive in cold conditions细菌不能在寒冷的条件下幸存下来；C. some fungi can make food from the energy in sunlight.一些细菌可以用太阳的能量做食物；D. some fungi ar

161、e useful to humans and the environment一些细菌对人和环境有用。根据短文最后两段可知，一些细菌不坏，对人类有用。故选D。25.B推理判断题。题意：你最有可能在哪儿找到本文？A. In a social report.在一个社会报道里；B. In a biology book.在生物书上；C. In a geography magazine在地理杂志上； D. In a farming book.在一本农事的书上。本文是有关细菌的生物知识，因此可能是在生物书上看到。故选B。考点：考查科普类短文阅读。16.【浙江金华】阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个

162、选项中选出最佳选项。Huw Thomas fell in love with Megan. But then an accident changed his life, and he had to move to Canada. Megan promised to write to him. But Huw never heard from her . until one day a letter arrived. He saw the letter came from where he and his father had lived in their early years. Who wa

163、s writing to him? He turned the envelope (信封) over in his hands several times. Then he took out the letter and read:Dear Huw,I dont know if this letter will reach you, and I dont really know why Im writing to you after all these years, but .Huw turned to the end of the letter and saw:Best wishesMega

164、nHe couldnt believe it. He turned back to the first words of the letter and read:. after all these years, but Ive just found your letters to me from Canada. Believe me, this was the first time Id read them and they made me cry, even after 50 years. I found them in a box of my fathers papers. They we

165、re never opened.Huw, I never knew that youd written to me. I thought your new life in Canada had made you forget me. Now I realize that my father kept your letters. I can still remember asking him if there was any letter for me, and he always said “ , my girl. I told you he was no good.” Finally, af

166、ter about a year, I believed him.But why did he keep the letters? Do you think he wanted me to find them when it was too late? Anyway, hes dead now, so I cant ask him. All I can say is Im sorry. Sorry for what my father did, sorry that you never heard from me and sorry for everything.I hope that at

167、least this letter reaches you. Of course, Ill understand if you dont want to write back to me, but if you do, I am still Megan Jenkins, and I still live at the same address.Best wishes,MeganHuw read the letter again. Everything with Megan came back to him. He had never forgotten her. He couldnt. Eve

168、ry day he looked at her face on the wall. He had a drawing of her. It had traveled everywhere with him. But to hear from her again “Are you all right, Dad?” asked Mike, coming into the room.(Adapted from Two Lives by Helen Naylor)来源:Z+xx+k.Com 42. Why did Huw turn to the end of the letter before he

169、finished the rest of it? A. Because he was not interested in the beginning. B. Because he didnt like to read letters from Megan. C. Because he wanted to finish reading it in a short time. D. Because he wanted to know whom the letter was from. 43. Megan failed to read Huws letters because _. A. her f

170、ather kept themB. they were lost on the way C. she moved to another city D. he didnt post them at all 44. Which of the following sentences can be put in the ? A. Sorry, its my fault B. Look up here C. No, he has forgotten you D. Yes, here are the ones from him 45. What can we infer from the passage?

171、 A. Huw had never got married all these years. B. Megan was still living with her father in Canada.来源:学科网ZXXK C. Megan was sure that Huw would receive her letter. D. Megan still loved Huw and felt sorry for what had happened.【答案】42.D43.A44.C45.D【解析】试题分析：本文主要讲述休汤姆斯和梅甘的爱情故事。休汤姆斯和梅甘相爱了，由于一场事故，休汤姆斯和他的父亲

172、搬到加拿大居住，梅甘答应会给休写信，可知他从没有收到她的来信。50年后，休收到他父亲原来工作的地方的来信，打开后发现是梅甘写的。梅甘告诉他，她的父亲保管者休的来信，并告诉她他不好，没有给她写信，梅甘对发生的一切感到难过，希望休能给她回信。43.A考查细节理解题。【问题】梅甘没读休的信因为_。根据第五段最后倒数第二句I found them in a box of my fathers papers.及第六段第三句Now I realized that my father kept your letters.可知选A。44.C考查语境理解题。【问题】下面的哪一个句子能放在_?根据对前句I can

173、 still remember asking if there was any letter for me(我仍然记得问是否有给我的任何来信。）以及后句my girl, I told you he was no good.（我的女儿，我告诉你了他不好。）可知她的父亲会说，没有，他已经忘记你了。故选C。考点：考查故事类阅读。17.【广西来宾】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。An old man was going home late one night with his horse and cart after a days hard work. with hi

174、s horse and cart after a days hard work. When he was not far away from his house, the light on the cart went out. He tried but could not repair it. He was near his home, and so he went along the road without a light. When a policeman saw this, he stopped the old man.“Where is your light?” asked the

175、policeman. “No man may take a cart along the road at night without a light. You know that. You have broken the law.” “I had a light, but it has just gone out,” said the old man. “I dont believe that story. Whats your name and where do you live?” asked the policeman. “Please dont write down my name,”

176、 said the old man. “My home is just there. You can see it from here. I had a light nearly the whole way.”“You came all the way without a light. Whats your name?”The old man quickly took the policemans hand and put it down on the top of the light. The light was still hot and burnt the policemans hand

177、. The policeman jumped and he was very angry. “Now, what do you think?” said the old man. “Did I come all the way without a light?”61. What does the underlined word “cart” mean in the passage?A. It means house.B. It is something pulled by a horse.C. It means light.D. It is something used for cooking

178、 food.62. The old man drove home _. A. late onenightB. with his donkeyC. with a policemanD. early one morning63. Where did the policeman stop the old man? A. Under a street light.B. At the traffic lights. C. Near the old mans home.D. Far away from the old mans home.64. Why was the old man stopped by

179、 the policeman?A. Because the light on his cart was not on. B. Because he burnt the policemans hand.C. Because he broke a street light. D. Because he didnt want to help the policeman.65. What made the policeman believe the old mans words?来源:学|科|网A. He made the policeman angry.B. He jumped and shoute

180、d angrily.C. The light burnt the policemans hand.D. He made the policeman touch the cart.【答案】61.B62.A63.C64.A65.C【解析】试题分析：本文讲述了一个老人晚上驾马车回家的故事。在路上他车上的灯灭了，他没有修好它。一个警察拦住了他，因为老人的车灯没有亮。老人为了让警察相信自己的车灯刚亮着，拿起警察的手放在车灯上，烫伤了警察的手。61.B 词义猜测题。根据An old man was going home late one night with his horse and cart afte

181、r a days hard work. 可知回家的交通工具，和马在一起的，应是马拉的车，故选B。来源:学*科*网62.A 细节理解题。根据An old man was going home late one night with his horse and cart after a days hard work. 可知这个老人驾车回家晚，故选A。63.C细节理解题。根据He was near his home, and so he went along the road without a light. When a policeman saw this, he stopped the old

182、 man.可知当这位老人在他家附近时，一位警察拦住了他。故选C。考点：故事类短文阅读。考点归纳解题思路(一)先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会心中有数，有的放矢。(二)快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内容结合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。(三)细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1. 抓住四个W和一个H，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What (事件)，When(时间)，Where(地点)，Why(原因)，How(经过)划出来。抓住了四个“

183、W”和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一些直接性的问题便可解决。2.抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系，了解人物心理，推断作者意图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点，都具有举足轻重的作用。3. 注意领会文章的寓意。4.根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文(不是重读一遍)，迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有如下几种： 直接解题法

184、。即从原文中直接找出答案。 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文中直接找出答案的可在把握全文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算，最后归纳出正确答案。题干中有suggest, conclude, conclusion, probably, reason, because, according to“等字眼时，属于推断概括型，考查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维能力。 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另外

185、的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时间允许，再将原文读一遍;用全文的主题思想统率各思考题，研究其内在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未解答的题，以便减少失误。二、题型分类初中英语阅读理解往往有以下三大题型，抓住它的解法和思路，就可以顺利做好这些题目：(一)选择符合文章的选项(二)判断正误(三)根据文章内容回答问题，现今该题型归纳在任务型阅读中，此处不做详解。解题技能从如何进一步提高阅读理解能力方面提出复习迎考策略。一、养成良好阅读心态

186、阅读时过于紧张、思想开小差等消极因素会妨碍大脑的正常思维，而保持心绪安定，精神专一等良好的阅读习惯则能大大提高大脑的思维。良好的阅读习惯来自于良好的阅读心态。因此，从现在开始，注意在平时的阅读理解训练中保持一种好的阅读心态，精力应集中，心态要平和，在碰到生词难句时不能心烦意乱，要保持一种良好的心绪，这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰，思想深刻，才能更好地把握住文章的脉络。二、注重提高阅读的速度中考英语阅读理解共由4篇文章组成，从某种程度上说，阅读理解考的也是阅读速度，要学会快速浏览，能快速找出文章的关键词句和主旨。因此要注重培养自己快速阅读的习惯，扩大眼睛阅读的广度，把逐词逐句的点式阅读变成一种较快

187、速度的线式阅读;在碰到生词或难懂的句子时不能浪费时间，可以先行越过，个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜测、推断。三、注意阅读技巧训练可以通过反复精做一篇阅读，直到全对，不断总结、调整和强化获取表层信息及内在信息或猜测、推理、判断、概括的能力;还要善于找关键句，在很多文章里第一段和每段的第一句往往是关键句，可以帮助同学们理解整个文章的主题或某一段的概括。在阅读中，要注意抓住中心思想(Mainidea)，以及文中出现的who、where、when、what及why等关键词。来源:学科网四、要坚持每天阅读来源:学科网ZXXK每天读两至三篇题材各样的小短文。要多练习富有代表性、典型性的体裁和题材

188、的阅读文章，如记叙文、议论文、说明文、应用文，幽默故事、新闻广告、文体娱乐、科普常识、文化习俗，多关注社会热点、新闻时事和身边的话题。将坚持阅读的习惯保持到考前的最后一天。五、可采取限时阅读的方法采用限时阅读，即在一定时间内读完文章及做完相关的习题。同学们对于不同的阅读材料，要采用不同的阅读方法以及阅读的速度。着重培养对阅读材料进行分析、推理和判断的能力以及对阅读内容给予评价的能力。笔者根据多年指导毕业班的经验，从如何进一步提高阅读理解能力方面提出复习迎考策略。阅读理解具体考查的内容：1、理解具体信息2、推测生词词义来源:学科网ZXXK3、理解概念性含义4、判断、推理和引申5、理解主旨要义6、

189、理解结构，句段关系7、理解作者意图考试类型：(一).细节理解(二).推理判断(三).词义猜测(四).主旨归纳解题步骤一、快速阅读，读懂大意二、明确要求，逐一解答三、重读问题，理解问题四、带着问题，重读文章模拟题1(.内蒙古乌审旗模拟)Philip is a school boy. On his twelfth birthday, he decided to give up eating meat. “I dont think its right to eat animals,” he said. “They live on the Earth just like us and they are

190、 our friends.” Philips parents were not happy about that. “You are a growing boy,” his mother said. “You need meat. Do you want to stay short and be weak?” His mother put some beef, rice and carrots in front of him. “I want you to eat all your food now,” she said. “Dont leave anything.” Philip didnt

191、 want to make his mother sad. But he ate only the rice and the carrots.“Youre a silly boy!” said his father. “Im getting very angry at you.” “Im sorry, Mum and Dad,” answered Philip. “I dont want you to be sad or angry. But I really dont want to eat any meat.” “Then have some fish, dear,” said his m

192、other. “Oh no, I cant!” cried Philip. “Fish are living things too.” “Well, you cant have anything to eat at all if you dont eat any meat or fish,” said his father.The next morning Philip got up hungry. His father walked to the school with him and asked to see the teacher. “Is this what you teach the

193、 students at school?” he asked the teacher. “Philip refuses to eat meat at home. He doesnt listen to what I say.” “I dont agree with Philip,” replied the teacher. “But I think hes brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”Philip decided to give up eating meat on his _ bi

194、rthday. A. fifth B. twelfth C. eleventh D. eighthWhat did Philips mother ask him to eat when he refused to eat meat? A. Some fish. B. Some pears. C. Some hamburgers. D. Some ice-cream.Philips mother thought that Philip would _ if he didnt eat any meat. A. feel happy B. keep healthy C. stay short D.

195、get hungryPhilips teacher teach students _.A. to listen to their parents B. to do what they think is rightC. to go to school on foot D. to give up eating animals【答案】BACBB细节理解题。题意：菲利普在几岁生日时决定放弃吃肉的？A. fifth第五；B. twelfth第十二；C. eleventh第十一；D. eighth第八。由第一段第二句：On his twelfth birthday, he decided to give

196、up eating meat.可知他在第十二岁生日时决定放弃吃肉的。故选B。A细节理解题。题意：菲利普的妈妈在菲利普拒绝吃肉时叫他吃什么？A. Some fish一些鱼；B. Some pears.一些梨；C. Some hamburgers.一些汉堡；D. Some ice-cream.一些冰淇淋。由文中的：“I dont want you to be sad or angry. But I really dont want to eat any meat.” “Then have some fish, dear,” said his mother.可知，他不吃肉时，妈妈叫他吃鱼。故选A。C

197、细节理解题。题意：菲利普的妈妈认为如果他不吃肉会怎样？A. feel happy感觉高兴；B. keep healthy保持健康；C. stay short矮；D. get hungry饿。由文中的：“You need meat. Do you want to stay short and be weak?”可知，妈妈认为如果菲利普不吃肉，他会矮、身体差。故选C。B细节理解题。题意：菲利普的老师教学生们做什么？A. to listen to their parents听父母的话；B. to do what they think is right做他们认为正确的话；C. to go to sch

198、ool on foot步行上学；D. to give up eating animals戒掉吃动物肉。由短文最后一句：“But I think hes brave to do what he thinks is right. We teach the students to do that.”可知老师教学生们勇敢地做自己认为正确的东西。故选B。考点：考查故事类短文阅读。2.（广东省南雄市第二中学九年级模拟）When people talk about air pollution, they usually think of smog, acid rain(酸性雨),and other form

199、s(形式) of outdoor air pollution. But did you know that air pollution also is inside homes, offices, hotels and other buildings？Indoor air pollution is more serious. The air in your home can be 2 to 100 times(倍数) more polluted than the air outdoors！In fact, some American doctors say that 50% of illnes

200、ses have something to do with polluted indoor air. Indoor air pollution is bad for our health in many ways. Young children and the old often suffer(遭受) more from air pollution. People with health problems may also suffer more when the air is polluted. Indoor air pollution can be bad for peoples eyes

201、, nose and throat. Air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, can also lead to cancer, heart disease, and even bad for the brain！In the great London fog in 1952, 4,000 people died in a few days because of air pollution！It is said that half a million young kids and women die each year in India because o

202、f indoor air pollution！ Therere many ways to reduce(减少) indoor air pollution. Here are some of them and see if they can help you： Increase outdoor air coming indoors and open your windows for 15 to 30 minutes each day. Turn off all the lights and fans when you dont need them. Share your room with ot

203、hers when the air conditioner is running. Dont smoke and try to stop your family members from smoking. People who smoke are going to have trouble breathing and even die someday. If youre smart, dont ever start. Environment-friendly products, such as water-based paints pollute less and work well. is

204、more serious in the writers opinion. A, outdoor air pollution B. indoor air pollution C. noise pollution D. water pollutionLots of people died each year in because of indoor air pollution. A. India B. England C. America D. China How many ways does the writer talk about to reduce indoor air pollution

205、? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. D. Seven. Which is NOT the right way to reduce indoor air pollution？ A. Open the windows for 15 to 30 minutes each day to let the fresh air in. B. Turn off the light when you dont need them. C. Dont smoke and stop others from smoking. D. Dont use water-based paints becaus

206、e they can pollute air. The best title of the passage is. A. The forms of outdoor air pollution B. The ways of reduce indoor air pollution C. The indoor air pollution D. The environment-friendly products 【答案】BABDCB细节理解题。题意：根据作者的观点什么更加严重？A, outdoor air pollution室外空气污染；B. indoor air pollution室内空气污染；C.

207、 noise pollution噪声污染；D. water pollution水污染。由第一段中的：Indoor air pollution is more serious.可知室内空气污染更加严重。故选B。A细节理解题。题意：每年在哪儿的许多人因为室内空气污染而死亡？A. India印度；B. England英国；C. America美国；D. China中国。由第一段最后一句：It is said that half a million young kids and women die each year in India because of indoor air pollution！可

208、知据说每年因为室内空气污染，印度许多小孩和妇女死去。故选A。B细节理解题。题意：作者谈论了多少条减少室内空气污染的方式？A. Four四种；B. Five五种；C. Six.六种；D. Seven.七种。根据短文最后五个自然段，每段一条建议，共五条。故选B。D推理判断题。题意：哪一个不是正确的减少室内空气污染的方式？A. Open the windows for 15 to 30 minutes each day to let the fresh air in每天开窗户15到30分钟让新鲜的空气进来；B. Turn off the light when you dont need them.不

209、需要时关灯；C. Dont smoke and stop others from smoking. 不吸烟并且阻止别人吸烟；D. Dont use water-based paints because they can pollute air. 不用水性涂料，因为它们污染环境。由短文最后一句：Environment-friendly products, such as water-based paints pollute less and work well. 可知水性涂料减少污染，效果好。因此应该提倡使用。故选D。C主旨大意题。题意：短文最好的标题是什么？A. The forms of ou

210、tdoor air pollution室外空气污染的形式；B. The ways of reduce indoor air pollution 减少室内空气污染的方式；C. The indoor air pollution室内空气污染；D. The environment-friendly products环保产品。短文主要讲述的是室内空气污染的严重性及作者的建议。故选C。考点：考查环保类短文阅读。3.（广东省湛江市模拟）What are some successful foods? McDonalds Big Macs(麦当劳的巨无霸汉堡) are popular. Instant nood

211、les have also become a global（全球性的） success. Now instant noodles are celebrating their 56th birthday! Instant noodles were invented in Japan by Momofuku Ando. Trying to find a way to make noodles last longer, Ando began experimenting and in 1958, he made the first ever pack of instant noodles. Now,

212、56 years later, theyre eaten all around the world. In fact, theyre so popular the Japanese voted (投票) instant noodles as their best invention! Each year, 95 billion packets of instant noodles are eaten, according to the World Instant Noodles Association. In the U.K., people call instant noodles “pot

213、 noodles”. University students like them a lot. During your first semester(学期),you may be given a gift bag that includes instant noodles! But watch out, people may think youre lazy if you are a pot noodle lover. Why? Because they are cheap and easy to eat! Despite(即使) the bad reputation(名声), the U.N

214、. send instant noodles as part of food aid packages. This is because of their long shelf life and high fat content, which makes you feel full for longer. However, instant noodles arent innocent(无辜的). Theyre high in fat and salt. Health experts say theyre bad for us and we shouldnt eat them too often

215、.The underlined words “instant noodles” mean “_” in Chinese.A. 方便面 B.长寿面 C. 汤面 D. 捞面Instant noodles were invented _.A. in the U.K. B. by the U.N. C. in Japan D. in 1956A pot noodles lover could be regarded to be _.A. cheap B. lazy C. easy to eat D. innocentFrom the passage, we can know that instant

216、noodles_.A. Can be kept longer than common noodles B. were the best invention in the world C. were the best food aid package D. are good for us and we should eat them oftenThe passage is mainly about _.A. how and where the instant noodles were invented B. the advantages (优势) of the instant noodlesC.

217、 the disadvantages (缺点) of the instant noodles D. All of the above (以上).【答案】ACBADC 细节理解题。题意：方便面发明于？A. in the U.K英国；B. by the U.N.联合国；C. in Japan日本；D. in 1956在1956年。由第二段第一句：Instant noodles were invented in Japan by Momofuku Ando.可知方便面发明于日本。故选C。B 细节理解题。题意：一位方便面爱好者可能被视为什么？A.cheap便宜；B. lazy懒惰；C. easy to

218、 eat容易吃；D. innocent无辜的。由第三段里的：people may think youre lazy if you are a pot noodle lover.可知人们可能认为方便面爱好者懒惰。故选B。.A 推理判断题。题意：从短文中，我们可以知道方便面的什么？A.Can be kept longer than common noodles比普通面条保存得久；B. were the best invention in the world是世界上最好的发明；C. were the best food aid package是最好的援助食品；D. are good for us a

219、nd we should eat them often对我们有好处，应该经常吃。由倒数第二段里的：the U.N. send instant noodles as part of food aid packages. This is because of their long shelf life and high fat content,可知，因它长的保质期及高脂肪含量，联合国将方便面作为食品援助计划。即方便面比其它面条保质期更长。故选A。D主旨大意题。题意：短文主要是关于什么的？A. how and where the instant noodles were invented 方便面是在

220、哪儿、怎样发明的； B. the advantages (优势) of the instant noodles方便面的优势；C. the disadvantages (缺点) of the instant noodles方便面的缺点；D. All of the above (以上).以上全部。本文讲述了方便面的发明史，其优缺点。故选D。考点：考查社会生活类短文阅读。4.(江苏省无锡市模拟)When I spent Christmas away from home in Europe for the first time, I was only 14 and it was absolutely

221、terrible. I am now married and live in the US. So there is little possibility for me to go home for Christmas. Now I am able to get through Christmas with some moments of joy:First, you are advised to search your area for stores that carry items from your home country or town. Buy food, candles and

222、some other things that mean something to you. Hold on to the traditions from your home that you think are important even if other people think they are stupid. But keep in mind to be open for new traditions from wherever you might be, because those traditions are as important to those people around

223、you as yours are to you. For me that includes celebrating Christmas on the 24th.Call, write Christmas cards, buy gifts and mail them to loved ones, just as if you were there. If you try to pretend (假装) as if the holiday doesnt exist, you are just going to make it worse.Introduce your traditions to y

224、our loved ones, especially your kids. It will only enrich their celebration of the holiday to have some unique (独一无二的) traditions in their home. Little by little it will become their tradition and its fun for them to try something new.Find clubs, churches or organizations that are from your home cou

225、ntry. Chances are that they will have some celebration with some of your traditions which you can join in.Food is one of the most important factors in any kind of tradition. Find the recipe (食谱) of that cake your grandmother used and make it your tradition to bake that particular cake.Call up your p

226、arents and get them to send you some of your favorite childhood ornaments (装饰品) for your tree.Pay attention to new traditions, talk to your family about which ones you want to make your own and stick with them.If you are far away from home, Christmas can never be the same as you experienced it befor

227、e, but it is important to remember these traditions while appreciating the new ones. Keep an open mind and find a compromise between old and new traditions.The author spent his 14th Christmas _.Aunpleasantly in the US Bjoyfully in the USCunpleasantly in Europe Djoyfully in EuropeWhy does the author

228、advise people to hunt in some special stores?ABecause people can buy some discounted goods there.BBecause people can feel less homesick there.CBecause its an old Christmas tradition.DBecause they offer goods from the hometown of the people.Which of the following statements does the author agree with

229、?AIts great for children to have some unique traditions.BPeople should join in all kinds of clubs to celebrate Christmas.CPeople should give up traditions which are stupid in other peoples eyes.DIt is popular to celebrate Christmas on the 24th around the world.The writer suggests giving a call to pa

230、rents on Christmas mainly to _.Aexpress love to them Bfollow the traditionCask for some ornaments Dset an example for children【答案】CDAC【解析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了如果你远离家乡，圣诞节就不可能和你一样以前过的一样，但重要的是要记住旧的欣赏新的。保持一个开放的心态，找到一个旧的和新的传统之间的妥协。C细节理解题。根据When I spent Christmas away from home in Europe for the first time, I w

231、as only 14 and it was absolutely terrible.故选C。D细节理解题。根据First, you are advised to search your area for stores that carry items from your home country or town. Buy food, candles and some other things that mean something to you.故选D。考点：日常生活类短文阅读。5.【贵州黔西南】阅读下面短文，根据内容选择最佳答案。Taking away a citys rubbish is

232、a big job. Every day tracks come into a city to collect it. Most rubbish is made up of things we cant eat or use. If we kept these things we would soon have a mountain of rubbish.In some cities the rubbish is collected and taken outside of city to a dump. Often the city dump is placed where the grou

233、nd is low or there is a big hole. The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces and sent into the sewage system. The sewage system takes away the used water from toilets, bathtubs and other places.To keep mice and flies away, some earth is used to cover the newly dumped rubbish. Later, grass may b

234、e planted on the rubbish-filled land. Finally, a house or a school may be built there, and then youd never know that this had once been an old rubbish dump.In other cities the rubbish is burnt in special places. The fire burns everything but the metal. Sometimes the metal can be used again in factor

235、ies where things are made of metal. The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called humus, which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help make them grow.51.Whats the main idea of the article?A.To let us kn

236、ow taking away rubbish is a big job. B.To explain the need for rubbish collection.来源:学科网C.To introduce different ways to treat rubbish. D.To tell us to take useful things out of rubbish.52.We can usually read the article in.A.a science book B.a story bookC.a history book D.a tour guide53.Whats the m

237、eaning of the word “sewage”in the article?A.吸尘 B.洗涤 C.安全 D.排污54.The food parts of rubbish can be used again.A.to feed people B.to feed plantsC.to build a house D.for us to eat55.How should we do with a used metal box in the passage?A.By throwing it away. B.By putting it in earth.C.By burning it off.

238、 D.By reusing and recycling it.来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K【答案】51.C52.A53.D54.B55.D51.C主旨大意题。题意：本文的中心是什么？A.To let us know taking away rubbish is a big job.告诉我们搬走垃圾是一项大的工程；B.To explain the need for rubbish collection.解释收集垃圾的必须；C.To introduce different ways to treat rubbish.介绍不同的处理垃圾的方式；D.To tell us to take useful

239、 things out of rubbish.告诉我们从垃圾中拿出有用的东西。本文主要讲述的是一些不同城市处理垃圾的不同方式。故选C。52.A推理判断题。题意：我们通常在哪儿可以读到本文？A.a science book科学书籍； B.a story book故事书；C.a history book历史书；D.a tour guide旅游书。本文是有关保护环境的科普知识，在科普书籍里常见。故选A。53.D词义猜测题。题意，文中的“sewage”是什么意思？A.吸尘；B.洗涤；C.安全；D.排污。句意：The kitchen rubbish is broken into small pieces

240、 and sent into the sewage system.厨房的垃圾被碎成片并且送到sewage系统里。可以推测出垃圾粉碎后，被送入排污系统。故选D。54.B细节理解题。题意：食物部分的垃圾可以再次用来做什么？A.to feed people供人吃；B.to feed plants供养植物；C.to build a house建房屋；D.for us to eat供我们吃。由最后一段里的：The food parts of rubbish are put in special piles where they slowly change into something called hu

241、mus, which looks like black earth. It is rich with the kinds of things that feed plants and help make them grow.可知，食物垃圾可以作为植物丰富的营养。故选B。考点：考查环保类短文阅读。6.【黑龙江哈尔滨】阅读理解Have you ever seen the movie. Big Hero 6 ? Baymax(大白) is a main character in the movie. Hes a friendly big robot that looks After peoples

242、health. If there is a robot like Baymax in our real life， people will get more benefits. The robot will be especially helpful in caring for the old. The health of old people needs greater monitoring and care;.Scientists in America are now working to make Baymax a really(实现)- Actually. they have alre

243、ady produced some health care robots. These robots provide brain video games to improve peoples memory. The garner can help the old remember things for longer. Besides， these provide special app (应用程序） to help the old manage their health at home. The apps can check the old people heart rate (心率) and

244、 tell them to take their medicine on lime. The apps can also record their daily activities. Such collected information helps doctors discover the cause of an illness faster and more correctly. But the health care robots are t as clever as Baymax yet.Nowadays，scientists are working on improving the h

245、ealth care robots. They Hope the robots can produce electricity by walking across the floor. If they succeed. batteries will not be needed. They also hope the robots communicate with humans in the daily life so to make people happier and healthier.Scientists are trying to realize these dreams. Like

246、Baymax， these health care robots may save peoples lives in the future. We are looking forward to them. 选择最佳答案。46. The underlined word monitoring* in the passage means “ _ ” in Chinese.A .监测 B娱乐 C .危害47. According to the passage， Baymax is A. a friendly small robot that looks after peoples healthB. a

247、s clever as the health care robots in real lifeC. a main character in the movie Big Hero 648. In the passage， the health care robots that have been produced by scientists _ .A. cant improve peoples memoryB. can communicate with humane in the daily lifeC. can help the old manage their health at home4

248、9. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Nowadays the health care robots ran product electricity by walking across the floor.B. Both the doctors and the old who use the health care robots can get help from them.C. The health earn robots can provide video games to check a persons

249、 heart rate.50. What is the passage mainly about?A. Its mainly about the movie Big Hero 6.B. Its mainly about the health care robotsC. Its mainly about the importance of health.【答案】46.A47.C48.C49.B50.B47.C细节理解题。根据Have you ever seen the movie. Big Hero 6 ? Baymax(大白) is a main character in the movie.

250、故选C。48.C细节理解题。根据Besides， these provide special app (应用程序） to help the old manage their health at home.故选C。49.B细节理解题。根据They also hope the robots communicate with humans in the daily life so to make people happier and healthier.50.B归纳理解题。根据短文主要围绕对于照顾人们的健康有帮助机器人描写的，故选B。考点：科普类短文阅读。7.【湖北随州】阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的

251、四个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。An eight-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money. Only a very expensive operation could save him now and there was no one to lend them the money.When she heard her daddy say to her tearful mother,

252、“Only a miracle(奇迹) can save him now.” the little girl went to her bedroom and pulled her money from its hiding place and counted it carefully.来源:学#科#网She hurried to a drugstore with the money in her hand.“And what do you want?” asked the salesman. “Its for my little brother,” the girl answered. “He

253、s really, really sick and I want to buy a miracle.” “Pardon?” said the salesman.“My brother Andrew has something bad growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle cost?” “We dont sell a miracle here, child. Im sorry.” the salesman said with a smile

254、.“Listen, if it isnt enough, I can try and get some more. Just tell me how much it costs.”A well-dressed man heard this and asked, “What kind of miracle does your brother need?”“I dont know,” she answered with her eyes full of tears. “Hes really sick and mum says he needs an operation. But my daddy

255、cant pay for it, so I have brought all my money.”“How much do you have?” asked the man. “$1.11, but I can try and get some more.” she answered.来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K“Well, what luck ,”smiled the man. “$1.11, the price of a miracle for your little brother.”He took up the girls hand and said , “Take me to wh

256、ere you live. I want to see your brother and meet your parents. Lets see if I have the kind of miracle you need.”That well-dressed man was Dr. Carlton Armstrong, a famous doctor. The operation was successful and it wasnt long before Andrew was home again.How much did the miracle cost?62What was the

257、trouble in the little girls family?AHer brother was seriously ill.BThey had no money.来源:学+科+网CNothing could save her brother.DBoth A and B.63In the eyes of the little girl, a miracle might be_Asomething interesting. Bsomething beautiful.Csome wonderful medicine. Dsome good food.64What made the mirac

258、le happen?AThe girls love for her brother.BThe medicine from the drugstoreCThe girls money. DNobody can tell65From the passage we can infer(推断)that_Athe doctor didnt ask for any payBa miracle is sure to happen if you keep onCthe little girl is lovely but not so cleverDAndrew was in fact not so sick

259、as they had thought【答案】62.D63.C64.A65.A【解析】试题分析：本文讲述了一个小女孩救她哥哥的故事。当小女孩听父母说只有奇迹才能救她的哥哥时，她就去药店，用自己的零花钱买奇迹。在那里他遇见了一位医生，这位医生被小女孩的行为感动了，免费为她的哥哥成功地做了手术，不久她的哥哥就回家了。62.D细节理解题。根据An eight-year-old child heard her parents talking about her little brother. All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no

260、money. 可知这个小女孩的哥哥生病了，但是家里没有钱，故选D。63.C推理判断题。根据She hurried to a drugstore with the money in her hand.和“My brother Andrew has something bad growing inside his head and my daddy says only a miracle can save him. So how much does a miracle cost?”可知小女孩去药店买奇迹，故推断她认为奇迹是一种药，故选C。考点：故事类短文阅读。8.【湖南衡阳】It was a co

261、ld snowy morning after the winter vacation. And it was my first day at my new school. I was walking alone slowly and worrying about lots of things. It was early and there werent many people on the road. Suddenly a girl who was riding her bike on ice fell down. She was trying hard to get up but fell

262、again. Without thinking, I went over and helped her. She said “thank you” with a smile and then rode away. Her words warmed me a lot.Finally, I got to school. The teacher led me to the classroom and introduced me to the class. Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl. I felt so nervous that I didn

263、t dare to look at her. Soon the first class, English, started. Their textbook was different from those in my old school. As I was wondering what to do, an English book appeared in front of me. “Lets share,” the girl beside me said. “Hi, Im Carrie.” I looked up. It was the girl I helped that morning.

264、 Later on, we became good friends.来源:Zxxk.ComFrom that I learned: to help others is actually to help ourselves!41.It was early and there were many people on the road.42.After getting up, the girl rode away without saying a word.43.The writer felt very excited when the teacher asked the writer to sit

265、 down beside a girl.44.The girl asked the writer to share the English textbook with her.45.From the story, we learned that helping others is actually helping ourselves.【答案】41.F42.F43.F来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K44.T45.T41.F 细节理解题。句意：It was early and there were many people on the road.很早，路上有许多人。由第一段里的：It was ear

266、ly and there werent many people on the road.可知，由于早，路上人不多。故本句错误。42.F 细节理解题。句意：After getting up, the girl rode away without saying a word.站起来后，女孩什么也没有说，骑车走了。由第一段最后一句：She said “thank you” with a smile and then rode away.可知，女孩爬起来后说了“谢谢”然后骑车离开的。故本句错误。来源:学.科.网43.F 细节理解题。句意：The writer felt very excited whe

267、n the teacher asked the writer to sit down beside a girl.当老师叫作者坐在一个女孩旁时，感到很激动。由第二段里的：Then he asked me to sit down beside a girl. I felt so nervous that I didnt dare to look at her. 可知当老师叫他坐在一位女孩旁时，他紧张得不敢看她。故本句错误。44.T细节理解题。句意：The girl asked the writer to share the English textbook with her.女孩叫作者和她一起用

268、英语课本。由第二段里的：As I was wondering what to do, an English book appeared in front of me. “Lets share,” the girl beside me said.可知，正当作者不知道怎么办时，女孩主动和他一起看英语书。故本句正确。45.T 细节理解题。句意：From the story, we learned that helping others is actually helping ourselves.从这个故事里，我们学到：帮助别人事实上就是在帮助我们自己。由短文最后一句：From that I learned: to help others is actually to help ourselves!可知，故事给我们的教训就是：帮助别人就是在帮助自己。故本句正确。考点：考查故事类短文阅读。