1、Section Learning about Language&Using LanguageUnit 2 English around the world重点单词写作词汇1._ n&vt.命令；指令；掌握2._ n&vt.请求；要求3._ n.口音；腔调；重音4._ n闪电5._ adv.直接；挺直adj.直的；笔直的；正直的commandrequestaccentlightningstraight拓展词汇6._ n词语；表示；表达express v表达；表示7._ adj.东方的；东部的east n东方；东部地区8._ vt.辨认出；承认；公认recognition n认出；承认expres
2、sioneasternrecognize阅读词汇9.dialect n_10.African adj._11.Spanish adj._n._12.lorry n_13.block n._14.cab n._方言非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的西班牙人；西班牙语(英)卡车街区；块；木块；石块出租车重点短语1._扮演一个角色；参与2._信不信由你3._与不同；不同于4._和一样的5._转过拐角6._来自世界各地play a part(in)believe it or notdifferent fromthe same.as.go around the cornerfr
3、om all over the world重点句型1.as 引导定语从句，意为“正如，正像”_(众所周知),British English is a little different from American English.2.There is no such.as.(世界上)没有像的Believe it or not,_(没有什么标准英语).As we knowthere is no such thing as standard English3.This is because.意为“这是因为”，because 引导表语从句_(这是因为)in the early days of radi
4、o,those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.4.the same.as.和一样的So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost _(同美国西北部的人所说的方言相同).This is becausethe same dialect as people in the northwestern USA Fast-readingSkim the text and choose the best answer.1W
5、hat does the passage tell us?AAmerican English has many different dialects.BAmericans move a lot taking their dialects with them.CPeople who report the news on TV or the radio speak the Standard English.DThere is no Standard English but excellent English with many different dialects.答案：D2Find out th
6、e main idea of each paragraph.Para.1 AAmerican English has many dialects.Para.2BGeography plays a part in making dialects.Para.3CThere is no standard English in the world.答案：CAB Careful-readingRead the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.1From the text，we know that _ is s
7、tandard English.ABritish EnglishBAmerican EnglishCthe English spoken in AustraliaDno English2People think the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English,because _Apeople believe those who reported the news speak excellent EnglishBthey speak the same EnglishCthey speak it to all the peopl
8、eDthere are some dialects on TV and the radio3How many dialects are mentioned(提到)in the text?AThree.BTwo.CFour.DFive.4Which of the following is NOT the reason for the dialects in America?APeople have come from all over the world.BSome people live in the mountains.CGeography plays a part in making di
9、alects.DThe USA is a large country.答案：14.DACBstandard adj.标准的；通常的；普通的 n标准，水平，规范，规格dialect daIlektn.方言believe it or not 信不信由你such.as.像那样/这样的expect vt.盼望；预期；预料expressionIksprenn.词语；表示；表达midwesternmIdwestnadj.中西部的；有中西部特性的southern adj.南方的；南部的AfricanfrIknadj.非洲的；非洲人的；非洲语言的SpanishspnIadj.西班牙的；西班牙人的；西班牙语的
10、n西班牙人；西班牙语neighbouring adj.附近的；毗邻的(只作前置定语)play a part(in)起作用，扮演一个角色；参与easternistnadj.东方的；东部的southeasternsaistnadj.东南方的；来自东南的the same.as.和一样的northwesternnwestnadj.西北方的；来自西北的recognizereknaIzvt.辨认出；承认；公认【核心素养链接文化采风】在中国，普通话是通用语，而在英国(大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国)，虽然名义上没有官方语，但在英语的发展历史中，有一种发音逐渐形成其重要性，成为公认的英语标准发音，这就是Recei
11、ved Pronunciation，简称为 RP。STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTSWhat is standard English?Is it spoken in Britain，the US，Canada,Australia，India and New Zealand？Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English.This is bec
12、ause in the early days of radio，those who reported the newswere expectedto speak excellent English.However,on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak.过去分词短语 spoken on TV and the radio 作后置定语，修饰the English。who 在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词 those。people speak 为定语从句，修饰先行词 the way。关系词that/in
13、which 在从句中作状语，已省略。When people use words and expressionsdifferent from the“standard language”，it is called a dialect.American English has many dialects,especially the midwestern，southern，African American and Spanish dialects.Even in some parts of the USA，two people from neighbouring towns speak a lit
14、tle differently.American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world.When 引导时间状语从句，形容词短语 different from the“standard language”作后置定语，修饰前面的 words and expressions。Geography also plays a part in making dialects.Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA sp
15、eak with an older kind of English dialect.When Americans moved from one place to another,they took their dialects with them.So people from the mountains in the southeasternUSA speak with almost the same dialect aspeople in the northwesternUSAThe USA is a large country in which many different dialect
16、s are spoken.Although many Americans move a lot,they still recognize and understand each others dialects.who 在此引导定语从句，修饰先行词 Some people。此处 as 为关系代词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词 dialect。USA 后省略了 speak with。in which 属于“介词关系代词”，引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a large country。此处 Although 引导让步状语从句。标准英语和方言什么是标准英语？是英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、印度和新西兰人所说的
17、英语吗？信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视上和收音机里(播音员)所说的就是标准英语。这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员英语说得很好。然而，在电视和收音机里，你也会听出人们的说话方式是有差别的。当人们使用不同于“标准语言”的单词或表达方式时，那种语言就被称为方言。美式英语有许多方言，特别是中西部和南部地区的方言，以及非裔美国人和西班牙人的方言。甚至在美国的一些地区，相邻两个城镇的人所说的方言也稍有不同。美式英语之所以有这么多的方言是因为那里的人来自世界各地。地理位置对方言的产生也有影响。住在美国东部山区的一些人就说着一种比较古老的英语方言。当美国人从一个地方搬到
18、另一个地方时，他们也就把他们的方言带了过去。因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。美国是一个使用多种不同方言的大国。虽然许多美国人经常搬家，但是他们仍然能够辨别并且理解彼此的方言。command n&vt.命令；指令；掌握(经典例句)My mother has a good command of several languages,such as English,French and Danish.我妈妈精通好几种语言，比如英语、法语和丹麦语。(1)under ones command由指挥，由控制be in command of控制take command of
19、控制have a command of.了解/掌握(2)command sb.to do sth.命令某人做某事command that sb.(should)do sth.命令某人做某事As far as I know，she is in command of our class at present.据我所知，她目前负责我们班。The police arrived and took command of the situation.警察到达后就控制了局势。即学即练单句语法填空The police man commanded the thief _(hand)in what he had s
20、tolen.The police man commanded that the thief _(hand)in what he had stolen.The general gave a command that they _(start)at once.to hand(should)hand(should)start链接写作高考小作文(2018浙江卷 6 月)我的确相信我适合这项志愿者工作，因为我精通英语口语。I do believe I am very fit for this voluntary work,because I_.have a good command of spoken
21、Englishrequest n&vt.请求；要求(经典例句)Faced with such a difficult situation,he had to make a request for help.面对如此困境，他只好请求帮助。(1)make a request for请求；要求at the request of sb.应某人的要求(2)request sb.to do sth.请求/要求某人做某事request that.(should)do.请求/要求做某事request.from.向请求The boy requested a cellphone from his parents.
22、男孩向父母要一款手机。The tourist came up to the native,and made a request for his help.这位游客走向那位本地人，请求他的帮助。即学即练单句语法填空Visitors are requested not _(smoke)here.He will take an active in the activity _ the request of us.链接写作一句多译班主任要求我们复习功课。Our headteacher requested us _ over our lessons.Our headteacher requested t
23、hat we _ over our lessons.to smokeatto go(should)goexpression n词语；表示；表达；表情(经典例句)In order to learn English well，youd better frequently use important words and expressions in everyday life.为了学好英语，你最好在日常生活中经常运用重要的单词和短语。(1)beyond expression无法形容；表达不出without expression毫无表情(2)express vt.表达express oneself表达
24、自己的意思The beauty of the West Lake is beautiful beyond expression.西湖的景色美得无法形容。He is still unable to express himself in English.他仍旧不能用英语表达自己的意思。即学即练单句语法填空I find it difficult to memorize all the words and _(express)in such a short time.The _(express)on his face suggested that he was angry.Even if I have
25、 lived in London for three months,I still have some trouble _(express)myself.expressionsexpressionexpressingplay a part(in)扮演一个角色；参与(经典例句)As we all know,computers play an important part inmodern society.众所周知，计算机在现代社会中起着重要的作用。play a part in play a role in 在扮演一个角色；在起作用play the part/role of.扮演的角色take p
26、art in参加As a matter of fact,music plays an important part in our daily life.事实上，音乐在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。即学即练单句语法填空The famous actor played _ part of a policeman in the film.Mobile phones are playing _ important part in our daily life.链接写作完成句子她积极参与学校举行的各种各样的活动。She _ all kinds of activities held by school.t
27、heantakes an active part inrecognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认(经典例句)It is recognized that the environment pollution has become more and more serious.人们公认环境污染已变得越来越严重了。(1)recognize ones voice 辨别出某人的声音(2)be recognized as.被承认为recognize sb.to be.承认某人是recognizethat从句承认The moment I answered the phone，I recognized his
28、voice.我一接电话，就听出了他的声音。He didnt recognize that he had made a big mistake.他不承认自己犯了一个大错。即学即练单句语法填空The city has been built up so fast that it has changed beyond _(recognize)He _(recognize)by his fans though he wore a pair of sunglasses.链接写作完成句子我们认为他是一个勤奋并且诚实的人。We _a hardworking and honest person.recognit
29、ionwas recognizedrecognize/consider him to bethere is no such.(as.)(世界上)没有(像)这样的(教材 P13)Believe it or not，there is no such thing as standard English.信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。句中“no such单数名词”意为“没有这样的”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a/an单数名词”；as 在此为介词。There is no such(There is not such a)man in our neighbourhoo
30、d.我们的居民区没有这样的人。It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.它能帮助你认识到根本就没有完美的演讲。链接写作完成句子众所周知，天下没有不劳而获这回事的。As is known to us,_ as something for nothing.there is no such thingThis/That is because.这/那是因为(教材 P13)This is because in the early days of radio,those who reported the
31、news were expected to speak excellent English.这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员英语说得很好。This/That is because.这/那是因为This/That is why.这/那就是的原因。The reason why.is that.原因是He missed the first bus and that was because he got up late this morning.他没能赶上早班车，那是因为他今天早上起晚了。The reason why he failed in the exam was that he d
32、idnt work hard.他没有通过考试的原因是他学习不够努力。链接写作一句多译你改进了学习方法。那就是你进步这么快的原因。You have made great progress in English._you have improved your studying methods.You have improved your studying methods，_ you have made great progress in English.That is becausethats whythe same(.)as.和一样；与相同(教材 P13)So people from the m
33、ountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA.因此，美国东南部山区的人同美国西北部地区的人所说的方言几乎是一样的。(1)the same.as.表示同类的事物(2)the same.that.表示同一个事物As a matter of fact,I have the same trouble as you.事实上，我和你有同样的烦恼。链接写作完成句子这本书和李先生丢的书一样。This is the same book _ Mr.Li lost.这就是李先生丢的那本书。This is the same book _ Mr.Li lost.asthat按ESC键退出全屏播放本部分内容讲解结束
