1、2012届高三英语二轮复习精品学案（湖北专用）：第4模块 完成句子 专题6 情态动词与虚拟语气专题导读情态动词与虚拟语气是高中语法学习的难点和重点。高考英语完成句子对情态动词的考查主要涉及常见情态动词的基本用法，特别侧重于情态动词表推测的用法和特殊结构中情态动词的应用。高考完成句子对虚拟语气的考查重点在于根据句子的语境灵活多样地运用虚拟语气，宾语从句中虚拟语气的应用，交际用语中为表委婉而使用的虚拟语气，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气，以及特殊句型中的虚拟语气等。学好虚拟语气，除了掌握基本的结构外，还要注意句子所表达的意义是与现在、过去，还是将来事实相反，看清时间状语，另外还要注意在其他结构中虚拟语气的
2、运用。五年高考已考测试点：情态动词与完成式；宾语从句、同位语从句、条件句中的虚拟语气；情态动词的推测功能；should/can等情态动词的基本用法。2012年复习备考考点聚焦： 考点(1)情态动词与完成式“情态动词have过去分词 ”结构是情态动词专项考查的难点和重点，记住以下最常考查的结构：must have done 过去一定做了某事cant/couldnt have done 过去不可能做了某事may/might have done 过去可能做了某事neednt have done本来没有必要做而实际做了某事could have done本来能够做而实际没有做某事should/ought
3、 to have done本来应该做而实际没有做某事shouldnt/oughtnt to have done本来不该做而实际做了某事考点(2)情态动词的推测功能can，could，may，might，must 皆可表示推测，使用时要注意以下几点：注意语气。语气较强用must, cannot，couldnt；语气较弱may，might或can，could；注意句式。在肯定句中，一般用may，might，must；在否定句、疑问句中常用can，could；注意时态。表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时通常用“情态动词 动词原形”结构；表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测，通常用“情态动词进行式”
4、结构；表示对过去情况的推测，通常用“情态动词完成式”结构。考点(3)can的一些特殊搭配 canttoo/overcantadj./adv. enough 再也不过分cant help/choose but do 不得不做cant help (to) do不能帮忙做cant help doing情不自禁做cant/couldnt agree more 十分赞成it cant/couldnt be better 十分好，非常好might as well还是的好；不妨考点(4)虚拟语气的基本用法 与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语动词的一般过去时(be动词用were)其他成分if主语sho
5、uld/would/could动词原形其他成分。 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语动词的过去完成时其他成分if主语should/would/couldhave done其他成分。 与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，基本结构为：主语动词的一般过去时/should do/were to do其他成分if主语should/would/could动词原形其他成分。 考点(5)含蓄虚拟条件句这样的虚拟句不含有if从句，而是以but for/without/or/otherwise等引导的句子代替if从句，主句的谓语动词的形式与前面虚拟语气的基本用法相同。 考点(6)主从句时间不一致的虚拟条件句 在有些
6、虚拟条件句中，主从句时间不一致，应根据不同情况区别对待。 考点(7)名词性从句中的虚拟语气 在含有表示坚持、建议、命令、要求等含义的名词性从句和在it作形式宾语或形式主语的复合句中，宾语补足语是necessary/strange/essential/natural/a pity/a shame等表示“惊奇、惋惜或者理应如此”等含义时，从句中的谓语动词需用“should动词原形”，其中should可以省略。 考点(8)wish/if only/would rather从句中的虚拟语气wish，would rather引导的宾语从句及if only所引导的从句，须用虚拟语气，即从句用一般过去时(b
7、e用were)表示与现在或将来的事实不符；从句用过去完成时，表示与过去事实不符。真题典例12011湖北卷 If _(我没有喝) alcohol last night, I could have driven my car home. ( drink )in helping transport and pull up the stones.(hand)1I hadnt drunk考查if引导的虚拟语气。根据主句I could have driven my car home，可以判断该处是对过去时间的虚拟，故分句部分要用过去完成时，由此可知答案为I hadnt drunk。22010湖北卷 Mr.
8、 Johnson insisted that the problem worthy of attention _ (讨论) at the meeting. (discuss)2(should) be discussed考查虚拟语气。insist引导的宾语从句要用虚拟，从句结构是 “(should)动词原形”；主语 problem与“讨论”之间是被动关系，故答案为(should) be discussed。32010湖北卷 Its said that they have swum to the island from the continent, but they _(不可能做到)because
9、 the ocean in between is too wide. (do)3cant/couldnt have done it/so/that/this考查情态动词。本句是对过去情况进行的否定推测，故用 “cant/couldnt havedone”结构。42009湖北卷 After circling around the earth for three days, Shenzhou Spaceship received the command from the ground that _(它着陆)as scheduled the next day.(land)4it (should) l
10、and考查虚拟语气。command此处引导宾语从句，从句结构为“(should)动词原形”。5I fell so sick. I wish Mum_(没有逼我)to eat so much.(force)5hadnt forced me考查虚拟语气。从语境看，这里应该是表示对过去情况或延续到现在的情况的虚拟，故用过去完成时。 6He looks sleepy. He must_(熬夜了)last night, writing the essay.(stay)6have stayed up考查情态动词表推测。根据题目中的时间提示可知是对过去发生的情况的推测，因此用must have done结构
11、。7He believes that children_(应允许学习)at their own pace. (allow)7should/ought to be/must allowed to learn/study考查情态动词的用法和非谓语动词。根据提示词首先选定情态动词should/ought to/must；“允许”要表达为allow sb to sth，此处是被动语态，由此可知答案为should/ought to/must be allowed to learn/study。8It is possible that the King of Stonehenge was linked t
12、o the stones: he_(可能参与) in planning the monument, or 8may/might/could have had a hand考查“情态动词完成式”。表示“可能性”应用may/might；由于是对过去情况的推测，动词应该使用完成式；表示“参与”应用动词短语have a hand in，由此可知答案为may/might/could have had a hand。新题预测考试动向预测(110小题)：1When Edison died, it was suggested that the American people _ all power for s
13、everal minutes in honor of this great man.(turn)当爱迪生去世时，人们建议所有的美国人关闭电源几分钟来纪念这位伟人。1(should) turn off2Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _.(save)如果我知道这一电脑程序的话，大量的时间和精力就节省下来了。2would have been saved3It is politely requested by the hotel management that radios _ aft
14、er 11 oclock at night.(play)宾馆的管理方很有礼貌地请求，晚上11点之后不要开收音机了。3(should)not be played4Had not the entrance been spotted by French potholer, Berger，the cave _.(discover)要不是法国的洞穴专家Berger发现入口的话，这个洞穴也许永远不会为人所知了。4might never have been discovered5Your advice _ till next week is unreasonable, so she is wise not
15、to take it. (wait)你让她一直等到下周的建议是不合情理的。她没有接受，真是很明智。5that she (should) wait6Doctors strongly recommend that fathers _ their babies birth. (present) 医生们强烈建议，婴儿出生时，父亲应该到场。6(should) be present at7When Xu Bingyu graduated from college in 2003, he chose to teach in a mountainous area of GuiZhou Province whe
16、n he _ an easy city life. (enjoy)当许冰雨2003年大学毕业时，他选择了到贵州省的山区教书，尽管他本可以享受安逸的城市生活。7could have enjoyed8Whats that terrible smell?Oh，I forgot about the chicken! Go and look，it _！(burn)“那是什么可怕的气味？”“哦，我忘了鸡肉！去看看，一定是烧着了！”8must be burning9Mikes father, as well as his mother insisted that he _.(stay)迈克的父亲以及母亲坚持
17、主张，他应该呆在家里。9(should) stay (at) home10I didnt know his telephone number otherwise I _.(telephone)我不知道他的电话号码，否则我就会给他打电话。10would have telephoned him11I didnt see her in the meetingroom this morning, she_(不可能发言)at the meeting.(speak)11cant/couldnt have spoken12The careless man received a ticket for spee
18、ding, he_(本不应该开那么快)(drive)12shouldnt/oughtnt to have driven so fast13My EnglishChinese dictionary has disappeared.Who_(可能拿了)？(take)13could/can have taken it14I _ (本不该拜访) her, but I missed her so much. (visit) 14should not/ought not to have visited15She was in class on Friday afternoon, but no one ha
19、s seen her since then.She _(可能遭遇了事故)(have)15might have had an accident16The doctor gave an order in the hospital that smoking _(禁止)(permit)16(should)not be permitted17At this moment, our teacher _(一定在批改)our exam papers. (mark)17must be marking18With the presidents of Tunisia and Egypt forced to step down, more leaders have realized it is high time _(重视)to economy and political freedom.(attach)18shouldnt have fed19We breathed a sigh of a relief at last. Had she known about the risks, she _(可能经受不住)with the operation.(go)19might not have gone through高考资源网独家精品资源，欢迎下载！高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#U
