1、.高考单词识记思考运用1核心词汇_ vt.代表；象征_ vt.& vi.接近；靠近；走近 n接近；方法；途径_ n安逸；舒适 vt.减轻痛苦、忧虑_ vt.保护；保卫_ n作用；功能；职能 vi.起作用；运转curious adj.好奇的_ adv.好奇地 _ n好奇心greet vt.& vi.迎接；问候；映入的眼帘 _ n问候misunderstand vt.误解；误会 _ n误解；误会likely adj.可能的_ adj.不可能的答案representapproacheasedefendfunction curiously；curiositygreeting misunderstand
2、ingunlikely2常考词汇dash vi._flight n_false adj._subjective adj._hug vt.& vi._rank n_adult n_adj._statement n_state vt._association n_ associate vt._major adj._majority n_答案猛冲；突进飞行；航班错误的；假的主观的拥抱等级；军衔成人；成年人成人的；成熟的陈述；说明陈述；说明社团；联系；联想联系主要的大多数 用所给单词的适当形式填空1We require the students full flight _ (detail) at le
3、ast 4 weeks in advance.(2016天津，阅读A)2_ (approach) the vehicle，they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window.(2016全国，完形)3Michael Tomasellos tests on young children indicate that they know how to offer help to _ (adult)(2016江苏，阅读B)4Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the bod
4、y to control various body _ (function)(2016四川，七选五)5To show this，she held up one chopstick，_ (represent) one person.(2015安徽，阅读B)6For the past 27 years，this _ (associate) has fought poverty(贫穷) and sickness.(2014安徽，阅读E)7Dr.Wilk is a member of a small group of elevator experts who consider this a _ (mi
5、sunderstand)(2014湖北，阅读E)8He stated the other day that the _ (state) was not made by him.答案1.details2.Approaching 3adults4.functions5.representing6association7.misunderstanding 8statement【联想积累】“主要的；重要的”形容词家族major 主要的，重要的main 主要的chief 首要的primary主要的，首要的important重要的，重大的leading 重要的，首位的principle 主要的，首要的vi
6、tal极其重要的significant意义重大的后缀-ly构成的形容词集锦likely 可能的brotherly 兄弟般的costly 昂贵的daily 日常的friendly 友好的lively 活泼的manly有男子气概的lovely 可爱的orderly 整洁的weekly 每周的.重点短语识记思考运用1动词介词/副词put _ 举起；升起；搭建；留宿defend._ 防御；保卫以免受答案upagainst2介词名词_ ease 舒适；快活；自由自在_ general 总的来说；通常_ the contrary 相反地答案atinon3其他形式_ if 好像_ face 丢脸be _ t
7、o 很可能；有希望turn ones _ to 背对；背弃as _ as 和一样好；而且；也；和答案asloselikely backwell用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空1They help the body _ itself _ some kinds of infections.(2016四川，七选五)2Though heavy rains may relieve the drought in California，they _ cause surface flooding and other disasters.(2016江苏，阅读C)3_，they can expect to live
8、six or seven years more than men.(2016四川，七选五)4You say he is easy-going，but I never feel _ with him.5I thought the movie would be terrible，but _，it was great!答案1.defend；against2.are likely to3.In general4.at ease5.on the contrary,【联想积累】“inn.”必备短语一览in general总的来说；通常in addition 另外，加之in advance 预先，事先in
9、brief 简单地说in common 共用的，共有的in debt 欠债，欠情in difficulty 处境困难in hand 在进行中，待办理in person 亲自，本人in time 及时“on then.”必备短语荟萃on the contrary相反on the march 在游行，在行军on the spot 在场，马上on the whole 总的来说，大体上on the other hand 另一方面.经典句式识记思考运用原句背诵感悟1They shook hands and then kissed each other twice on each cheek，since
10、that is the French custom when adults meet people they know.两个人握了握手，并且在对方的面颊上吻了两下，因为这是法国的习俗，法国成年人见到熟人就是这么做的。2However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.然而，来自西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能接触对方。句型公式仿写1since引导原因状语从句
11、_ (既然这种方法不行)，lets try another.2be likely to do sth很可能做某事；有希望做某事Students who take a well-planned year out _ (可能更加满意)，and complete their chosen course.(2015全国，阅读C)Theyre _ (可能到不了家) before ten.答案1.Since this method doesnt work2.are more likely to be satisfied withhardly/not likely to get home【联想积累】sinc
12、e用法全掌握(1)since作为介词，后接某一确定的时间点，常与现在完成时态、现在完成进行时态或过去完成时态连用。(2)since作为副词，表示从过去以来、以后或到现在的情形或状态，常与现在完成时态连用。(3)since作为连词，可引导原因状语从句，表示“因为；既然；鉴于”。还可引导时间状语从句，表示“自从(过去某时)以来”。单 词 点 睛高考必备词汇精讲精练1represent vt.代表；象征；(向人)说明教材原句Yesterday，another student and I，representing our universitys student association，went to
13、the Capital International Airport to meet this years international students.昨天，我和另一个学生代表我们学校的学生会，到首都国际机场迎接今年的留学生。(1)represent.with.用代表represent.as.把描绘成represent sb as/to be.宣称某人为represent sth to sb向某人说明/传达某事represent oneself as.自称(2)representative n代表，议员 adj.典型的，有代表性的【特别提醒】represent作“说明，传达”讲时不能直接跟人作
14、宾语，常用结构为represent sth to sb或represent to sb sth。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用You might represent each letter _ a number，for example.(2016全国，七选五)To show this，she held up one chopstick，represent one person.The subject is so difficult；I really dont know _ (如何向你表达)答案withrepresentrepresentinghow to represent it to yo
15、u2curious adj.好奇的教材原句After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive，I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.等待了半个小时之后，他们的航班到达了，我看到几个年轻人进入了等候区好奇地四处张望。(1)be curious about对感到好奇be curious to do sth渴望做(2)curiously adv.好奇地curiosity n好奇心 单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Im curio
16、us _ (know) what has happened to him.Curious enough，I didnt feel at all nervous when I faced the audience.Besides，the life of American high school students is a good choice because Chinese students _ (对学校生活感到好奇) of American students.(2015全国，书面表达)答案to knowCuriousCuriouslyare curious about the school
17、life3likely adj.可能的；预期的 adv.或许，很可能教材原句However，people from places like Spain，Italy or South American countries approach others closely and are more likely to touch them.然而，来自西班牙、意大利或南美等国的人会站在离别人很近的地方，而且很可能接触对方。(1) Its likely that.sb be likely to do.某人很可能(2)unlikely adj.不大可能发生的be unlikely to do.不可能；没有
18、希望【易混辨析】likely/possible/probable(1)likely是常用词，指从表面痕迹来看很有可能。主语既可以是人也可以是物。可以说sb/sth be likely to do sth或“Its likely that.”但是不可以说“It is likely for sb to do sth”。(2)possible强调客观上有可能，但实际上可能性很小。主语不可以是人，只能用it作形式主语，构成：It is possible for sb to do sth。(3)probable语气比possible强，含有“很有可能，十有八九”的意思，构成：It is probable
19、 for sb to do sth。单句语法填空/单句改错/句型转换Dark environments are more likely _ (encourage) overeating.(2015全国，阅读B)A person who avoids exercising is more probable to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly.He is likely to win the game._ _ _ he will win the game.答案to encourageprobablelikelyIts likely/p
20、robable/possible that4ease n安逸；舒适 vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)教材原句The most universal facial expression is，of course，the smileits function is to show happiness and put people at ease.最普遍通用的面部表情当然是微笑其作用是表示快乐和安人心境。(1)with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地at ease舒适，悠闲，自在feel/look at ease感到/看上去心情放松put/set sb at ease 使某人放松/自在(2)ease ones m
21、ind 使某人宽慰ease sb of sth使某人消除/减轻单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用He felt _ ease and confident about the future.Their help enabled me to finish the work at ease.Bernard wore a smile that _ (让我们感到无拘无束)The medicine _ (使他减轻了) the pain at once.答案atatwithput/set us at ease eased him of常考必会词汇理解辨认1approach vt.& vi.接近；靠近 n接近；
22、方法；途径；步骤教材原句Tony approached Julia，touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! 托尼走进朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，亲了亲她的脸！单句语法填空/单句阅读理解(说出黑体部分的语义)Absorbed in painting，John didnt notice evening _ (approach)(2015天津，5)They took a more reasonable approach，conveying to their children how success at school could improve
23、their lives.(2015陕西，阅读D)As Teachers Day was approaching，our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.(2012陕西，书面表达)Facing up to your problem rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.(2014浙江，12)答案approaching一个更加合理的方法临近；接近最
24、好的解决问题的办法2defence n防御；保卫教材原句She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if in defence.她后退了几步，看上去有些吃惊，并举起了手，好像是在自卫。单句语法填空/单句阅读理解(说出黑体部分的语义)All the people，men and women，young and old，were fighting against the flood in _ (defend) of their own homes.She spoke bravely in defence of freed
25、om of speech.All our officers are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.答案defence保卫；为辩护保护免受伤害短 语 点 拨1in general 总的来说；通常教材原句In general，though，studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads!但总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能帮助我们避免交往中
26、的困难。generally speaking通常来说；总的来说on the wholeto be short/briefto sum up总的来说as a general rule 一般而言；通常in a word总之in short/brief/sum简而言之；总之单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用_ general，about 20% of parental involvement was positive，about 45% negative and the rest statistically insignificant.(2015陕西，阅读D)总的来说，约20%的家长介入是积极的，大约
27、45%是消极的，其他的数据可以忽略不计。In a general rule，the more expensive the computer is，the better it is._ (总体来说)，parents care more about their childrens health than about their own.答案InInAsGenerally speaking/On the whole/To be short/brief/To sum up2turn ones back to 背对；不理睬教材原句In most places around the world，frown
28、ing and turning ones back to someone shows anger.在世界上大多数地方，皱眉或者背对着某人都表示发怒。turn ones back on sb拒绝帮助别人，背弃某人put ones back into 全力以赴turn a deaf ear to对充耳不闻(置若罔闻)close/shut ones eyes to对闭目不看单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用Dont turn your back _ me when I am speaking to you.She turned a deaf ear on our warning and got los
29、t.She _ (背弃了他们) when they needed her.答案toontoturned her back on them句 式 透 析1教材原句The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是从哥伦比亚来的托尼加西亚，随后紧跟着的是英国的朱莉娅史密斯。(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级及next，only，last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。通常句式为the first(second，last.
30、)名词to do。(2)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用He is always the first _ (bear) hardships and the last _ (enjoy) comforts.The teacher knows that you are always first to come to the classroom since last September.She was _ (第一位获得金牌的运动员) in the 31st Olympic Games in
31、 Rio.答案to bear；to enjoyfirst前加thethe first athlete to win the gold medal2教材原句Not all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下人们互相问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间距的大小也不一样。nor表示“也不”，在连接两个分句时，前面一个分句一般为否定分句，常含有no，not，never等，后面的分句则
32、须使用倒装结构。单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用There was no such thing as a fairy godmother or helpful mice，_ was there mention of a horse and carriage.(2014福建，阅读B)The headmaster will not permit the change in the course，nor he even give it a thought.The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents
33、 is nothing new；_ (也不是) requests for more money to be sent from home.(2015北京，阅读D)答案nornor后加willnor are.单句语法填空1Well，Im really sorry，Ive got some bad news for youthere are no _(flight) from Washington.(2016全国，阅读C)2When the inspector extended his hand _ (greet) Glenns mother，he slipped on the freshly o
34、iled surface.3A few months later，while eating，she would turn _ back to me.4Riding a horse through the flooded waters must rank _ one of the worlds most exciting wildlife journeys.5_ most cases，he would be on time for everything.6A sign _ (put) up to remind the drivers of the danger.7My wife is used
35、to _ (keep) a record of our daily expenses.8_(approach) the city centre，we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.9Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision _ (make) at the meeting will influence the future of our company.10_ (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at a
36、ll is quite a bad experience.答案1.flights2.to greet3.her4.as5.In 6was put7.keeping8.Approaching9.to be made10.Being misunderstood.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)1They were hidden in the forest to avoid found by the enemies.2He got a high mark，rank first in his class.3Speak clearly，or youll make yourself misunderstand.
37、4I majored English when studying in university.5He didnt participate in the oral competition，because he didnt want to lose a face.6People gathered round，curiously to know what was happening.7Were trying to raise awareness about the environment in generally and air pollution in particular.8He is prob
38、able to get hurt because he always trusts people easily.9At the meeting they discussed three different approaches of the study of mathematics.10The new cellphones have lots of functions，but as for me，they are not of great useful.答案1.avoid后加being2.rankranking3.misunderstandmisunderstood4.majored后加in5
39、.去掉a 6curiouslycurious7.generallygeneral8.probablelikely9.approaches后的ofto10.usefuluse.单元考点作文串记(一)根据提示翻译句子1肢体语言是人们交流的一种重要方式。(approach)_2不同国家、文化下的肢体语言不同。(gesture)_3我们点头表示同意，而有的民族点头却表示反对。(agree with，while)_4即使在同一个国家，不同地区也会有不同的肢体语言。(even if)_5只有当我们了解了不同的肢体语言我们才可以很好地跟人们交流。(only状语从句)_(二)加入适当过渡词，连句成篇答案(一)
40、1.Body language is an important approach to communication.2People from different countries and cultures have different body languages and gestures.3When we nod at somebody we mean we agree with him，while in some countries it means disagreement.4Even if in the same country，different areas have differ
41、ent body languages and gestures.5Only when we have mastered the different body languages can we communicate well with them.(二)【参考范文】Body language is an important approach to communication.However，people from different countries and cultures have different body languages and gestures.For example，when
42、 we nod at somebody we mean we agree with him，while in some countries it means disagreement.Even if in the same country，different areas have different body languages and gestures.Only when we have mastered the different body languages can we communicate well with them.阅读理解Heres a good deed you can d
43、o without parting with a single thing.Synthetic (合成的) voices for people who have lost the ability to speak only come in generic (一般的) typesthink of Stephen Hawkings voicebut one amazing project wants to build custom voices for each person.To do that they need your help: specifically，a recording of y
44、our voice.VocalID is the brainchild of two speech scientists，who are turning their research into a much larger project.Voice is very personal and，like a prosthetic (假体的) leg or arm，it makes sense it should be customized to each person.Heres how it worksand dont worry，this does not mean someone will
45、be walking around with the same voice as you out there：After recording a couple of hours of audio in，say，a quiet room with an iPhone，you send it to VocalID，where a program called ModelTalker cuts it up into the basic units of speech that can be recombined as new words and sentences.In that same step
46、，characteristics of the patients voicebased on what limited sounds they can makeare mixed with the donors to create a whole new one.VocalID is still in its beginning stages，and theyre looking for help from everyone including voice donors，financial support，and programmers.A priority (优先的事物) is making
47、 voice donation even easier，cutting down recording time，especially for kids.But as it stands already，your voice is just about the easiest thing to donate.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了如何给不会说话的人捐献声音。1Stephen Hawkings voice_Ahas no personal characteristicsBwas donated by a volunteerCwas created by VocalIDDsounded
48、 amazing答案A推理判断题。由第一段中的Synthetic voices for people.custom voices for each person可知，史蒂芬霍金那样的合成语音是一般的类型，而一个新的项目想要为不能讲话的人制作个性化的声音。据此可推断，史蒂芬霍金的合成语音没有个性特征。2We can infer that VocalID aims to_Ado research on voicesBteach some people to speakCproduce prosthetic legs or armsDhelp some people have their “own”
49、 voice答案D细节理解题。由第一段中的one amazing project wants to build custom voices for each person及第二段中的Voice is very personal and.it makes sense it should be customized to each person可知，VocalID旨在帮助人们拥有有个性特征的声音。3To create a new voice，which of the following is/are needed?ASounds made by the patient.BA few days of
50、 audio recording.CThe voice of at least two donors.DModelTalker that can combine words.答案A细节理解题。由第四段中的characteristics of the patients voicebased on what limited sounds they can makeare mixed可知，要在捐献的声音的基础上制作一个新的声音，需要患者自己发出的声音。4What is the main purpose of the text?ATo introduce some jobs in VocalID.BT
51、o encourage readers to donate their voice.CTo advertise a program called ModelTalker.DTo collect money for people who cannot speak.答案B写作目的题。由文章开头的Heres a good deed you can do及文章末的your voice is just about the easiest thing to donate可推断，文章主要是鼓励读者为不能讲话的人捐献自己的声音。.完形填空My wife and I were on our way home a
52、nd decided to stop at a local store to get coffee and something to eat.When we were done，we got back into our car and before I _1_ it，we noticed a man standing outside in front of the building.You could tell that he was a _2_man.His clothes were very dirty and worn and it looked like he had gone int
53、o the store and gotten him some coffee or something _3_ to drink since it was cold this time of the year.He must have not had enough _4_ to get something to eat.That is not something I _5_ too well，because that is not what _6_ me.The next thing I remember is a _7_ that walked up to the front of the
54、building.Being a dog lover，I noticed that she was part wolf and probably part German shepherd (牧羊犬)I could _8_ she was a she，because you could see that she had been _9_ puppies (小狗)She was _10_ in need of something to eat and I felt so _11_ for her.I knew _12_ she didnt eat soon，she and her puppies
55、would not make it.My wife and I sat there and _13_ her.We noticed that people walked by and didnt even pet her.She might not have been as pretty and clean as most，but she _14_ deserved better.But we still did not do anything.But_15_did.The homeless man，who did not buy himself anything to eat，went ba
56、ck into the _16_And what he did brought _17_to me and my wife.He_18_a can of dog food and fed that dog.I know that this story isnt as inspirational as some stories，_19_it plays a great part in our lives.You see，that was Mothers Day weekend.And a lot of people _20_that some animals are parents too.【语
57、篇解读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一个无家可归的人给狗买食物的故事。1A.repaired Bstarted Ccleaned Dparked答案B作者和妻子在回家途中停下车去吃了点东西。吃完回到车里后，在“发动(started)”车之前，他们注意到一名男子。2A.homeless Brich Cgentle Dhopeless答案A由下文的His clothes were very dirty and worn可推断，该男子是一个“无家可归的(homeless)”人。第四段中的The homeless man也是提示。3A.warm BniceCexpensive Dspecial答案A由下文
58、的since it was cold this time of the year可推断，男子到店里买了些“热(warm)”饮。4A.courage Benergy Ctime Dmoney答案D作者推测这个无家可归的男子一定是没有足够的“钱(money)”给自己买吃的。5A.receive BunderstandCremember Dconclude答案C由下文的The next thing I remember可推断，关于该男子当时的情况作者“记得(remember)”不是很深刻。6A.annoyed BinterestedCmoved Dprevented答案C由下文可知，真正让作者“感动
59、(moved)”的，不是男子当时的情况，而是男子给一只狗买吃的。7A.boy Bcat Cman Ddog答案D由下文的Being a dog lover，I noticed that she was part wolf and probably part German shepherd可推断，此处是说一只“狗(dog)”。8A.realize Bdecide Cimagine Dtell答案D作者从狗的样子可以“辨别出(tell)”它是一只母狗。9A.feeding Bhelping Cbiting Dsaving答案A人们可以看出这只狗还在“喂养(feeding)”小狗。10A.equal
60、ly BterriblyCsuddenly Dnaturally答案B由下文的she and her puppies would not make it可推断，这只狗“极度地(terribly)”需要吃东西。11A.cool BbadCstrange Dawkward答案B看到狗在挨饿，作者感到很“糟糕(bad)”。12A.as Bunless Cif Dthough答案C作者知道“如果(if)”这只狗不尽快吃点东西，它和它的小狗就活不下去了。13A.waved at Blaughed atClooked at Dpointed at答案C由下文的We noticed that people
61、walked by and didnt even pet her可知，作者和妻子坐在车上“看着(looked at)”狗，观察着来来往往的人对这只狗的反应。14A.only Bstill Ceven Dnever答案B作者认为虽然这只狗不像绝大多数狗那样漂亮和干净，但它“仍然(still)”应该受到更好的待遇。15A.everybody BsomeoneCnobody Danyone答案B看到过往的人都没有帮助这只狗，作者和妻子尽管很同情它，但是也没有为狗做任何事。但是，“有人(someone)”做了。16A.store Bhospital Czoo Dkitchen答案A由第二段中的he h
62、ad gone into the store可推断，男子返回了“商店(store)”。17A.power Bluck Cgifts Dtears答案D无家可归的男子没舍得给自己买吃的，却给狗买吃的，这种行为使作者和妻子热泪盈眶。故选tears。18A.made BboughtCborrowed Dprepared答案B上文讲到男子返回商店，再由下文的fed that dog可推断，他“买了(bought)”一罐狗粮。19A.and Bbut Cso Dsince答案B这个故事虽然不像有些故事那么鼓舞人心，“但是(but)”它对作者和他的妻子影响很大。20A.forgot BknewCbelie
63、ved Dexpressed答案A由上段中的people walked by and didnt even pet her可推断，很多人“忘记了(forgot)”一些动物也是父母。.语法填空A food chain is _1_series of links between plants and animals.While the farmers produced more food for people，they _2_(break) the animals food chain and the animals died or had to move.This was a great mis
64、take.And，_3_(fortunate)，people are still making that mistake.By 1900，Illinois and other Midwestern states were becoming known _4_the nations breadbasket.This was _5_millions of acres of land had been turned from prairie (大草原) into farms.Those farms could grow corn and wheat and other grains，_6_were
65、used to make bread and other food for people.That agricultural progress benefited many people.But many of the animals and plants that were native to this area were destroyed._7_was the ecology of the prairie.Today，people are trying to restore the prairie，but its a great challenge.Suburban housing is
66、 expanding._8_(pollute) is increasing.Whats next? People need to decide which is _9_(important)Should we keep _10_(build) roads and homes or should we fix the housing we have and leave land free of construction so that whats left of the natural habitat can survive?答案1.a考查不定冠词。a series of意为“一系列”。2bro
67、ke考查一般过去时。由从句中的produced可知，主句中也应用一般过去时，故填broke。3unfortunately考查副词。设空处修饰整个句子，且意为“不幸的是”，故填unfortunately。4as考查介词。become known as意为“作为而出名”。5because考查连词。设空处之后是这些州被称为产粮区的原因，故填because。6which考查关系词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句补充说明corn and wheat and other grains，且在从句中作主语，故填which。7So考查代词。设空处所在句意为“大草原的生态也被破坏了”，故填So，表示前面提到的情况也适用于另一物。8Pollution考查名词。设空处应用名词作主语，表示抽象概念，故填Pollution。9more important考查形容词的比较级。 由下句中的Should we.or should we.可知，设空处所在句意为“人们需要决定哪项更重要”，故填more important。10building考查动词-ing形式作宾语的用法。keep后需跟动词-ing形式作宾语，故填building。
