1、B5U21unite vt. & vi.联合；团结united adj.联合的；团结的union n联合；联盟2consist vi.组成；在于；一致consistent adj.一致的3clarify vt.澄清；阐明4accomplish vt.完成；达到；实现8attract vt.吸引；引起注意attraction n吸引力attractive adj.有吸引力的15arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理arrangement n安排16fold vt.折叠；对折unfold vt.(反义词)18thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊thrilling adj.令人激动的1consis
2、t vi. 组成，一致consistent adj. 协调的，一致的consist of 由组成，包括(无进行时态和被动语态)consist in 在于，存在于consist with 符合，一致be consistent with. 和一致；相符be made up of 由组成be composed of 由组成 即学即练1(1)This club _ more than 200 members.这个俱乐部由200多个会员组成。(2)His job _ helping old people who live alone.他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。(3)The beauty of
3、the plan _ its simplicity.这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。(4)Theory should _ practice.理论应与实践相一致。(5)What you say _ not _ what you do.你言行不一。consists of/consists of/consists in/consist with/is consistent with2attract vt.吸引；引诱attraction nU吸引；吸引力；C吸引人的事物attractive adj.有魅力的；吸引人的；引人注目的attract sb./sth. to.把某人/物吸引到be attracted
4、 to 对有兴趣/好感attract sb.s attention/interest/criticism吸引某人的注意/吸引某人的兴趣/招致某人的批评 have attraction for 对有吸引力be an attraction to sb.对来说很吸引人 即学即练2(1)What do you think _ people _ big cities?你认为把人吸引到大城市的原因是什么？(2)Babies _ bright colours.婴儿喜欢鲜艳的颜色。(3)The new play has _ a good deal of criticism.这出新剧招致很多批评。Attract
5、s to/are attracted to/attracted (4)She felt _ him.她对他一见钟情。(5)One of the main _ of the job is the high salary.这份工作最吸引人的是薪水高。an immediate attraction for/attractions4arrange v. 筹备；安排；整理；布置；排列arrangement n. 安排，筹备arrange sth. 整理，布置，排列；安排，筹备arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事arr
6、ange (with sb.) to do sth. (与某人)约定干某事arrange that. 商定；安排make arrangements for 安排好come to an arrangement 达成协议 即学即练4(1)Ill _ a car _ pick you up.我将安排车去接你。(2)_ they should leave the following spring. 已安排他们第二年春天离开。(3)The local newspaper _ an interview with Professor Stein.当地报纸安排对斯坦教授进行专访。arrange for to/
7、It was arranged that/made arrangements for提示：不能用 arrange sb. to do sth. 结构，应该使用 arrange for sb. to do sth. 结构。5delight vt. 使高兴/欣喜n.U高兴，快乐，喜悦；C令人愉快的事(much) to ones delightto ones (great) delight使某人(大为)高兴的是take/find/have delight in (doing) sth. 喜爱，以为乐be delighted at/by/with sth. 因/对感到高兴be delighted to
8、 do sth./thatclause 高兴地去做It is a delight to do sth. 做某事是一件令人愉快的事 即学即练5(1)_， everything goes well.使我们高兴的是，一切进展顺利。(2)The boy always _ finding others errors in class.这个孩子在课堂上总是以发现别人的错误为乐。(3)Im _ meet you here.在这儿碰到你我真高兴。Much to our delight/takes delight in/delighted to6thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊n.兴奋；紧张thrille
9、d adj.兴奋的，激动的thrilling adj.令人感到兴奋的give sb. a thrill to do sth./of doing sth.做某事让某人感到激动be thrilled at/about/with sth.对感到兴奋 即学即练6(1)The film _ the audience.那部电影对观众很有刺激性。(2)It was _ meet Yao Ming.能见到姚明的确是令人兴奋的事。(3)He _ the sight of her.见到她，他很兴奋。(4)I had a _ experience on the lake last Sunday.上周日在湖上我有一次
10、激动人心的经历。Thrilled/a real thrill to/was thrilled at/thrilling7divide.into. 把分成divide.between/among/with. 和分担/分配/分享divide.by. 用除以divide.in half (two)/into halves 把分成两部分 即学即练7(1)The train _ at York.这列火车在约克市调动车厢分途行驶。(2)The teacher _ the class _ small groups for a discussion. 老师把这班分成几个小组进行讨论。(3)We _ the w
11、ork _ us.我们分担这项工作。(4)30 _ 6 is 5.30 除以6等于5。Divides/divided into/divide between/among/divided by8break away (from) 挣脱；脱离break down (机器)出故障；(讨论、谈判、希望、计划等)失败；打破；(化学)分解；身体垮掉break in 破门而入；打断break into 闯入；突然起来(后接 tears, laughter等)break out 战争爆发；(火灾)发生break off 折断，打断；突然停止讲话；休息；断绝；结束break through 突围；突破；冲垮；克
12、服break up 拆开，结束；解散 即学即练8(1)It was wrong for him to _ all his good friends. 他和他的好朋友决裂是错误的。(2)The students were encouraged to _ the bad habits. 学生们被鼓励改掉坏习惯。(3)The elevators in the building are always _. 这幢楼里的电梯总出故障。break away from/break away from/breaking down (4)Peace talks have _ over the question o
13、f reparations. 和谈因战后赔款问题而中止。(5)Bacteria _ the animal waste to form methane.细菌使动物粪便分解成沼气。(6)If Tim carries on working like this, hell _ sooner or later.如果蒂姆继续这样工作，身体迟早会垮掉。broken down/break down/break down9leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑leave about 乱放(东西)leave alone 别管；别惹；不打扰leave aside 搁置leave behind 留在后面；没带走lea
14、ve for (go off to) 动身去leave off 停止；中断 即学即练9(1)In copying this paper, be careful not to _ any word.抄这个文件时，注意不要漏掉任何一个字。You can _ the details; just give us the main facts.你可以省去细节，告诉我们主要的事实就行了。Dont _ our teachers _ from the invitations.请不要忘记邀请我们的老师们。leave out/leave out/leave out (2)用适当的介、副词或形容词填空I think
15、 we should leave _ now and have a cup of tea.Can you tell me the time? Ive left my watch _.She left _ an important detail in her account.Dont you think well leave _ the concert now?A railway station is no place for a child to be left _ at night.Off/behind/out/for/alone10take the place of (replace) 代
16、替；取代take place (事情)发生，产生；举办，举行take ones place 代替，接替in place of 代替in place 在适当的位置in the first place 最初，首先，第一 即学即练10(1)Ill _ my father to run the company._ to run thecompany.我将代替我父亲管理公司。(2)Mr Li is ill, so Ill _him to give you lessons.give you lessons _ him.李老师生病了，因此我替代他给你们上课。take the place of take my
17、 fathers place/take the place of in place of (3)I cant go to the meeting myself, so Mary will _.我不能亲自出席会议，因此玛丽将替代我。(4)Their wedding will _ next month.他们下个月举行婚礼。(5)Please put the book _.请把书放在原处。take my place/take place/in placedivide/separate(1)divide侧重于把一个整体分成若干部分，其后常接介词into, among, between等。(2)sepa
18、rate指把原来连在一起或靠近的“分隔”开来。常与介词from搭配构成separate.from，意为“把和分开(隔)”；另外还有“离别，分手”之意。 应用1(1)England is _ from France by the English Channel.(2)The teacher _ the class into 8 small groups.(3)He _ the cake among the children.(4)The childs parents have _.Separated/divides/divided/separated2. quarrel/discuss/argu
19、e/debate(1)quarrel表示“争吵，争论”，着重指因意见不一而产生的激烈争论。常与about, over, with连用。(2)discuss用于一般场合，重在交换意见，进行讨论，不含有意说服对方的成分。(3)argue表示“争辩”，以支持或反对，尤指以说服某人为目的。常与about, over, with, against连用。(4)debate着重指在正式场合(比如国会)，和意见对立的一方进行全面的、彻底的辩论或争论，重在各述理由，双方交锋。常见搭配为debate on/over sth.。 应用2(1)I _ him out of going.(2)They _ the qu
20、estion openly.(3)He _ with his brother and rushed out.(4)Lets _ the matter over tea.Argued/debated/quarreled/discussB5U36tolerate vt.容忍；忍受7lack vi. & vt.缺乏；没有 n缺乏；短缺的东西8adjustment n调整；调节adjust vt.调整；使适应9press vi. & vt.按；压；逼迫n.按；压；印刷；新闻pressure n压力10fasten vt.系牢；扎牢5take up 占去(时间/空间)；开始学习；从事；继续；接受；拿起；
21、改短(衣服)；加入take off 脱(衣服)；起飞；成名take in 吸入；领会；包含；收留(某人)take away 解除；消除(痛苦等)take back 收回(说过的话)；退回(货物)；与重归于好，使回忆起take down (write down, note down) 写下；拆除take on 呈现(新面貌)；雇用；承担责任take for 当做；误认为take apart 拆开take over 接管，接收 即学即练5写出下列句中take up的意思。(1)Finally he took up the textbook and read us the lesson._(2)Th
22、e table takes up too much room._(3)She took up the story where Tim had left off._拿起/占去(空间)/继续 (4)John took up writing poetry while at school._(5)She took up his offer of a drink._(6)This skirt needs taking up._(7)Their protests were later taken up by other groups._开始从事/接受/改短(衣服)/加入6lose sight of看不见a
23、t the sight of.在看到时catch sight of.望见，看到in/within sight在视线内，可以被看见in sight of.可以看见out of sight看不见了，不被人看见 即学即练6(1)I _ him in the crowd.在人群中我再也看不到他了。(2)She let out a cry _the snake.她一见到蛇，就发出叫喊声。(3)Sheila _ her own face in one of the shop windows.希拉在一扇橱窗里瞥见了自己的脸。(4)When we got to the beach, there wasnt a
24、 soul _.我们到达海滩时一个人也看不到。lost sight of/at the sight of/caught sight of/in sight7speed up (使)加快速度；(使)增加速度at a/the speed of 以的速度run at full speed 以全速跑pick up speed 加快速度with all great speed 以全速，开足马力at a high/low speed 以高速/低速at (the) top speed 以最高速度speed limit 速度限制 即学即练7(1)The train began to _. 火车开始加速。(2)
25、The train soon _. 火车很快加速了。(3)She _ and overtook them.她加快速度超过了他们。(4)The train runs _ 200 kilometres an hour.火车以每小时200千米的速度行驶。pick up speed/speeded up/speeded up/at a speed ofB5U44assist vt.帮助；协助；援助assistant n助手；助理；售货员7concentrate vt.聚集；集中concentration n集中8acquire vt.获得；取得；学到9access vt.评估；评定10inform v
26、t.告知；通知13accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告18approve vt.赞成；认可；批准approval n认可19process vt.加工；处理 n过程；程序；步骤1assist vi. & vt. & n帮助；援助；协助assistance n援助；帮助；补助assistant n助手；助理 adj.辅助的；助理的assist sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事assist sb. in doing sth./to do sth.帮助某人做某事assist at/in sth.参加某事物come to sb.s assistance帮助某人with the assistan
27、ce of在的帮助下 即学即练1(1)The students _ doing the experiment.学生们协助教授做实验。(2)We all _ mending the roof.我们都帮助修理屋顶。(3)We asked him to _ designing a new bridge.我们请他帮助我们设计一座新桥。assisted the professor in/assisted in/assist us in (4)He can walk only _ crutches.他只能靠一副拐杖走路。(5)Despite his cries, no one _.尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮
28、助他。with the assistance of/came to his assistance2concentrate vt. 集中；全神贯注concentration n. 专心；专注concentrate (sth.) on (doing) sth. 集中于；专心于concentrate ones attention/efforts/thoughts on.把注意力/努力/思想集中到be concentrated in/on/upon sth. 集中于，专心于 即学即练2(1)We should _ all our effort _ improving education. 我们应该致力
29、于改进教育工作。(2)He _ the study of English.他把重点放在英语学习上。(3)Our population _ the big cities.我国人口集中在大城市里。Concentrate on/concentrated on/is concentrated in拓展：focus/fix ones attention on. 集中注意力于put ones mind/heart in (into) 专心于be absorbed in. 一心一意于apply oneself/ones mind to. 专心于pay attention to 专心，注意以上短语中 in,
30、to 都是介词，后接名词或动名词。3acquire vt. 获得，取得，学到 即学即练3(1)I managed to _ for the concert.我设法弄到了两张音乐会的票。(2)She _ French.她学会了法语。(3)Mr Brown _ in the oil business.布朗先生在石油生意上发了财。acquire two tickets/acquired a knowledge of/acquired a fortune4inform vt.告知；通知informed adj.了解情况的；见识广的inform sb. of/about sth.告知某人某事inform
31、 sb. (that).通知某人keep sb. informed使某人随时了解最新情况 即学即练4(1)Please _ any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有变更请尽快通知我们。(2)We regret to _ you _ your application has been rejected.我们很遗憾地通知你，你的申请未被接受。(3)Please _ me fully _ any developments.事态如有发展，请向我提供详情。inform us of/inform that/keep informed of6accuse
32、vt.控告；谴责accuse sb. of sth.charge sb. with sth.因某事而控告/谴责某人accuse sb. as.指控某人为accuse sb. for sth. 为某事指责某人 即学即练6(1)My teacher is always _ me _ carelessness.我的老师总是指责我粗枝大叶。(2)Mary _ an accomplice.玛丽被指控为同谋犯。(3)Man often _ nature _ his own misfortunes.人类常把自身的不幸归罪于天。Accusing of/was accused as/accuses for拓展：
33、与 accuse sb. of sth.结构相似的有：rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某物warn sb. of sth. 警告某人某事rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某事remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某物inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事8approve v. 批准；满意approval n. U批准；赞成；认可approve sth. 核准(批准)某事approve of sb./sth. 赞成某人(某事)approve of sb.s doing sth. 同意某人做某事without approval 未经许可with ones ap
34、proval 经某人同意 即学即练8(1)The minister _ the building plan.部长批准了这项建筑计划。(2)The resolution _ 68 to 10 with 28 abstentions.决议以68票对10票通过，28票弃权。(3)Mother doesnt _ her smoking.母亲不赞成她吸烟。Approved/was approved by/approve of9depend on 依靠；依赖；信赖；依而定depend on/upon sth. 依靠某物；由决定depend on sb. to do sth. 指望/依靠某人做某事depen
35、d on/upon sb./sth. for sth.指望/依靠某人/某物提供某物depend on it that.相信某件事 (it是虚词，真正的内容是 that从句)depend onwhclause 依赖于That depends./It all depends.这很难说；得看情况。 即学即练9(1) Success _ your effort and ability.成功与否得看你的努力和能力。(2) It all _ whether or not you are interested in it.这完全看你对这事是不是有兴趣。(3) You may _ them to be her
36、e early.你可以指望他们会早来。(4)Is he coming？他来吗？_. He may not have time.那要看情况。他不一定有时间。depends on/depends on/depend on/That depends1. assist/help/aid(1)assist正式用语，多指在提供帮助时，帮助者起次要或协助作用。(2)help最普遍用语，含义广泛。指“以积极态度给予各方面的帮助”，强调“受助者得到帮助或好处”，并着重受助者对帮助的需要；侧重积极地为他人提供物质、精神或其他方面的帮助。 (3)aid正式用词，指帮助他人脱离危险或战胜困难，着重强调强者对急需帮助的弱者的帮助。 应用1(1)They _ flood victims.他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。(2)She _ him in his experiments.她协助他做实验。(3)Please _ me arrange these papers.请帮我整理这些文件。Aided/assisted/help
