1、山东省日照市莒县2019-2020学年高二英语上学期期中试题（含解析）本试卷共四部分，共 12 页。满分 150 分。考试时间 120 分钟。注意事项：1. 答题前，考生务必用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔将自己的学校、姓名、座号、考生号、科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2. 一、二部分选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3. 三、四部分必须用 0.5 毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作
2、答的答案无效。第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman want the man to do?A. Bring her a blanket. B. Shut the windows. C. Turn d
3、own the heat.2. What might the boy do after school?A. Wait at school for his mother.B. Go to the park with his mother.C. Play on the swings with Katie.3 How does the woman feel?A. Angry. B. Happy. C. Nervous.4. What happened to the man?A. He paid 10 dollars for a shirt.B. He got a shirt from his fri
4、end.C. He bought the shirt at a higher price.5. Where did the woman put up the painting?A. In the bathroom. B. In the bedroom. C. In the living room.第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或
5、独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. Who is the man?A. A baseball coach. B. A baseball player. C. A baseball fan.7. How much did the woman charge the man?A. Four dollars. B. Eight dollars. C. Ten dollars.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。8. Why cant Jeremy cut the womans hair?A. He is not at work today.B. He is cutting som
6、eone elses hair.C. The woman didnt arrive on time.9. What does the woman want to know?A. If she can stay in the waiting area.B. If Landon can cut her hair instead.C. If someone will call her when its her turn.听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。10. Where might the speakers be?A. In Australia. B. In the US. C. In
7、 New Zealand.11. When might the mans daughter receive the package?A. In four to five days. B. In two or three weeks. C. In a month.12. What happened to the woman during Christmas?A. She got a package from Africa.B. She received a package one week late.C. She tried to send a present to her brother.听第
8、 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。13. What do we know about the speakers?A. They are colleagues now.B. They graduated from the same college.C. They used to be childhood friends.14. What does the woman say about Hawaii?A. Its hard to find a job there.B. People there are friendly.C. The weather there is nice.15. W
9、here does the man live?A. In his parents house. B. In an apartment. C. In the school dormitory.16. What does the woman want to do for work?A. Work in the fashion industry.B. Keep working for Google.C. Study the brain.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. What does the man think is the most valuable part of th
10、e tour?A. Telling stories about classes.B. Getting to know the college as a whole.C. Learning detailed facts about the student center.18. What does the man suggest about the library?A. Food is sold there.B. It is only popular for studying.C. The rules are not very strict there.19. When does the stud
11、ent center close on weekend nights?A. At two oclock in the morning.B. At twelve oclock at night.C. At ten oclock at night.20. What will the man probably discuss next?A. Famous professors. B. Gym cost. C. Sports teams.第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最
12、佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AGrand Canyon National ParkGrand Canyon National Park is located entirely in northern Arizona, which takes up 277 miles of the Colorado River and nearby uplands. It became a National Park on Feb 26, 1919 and was made a World Heritage Site in 1979.Grand Canyon Hotels, Lodging and Camp
13、ingThe South Rim (边缘) has quite a collection of lodges and hotels in the Park and there is also a large campground at the Mather Campground (open year-round) and the Desert View Campground, (open from mid-May through mid-October). In the town of Tusayan, just outside the south entrance station, are
14、the Grand Canyon Squire Inn, the Grand Hotel, etc. On the NorthRim, the Grand Canyon Lodge is the only lodging inside the Grand Canyon National Park. The North Rim also closes in winter when snows block the roads. The North Rim Campground is open from mid-May to mid-October.Activities and Park Use i
15、n the Grand CanyonThe canyon may be viewed from the rim at a number of overlooks along Desert View Drive and Hermit Road (closed to private vehicles during shuttle bus season, when it may be accessed by free park shuttles). Visitors may also hike along the rim on the Rim Trail or below the rim on a
16、number of inner canyon trails. All hiking at Grand Canyon needs great effort and energy. The park offers a variety of activities at the Grand Canyon including helicopter tours, jeep tours, train rides and plane flights throughout the year.Climate of Grand Canyon National ParkThe South Rim is 7000 fe
17、et above sea level, which means snow in winter and cool nights even in summer. Summer temperatures along the Colorado River at the canyon bottom can reach 120 F. The North Rim is 8000 feet above sea level and can receive snow throughout most of the year. The weather is particularly changeable in the
18、 spring and fall; visitors should be prepared for a variety of climates.Visitor Totals to the Grand CanyonThere are over five million visitors per year. Peak season runs from April through October; winter holiday weekends are crowded. Summers are extremely crowded.1. Which place will people choose i
19、f they want to spend a night inside the Park in December?A. Mather Campground.B. The Grand Hotel.C. The Grand Canyon Squire Inn.D. The North Rim Campground.2. What would you do if you want to challenge yourself?A. Drive in the canyon.B. Hike along the rim.C. Make helicopter tours.D. Take train rides
20、.3. From the passage we learn that .A. winter presents the best view for visitorsB. free park shuttles are accessible all year roundC. avoiding visiting the Park in summer in case of big crowdsD. each season in the Grand Canyon Park seems like spring.【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章向读者讲述了大峡谷国家公园旅游事宜
21、。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“The South Rim (边缘) has quite a collection of lodges and hotels in the Park and there is also a large campground at the Mather Campground (open year-round) and the Desert View Campground, (open from mid-May through mid-October).”（在公园内南部边缘有许多旅馆和旅馆，马瑟营地（全年开放）和沙漠景观营地（5月中旬至10月中旬开放）也有一
22、个大型露营地。），可知马瑟营地是全年开放的，如果人们想在十二月在公园里过夜，可选择Mather Campground。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Visitors may also hike along the rim on the Rim Trail or below the rim on a number of inner canyon trails. All hiking at Grand Canyon needs great effort and energy.”（游客也可以沿着边缘小径的边缘或边缘以下的一些内部峡谷小径徒步旅行。在大峡谷徒步旅行需要极大的努力和精力
23、。），可知如果你想挑战自己，可选择沿着边缘远足来挑战一下自己的耐力。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段“There are over five million visitors per year. Peak season runs from April through October; winter holiday weekends are crowded. Summers are extremely crowded.”（每年有五百万游客。旺季从四月到十月；寒假周末人满为患。夏天非常拥挤。），可知夏季人多，从这篇文章可得出夏天要避免去公园，以防人潮太多。故选C项。BEnter Nic
24、k Spiglers room and youll find the delicate nest of a tree swallow and rows of books about birds. Clearly, this 16-year-old boy has his head in the clouds and his feet off the ground. Several times a week, Ellie Andreen, 15, visits a park near her home to check on her little family. The boxes she pl
25、aced there last winter have produced several babies of bluebirds, which Ellie fusses over like a mother hen.These young bird-watchers are not the only youngsters who enjoy birding in the United States county of Harford, Maryland. Local schools there offer programs in ornithology (鸟类学), even if some
26、kids cant yet spell the word.Both Nick and Ellie took up birding early on. They call themselves the Early Birds, Feathered Friends or Bird Buddies. Once a month, they join groups of 20 to 30 students to walk through nearby fields before class at 7:30 am, hoping to spot a woodpecker or oriole (黄鹂) wi
27、th binoculars.“Being part of the bird club since second grade made it seem more common than just some strange hobby,” Nick said. “I had to get up at 6:30 am for the walks. That was for the birds, so I didnt mind.”Since then, he has attended bird camps, studied bird habits and migratory patterns, and
28、 personally seen 190 of the more than 400 species in Maryland.Raising youth awareness is a must, longtime birders say. Mary Murray, 65, a leading member of the Harford Bird Club, said, “These children are going to inherit Earth, and we need to teach them early how to take care of it. Birds are an in
29、dicator species, like canaries (金丝雀) in a coal mine, and if kids pay attention to what birds are doing, they will understand the health of their environment.”4. What does the underlined phrase “fusses over” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Looks at.B. Fights with.C. Plays with.D. Gives attention to.5
30、. What do we know about bird-watching in Harford County?A. It is considered a strange but cool hobby.B. It interests more local young people than adults.C. Ornithology classes have helped make it popular.D. Students must pass a bird-watching class at school.6. What does Mary Murray think birding mea
31、ns for children?A. It will allow them to know more about different species.B. It will improve their understanding of their environment.C. It will teach them how to appreciate non-bird species.D. It will raise their awareness of teamwork.7. What is the best title for the passage?A. Bird protection is
32、 in actionB. Bird camps in MarylandC. How to take care of birds?D. Nick Spiglers bluebird boxes【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，Harford County的Nick和Ellie的观鸟故事。【4题详解】短语猜测题。由第一段中的“Several times a week, Ellie Andreen, 15, visits a park near her home to check on her little family. The boxes she
33、placed there last winter have produced several babies of bluebirds, which Ellie fusses over like a mother hen.”（15岁的Ellie Andreen每周都会去她家附近的一个公园看望她的小家庭。去年冬天她放在那里的盒子里产下了几只蓝鸲宝宝，Ellie像母鸡一样对它们大惊小怪。）可知Ellie在树上的盒子里有几只蓝鸲宝宝，她像母鸡一样，说明她对蓝鸲宝宝很关注，fusses over在此处意为“Gives attention to（关注）”。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中的“L
34、ocal schools there offer programs in ornithology (鸟类学), even if some kids cant yet spell the word.”（当地的学校提供鸟类学课程，即使有些孩子还不会拼写单词。）第三段中的“Once a month, they join groups of 20 to 30 students to walk through nearby fields before class at 7:30 am, hoping to spot a woodpecker or oriole (黄鹂) with binoculars.
35、”（每月一次，他们会在早上7:30上课前加入20到30名学生的小组，在附近的田野里散步，希望能用望远镜发现啄木鸟或黄鹂。）第四段中的“Being part of the bird club since second grade made it seem more common than just some strange hobby,” Nick said.”（尼克说：“从二年级起就加入了鸟类俱乐部，这比一些奇怪的爱好更常见。”）和第五段“Since then, he has attended bird camps, studied bird habits and migratory patt
36、erns, and personally seen 190 of the more than 400 species in Maryland.”（从那时起，他参加了鸟类营地，研究了鸟类的习性和迁徙模式，并亲自在马里兰州看到了400多种鸟类中的190种。），可推断出Harford County的鸟类学课程，让孩子对鸟类感兴趣，也促进了鸟类学课程的流行。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“Mary Murray, 65, a leading member of the Harford Bird Club, said, “These children are going to inhe
37、rit Earth, and we need to teach them early how to take care of it. Birds are an indicator species, like canaries (金丝雀) in a coal mine, and if kids pay attention to what birds are doing, they will understand the health of their environment.”（65岁的玛丽默里是Harford鸟类俱乐部的主要成员，她说：“这些孩子将要继承地球，我们需要尽早教会他们如何照顾地球。
38、鸟类是一种指示物种，就像煤矿里的金丝雀一样，如果孩子们注意到鸟类的行为，他们就会了解环境的健康状况。”）可推断出玛丽默里认为观鸟可以提高孩子们对环境的了解。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。前面五段都在讲“Harford County的Nick和Ellie的观鸟故事”，由最后一段“Raising youth awareness is a must, longtime birders say. Mary Murray, 65, a leading member of the Harford Bird Club, said, “These children are going to inherit
39、 Earth, and we need to teach them early how to take care of it. Birds are an indicator species, like canaries (金丝雀) in a coal mine, and if kids pay attention to what birds are doing, they will understand the health of their environment.”（长期观鸟的人说，提高青少年的意识是必须的。65岁的玛丽默里是Harford鸟类俱乐部的主要成员，她说：“这些孩子将要继承地球
40、，我们需要尽早教会他们如何照顾地球。鸟类是一种指示物种，就像煤矿里的金丝雀一样，如果孩子们注意到鸟类的行为，他们就会了解环境的健康状况。”）可知本文主要是想通过Harford County的观鸟故事，告诉读者，观鸟有助于提高环境保护意识，让人们行动起来保护鸟类，A项“鸟类保护正在行动”符合文意。故选A项。CIf youre looking for European culture, there are few better places to visit than Switzerland. Known as the melting pot of Europe, it combines the
41、cultures of Europe with extreme beauty and fantastic food.Switzerlands culture is a combination of neighboring states: France, Germany, and Italy. The result is a multilingual country, as eastern Switzerland speaks French, the southern part speaks Italian and the rest speaks German.Like the language
42、, the cuisine is also quite different by region. If you visit cities like Geneva, youll find traditional French dishes like fondue and raclette, melted Swiss cheese served over bread or potatoes. Meanwhile, in German-speaking regions, like Zurich, youll find Rosti, a typical side dish made from frie
43、d potatoes.However, if theres one thing that unites the Swiss and the rest of the world, its their love of chocolate. Swiss chocolate factories are “the most luxurious in the world”. US travel blogger Sarah Schmalbruch wrote on Business Insider that famous brands, like Lindt, are based in the countr
44、y. Visitors to Switzerland can enjoy tasting chocolates, and even take classes from master chocolate makers.Aside from the wide variety of food on offer, Switzerland also offers thrills. The Swiss Alps offer year-round skiing and mountain climbing with local experts. Besides, you can visit the beaut
45、iful Matterhorn, known for its distinctive pyramid shape and snow-capped peak. Standing at a height of more than 4,400 meters, it is the most pictured mountain in the world, according to Smithsonian magazine.But if city culture is more your thing, youll find a large group of museums and art gallerie
46、s, not to mention the worlds largest teddy bear museum in Basel.Even the largest Swiss cities tend to be laid back (悠闲自在的), but with many exciting activities and cultural sites, Switzerland is perfect for every taste. After all, where else in Europe offers you the culture of four different countries
47、?8. The author presents Switzerland as a multi-cultural country by introducing its .A. architecture and foodB. languages and foodC. festivals and architectureD. costumes and festivals9. Why does the author mention Sarah Schmalbruchs words?A. To stress the popularity of Swiss chocolates.B. To prove S
48、wiss chocolates are difficult to make.C. To show how delicious Swiss chocolates are.D. To show the history of Swiss chocolates.10. What can you find in Switzerland?A. The largest art gallery.B. The safest skiing location.C. The most pictured mountain.D. The oldest teddy bear museum.11. The author wr
49、ote the article mainly to .A. discuss Switzerlands history and cultureB. give advice to visitors to SwitzerlandC. recommend some famous places to peopleD. introduce what tourists can enjoy in Switzerland【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章简单地向读者介绍了游客在瑞士可以享受什么。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Known as the melti
50、ng pot of Europe, it combines the cultures of Europe with extreme beauty and fantastic food.”（它被称为欧洲的大熔炉，它将欧洲的文化与令人惊叹的美丽和美味的食物结合在一起。）第二段“Switzerlands culture is a combination of neighboring states: France, Germany, and Italy. The result is a multilingual country, as eastern Switzerland speaks French
51、, the southern part speaks Italian and the rest speaks German.”（瑞士的文化是由法国、德国和意大利等邻国组成的。其结果是一个多语种国家，因为瑞士东部讲法语，南部地区讲意大利语，其余地区讲德语。）和第三段中的“Like the language, the cuisine is also quite different by region.”（和语言一样，不同地区的菜肴也大不相同。），可知本文通过语言与食物介绍瑞士是一个多元文化国家。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。由第四段中的“Swiss chocolate factories ar
52、e “the most luxurious in the world”. US travel blogger Sarah Schmalbruch wrote on Business Insider that famous brands, like Lindt, are based in the country.”（瑞士巧克力工厂是“世界上最豪华的”。美国旅游博客Sarah Schmalbruch在商业内幕上写道，像Lindt这样的知名品牌都设在美国。）可推断出作者提到Sarah Schmalbruch的话是为了强调瑞士巧克力的流行。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第五段中的“Beside
53、s, you can visit the beautiful Matterhorn, known for its distinctive pyramid shape and snow-capped peak. Standing at a height of more than 4,400 meters, it is the most pictured mountain in the world, according to Smithsonian magazine.”（此外，您还可以参观美丽的马特宏峰，它以其独特的金字塔形状和白雪皑皑的山峰而闻名。据史密森学会杂志报道，这座山海拔4400多米，是
54、世界上照片最多的山。）可知马特宏峰形状独特，景色美丽，关于它的照片很多，说明这座山很引人注目，因此在瑞士你能找到最引人注目的山。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“If youre looking for European culture, there are few better places to visit than Switzerland.”（如果你在寻找欧洲文化，没有比瑞士更好的地方了。）第三段中的“Like the language, the cuisine is also quite different by region.”（和语言一样，不同地区的菜肴也大不相同。
55、）第四段中的“However, if theres one thing that unites the Swiss and the rest of the world, its their love of chocolate.”（然而，如果说有一件事能让瑞士人和世界其他地方团结起来，那就是他们对巧克力的热爱。）第五段中的“Aside from the wide variety of food on offer, Switzerland also offers thrills.”（除了种类繁多的食物外，瑞士也提供刺激。）和第六段“But if city culture is more your
56、thing, youll find a large group of museums and art galleries, not to mention the worlds largest teddy bear museum in Basel.”（但如果城市文化更适合你，你会发现一大批博物馆和美术馆，更不用说巴塞尔世界上最大的泰迪熊博物馆了。）可推断出本文主要介绍游客在瑞士可以享受什么。故选D项。DHave you ever said to a friend “That roses smell is really sweet!” only to find that your friend c
57、ant smell anything at all?According to a study published in the journal PNAS in May, people have different abilities to recognize certain odors (气味) and its linked to different genes.For the study, 300 people were placed among 150 jars with different odors. At a given time, they had to smell an odor
58、 and then rate the intensity (强度) and pleasantness of the odor on a scale from 1 (extremely weak/unpleasant) to 7 (extremely strong/pleasant). Before they left, the participants needed to leave a blood sample.After comparing genes of the participants, researchers found all had different smelling abi
59、lities and that the differences between these abilities could be traced to certain genes.According to The New York Times, human beings have nearly 400 genes that directly control receptors (器官) and influence the way these receptors become active.“Odors . turn on specific receptors, which then tells
60、us if were smelling a flower, how strong we find it, and whether we like it,” said Casey Trimmer, a geneticist and the lead author of the study. “One small change in the gene for the receptor can change its shape and how well the odor fits, thereby changing the awareness of the odor.”Though genes pl
61、ay a decisive role in our ability to smell, other factors, including attention, past associations and expectations, are important as well. For example, if we love the smell of roses, we are drawn to their smell and pay special attention to it.But what does our different abilities to sense odors mean
62、?“Smelling is the most important sense for the rest of the animal kingdom,” said Trimmer. Although, unlike other animals, humans arent any longer dependent on their sense of smell to find food or detect danger, smell is still a significant sense. There is also evidence that a reduced sense of smell
63、is an early symptom of Alzheimers disease.12. What did the study find about smelling?A. Men and women have different smelling abilities.B. Differences between smelling abilities lie in genes.C. Peoples abilities to smell change over time.D. Human beings can tell 150 odors apart.13. What can we learn
64、 from Casey Trimmers words?A. Our receptors wont work when we smell an unpleasant smell.B. Peoples preferences for smells can affect their health.C. Small changes in genes for smelling make a difference.D. The sense of smell is the most important human sense.14. Which might influence our smelling ab
65、ility according to the text?A. Past experiences.B. The environment.C. Other senses.D. The cultural belief.15. What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Man has a better sense of smell than animals.B. Man can use their sense of smell to detect danger.C. The loss of smelling causes many health p
66、roblems.D. Poor smelling ability may be a signal of early disease.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，一项研究表明：人们对某些气味的识别能力不同，与不同的基因有关。【12题详解】细节理解题。由第四段“After comparing genes of the participants, researchers found all had different smelling abilities and that the differences between these abi
67、lities could be traced to certain genes.”（研究人员通过比较参与者的基因后发现，所有人都有不同的嗅觉能力，这些能力之间的差异可以追溯到某些基因上。），可知研究发现嗅觉能力的差异在于基因。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第六段中的“One small change in the gene for the receptor can change its shape and how well the odor fits, thereby changing the awareness of the odor.”（受体基因的一个微小变化就可以改变它的形状和气
68、味的适应程度，从而改变对气味的认识），从凯西特里默的话中可知嗅觉基因的微小变化会产生不同。故选C项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第三段中的“Though genes play a decisive role in our ability to smell, other factors, including attention, past associations and expectations, are important as well.”（虽然基因对我们嗅觉的能力起着决定性的作用，但其他因素，包括注意力、过去的联系和期望，也很重要。），可知注意力、过去的经历和期望也可能会影响我们的嗅
69、觉能力。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段中的“There is also evidence that a reduced sense of smell is an early symptom of Alzheimers disease.”（还有证据表明嗅觉减退是老年痴呆症的早期症状。），可推断出嗅觉能力差可能是早期疾病的信号。故选D项。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It is known to us that every year of high school is a to
70、ugh and busy time._16_ We all know that not getting enough sleep is not good for our health, but it has been found that less sleep could even cause us to have fewer friends.According to researchers from the University of California, people who dont get enough sleep are less willing to socialize with
71、 others._17_The researchers carried out a small study. They tested 18 young participants who had just had a good nights sleep, and tested them again after a sleepless night._18_ When each person on the video got too “close”, they could choose to stop the video.The results showed that the participant
72、s kept each person at a distance of 60 percent further back if they hadnt gotten enough sleep._19_ But when the participants got a good nights sleep, they allowed the person to get much closer to them.According to lead researcher Matthew Walker, the less sleep you get, the less you want to socialize
73、 with others. In turn, other people may think youre strange and stay away from you. _20_So if you want to be a more sociable and popular person, sleeping well might help. “One night of good sleep makes you feel more outgoing and socially confident,” Walker said.A. They are simply too tired to go out
74、.B. Too little sleep makes us get sick easily.C. You may have trouble getting enough sleep.D. Here are some tips to help you beat your sleep problems.E. They felt that their personal space was being taken over.F. This can make you feel lonely and cause you to sleep even less.G. The participants watc
75、hed videos of people walking toward them.【答案】16. C 17. A 18. G 19. E 20. F【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，一项研究表明：睡眠不足的人更不愿意与他人交往。【16题详解】由上一句“我们都知道，高中的每一年都是一段艰难而忙碌的时光。”和下一句“我们都知道睡眠不足对我们的健康不利，但人们发现睡眠不足甚至会导致我们的朋友减少。”可知，高中艰难而忙碌，学生们无法获得足够的睡眠，睡眠不足对身体不好，还影响交友，承接上下文，C选项“可能无法获得足够的睡眠。”切题；该选项中的have trouble getting enough sl
76、eep对应下文中的not getting enough sleep。故选C项。【17题详解】由上一句“据加州大学的研究人员称，睡眠不足的人更不愿意与他人交往。”可知，承接上文，A选项“他们实在太累了，以至于不想出去。”切题；上下两句具有因果逻辑关系，因为睡眠不足，累的不愿出门，只想睡觉，所以不愿意与他人交往。故选A项。【18题详解】由下一句“视频中的每个人都太“接近”时，他们可以选择停止视频。”可知，承接下文，G选项“参与者观看了人们走向他们的视频。”切题；该选项中的videos of people walking toward them对应下文中的each person on the vid
77、eo got too “close”。故选G项。【19题详解】由上一句“结果显示，如果没有足够的睡眠，参与者会让每个人保持60%的距离。”可知，保持60%的距离，说明私人空间被占去了许多，承接上文，E选项“他们觉得他们的私人空间被占去了。”切题。故选E项。【20题详解】由上两句“根据首席研究员马修沃克的说法，睡眠越少，你就越不想和别人交往。反过来，别人可能会觉得你很奇怪，离你远远的。”可知，别人离你远远的，你会感到孤独，承接上文，F选项“这会让你感到孤独，让你睡得更少。”切题。故选F项。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分
78、30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ten years ago I was visiting Costa Rica when I found I was in a bad situation. I only knew basic Spanish, and the only _21_ I had were some coins and a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks.With the coins, I managed to arrive at Sant
79、a Rosa by bus. It was _22_ in the middle of the night, but I could see some_23_ in the distance, so I_24_ toward them.I went _25_ door to door, explaining my situation. “I can _26_ and clean and look after your kids, I can do anything, can you give me a_27_ ?” Everybody replied saying “Oh my gosh, b
80、ut we are so_28_ . We have no extra food. Maybe you can try the next_29_ .”Finally, I arrived at a Chinese restaurant, the owner of which was unbelievably_30_. She told me that her son had a(n) _31_ experience. At that time, some other people were very kind to him, and she remembered how _32_ that m
81、ade her feel. She called the Red Cross to_33_ me. With their help, I spent my_34_ days in Costa Rica.Ive _35_ all over the world. But this was one of the best trips, the best two _36_ I ever had in my traveling life.At first, I felt _37_ and stupid for not traveling with a clear plan. But then I rea
82、lized that when youre in a position to be able to_38_, it actually makes people feel happier.Being able to receive kindness is a _39_for other people as well. And kindness_40_ more kindness in small ripples (涟漪).21. A. toolsB. recordsC. choicesD. things22. A. busyB. hotC. darkD. cold23. A. storesB.
83、housesC. bookshopsD. bus-stops24 A. walkedB. fledC. wanderedD. jumped25. A. hittingB. knockingC. answeringD. kicking26. A. cookB. fishC. swimD. fight27. A. coffeeB. bedC. tipD. job28. A. unluckyB. poorC. ordinaryD. hard29. A. companyB. factoryC. familyD. restaurant30. A. kindB. politeC. honestD. eas
84、ygoing31. A. relaxingB. differentC. similarD. pleasant32. A. toughB. gratefulC. terribleD. warm33. A. seizeB. checkC. findD. rescue34. A. remainingB. passingC. rewardingD. exciting35. A. surveyedB. drivenC. traveledD. studied36. A. daysB. weeksC. monthsD. years37. A. ashamedB. optimisticC. fortunate
85、D. curious38. A. offerB. helpC. receiveD. repay39. A. talentB. giftC. chanceD. character40. A. provesB. reflectsC. forcesD. inspires【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，作者十年前去哥斯达黎加旅游时发现自己处境很糟糕，后来一
86、个中国饭店老板帮助了他。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只懂基本的西班牙语，我仅有的东西是一些硬币和两周后回危地马拉的机票。A. tools工具；B. records记录；C. choices选择；D. things东西。由下文的I had were some coins and a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks可知，这是作者唯一拥有的东西。故选D项。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看见远处的一些房子，所以我朝它们走去。A. busy繁忙的；B. hot热的；C. dark黑暗的；D. cold寒冷的。由下文
87、的in the middle of the night可知，半夜天黑。故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看见远处的一些房子，所以我朝它们走去。A. stores商店；B. houses房子；C. bookshops书店；D. bus-stops公交站。由下文的I went _5_ door to door可知，作者看到了远处的一些房子。故选B项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：半夜里天很黑，但我能看见远处的一些房子，所以我朝它们走去。A. walked走路；B. fled逃跑；C. wandered闲逛；D. jumped跳。由下文的I went _5_
88、 door to door可知，作者朝房子走去，挨家挨户敲门。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我挨家挨户地敲门，解释我的处境。A. hitting打击；B. knocking敲；C. answering回答；D. kicking踢。由本处语境可知，此处指作者挨家挨户敲门。故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会做饭、打扫卫生、照顾你的孩子，我什么都能做，你能给我一份工作吗？A. cook做饭；B. fish钓鱼；C. swim游泳；D. fight打架。由下文的and clean and look after your kids可知，此处指作者会做饭、打扫卫生、照顾
89、孩子。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我会做饭、打扫卫生、照顾你的孩子，我什么都能做，你能给我一份工作吗？A. coffee咖啡；B. bed床；C. tip提示；D. job工作。由上文语境可知，作者现在只有几个硬币，他想通过付出劳动找一份工作赚钱。故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：天哪，我们太穷了。A. unlucky不幸的；B. poor贫穷的；C. ordinary普通的；D. hard困难的。由下文的We have no extra food可知，此处指说话人说自己太穷了。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意：也许你可以试试下一个家庭。A. c
90、ompany公司；B. factory工厂；C. family家庭；D. restaurant餐馆。由上文语境可知，作者挨家挨户敲门找工作，此处指说话人让作者去下一家试试（找工作）。故选C项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我来到一家中餐馆，那家餐馆的主人非常和蔼。A. kind善良的；B. polite礼貌的；C. honest诚实的；D. easygoing随和的。由下文语境可知，中餐馆女老板帮助了自己，说明女老板很善良。故选A项。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我她儿子也有类似的经历。A. relaxing令人放松的；B. different不同的；C. si
91、milar相似的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。由下文的some other people were very kind to him可知，她的儿子也有过类似的经历。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那时候，其他人对他很好，她想起了那使她多么感激的心情。A. tough艰难的；B. grateful感激的；C. terrible可怕的；D. warm温暖的。由上文的some other people were very kind to him可知，其他人对她儿子很好，她很感激。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她打电话给红十字会来救我。A. seize抓住；B
92、. check核查；C. find发现；D. rescue拯救。由上文的the Red Cross可知，女老板打电话给红十字会去救作者。故选D项。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在他们的帮助下，我在哥斯达黎加度过了剩下的日子。A. remaining剩下的；B. passing暂时的；C. rewarding值得做的；D. exciting令人激动的。由下文语境可知，作者在哥斯达黎加过了两周，所以作者在哥斯达黎加度过了剩下的日子。故选A项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我周游了世界。A. surveyed调查；B. driven开车；C. traveled旅游；D. studi
93、ed研究。由全文语境和下文的But this was one of the best trips可知，作者在旅游，此处指作者周游了世界。故选C项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这是最好的旅行之一，是我旅行生涯中最棒的两个星期。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. months月；D. years年。由上文的a return ticket to Guatemala in two weeks可知，作者在哥斯达黎加度过了两星期。故选B项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一开始，我为没有一个明确的计划而感到羞耻和愚蠢。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. optimistic积极的
94、；C. fortunate幸运的；D. curious好奇的。由下文的stupid for not traveling with a clear plan可知，作者为没有一个明确的旅游计划而感到羞愧和愚蠢。故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但后来我意识到，当你处于一个能够接受的位置时，它实际上会让人们感到更快乐。A. offer提供；B. help帮忙；C. receive接受；D. repay偿还。由下文的Being able to receive kindness可知，此处指当你处于一个能够接受的位置时。故选C项。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：能够接受善意，对其他人而
95、言，也是一份礼物。A. talent天赋；B. gift礼物；C. chance机会；D. character人物。由上文语境可知，当你处于一个接受的位置时，人们会感到快乐，所以能够接受善意对其他人而言也是一份礼物。故选B项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：而善意在小小的涟漪中激发出更多的善意。A. proves证明；B. reflects反映；C. forces迫使；D. inspires激励。由上文语境可知，别人帮助了女老板的儿子，女老板现在帮助作者，说明善意会激发善意。故选D项。第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个单词或括号内所
96、给单词的正确形式。At 8,844.43 meters high, Mount Qomolangma is_41_ (tall) mountain on Earth. While it is famous for_42_ (it) challenging hike, parts of the mountain are facing a problem: garbage. Every year, thousands of_43_ (visit) throw away tons of trash, including soda cans and plastic bags.According to
97、the UN, over 140 tons of trash have been left on the mountain. To reduce trash, China is limiting the number of people_44_ can climb the mountains north side. Only 300 people will_45_ (allow) to climb it each year, and only during spring.Local residents cleaned the mountain last year,_46_ (remove) t
98、rash at a height of 5,200 meters. They _47_ (collect) about 8.4 metric tons of trash, according to figures from the Tibet autonomous regions government.This year, the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan_48_ a new clean-up campaign, setting up stations to sort, recycle and break down garba
99、ge gathered from the mountain.In addition to trash, workers will also collect the bodies of _49_ (death) climbers. By the 2019 climbing season, more than 300 people have died on Qomolangma, with 12 deaths this year.A group of artists will try to turn some trash into artwork. They will show these wor
100、ks _50_ (local), to remind people not to leave trash when climbing the mountain.【答案】41. tallest 42. its 43. visitors 44. who/that 45. be allowed 46. removing 47. collected 48. on 49. dead 50. locally【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了，珠穆朗玛峰正面临垃圾污染的问题，及政府的应对措施。【41题详解】考查最高级。本句意为“珠穆朗玛峰海拔8844.43米，是地球上最高的山峰。”，此处指“地球上最高的山
101、峰”，应用形容词最高级tallest修饰名词mountain。故填tallest。【42题详解】考查代词。本句意为“虽然这座山以它富有挑战性的徒步旅行而闻名，但部分地区却面临着一个问题：垃圾。”，此处指“珠穆朗玛峰的富有挑战性的徒步旅行”，应用形容词性物主代词its指代前面的Mount Qomolangma。故填its。【43题详解】考查名词的数。此空是名词作主语，thousands of +名词复数，意为“数千”，此空用名词复数，visitor是可数名词，可加s。故填visitors。【44题详解】考查定语从句关系词。此句是定语从句，先行词people，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词wh
102、o/that。故填who/that。【45题详解】考查语态。主语300 people和谓语动词allow是被动关系，结合前面的助动词will，应用一般将来时的被动语态（will be done）。故填be allowed。【46题详解】考查现在分词。本句已有谓语动词cleaned且无连词，此空用非谓语形式，主语Local residents和动词remove是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填removing。【47题详解】考查时态。此处缺乏谓语动词，根据上一句的时间标志last year可知，此处叙述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时。故填collected。【4
103、8题详解】考查介词。固定搭配spend money on sth.（花钱在某物上面），应用介词on。故填on。【49题详解】考查形容词。本句意为“除了垃圾，工人们还将收集登山者的尸体。”，名词climbers要形容词修饰，此处指“尸体”，应用形容词dead（死亡的）。故填dead。【50题详解】考查副词。local要修饰谓语动词show，副词修饰动词，此空用副词形式。故填locally。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 3 分，满分 15 分）根据提示用英语翻译下列句子。51. 众所周知，增长速度最快的十种职业与电脑和健康有关。(be related to)
104、（根据提示汉译英）【答案】As is known, the ten fastest growing jobs are related to computers and health.【解析】【详解】考查时态、非限制性定语从句和固定搭配。由句意可知，本句讲述事实，可用一般现在时。As is known 是由as引导的非限制性定语从句，固定搭配be related to（与有关）；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：As is known, the ten fastest growing jobs are related to computers and health。52. 那位年轻的警察立即在拐弯处
105、就位指挥交通。(take up) （根据提示汉译英）【答案】The young policeman took up his place on the bend and directed the traffic.【解析】【详解】考查时态和固定搭配。由句意可知，事情已发生，用一般过去时，主语The young policeman，谓语是took up和directed，它们的宾语分别为his place和the traffic，固定搭配take up（占有位置、阵地）；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：The young policeman took up his place on the bend
106、and directed the traffic。53. 你可以购买那种由肉和混合草药(herb)构成的食物。(consist of) （根据提示汉译英）【答案】You can buy the food that consists of meat mixed with herbs.【解析】【详解】考查定语从句、过去分词和固定搭配。本句时态用一般现在时，主句主语You，主句谓语can buy，主句宾语the food，the food为先行词，指物，在定语从句中作主语，由关系代词that引导定语从句，从句谓语consists of，从句宾语meat mixed with herbs，mixed
107、with herbs过去分词短语作名词meat的定语，固定搭配mix with（与混合），consist of.（由构成）；再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：You can buy the food that consists of meat mixed with herbs。54. 他匆忙赶到那里，却发现已没有开往南美洲的船了。(不定式作结果状语) （根据提示汉译英）【答案】He arrived there in a hurry, only to find that there were no boats for South America.【解析】【详解】考查动词不定式、宾语从句和there
108、be句型。由句意可知，事情已发生，时态用一般过去时，主句主语He，主句谓语arrived，此处用only to do做结果状语（意外的结果），find后接that引导的宾语从句，从句用there be句型，再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：He arrived there in a hurry, only to find that there were no boats for South America。55. 就是这种失败感促使李宁决心在新的生活中取得成功。(强调句) （根据提示汉译英）【答案】It was this sense of failure that made Li Ning det
109、ermined to succeed in his new life.【解析】【详解】考查it强调句型、时态和固定搭配。由句意可知，事情已发生，时态可用一般过去时，使用It was +被强调部分+ that从句，被强调部分是this sense of failure，从句谓语部分可用固定用法make sb.+ adj.，固定搭配(be) determined to do sth.（决心干某事）；再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为：It was this sense of failure that made Li Ning determined to succeed in his new life。第
110、二节 读后续写（满分 25 分）56. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Im Martha. My middle school had a tradition carried out every year during the eighth-grade graduation: a beautiful gold and green jacket was given as a prize to the student who had kept the highest grades for eight years. I was fourteen and in the ei
111、ghth grade. I had been a straight A student since the first grade and I had looked forward very much to owning that jacket.One afternoon when I was on my way to the gym, I suddenly remembered my P.E. shorts were left in the bag under my desk. So I went back and get them. I was almost back at my clas
112、sroom door when I heard voices raised in anger as if in some sort of argument. I recognized the voices: Mr. Smith, my history teacher, and Mr. Brown, my math teacher. They seemed to be arguing about me.“I refuse to do it! I dont care who her father is. Her grades dont even begin to compare to Martha
113、s!” That was Mr. Smith and he sounded very angry. Mr. Browns voice sounded calm and quiet. “Look. Joanns father is not only on the Board (董事会), he owns the only store in town”The pounding in my ears kept out the rest of the words, only a word here and there got through. “Martha is Mexicanimpossiblew
114、ont do it” To this day I dont remember if I got in trouble in P.E. for being late or how I made it through the rest of the afternoon.The next day I was told by the headmaster that there had been a change in policy this year that whoever was awarded the jacket would be charged fifteen dollars and if
115、the prize winner was unable to pay the money it would be given to the next one in line. That was unfair! I cried all the way home, so by the time I got home, my eyes were red and puffy (肿大的). I went to Dad, who was working in the bean field. He saw my shadow and looked up.注意：1. 所续写短文的词数应为120词左右；2. 应
116、使用3个或3个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1:He waited for me to speak._Paragraph 2:It was a very sad and upset girl who dragged into the headmasters office the next day._【答案】Paragraph 1:He waited for me to speak. I cleared my throat nervously. “Dad, I have a
117、big favor to ask you. I poured out all my bitterness to him. He asked, “What does a scholarship jacket mean?” I answered quickly. He said, “Then if you pay for it, Martha, its not a scholarship jacket, is it? Tell your headmaster I will not pay the fifteen dollars.”Paragraph 2:It was a very sad and
118、upset girl who dragged into the headmasters office the next day. I sat very straight in the chair, saying “My father wouldnt pay the fifteen dollars and if I had to pay for it, then it wouldnt be a scholarship jacket.” The headmaster walked over to the window and said nothing. Feeling hopeless, I st
119、ood up to leave. However, he stopped me, and said “Okay. Well make an exception in your case. Ill tell the Board, youll get your jacket.”【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，作者的中学每年在八年级毕业时都有一个传统：一件漂亮的金绿色夹克衫作为奖品，奖励给八年来成绩最好的学生。作者成绩优异，本以为自己能拿到奖品，然而校长告诉她，今年的政策有了变化，谁被授予夹克，谁就要被收取15美元，作者哭着回家。续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：
120、他等着我说话。本段应该写作者虽紧张，但还是把这件事告诉了父亲，父亲让作者告诉校长他不会付钱，因为付了钱的东西就不是奖学金的夹克。第二段开头是：第二天，一个非常悲伤和沮丧的女孩勉强去了校长办公室。本段应该写作者把父亲的话告诉了校长，校长沉思了一下，最后决定免费把奖学金的夹克给作者。续写时要求使用3个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为120左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：have a big favor，pay for，make an exception等高级词汇；条件状语从句if you pay for it，非谓语动词结构Feeling hopeless等高级句式。
