1、Module 5The Conquest of the Universe(主题语境人与自然之宇宙探索：地球与宇宙奥秘探索)1planet n. 行星2universe n. 宇宙3globe n. 地球仪，地球4gravity n. 重力，万有引力5orbit n. 运行轨道6atmosphere n. 大气层，大气7astronomy n. 天文学astronomer n. 天文学家8foresee v. 预知；预见9astronaut n. 宇航员10telescope n. 望远镜11space n. 太空12rocket n. 火箭13explore v. 探索exploration
2、n. 探索14spacecraft n. 太空飞船15track v. 追踪16mission n. 计划17spacewalk n. 太空行走18vacuum n. 真空；空白19monitor vt. 监测；监控20shuttle n. 航天飞机1artificial satellite 人造卫星2Milky Way 银河3black hole 黑洞4solar system 太阳系5manned spaceship 载人飞船6Big Bang 宇宙大爆炸7space station 太空站；空间站8space exploration 太空探索9the outer space 外太空10m
3、anned spaceship/spacecraft 载人飞船11come true 实现12conduct an experiment 进行实验13in the long run 从长远来看14return to the earth 返回地球15escape the pull of the earths gravity 逃离地球的引力1I have long been interested in space exploration. 长期以来， 我一直对太空探索感兴趣。2The journey to outer space and other planets is not a dream a
4、ny more. 去外太空和其他星球的旅行不再是个梦。3There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements in many different ways. 毫无疑问， 我们在许多不同的方面受益于科学的进步。 单词巧练写准并记牢高考与教材.识记单词(一)会其形1witness v. 目击，亲眼看见；亲身经历2burst v. 爆炸3.view v. 看，观察4decade n. 十年 5.deed n. 行为6sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛 7.accuse v. 指责8accustomed adj.
5、习惯的 9.acknowledge v. 承认；认为10foresee v. 预知；预见 11.impact n. 影响，作用12broad adj. 丰富的；广泛的(二)知其意1random adj. 任意的；随机的 2.tension n. 紧张关系3autonomous adj. 自治的；有自治权的4defeat n. 失败5aid n. 帮助 6.glory n. 光荣；荣誉7abstract adj. 抽象的 8.consistent adj. 一致的；吻合的9deliberately adv. 蓄意地，故意地10pray v. 祷告；祈祷 11.swear v. 起誓保证12acu
6、te adj. 剧烈的；激烈的 13.dignity n. 尊贵；尊严14authority n. 权力；权威 15.grasp n. 理解16scholar n. 学者 17.faith n. 信任；信心；信念.拓展单词1relief n. 安慰；宽慰relieve v. 安慰；宽慰2sympathy n. 同情；同情心sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的3stable adj. 稳定的；安定的stability n. 稳定；安定4consult v. 咨询；请教consultant n. 顾问5dramatic adj. 给人深刻印象的；戏剧性的drama n. 戏剧6ob
7、servation n. 观察；监视observe v. 观察；观测；遵守7assume v. 假定，假设assumption n. 假定，假设8patience n. 耐心patient adj. 耐心的 n. 病人patiently adv. 耐心地9depend v. 依靠；取决于dependent adj. 依赖的dependence n. 依赖，依靠independence n. 独立；自立10advanced adj. 高级的，先进的advance v& n. 前进；进步；进展11devotion n. 忠诚devote v. 致力devoted adj. 忠诚的12invasio
8、n n. 入侵invade v. 侵略，侵占invader n. 侵略者13commitment n. 忠诚；奉献commit v. 保证；承诺，忠于；投入；犯(罪)1.(2019全国卷)Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief (relieve) when the season comes to a close.2(2012全国卷)Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience (patient)I could make my toys last. 3(2019天津卷)Tom is
9、 so independent (dependent) that he never asks his parents opinion unless he wants their support.4(2019江苏卷)A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption (assume) that they might make a nice blowup for one of the visitors centers.5(2019江苏卷)The doctor sha
10、res his phone number with the patients (patient) in case they need medical assistance.6(2019北京卷)In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent (depend) on teammates.7(2017江苏卷)It would be difficult for the developed countries to maintain the stability (stable) of population.8(20
11、17天津卷)She seemed so content in her observation (observe)9(2016天津卷)Im a 34yearold man, married, live in a nice house, and have a successful career as an educational consultant (consult)10(2015北京卷)Thanks to the advanced (advance) technology, we live in an age of bettered communication.11(2015安徽卷)Such
12、is their devotion (devote) to the common good of the colony that not only soldier ants but also worker ants will sacrifice their lives to help defeat an enemy.1与“学习”相关的词汇集锦grasp vt. 理解；领会attend vt. 参加；上学concentrate vi. 集中(精力)review vi. 复习功课acquire vt. 获得；得到absorb vt. 吸收；理解master vt. 精通；掌握2“悲伤”一族来聚会s
13、orrow n. 悲伤；悲痛sad adj. 难过的sadness n. 悲伤grief n. 悲痛；忧伤miserable adj. 悲惨的heartbroken adj. 心碎的mournful adj. 悲哀的3“人物特点”的形容词全扫描devoted 忠实的generous 慷慨的mean 吝啬的easygoing 随和的warmhearted 热心肠的energetic 有活力的enthusiastic 充满热情的 短语巧练写准并记牢高考与教材1.in_spite_of 不管，尽管，不顾2at_the_very_beginning_of 在一开始的时候3a_series_of 一系列
14、的；一连串的4accuse_sb._of_doing_sth. 指责某人某事5pray_for 祈望；祈求6be_similar_to 与相似的7set_out 开始做；着手进行；陈述8in_relief 欣慰地9break_out 爆发10make/have_an_impact_on 对有影响1.(2019全国卷)Gordon says the HUNCH program has_an_impact_on college admissions and practical life skills.2(2018江苏卷)In the 1760s, Mathurin Roze opened a_se
15、ries_of shops that boasted (享有) a special meat soup called consomme.3(2016全国卷)We can set_out early so that well have more time to read and select books.4(2014天津卷)In addition, the climate here is very similar_to that in the USA, so there is no need for you to worry about it.1不可“不管；不顾”in spite of 尽管；不
16、管despite 尽管；不管regardless of 不管；不顾no matter 不管，无论leave alone 不管；不理2无被动语态短语多总结break out 爆发belong to 属于consist of 由组成come true 变成现实take place 发生3聚焦“对有影响”短语make/have an impact onhave an effect onhave influence on/uponimpact on/uponmake a difference to 句式仿写写准并记牢高考与教材1.“no比较级than”表示“同一样不”The world was in
17、shockmaybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane.全世界都震惊了也许他们原本都认为这次太空飞行跟乘坐飞机一样没什么危险。2否定词前置引起的部分倒装.little did he know what impact he was going to make.他根本不知道他将要造成多大的轰动。3as/though前置引起的部分倒装Incredible as it may seem, both the observations of science and t
18、he evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that.尽管看起来不可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出一个设想1.(2016江苏卷)人类的孩子在物理世界的测试中并不比黑猩猩好。The human children did no_better_than the chimps on the physical world tests.2(2016浙江卷)她几乎不能想象她丈夫会乘直升机找她。Hardly can_she_imagine that her husband searches for her by
19、 helicopter.3(2016浙江卷)尽管累得疲惫不堪，她还是设法用她的黄色衬衫做了一面旗帜。Tired_and_exhausted_as_she_was,_she managed to make a flag with her yellow blouse.高频词汇精讲1accustomed adj.习惯的；通常的；惯常的Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel
20、.自从尼尔阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月21日首次踏上月球以来，人们对太空旅行这一概念已经非常熟悉。(1)be accustomed/used to (doing) sth. 习惯于(做)某事(2)accustom vt. 使习惯于accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth. 使自己/某人习惯于(做)某事(1)单句语法填空The students quickly accustomed themselves (they) to the new timetable, which excited the teachers.Accustomed (accustom) to li
21、ving in the countryside, I found it hard to live in the city.(2)一句多译我花了很长时间才适应了所有新的规章制度。It took me a long time to accustom_myself_to all the new rules and regulations.(accustom v)It took me a long time to be_accustomed_to all the new rules and regulations.(accustomed adj.)2assume v假定，假设；承担，担任；呈现The
22、world was in shockmaybe they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane.全世界都震惊了也许他们原本都认为这次太空飞行跟乘坐飞机一样没有什么危险。(1)assume that 假定，认为assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假设某人/某事为assuming (that) 假定(作状语)It is/was generally assumed that. 普遍认为(2)assumed adj. 假装的，假的(3)assumption n.
23、假想on the assumption that. 假定，假设联想发散 assuming that. 相当于一个表示“假设”的条件状语从句。类似的词还有provided, providing, supposing等。(1)单句语法填空Assuming (assume) that he isnt that lucky, what shall we do to comfort him?We are working on the assumption (assume) that everyone invited will turn up.It is assumed that global warmi
24、ng and climate change can cause even more disasters in the future.Let us assume the theory to_be (be) true.(2)完成句子It_is_generally_assumed_that stress is caused by too much work.普遍认为，压力是工作过重所致。3acknowledge v承认；认为；告知收到(信件、礼物等)；答谢It is now acknowledged by the movie industry as the most successful film
25、series ever.现在它被电影界公认为是迄今为止最成功的电影系列片。(1)acknowledge sb/sth to be/as. 认为某人/物是；承认某人/物是acknowledge doing/having done sth. 承认做(过)某事It is universally/widely acknowledged that. 是大家公认的(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢(1)写出下列句中acknowledge的含义An important step is acknowledging our shortcomings.承认The candidate waved
26、 his hands to acknowledge the cheers of the crowd.答谢The army sent me a postcard acknowledging my request.告知收到The thief acknowledged stealing a watch from the store.承认(2)单句语法填空The country has acknowledged taking/having_taken (take) every means to fight against any possible attack.It is widely acknowl
27、edged that people cannot succeed or achieve their targets without a strong will and persistence.Professor Hawking is acknowledged as/to_be one of the worlds greatest physicists.4accuse vt.指责；谴责；控告He accuses Darth Vader of killing his father, so he trains to become a Jedi knight and swears to avenge
28、his loss.他指控达斯维德杀死了自己的父亲，因此他把自己训练成为一名杰迪武士并发誓要为自己的损失报仇。(1)accuse sb. of (doing) sth.charge sb.with (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而控告/指控/指责某人be accused of. 被指控(2)the accused 被告accuser n. 原告，控诉人联想发散 “动词sb.of sth.”结构常见的有：cure sb. of sth.治好某人的病，改掉某人的坏习惯；inform sb. of sth.通知某人某情况(事)；remind sb. of sth.使某人想起某情况(事)；rob
29、 sb. of sth.抢劫某人的某东西；warn sb. of sth.警告某人有某情况。(1)单句语法填空Two women have been accused of kidnapping a newborn baby.The accused (accuse) was declared to be innocent by the court for lack of proof.(2)一句多译她被控玩忽职守。She was_accused_of neglecting my duty.She was_charged_with neglecting my duty.5consult v商量，磋商
30、；咨询；请教；查阅；顾及Many true Taoist masters eventually become supreme beings, similar to ObiWan and Yoda who Luke, as their scholar, consults for their teaching and advice.很多真正的道教大师最终成为举足轻重的人物，就像欧比旺和尤达，作为他们的学生，卢克曾向他们请教学问和询问建议。(1)consult sb. for advice 请教某人的建议consult sb. about sth. 就某事向某人请教/咨询consult with s
31、b. about sth. 就某事与某人商量/磋商consult a doctorsee a doctor 看医生consult a map/a book/a dictionary 查看地图/查阅书籍/查词典(2)consultant n. 顾问(1)单句语法填空Why didnt you consult with me about such an important matter?By the time I arrived at the ward, my consultant (consult) was already there.(2)完成句子Im not quite sure how t
32、o get thereId better consult_a_map.我不能确定怎么去那儿我最好查一下地图。Everybody likes to consult_with_him_about_their_problems,_large or small. 大家都愿意找他商量他们的困难，不论大事或者小事。6set out 开始做；着手进行；打算；故意；陈述Did Orson Welles deliberately set out to terrify the nation?难道奥森韦尔斯是蓄意吓唬国人吗？set out (to do sth.) 出发；开始(做某事)set about (doin
33、g sth.) 着手(做某事)set aside 储存；留出；把放在一边set down 写下，记下set off 出发，引爆，引起set up 建立单句语法填空Little Tom and his father set off for America last week.The film was set in a town which is now part of Jiangsu Province.At five in the morning she set out to_prepare (prepare) breakfast for her family.Some doctors advi
34、se we should try to set aside some time each day for exercise.After supper, Mary set about putting (put) away the chopsticks and bowls.重点词汇点拨1witness n目击者，见证人 v见证；当场看到，目击(尤指罪行或事故)；作证写出下列句中witness的含义Police have appealed for witnesses to the accident.目击者，见证人The two stone lions standing in front of Tia
35、nanmen witnessed many great historic events.见证He witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.作证2advanced adj.高级的，先进的选词填空(advanced，advance)Having shown you around our school, I will introduce our most advanced science lab to you.I would like to warn you in advance that if you smoked here you
36、would be fined.3view v看，观察；考虑，认为 n景色；视野；看法，见解写出下列句中view的含义In my view, its not right to smoke in public.看法，见解As the car approached the town center, several tall buildings came into view.视野He is viewed as our most important business partner.认为While climbing the mountain, we enjoyed the warm sunshine a
37、nd a beautiful view.风景典型句式精析as引导的让步状语从句Incredible as it may seem， both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that those strange beings who landed in the New Jersey farmlands tonight are the vanguard of an invading army from the planet Mars.尽管看起来不
38、可思议，但科学观测以及我们肉眼看到的证据都必然会让我们做出一个设想，那就是今晚降落在新泽西农场的怪物就是来自火星入侵部队的先导。(1)本句中Incredible as it may seem相当于although/though it may seem incredible。 as“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，此时常将表语、状语或部分谓语提到句首，构成部分倒装。(2)as引导让步状语从句的常见形式：单数可数名词as主语be其他成分形容词as主语be其他成分副词as主语谓语动词其他成分动词原形as主语助动词/情态动词其他成分用as引导的让步状语从句完成句子Child_as_he_is,_he
39、likes to be treated like an adult.尽管他是个孩子，但他喜欢被当成成年人对待。Hard_as_he_studies,_he often fails in the exams.尽管他学习很刻苦，但他经常考试不及格。Small_as_it_is,_the ant is as much a creature as all other animals on the earth.虽然很小，但蚂蚁和地球上的其他动物是一样的。Try_as_you_may,_you wont be able to persuade him.尽管你想方设法，但你不能说服他。.单词拼写1The l
40、ast decade (十年) has seen tremendous changes in the means of transportation.2Many people are defeated (打败) by themselves before they really meet with challenges due to the absence of confidence.3Close the door of fear behind you, and you will see the door of faith (信念) open before you.4What he said w
41、as so abstract (抽象的) that many of us couldnt understand it. 5It was a great relief (宽慰) to find my parents safe and sound. 6There are many good deeds (行为) in our class, indeed in the whole school. 7Errors are inescapable (不可避免的) incidents in the course of scientific research. 8While I have some symp
42、athy (同情) for them, I dont think they are right.9Life is a series of choices and we cant always foresee (预知) the consequences.10The government has taken measures to bring down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable (稳定的).单句语法填空1I felt relieved (relief) that many classmates began to
43、 give up their bad habits.2A series of border incidents would probably lead the two countries to war.3In recent years, there have been large numbers of volunteers devoting (devote) their time and effort to people in need.4Viewed (view) from a distance, the mountain looked like a lion, as a result of
44、 which it got its name.5At last, the boy acknowledged having_stolen (steal) the money from his mothers pocket.6His assumption (assume) about that human can clone animals has been confirmed in the end.7The football player was accused of taking money for not scoring goals on purpose.8My father always
45、tells me that observation (observe) is the best teacher.9What about the two cars?This one is no more_expensive (expensive) than that one. But the blue one uses less oil.10The speech of that Nobel Prize winner made a great impact on the students.单句改错1As we all know, English people are accustomed to d
46、rive on the left.drivedriving2In spite great efforts, we failed to carry our plans through.spite后加of3Assumed that you are chosen to be a volunteer at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, what will you do？AssumedAssuming4Weather permits, well go to visit our teacher this afternoon.permitspermitting
47、5Child as he is, he knows well about his family history and dreams being a writer in the future.dreams后加of或about6Accusing of stealing money, the man was brought to court.AccusingAccused7When in doubt about the meaning of a word, consult with a dictionary.去掉with8The politicians actions do not consist
48、 in the promises in his speeches.第一个inwith.语段填词1Although the patient was out of patience, the nurse was still patient with her work and did it patiently. (patient)2At first, Anne totally depended on Jack, her husband. After many years of struggle, she gained her independence and now she is dependent
49、 on herself to lead a new life. (depend)3Mr Black is my devoted friend, who devotes his life to doing scientific research. I respect his devotion to science. (devote)4It was first assumed that he was the murderer, but later it turned out to be a false assumption. (assume)5With the help of the advanc
50、ed technology, we can complete the task in advance. (advance).完成句子1他虽然是老师，但也不可能什么都懂。(as引导的让步状语从句)Teacher_as_he_is,_he cant know everything.2这个故事和那个故事一样没趣。(no more.than)This story is no_more_interesting_than that one.3他自从进入高中很少玩过电脑游戏。(否定词置于句首的部分倒装句)Seldom has_he_played computer games ever since he en
51、tered senior high school.4小男孩站在超市的外面，眼睛盯着橱窗上的玩具。(独立主格)The little boy stood outside the supermarket, eyes_fixed_on_the_toys on the window.5人们公认为语言和文化是相互联系在一起的。(acknowledge)It_is_acknowledged_that culture and language are associated with each other. .微写作假设你是Tom，刚刚来中国留学，请你根据以下提示给你的朋友李华写一封信谈谈你的近期生活。1尽管在
52、这儿待了很久了，我仍不习惯这儿的生活；2我承认来这儿是我做的错误选择；3假设再有一次机会，我会做出不同的选择；4使我安慰的是朋友们常来看我；5尽管也有快乐，但我还是想回家乡；6我必须耐心点，尽量习惯这儿的生活，我想我能做得到。注意：1.请根据以上要点写一篇100词左右的短文；2尽量使用本模块的知识点；3可适当增加细节。Dear Li Hua，Im writing to tell you something about my life in China.Very long though I stay here, I am still not accustomed to the life here
53、. I acknowledge I made such a wrong choice of coming here. Assuming I had a chance again, I would have a different choice. To my relief, my friends often come to see me. In spite of some happiness, I still want to go back to my hometown. So I must try my best to have patience and become used to the
54、life here. I think I can make it.Looking forward to your reply as soon as possible.Yours，Tom.课文语法填空Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot _1_ the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become _2_ (accustom) to the idea of space travel.All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth, _3_ (use)
55、 a spaceship computer _4_ was much less powerful than the ones used by the average school students today.By the time the Challenger took off in 1986，the world seemed _5_ (lose) its fear and wonder at the amazing _6_ (achieve) of people going up into space.But this was going to be a special flight an
56、d so millions of people tuned in to witness the takeoff on TV. _7_ (sad), the Challenger had exploded in midair. It _8_ (happen) so quickly and everyone was in a state of shock.In spite of all our _9_ (advance) technology, the world is still only at _10_ very beginning of its voyage into space.1on2.accustomed3.using4.that/which5.to_have_lost6achievement7.Sadly8.happened9.advanced10.the学习至此，请完成课时作业47
