1、阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。 “The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful,” says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses(冲动) and feelings, and from that moment h
2、e gives up his moral(道德) freedom.A single angry word has lost many friends. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a pers
3、on has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. “Whoever the gods would destroy they first make them mad.” “Keep cool,” says Webster, “anger is not argument.” “Be calm in arguing,” says George Herbert, “for fierceness(狂怒) makes error a fault.”To be angry with a weak man is t
4、o prove that you are not strong yourself. “Anger,” says Pythagoras, “brings with folly and ends with regret.” You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him. Self-control is mans last and greatest victory. If a man lacks s
5、elf-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also. (from )1. Whats the
6、 main idea of the passage?A. The importance of self- control. B. How to conquer oneself?C. The relation between a mans moral freedom and his feelings.D. A man should keep cool.2. Whats the meaning of “whoever the gods would destroy they first make them mad”?A. If you are mad, the gods will kill you.
7、B. If you lose your temper first, gods will kill you first.C. If you cant control yourself, you will be crazy.D. If the gods want to kill you, they will make you mad first.3. Which of the following is NOT true, according to passage?A. The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself.B
8、. You will make a small mistake serious if you dont keep cool.C. You must measure a mans strength by the power of the feelings which conquer him.D. Anger brings with folly and ends with regret. 4. Which of the following cant help you avoid anger, according to the passage?A. Be calm in arguing. B. Ch
9、eck your temper or anger by speaking low.C. Keep your mouth shut. D. Try to make the other angry first.1. A 主旨大意题。根据文章第 1 段的第 2 句 Self-control is at the root of all the advantages 及全文的内容可知，本文的大意是“自控的重要性”。故答案选 A。2. D 语义理解题。根据上文 you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great a
10、nger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease 可知答案选 D。3. C 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第 3 段的最后一句 You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him 可知，选项 C 与之矛盾。故答案选 C。4. D 推理判断题。根据文章第 2 段的第 2 句和第 3 句以及最后一句可以排除选项 A、B、C，从而得出答案为 D。阅读理解。 Farm-raise
11、d pigs are dirty, smelly animals that get no respect. Theyre also an environmental hazard. Their manure(粪便)contains phosphorus(磷)，which, when it rains, runs off into lakes and rivers, consuming oxygen, killing fish, stimulating algae(藻类)overgrowth and emitting greenhouse gases. Doing away with the p
12、ig is not an option. Pigs provide more dietary protein, more cheaply, to more people than any other animal. Northern Europe still maintains the highest pig-to-human ratio(比率)in the world (2-1 in Denmark), but East Asia is catching up. During the 1990s, pork production doubled in Vietnam and grew by
13、70 percent in Chinaalong densely populated coastlines, pig density exceeds 100 animals per square kilometer. The resulting pollution is “threatening fragile coastal marine habitats including mangroves(红树林)，coral reefs and sea grasses ,”according to a report released in February by the Food and Agric
14、ulture Organization of the United Nations.As it turns out, there is a solution to the pig problem, but it requires a change of mind-set among environmentalists and the public. Two Canadian scientists have created a pig whose manure doesnt contain very much phosphorus at all. If this variety of pig w
15、ere adopted widely, It could greatly reduce a major source of pollution. But the Enviropig, as they call it, is the product of genetic modificationwhich is anathema(忌讳) to many Westerners. The Enviropig is one of many new technologies that are putting environmentalists and organic-food supporters in
16、 a quandary: should they remain categorically(无条件) opposed to genetically modified (GM)foods even at the expense of the environment? Elsewhere, trees grown for paper could be made amenable to much more efficient processing, reducing both energy usage and toxic chemical bleach(漂白剂) in waste water fro
17、m paper mills. The most significant GM applications will be ones that help lessen the problem of agriculture , which accounts for 38percent of the worlds landmass and is crowding out natural ecosystems and species habitats.Chances are, farmers will continue to grow their polluting organic pork, thei
18、r allergenic(引起过敏的)organic soy and their neurotoxin(神经毒素) sprayed organic apples. Worse still, they will make sure that no one else gets a choice in the matter of improving the conditions of life on earthunless, that is, others rise up and demand an alternative.11.Which of the following statements i
19、s TRUE?A. Pigs bring more destruction than benefit to human beings.B. No other countries have the higher percentage of pig-to-human than East Asia.C. The pork production has increased to 70 in China.D. The pollution brought by pigs is a killer to the creature of the sea.12. The reason accounting for
20、 the hesitation to accept the idea of the Enviropig is_.A. the poor technology B. the high costC. the moral concept D. the doubt from the public13. What does the underlined word “quandary” mean?A. an agreement B. a negotiationC. a dilemma D. an adventure14. The negative influence brought by the trad
21、itional agriculture is_-.A. more living space occupation B. more crop improvementC. more food production D. more chemical application15. What is the best title of the passage?A. How to Raise Pigs B. Whether to choose the GM FoodsC. Whats GM Foods D. The Pollution Brought by Pigs【参考答案】1115、DCCAB 阅读下列
22、短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A higher reading rate, with no loss of comprehension, will help you in other subjects as well as in English ,and the general principles apply to any language .Naturally, you will not read every book at the same speed. You would expect to read a newspaper, for ex
23、ample ,much more rapidly than a physics or economics textbook but you can raise your average reading speed over the whole range of materials you wish to cover so that the percentage gained will be the same whatever kind of reading you are concerned with .The reading passages which follow are all of
24、an average level of difficulty for your stage of instruction. They are all about five hundred words long .They are about topics of general interest which do not require a great deal of specialized knowledge. Thus they fall between the kind of reading you might find in your textbooks and the much les
25、s demanding kind you will find in a newspaper or light novel .If you read this kind of English, with understanding at four hundred words per minute, you might skim through a newspaper at perhaps 650700, while with a difficult textbook you might drop to two hundred or two hundred and fifty.Perhaps yo
26、u would like to know what reading speeds are common among native English-speaking university students and how those speeds can be improved .Tests in Minnesota, U.S.A., for example, have shown that students without special training can read English of average difficulty, for example, Tolstoys War and
27、 Peace in translation, at speeds of between 240250 words per minute with about seventy percent comprehension. Students in Minnesota claim that after twelve half-hour lessons, once a week, the reading speed can be increased, with no loss of comprehension, to around five hundred words per minute.1. Ac
28、cording to the passage, the purpose of effective reading with higher speed is most likely to help you _. Aonly in your reading of a physics textbookBimprove your understanding of an economics textbookCnot only in your language study but also in other subjectsDchoose the suitable materials to read2Wh
29、ich of the following does not describe the types of reading materials mentioned in the second paragraph? .AThose beyond ones reading comprehensionBThose concerned with common knowledgeCThose without the demand for specialized knowledgeDThose with the length of about five hundred words3The average sp
30、eed of untrained native speakers in the University of Minnesota is .Aabout three hundred words per minuteBabout two hundred and forty-five words per minuteCabout sixty words per minuteDabout five hundred words per minute4According to the passage, how fast can you expect to read after you have attend
31、ed twelve half-hour lessons in the University of Minnesota? .AYou can increase your reading speed by three timesBNo real increase in reading speed can be achievedCYou can increase your reading speed by four timesDYou can double your reading speed5Where do you think the passage is taken from ? .AThe
32、introduction to a book on fast readingBA local newspaper for young people CA school newspaper run by studentsDThe introduction to an English textbook 【参考答案】15、CABDA 阅读理解。 Whether it is “women and children first” or “every man for himself” in a shipwreck(船只失事) may depend on how long it takes the ship
33、 to sink, researchers said recently. When the Lusitania was torpedoed（用鱼雷攻击） by a German ship in 1915, it sank in 18 minutes and the majority of the survivors were young men and women who responded immediately to their powerful survival instincts（本能）. But when the Titanic struck an iceberg in 1912,
34、it took “three hours to go down, allowing time for more civilize(文明的) behavior to take controland the majority of the survivors were women, children and people with young children. Economist Benno Torgler of the Queensland University of Technology in Australia and his colleagues studied the two sink
35、ings in order to explore the economic theory that people generally behave in a “rational”(理性的) and selfish manner. The two tragedies provided a “natural experiment” for testing the idea, because the passengers on the two ships were quite similar in terms of gender (性别) and wealth. The major differen
36、ce was how long it took the ships to sink. They suggested that when people have little time to react, instincts may rule. When more time is available, social influences play a bigger role. But psychologists(心理学家) noted that many factors other than following social norms could come into play in a dis
37、aster, including an evolutionary urge to save the species, attachments(依恋) that are formed between individuals during the event and the leadership of authority figures.The extent (程度) of altruism (利他主义) and how it occurs “is a very controversial issue,” said Anthony R. Mawson, a professor of prevent
38、ive medicine at the University of Mississippi Medical Center.He thinks the dominant(主宰的) response was attachment behavior. Psychologist Daniel Kruger of the University of Michigan, US thinks that the answer lies less in social norms and more in our evolutionary heritage. Human beings have a deep ins
39、tinct to preserve our kind, he said, and that means “people are more likely to save those who have higher reproductive value, namely the young and women in child-bearing years”. Kruger also stressed the importance of leadership during a disaster, noting that the Titanics captain appeared to have gre
40、ater control than the Lusitanias.16. According to Benno Torgler, what led to the different results between the two shipwrecks?A. The survival instinct. B. The civilized behavior.C. The leadership of the captain. D. The length of time.17. Which of the follwing explanations for the two sinkings will b
41、e accepted by psychologists?A. Human beings are born to be selfish.B. The well-off will be likely to survive.C. Social status will play a decisive role in survival.D. Human survival is more significant than that of the individuals.18. The following factors have something to do with disasters behavio
42、rs EXCEPT_.A. leadership B. social division of labor C. a feeling of affection D. social regulations19. According to Daniel Kruger, the young and women in child-bearing years take the priority to survive because_.A. they make a contribution to human continuity B. they deserve everybodys sympathyC. t
43、hey have stronger survival instincts D. they are the weak who need protecting20. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The passage is mainly about two sinkings that had different result about survivals.B. The passage shows us the true causes that resulted in the two shipwrecks.C. The passage gives
44、 us a definite explanation about the different consequence of survivals of the two shipwrecks.D. The passage gives us various possible analyses about the disaster behaviors.【参考答案】1620、DDBAD 短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除
45、：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。My hometown is a pretty city，so people there are kind and polite.With coming of spring，grass and trees，and flowers grew in many colours.In summer，the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful.After autumn arrive
46、s，the city looks as an old man with leaves fallen from the trees.In winter，a lot of white birds coming to my city for food.I can wait more patiently above the sea for quite a long time.While they find fish come to the surface，they fly down immediate and catch them without delay.That is my city，and I
47、 love it very much. 答案：My hometown is a pretty city， people there are kind and polite.With coming of spring，grass and trees，and flowers in many colours.In summer，the sea under the blue is even more beautiful.After autumn arrives，the city looks an old man with leaves from the trees.In winter，a lot of
48、 white birds to my city for food. can wait more patiently above the sea for quite a long time. they find fish come to the surface，they fly down and catch them without delay.That is my city，and I love it very much.短文改错。假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加
49、一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Attention please，everyone.We accepted the weather forecast on the radio this morning that there will have a heavy rain tonight.Be sure shut the windows and doors until you leave your classrooms.
50、 The sports meet that we planned to hold on tomorrow will be put off. After it becomes fine，well make other announcement.We will have classes on Wednesday as usually.Since it is colder tomorrow，please dress on more clothes in time. Those who comes to school by bike，dont keep your umbrella open while
51、 riding.答案：Attention please，everyone.We the weather forecast on the radio this morning that there will a heavy rain tonight.Be sure shut the windows and doors you leave your classrooms.The sports meet that we planned to hold on tomorrow will be put off.After it becomes fine，well make announcement.We will have classes on Wednesday as .Since it is colder tomorrow，please on more clothes in time.Those who to school by bike，dont keep your open while riding.
