1、定时训练(2).专题特训(定语从句)一、定语从句根据语境填入适当的关系代词或关系副词，使句意完整，然后熟读感悟。1The weather was very sunny the following day，_ was what we had expected.解析本题用which代替前面整个句子，引导非限制性定语从句。答案which2The man about _ you told me the other day turned out to be a thief.解析先行词是人，且从句缺宾语，故用whom。答案whom3I have finished reading all the books
2、 _ were borrowed from the school library.解析先行词是物the books，且有all修饰，只能用that。答案that4I cannot forget the time _ I stayed in the country with those farmers.解析定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，从句中缺时间状语，因此需用关系副词when来引导从句。答案when5_ is reported in the newspaper，the war between the two countries has come to a stop.解析当非限制性定语从句放在
3、句首时，只能用as引导；当as在从句中作主语时，后面常接动词的被动语态。答案As6Lu Xun，_ real name is Zhou Shuren，wrote lots of novels and essays.解析关系词在从句中作定语，用whose。答案whose7Can you think of another example _ this phrase can be used?解析定语从句中不缺主语，也不缺宾语，关系词在从句中作地点状语，因此需用where来引导。wherein which。答案where8Shenzhen is not the city_ it used to be
4、twenty years ago.解析当先行词在主句中作表语，而关系代词也在从句中作表语时，用that。答案that9Do you still remember the happy days _ we spent together in Beijing?解析定语从句中缺宾语，用that，which或不填均可。答案that/which/不填10I have bought the same skirt _ she is wearing.解析先行词前有the same修饰，定语从句用as/that作关系词。as引导从句表示“与同样”；that引导从句表示“同一个”。这里表示“同样的”，故用as引导。
5、答案as11The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister _ she would stay for an hour.解析句意：这个女孩准备在培训中心和她姐姐一起上钢琴课。在那里她将待一个小时。先行词为the training centre，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。答案where12Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gr
6、adually.解析句意：史蒂芬霍金认为，地球可能不是唯一有生命进化的行星。where在此引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，相当于on the planet。答案where二、名词性从句根据语境填入适当的关联词，使句意完整；然后熟读感悟。1This museum is not _ it was ten years ago.解析此处what引导表语从句，并在从句中作表语。what it was ten years ago“它十年前的样子”。答案what2She dresses well，but the trouble is _ the clothes she is wearing dont go w
7、ith each other very well.解析此处that引导表语从句。that在从句中不充当成分。答案that3You have no idea _ anxious I have been for her safety.解析此处how引导的从句表示名词idea的具体内容，是同位语从句。答案how4My radio doesnt work.I dont know _ is the trouble.解析句意：我的收音机坏了，我不知道问题出在哪里。由句子结构可知，此处缺宾语从句的引导词，其在从句中充当表语。答案where5_ he doesnt like them is very clea
8、r.解析此处that引导主语从句。注意that从句位于句首时，that是绝对不能省略的。这个句子也可以改成用it作形式主语的句子： It is very clear that he doesnt like them.答案That6The old woman was shocked by _ had happened to her daughter.解析what引导宾语从句，作介词by的宾语，且what在从句中作主语。答案what7Could you tell me for _ you have bought this fur coat?解析whom作介词的宾语并引导tell后的宾语从句，介词f
9、or前置，将其还原后应为：.you have bought this fur coat for(whom)?答案whom8_ Thomas Edison became a great inventor is known to all.解析此处how引导主语从句。答案How9_ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.解析此处whether引导主语从句。答案Whether10_ he felt sorry for was _ he wasnt in time to prevent the accident.解析前半句为what引导的主语从句
10、，后半句为that引导的表语从句。答案What；that11It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.解析句意：为什么这个人没有尽快报告这起事故还不清楚。本题考查主语从句。It为形式主语，真正的主语为设空处以及其后面的从句。答案why12Im afraid hes more of a talker than a doer，which is _ he never finishes anything.解析句意：恐怕与其说他是个实干家不如说他是个空谈家，这就是他总是一事无成的原因。在which引导的定语从句中，is
11、后面是一个表语从句。答案why13To improve the quality of our products，we asked for suggestions _ had used the products.解析句意：为提高产品的质量，我们向用过这些产品的人征求建议。考查名词性从句。这里whoever(anyone who)引导宾语从句，而且在从句中作主语。I will help whoever needs help.I will help anyone who needs help.答案whoever14She has been in _ doctors describe as a veg
12、etative state for six years.解析what引导的名词性从句作介词in的宾语，what在从句中作describe的宾语。答案what15Parents are taught to understand _ important education is to their childrens future.解析句意：教家长理解教育对他们孩子的未来有多么重要。应使用how修饰形容词important。答案how三、状语从句根据语境填入适当的连接词，使句意完整，然后熟读感悟。1Mr.Smith has learned some Chinese _ he came to Shen
13、zhen.解析句意：自从史密斯先生来到深圳，他已经学会了一些中文。此处since引导的时间状语从句。since“自从”，从句的时态若是一般过去时，相应的主句中的时态常是完成时或完成进行时。答案since2If you work with a strong will，you will overcome any difficulty，_ great it is.解析however(no matter how)引导让步状语从句。句意：工作中如果你有坚定的信念，不管困难有多大，你都会克服。答案however3A new school was built _ there had once been a
14、wasteland.解析where引导地点状语从句。句意：一所新的学校在那个曾是废墟的地方建起来了。答案where4_ youve got such a golden chance，why not make the best of it?解析此处since(now that)引导原因状语从句，意为“既然”。句意：既然你已经得到一个如此宝贵的机会，为何不充分利用呢？答案Since5A whole month had passed _ she fully recovered.解析before引导时间状语从句，before“还未就；不到就；才；趁；还没来得及”。句意：一整个月过去了，她才完全康复。答
15、案before6I heard a knock at the door _ I was having dinner.解析如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while与as可互换使用。句意：当我正在吃饭时，我听到了敲门声。答案when/while/as7_ the day went by，the weather got worse.解析此处as引导时间状语从句。从属连词as可表示从句和主句的两个动作交替进行或同时进行，可译为“一边(一边)”或“随着”。句意：随着日子一天天过去，天气变得更糟糕了。答案As8_ I like Chine
16、se food，I wont visit that restaurant today.Id like to try a different one.解析although引导让步状语从句。although/though尽管。句意：尽管我喜欢中国食物，但我今天不会去那家餐馆。我想试一家不同的餐馆。答案Although/Though9You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway.解析unless引导条件状语从句。unlessif not如果不。句意：你最终会成功，除非你中途放弃。答案unless10Tom didnt go to bed _ hi
17、s mother came back from work.解析until引导时间状语从句。not.until.直到才。句意：直到他妈妈下班回来，Tom才上床睡觉。答案until11I didnt know what happened.He had rushed out of the room _ I could ask him.解析before引导时间状语从句。before在之前，还没来得及。句意：我不知道发生了什么事情。我还没来得及问，他就已经冲出了房间。答案before12Please keep reading the poem _ you have remembered it.解析unt
18、il引导时间状语从句。until直到。句意：请一直读这首诗，直到你记住它。答案until13Can you imagine how long it will be _ a new drug is invented for AIDS?解析考查before引导的时间状语从句。此为It will be时间段before(多久之后才)结构的变形。how long 后的从句作imagine的宾语，要用陈述句语序。答案before14_ you understand the rule，you will find it very easy to obey.解析once引导条件状语从句。once一旦。句意：一
19、旦你明白了规则，你就会发现很容易遵循。答案Once15_ in Beijing，I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.解析此题考查while引导的时间状语从句。当前后主语一致时，从句可以省略主语和be动词。句意：在北京期间，我参观了颐和园。答案While.完形填空 体裁：说明文话题：计算机科学时间：15分钟The computer virus is an outcome of the computer overgrowth in the 1980s.The cause of the term “computer virus” is the _1_ betwee
20、n the biological virus and the evil program infected with computers.The _2_ of this term came from an American science fiction “The Adolescence of P1”，published in 1977.Human viruses _3_ a living cell and turn it into a factory for _4_ viruses.However，computer viruses are small programs.They copy by
21、 attaching a copy of themselves to another program.Once _5_ to the host program，the viruses then look for other _6_ to “infect”In this way，the virus can spread _7_ throughout a hard disk or an entire organization when it infects a LAN or a multiuser system.At some point，determined by how the virus w
22、as programmed，the virus _8_The timing of the attack can be linked to a number of _9_，including a certain time or date，the presence of a particular file，the security privilege level of the user，and the number of times a file is used.Likewise，the mode of attack _10_Socalled “benign (良性的)” viruses migh
23、t simply display a message.Malignant viruses are designed to _11_ the system.The attack is to wipe out data，to _12_ files or to format the hard disk.There are four main types of viruses: shell，intrusive，operating system and source ode.Shell viruses _13_ themselves around a host program and dont chan
24、ge the original program.Shell programs are _14_ to write，which is why about half of viruses are of this type.Intrusive viruses invade an existing program and actually insert a portion of themselves into the host program.Intrusive viruses are hard to write and very difficult to _15_ without damaging
25、the host file.【语篇导读】本文为说明文，介绍了计算机病毒名称的由来，病毒侵入程序的方式，病毒发作的时间和方式，以及病毒的类型。1A.division BagreementCdifference Dsimilarity解析根据常识，计算机上传染的有害程序与生物学中病毒之间有“相似性”，才会叫计算机病毒。答案D2A.start Buse Corigin Dmeaning解析从后文came from可知，是指这个词的“来源”。答案C3A.seize Binvade Ckill Dmake解析根据常识，病毒应是“入侵”活细胞。答案B4A.preventing BreducingCdesi
26、gning Dmanufacturing解析工厂应是“制造”病毒。答案D5A.added BattachedCaddicted Daccustomed解析由前段末句中attaching a copy of themselves to another program可知，此处指病毒程序“附加到”一个主程序上。原词复现。答案B6A.programs BfactoriesCcreatures Dattacks解析由前文的the host program可知此处是other programs。原词复现。答案A7A.absolutely BsteadilyCquickly Dautomatically解
27、析由throughout a hard disk or an entire organization可知，这种病毒传播非常“迅速”。答案C8A.attacks BappearsCspreads Dproduces解析由下句的The timing of the attack可知。原词复现。答案A9A.risks BinfectionsCcauses Dsituations解析由including.可知，病毒发作的时间与许多种“情况”有关。答案D10A.varies BsimplifiesCdecreases Dbehaves解析由Likewise(同样地)可知，正确选项应与a number of
28、 situations意义相关，故选varies。答案A11A.defend Bdamage Cbreak Dmisread解析 由下句wipe out data等可知，恶性病毒是设计来“损坏”系统的。答案B12A.provide Bsave Cdelete Dchange解析与wipe out data(消除数据)和format the hard disk(格式化硬盘)相并列的应是delete files(删除文件)。答案C13A.wrap Badjust Cinstall Dapply解析由后文dont change the original program可知，这种病毒自己“裹在”在主程
29、序周围，不修改原程序。答案A14A.difficult BimpossibleChard Deasy 解析由which is why about half of viruses are of this type可知，这种病毒的程序很容易写；由与之对应的下句也可知选与hard意义相反的词。反义词同现。答案D15A.settle Bremove Crecover Drecognize解析结合上句，本句不难理解：不损坏主文件的情况下很难“移除”侵入的病毒。答案B.阅读理解 体裁：说明文话题：生活用品故事时间：6分钟What defines American clothing or fashion?
30、Can you think of a piece of clothing that is inseparably linked to American culture? Your answer would be blue jeans.Levi Strauss did not invent jeans，but he is considered the first person to make and sell great numbers of them.He was born in Bavaria，an area that today is part of Germany.In 1847 he
31、and his family immigrated to the United States.Levi Strauss opened a small dry goods store，first in New York，then in San Francisco，California.Among the products he sold were jeans.These pants were especially useful for miners in California.They needed clothing made from a strong material.Jeans are u
32、sually made from a heavy cotton cloth called denim.Levi Strauss partnered with a clothing maker named Jacob Davis.Davis had invented a process for making rivets for jeans.These little metal connectors helped hold the pieces of cloth together to make the jeans stronger.In 1873，the government gave Str
33、auss and Davis a patent for their invention.That meant no one else could legally copy it without their permission.In 1928，the Levi Strauss company registered the word “Levis” as a trademark for their product.The Smithsonians National Museum of American History in Washington has one of the oldest kno
34、wn pairs of Levis.Writer James Sullivan published a book called Jeans: A Cultural History of an American Icon.In it，he says jeans represent two American values: creativity and rebellion.Cowboys wore jeans in the old Wild West.In the 1950s，people saw famous Hollywood actors like James Dean and Marlon
35、 Brando wearing jeans in movies.Today jeans still come in blue but also lots of other colors.They can also differ widely in price.You might find jeans for 15 dollars in an American discount store.However，they can also sell for thousands of dollars a pair.Some people like to buy jeans that look fresh
36、 and new.Others like to buy new jeans that are torn and look old.What kind of jeans do you like? Let us know.Send an email to learningenglish .【语篇导读】本文介绍牛仔裤的发展历史，以及其演变的过程和受人们欢迎的原因。1Where did Levi Strauss start to sell jeans?AGermany.BNew York.CSan Francisco.DThe Smithsonians National Museum.解析细节理解题。
37、根据第三段中的“Levi Strauss opened a small dry goods store，first in New York，then in San Francisco，California.Among the products he sold were jeans.”可知Levi Strauss开始卖牛仔裤是在纽约。 答案B2Why did miners love to wear jeans?ABecause jeans were durable.BBecause jeans were very beautiful.CBecause miners didnt like othe
38、r pants.DBecause jeans were very popular.解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“These pants were especially useful for miners in California.They needed clothing made from a strong material.Jeans are usually made from a heavy cotton cloth called denim.”可知矿工喜欢牛仔裤的原因是它们耐穿。答案A3If you are watching a Hollywood film，you might no
39、tice that _ has jeans on in it.AJames Sullivan BLevi StraussCJacob Davis DMarlon Brando解析细节理解题。根据倒数第三段可知D项中的Marlon Brando的是好莱坞的电影演员，所以选D。其他三人：James Sullivan是Jeans: A Cultural History of an American Icon.的作者；Levi Strauss和Jacob Davis是牛仔裤的制造商。答案D4When did the Levi Strauss company first produce Levis je
40、ans?AIn the late 1920s. BIn the late 1840s.CIn the early 1870s. DIn the 1950s.解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“In 1928，the Levi Strauss company registered the word”Levis “as a trademark for their product.”可知从二十世纪二十年代末Levi Strauss的公司开始生产Levis牌子的牛仔裤。答案A5What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?AThe colours about jeans.BThe prices about jeans.CThe style about jeans.DThe now situations about jeans.解析推理判断题。文章最后一段中主要谈到了现在牛仔裤有不同的颜色；不同的价格；不同的人喜欢不同款式的牛仔裤。由此可以判断本段主要讨论的是关于牛仔裤的现状。故选D。答案D
