1、第2课时 考点突破 诵研练词 汇 研 析demand vt.要求，请求；需要n.要求；需求(量)，需要(1)demand to do sth 要求做某事demand sth of/from sb 向某人要某物demand that.要求从句用(should)动词原形(2)meet/satisfy ones demands满足某人的需要in demand非常需要的；受欢迎的My father came down and demanded to know what wasgoing on.我父亲从楼上下来要求知道正在发生什么事情。The government is trying to do eve
2、rything possibleto_ for higher living standards.政府正在采取一切可能的措施，以满足人民提高生活水平的要求。The teacher demanded that the students_ toeach class.这位老师要求学生们准时到达各自班级。答案 satisfy the peoples demands(should)be on time【名师指津】(1)sth demand doing/to be done.“需要做某事”。类似用法的动词有want，need，require等。(2)demand后不接不定式作宾语补足语，即不说demand
3、sbto do sth(3)demand接宾语从句时，从句中应用“(should)动词原形”结构。arise vi.发生，出现；起身，起立arise from/out of.由引起when the need/problem arises当需要/问题出现时These changes arise from differences in climate and thenature of the country.这些变化是由这个国家的气候和自然环境的差异引起的。We can turn to our English teacher for help _.如果有问题，我们可以向英语老师求助。答案 when
4、 the problem arises【辨析】rise为不及物动词，也可用作名词。意为“(太阳、月亮等)升起，(物价、数量、地位等)增长、上升，(河水等)发源”；也可指人“起床，起立”等；其过去式、过去分词分别为rose和risenraise为及物动词，意为“提高(数量、水平等)，提升，筹募，引起，抚养，饲养”；其过去式、过去分词均为raisedarise为不及物动词，表示“出现，发生，起因于”；过去式和过去分词分别为arose和arisen【巧学助记】Although a new economic crisis has _ and pricesare also _，I want to _ s
5、ome money to set upa school.尽管又爆发了一次金融危机，而且物价也在上涨，但是我还是想筹集一些钱来建一所学校。答案 arisen；rising；raiseblame vt.责怪；归咎于n.过失，责备(1)blame sb for(doing)sth 因做了某事而责备某人blame sth on.把某事归咎于be to blame(for.)应(为)承担责任；该(为)受责备(不定式用主动语态)(2)take the blame for sth 对某事负责任put/lay the blame for sth on sb 把某事的责任推到某人身上(2014 江 西 卷，34
6、)Heisthoughttohaveactedfoolishly.Now he has no one but himself to blame for losingthe job.人们认为他以前行为愚蠢。现在丢了工作只能怨他自己了。(2013 湖 北 卷，C)Still others_ theAmericans，complaining that pounds have piled on thanksto eating Americanstyle fast food.还有一些人怪罪于美国人，抱怨由于吃美式快餐体重增加。答案 lay the blame onThey blamed him for
7、the accident happening the other day.They_theaccidenthappeningtheotherday_him.他们把前几天发生的事故归咎于他。答案 blamed；onemploy vt.雇用；聘请；使忙于；使从事于(2)employ oneself in(doing)sth be employed in(doing)sth 从事于/忙于(做)某事Cant we employ someone as an assistant to help deal withall this paperwork?我们不可以雇一位助理来协助处理这些文书工作吗？For t
8、he past ten years I _an Englishteacher in this middle school.十年以来我一直在这所中学受雇当一名英语教师。Guo Jingming is employed in writing a new novel.Guo Jingming _writing a new novel.郭敬明忙着写一部新小说。答案 have been employed as employs himself in【联想归纳】表示“忙于(做)某事”的词汇还有哪些？_；_；_；_；_.答案 be busy(in)doing sth；be busy with sth；be o
9、ccupiedwith sth；be engaged in(doing)sth；be employed in(doing)sthattempt vt.&n尝试，试图(1)attemptto do sth at doing sth 试图做某事(2)make an attempt to do sth 企图做某事at the first attempt 第一次尝试(3)attempted adj.未遂的We made an attempt/attempted to leave for camping，butwere stopped by our teacher.我们想去野营但被我们的老师拦住了。I
10、passed my driving test _.我考驾驶执照时一次就通过了。She has been charged with the_ murder of herhusband.她被指控意图谋杀丈夫。答案 at the first attempt attemptedpretend vt.&vi.伪装，假装，(在游戏中)假扮；伪称，佯称pretend that.假装pretendto be假装是to do sth 假装做某事to be doing sth 假装正在做某事to have done sth 假装做了某事Although he didnt know the answer，he pr
11、etended tohave known it.尽管他不知道问题的答案，但是他假装早就知道了。He pretended that he was reading an English paper whenthe teacher came in.He_an English paper when the teachercame in.当老师进来的时候，他假装在看英语报纸。答案 pretended to be readingapproach n.C方法，方式；路径；单数靠近 vt.&vi.接近；靠近；接洽；要求；着手处理(1)the approachof.的来临，的临近todoingsth/somep
12、lace做某事的方法；去某处的通道(2)approach sbabout/for sth向某人要求某事about doing sth要求某人做某事(2014天津卷，D)Many people dont dare to approachNature any more；to them the world they were born toenjoy is all threat.许多人不再敢靠近大自然，对他们来讲，他们生来应享有的世界全是威胁。ChinaandRussiahavesimilar_addressing major international problems.中国和俄罗斯在解决重大国际
13、问题上有着相似的立场。She_the bank _a loan in order to buya new house.为了买一所新房子她向银行申请贷款。答案 approaches to approached；forconclude vt.做出结论；结束；结束时说conclude from sth that.从中得出/推断出conclude sth with sth 以结束to conclude总而言之，最后(2013浙江卷)When the group discussion is nearing its end，make sure to conclude it with important p
14、oints.当小组讨论即将结束的时候，要注意确保用要点来总结讨论内容。_，I remind everyone of the questiononce again.最后，我再一次提醒大家注意这个问题。答案 To concludescene n.场面，场景；(戏剧的)一场；景色on the scene在现场；当场；在台上come on the scene出场；登场The police were on the scene soon after the traffic accidenthappened.交通事故发生后不久警察就赶到了现场。【辨析】scene可数名词。指具体的、局部的或一时的景色，可以是
15、自然形成的，也可是人工造成的。还可表示“场面，场景；事发现场和地点；(戏剧)场景”scenery总称，指一个国家或某一地区的整体自然风景。常作不可数名词sight侧重指旅游观光的风光，如城市景色或自然风光。也指人造景物或奇特的景色。常用复数。还可表示“视觉；视野；看法”view多指从远处或高处，即从某一角度所见的景色。还可表示“意见；观点”The Great Wall，whose_is beautiful，is one of themost breathtaking_in the world，but thirty yearsago，beautiful as the_was from the d
16、istance，adirty_appeared in front of us when we arrived there.答案 scenery；sights；view；scenein favour of 支持，赞同in ones favour 有利于某人do sb a favour do a favour for sb 帮某人忙ask a favour of sb 请某人帮个忙Everyone present at the meeting was in favour of what heput forward.与会的每个人都支持他的提议。Could you _ and turn offthe
17、hot water?你能帮个忙把热水关掉吗？The exchange rate is _at the moment.目前汇率对我们有利。答案 do me a favor in our favourconsist of 由组成，由构成(be made up of/be composed of)(1)consistwith与一致inlie in在于(2)consistent adj.一致的；相符的be consistent with 和一致；和相符(2013天津卷，B)This population consists of birds，bats，frogs，snakes，etc.这个群体由鸟类、蝙
18、蝠、青蛙、蛇等组成。The beauty of the city_ its magnificentbuildings.这座城市的美就在于它那些宏伟的建筑。What you see _the fact at times.有时候你看到的与事实不一致。答案 consists in is not consistent with注意：consist of与consist in不用进行时态，也不用被动语态。stand out 突出，显眼stand for 是意思，代表；支持；象征stand by sb/sth 支持某人；遵守某事stand up for 为辩护；支持Our daughter is a gr
19、eat dancer；she stands out above therest.我们的女儿是一个不错的舞者，她从许多舞者中脱颖而出。We_ a peaceful settlement of theinternational dispute.我们一贯主张和平解决这一国际争端。As a matter of conscience，he doesnt feel that he can_the President any longer.凭良心讲，他认为他无法再支持总统了。答案 stand for stand up for句 式 探 究(教材原句)AIDS is another problem of gr
20、eat concern so sexeducation and health care administration are extremelyimportant.艾滋病是另一个深受关注的问题，所以性教育和健康护理机构非常重要。句中of great concern是“ofn.”结构，表示“深受关注的”。I think his suggestion is of great value，so it is worthdiscussing at the meeting.我认为他的建议非常有价值，因此它值得在会议上讨论。(1)“ofn.”结构在句中常作表语，定语或宾补，说明事物的性质或状态，通常用在正式
21、场合或书面语中，其用法如下：of(great，no，little，some，much)抽象名词(value，importance，use，help，interest，significance，benefit，necessity等)Its of no use to talk with him about the matter.与他谈论此事是没用的。(2)of(different，the same，similar)分类名词(kind，type，sort，shape，size，colour，length，depth，width，weight，height，age，date等)Mr Johnson，a
22、 great stamp collector，has owned stampsof many different kinds and sizes.约翰逊先生，一位了不起的邮票收藏家，手里有各种各样和各种不同尺寸的邮票。(3)of(good，bad，nice，fine，serious等)性质名词(quality，character，characteristics，feature等)The goods in this supermarket are of good quality，so youcan pick them up here freely.这家超市里的商品质量非常好，所以你可以放心在这里
23、选购。(教材原句)However，not all advertising is about sellingproducts and services for a profit.然而，并非所有的广告都是为了赢利而推销商品和进行服务。not all.为部分否定结构“并非都”、“并非所有的”，故本句可替换为：However，all advertising is not aboutselling products and services for a profit.(1)英语中的不定代词all，both，each，every，everybody，everyone，everything；形容词compl
24、ete，entire，whole；副词completely，entirely，wholly，altogether等和否定词not连用，构成部分否定，表示“不都，并非都”的意思。All is not gold that glitters.(谚语)闪光的未必都是金子。He says that once again _ new lockshave proved reliable.他说或许这再次证明了并非所有新锁都是可靠的。答案 not all(2)英语中的不定代词none，nobody，nothing，no one，neither；副词(词组)no，never，nowhere，no more，no longer等表示否定意义的词与肯定式谓语连用，构成全部否定。Nothing in the world is difficult if one sets his mind to it.(谚)世上无难事，只怕有心人。_ are useful to us for the moment.这些书对我们暂时都没用。答案 None of the books
